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Kuedza kwakaitwa muchiteshi cherectangular chakavharirwa nemitsetse yakachinjika yetsvimbo ina dzakatenderedza. Kumanikidzwa pamusoro petsvimbo yepakati uye kudonha kwekumanikidzwa pamusoro petsvimbo kwakayerwa nekuchinja kona yekutsvinda kwetsvimbo. Misangano mitatu yakasiyana yetsvimbo yedhayamita yakaedzwa. Mhedzisiro yekuyera inoongororwa uchishandisa musimboti wekuchengetedza simba uye kufunga nezve semi-empirical. Maseti akati wandei ezvipimo zvisina dimension anogadzirwa anobatanidza kumanikidzwa panzvimbo dzakakosha dzesystem nehukuru hwetsvimbo. Musimboti wekuzvimirira unowanikwa uchibata nhamba zhinji dzeEuler dzinoratidza kumanikidzwa panzvimbo dzakasiyana, kureva kuti kana kumanikidzwa kusina dimension uchishandisa projection ye inlet velocity yakajairika kune tsvimbo, seti haina kuzvimiririra kubva ku dip angle. Kubatana kwe semi-empirical kunogona kushandiswa kugadzira hydraulics dzakafanana.
Zvishandiso zvakawanda zvekupisa uye kutamisa huwandu zvine mamodule, nzira kana masero ayo mvura inopfuura nepakati muzvivakwa zvemukati zvakaoma kana zvishoma zvakaita setsvimbo, mabuffer, mainserts, nezvimwewo. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, kwave nekufarira kutsva kwekuwana kunzwisisa kuri nani kwemaitiro anobatanidza kugoverwa kwekumanikidzwa kwemukati uye masimba pazvikamu zvemukati zvakaoma kusvika pakudonha kwekumanikidzwa kwemodule. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kufarira uku kwakawedzerwa nekuvandudzwa mune zvesainzi yezvinhu, kuwedzera kwehunyanzvi hwekuverenga kwekuenzanisa nhamba, uye kuwedzera kwekuita kuti zvishandiso zvive zvishoma. Zvidzidzo zvechangobva kuitwa zvekugovera nekurasikirwa kwemukati mekumanikidzwa zvinosanganisira nzira dzakarukwa nembabvu dzakasiyana-siyana dzakaumbwa 1, masero emagetsi reactor 2, kuvharika kwecapillary 3 uye zvinhu zve lattice frame 4.
Zvimiro zvemukati zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zvingangove tsvimbo dze cylindrical kuburikidza nema unit modules, angave akaunganidzwa kana akaparadzaniswa. Muzvigadziriso zvekupisa, chimiro ichi chakajairika kudivi re shell. Kudonha kwekumanikidzwa kwe shell side kune chekuita nekugadzirwa kwezvigadziriso zvekupisa zvakaita se steam generators, condenser uye evaporators. Muongororo yakaitwa munguva pfupi yapfuura, Wang et al. 5 vakawana kuti reattachment uye co-detachment flow states mu tandem configuration yetsvimbo. Liu et al. 6 vakayera kudonha kwekumanikidzwa muma channels e rectangular ane built-in double U-shaped tube bundles ane akasiyana inclination angles uye vakagadzirisa nhamba yenhamba inotevedzera rod bundles ine porous media.
Sezvaitarisirwa, kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogadzirisa mashandiro e hydraulic e cylinder bank: rudzi rwekurongeka (semuenzaniso, staggered kana in-line), relative dimensions (semuenzaniso, pitch, dhayamita, urefu), uye inclination angle, pakati pezvimwe. Vanyori vakati wandei vakatarisa pakutsvaga dimensionless criteria kuti vatungamire magadzirirwo ekubata mhedzisiro yakabatana ye geometric parameters. Muchidzidzo chechangobva kuitwa, Kim et al. 7 vakapa muenzaniso we effective porosity model vachishandisa kureba kwe unit cell se control parameter, vachishandisa tandem uye staggered arrays uye Reynolds numbers pakati pe103 ne104. Snarski8 vakadzidza kuti power spectrum, kubva ku accelerometers nema hydrophones zvakabatana ne cylinder mu water tunnel, zvinosiyana sei ne inclination ye flow direction. Marino et al. 9 vakadzidza wall pressure distribution yakatenderedza cylinder rod mu yaw airflow. Mityakov et al. 10 vakaronga velocity field mushure me yawed cylinder vachishandisa stereo PIV.Alam et al. 11 vakaita ongororo yakazara yemasilinda etandem, vachitarisa pamhedzisiro yenhamba yaReynolds uye geometric ratio pakudonha kwevortex. Vakakwanisa kuziva mamiriro mashanu, anoti kukiya, kukiya kwepakati, kusakiya, kukiya kwesubharmonic uye mamiriro ekubatanidza shear layer. Ongororo dzezvichangobva kuitwa nenhamba dzakaratidza kuumbwa kwezvimiro zvevortex mukuyerera kuburikidza nemasilinda eyaw akaganhurirwa.
Kazhinji, mashandiro ehydraulic eyuniti cell anotarisirwa kuenderana nemagadzirirwo uye geometry yechimiro chemukati, kazhinji anoyerwa ne empirical correlations yekuyerwa kwakanangana kwekuyerwa. Muzvishandiso zvakawanda zvinoumbwa nezvikamu zve periodic, mapatani ekuyerera anodzokororwa musero rega rega, uye nekudaro, ruzivo rwune chekuita nemasero anomiririra runogona kushandiswa kuratidza maitiro ese ehydraulic echimiro kuburikidza nemamodheru akawanda. Muzviitiko izvi zvakafanana, mwero wekunyatsoshandiswa kwemitemo yekuchengetedza inowanzo deredzwa. Muenzaniso wakajairika i equation yekuburitsa ye orifice plate 15. Muchiitiko chakakosha chetsvimbo dzakanamirwa, kungave mukuyerera kwakavharirwa kana kwakavhurika, chiyero chinonakidza chinowanzo taurwa mumabhuku uye chinoshandiswa nevagadziri ihukuru hwe hydraulic (semuenzaniso, kudonha kwekumanikidzwa, simba, frequency yekudurura vortex, nezvimwewo) ) yekubata.) kuchikamu chekuyerera chakatarisana ne cylinder axis. Izvi zvinowanzo nzi musimboti wekuzvimirira uye zvinofungidzira kuti flow dynamics inotungamirwa zvakanyanya ne inflow normal component uye kuti mhedzisiro ye axial component yakabatana ne cylinder axis haina kukosha. Kunyangwe pasina kubvumirana mumabhuku pamusoro pehuwandu hwekuvimbika kwe chiyero ichi, muzviitiko zvakawanda chinopa fungidziro dzinobatsira mukati mekusava nechokwadi kwekuyedza kwakajairika kwehukama hwe empirical. Zvidzidzo zvechangobva kuitwa pamusoro pekuvimbika kwenheyo yakazvimirira zvinosanganisira vortex-induced vibration16 uye avhareji yekudhonza kwechikamu chimwe chete uye zvikamu zviviri417.
Mubasa razvino, mhedzisiro yekudzidza kwekumanikidzwa kwemukati uye kudonha kwedzvinyiriro mugwara rine mutsetse wakachinjika wetsvimbo ina dzakatenderedza dzinoratidzwa. Yera magungano matatu etsvimbo ane dhayamita dzakasiyana, uchichinja kona yekutsvinyira. Chinangwa chikuru ndechekuongorora mashandiro ayo kugoverwa kwedzvinyiriro pamusoro petsvimbo kwakabatana nekudonha kwedzvinyiriro mugwara. Data rekuyedza rinoongororwa uchishandisa equation yaBernoulli uye musimboti wekuchengetedza simba kuti vaongorore kushanda kwemusimboti wekuzvimiririra. Chekupedzisira, mawirirano asina dimension semi-empirical anogadzirwa anogona kushandiswa kugadzira zvishandiso zvakafanana zve hydraulic.
Kugadzika kwekuyedza kwaive nechikamu chekuyedza che rectangular chaigamuchira kuyerera kwemhepo kwakapihwa nefeni ye axial. Chikamu chekuyedza chine unit ine tsvimbo mbiri dzepakati dzakafanana uye hafu-rods mbiri dzakaiswa mumadziro echiteshi, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 1e, dzese dzine dhayamita yakafanana. Mifananidzo 1a–e inoratidza geometry yakadzama uye saizi yechikamu chimwe nechimwe chegadziriro yekuyedza. Mufananidzo 3 unoratidza kugadzika kwemaitiro.
Chikamu cheInlet (kureba mu mm). Gadzira b uchishandisa Openscad 2021.01, openscad.org. Chikamu chikuru chebvunzo (kureba mu mm). Yakagadzirwa neOpenscad 2021.01, openscad.org c Kuonekwa kwechikamu chikuru chebvunzo (kureba mu mm). Yakagadzirwa uchishandisa Openscad 2021.01, openscad.org d export section (kureba mu mm). Yakagadzirwa neOpenscad 2021.01, yakaputika kuona kwechikamu chebvunzo che openscad.org e. Yakagadzirwa neOpenscad 2021.01, openscad.org.
Matavi matatu ematanda ane dhayamita dzakasiyana akaedzwa. Tafura 1 inoratidza hunhu hwejometri hwebhokisi rega rega. Matavi akaiswa paprotractor kuitira kuti kona yawo maererano negwara rekuyerera igone kusiyana pakati pe90° ne30° (Mifananidzo 1b ne3). Matavi ese akagadzirwa nesimbi isina ngura uye ari pakati kuti arambe aine daro rakafanana pakati pawo. Nzvimbo yematanda inogadziriswa nema spacers maviri ari kunze kwechikamu chekuyedza.
Mwero wekuyerera kwemvura muchikamu chekuyedza wakayerwa ne "calibrated venturi", sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 2, uye wakatariswa uchishandisa DP Cell Honeywell SCX. Kupisa kwemvura panzvimbo yekubuda kwechikamu chekuyedza kwakayerwa ne "PT100 thermometer" uye kwakadzorwa pa45±1°C. Kuti ive nechokwadi chekupararira kwemhepo kwakarongeka uye kuderedza huwandu hwekuvhunduka pamusuwo wechiteshi, kuyerera kwemvura kunopinda kunomanikidzwa kuburikidza nesimbi nhatu. Daro rekugadzirisa remadhayamita mana e hydraulic rakashandiswa pakati pechidzitiro chekupedzisira netsvimbo, uye kureba kwenzvimbo yekubuditsa mvura kwaive madhayamita gumi nerimwe e hydraulic.
Dhayagiramu yeVenturi tube inoshandiswa kuyera kumhanya kwekuyerera kwemvura (kureba mumamirimita). Yakagadzirwa neOpenscad 2021.01, openscad.org.
Tarisa kumanikidzwa kuri padivi petsvimbo yepakati uchishandisa pombi yekumanikidza ye 0.5 mm pakati pechikamu chekuyedza. Dhayamita yekuyedza inoenderana ne 5° angular span; saka kururama kwekona kunenge 2°. Tsvimbo inotariswa inogona kutenderedzwa ne axis yayo, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 3. Musiyano uripo pakati pekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro petsvimbo nekumanikidzwa pamusuwo wechikamu chekuyedza unoyerwa ne differential DP Cell Honeywell SCX series. Musiyano uyu wekumanikidzwa unoyerwa kune yega yega bar arrangement, flow velocity inosiyana, inclination angle \(\alpha \) uye azimuth angle \(\theta \).
marongero ekuyerera kwemvura. Madziro echiteshi anoratidzwa negrey. Kuyerera kwemvura kunobva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi uye kunovharwa netsvimbo. Cherechedza kuti maonero ekuti "A" akatarisana netsvimbo. Tsvimbo dzekunze dzakaiswa mukati memadziro echiteshi chemativi. Protractor inoshandiswa kuyera kona yekutsvedza \(\alpha \). Yakagadzirwa neOpenscad 2021.01, openscad.org.
Chinangwa chekuedza uku ndechekuyera nekududzira kudonha kwepressure pakati pema inlets e channel uye kumanikidzwa pamusoro pe centre rod, \(\theta\) uye \(\alpha\) kune azimuths dzakasiyana uye dips. Kuti tipfupise mhedzisiro, differential pressure icharatidzwa muchimiro chisina dimension senhamba yaEuler:
apo \(\rho \) iri huwandu hwemvura, \({u}_{i}\) iri velocity yekupinda, \({p}_{i}\) iri pressure yekupinda, uye \({p }_{ w}\) iri pressure panzvimbo yakatarwa pamadziro etsvimbo. Velocity yekupinda yakaiswa mukati mezvikamu zvitatu zvakasiyana zvinosarudzwa nekuvhurwa kwevharuvhu yekupinda. Velocity dzinobva pa6 kusvika 10 m/s, zvinoenderana nenhamba yechiteshi Reynolds, \(Re\equiv {u}_{i}H/\nu \) (apo \(H\) iri kukwirira kwechiteshi, uye \(\nu \) iri kinematic viscosity) iri pakati pe40,000 ne67,000. Nhamba yetsvimbo Reynolds (\(Re\equiv {u}_{i}d/\nu \)) iri kubva pa2500 kusvika 6500. Kusimba kweturbulence kunofungidzirwa ne relative standard deviation yezviratidzo zvakanyorwa mu venturi iri paavhareji ye5%.
Mufananidzo 4 unoratidza hukama hwe \({Eu}_{w}\) ne azimuth angle \(\theta \), hwakarongwa ne three dip angles, \(\alpha \) = 30°, 50° uye 70° .Zviyero zvakakamurwa mumagrafu matatu zvichienderana nedhayamita yetsvimbo. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti mukati mekuedza kusava nechokwadi, nhamba dzeEuler dzakawanikwa hadzina chekuita ne flow rate. Kuvimba kwakawanda pa θ kunotevera mafambiro akajairika ekumanikidzwa kwemadziro akatenderedza perimeter ye denderedzwa chipingamupinyi. Pamakona akatarisana nekuyerera, kureva, θ kubva pa 0 kusvika pa 90°, threshold yemadziro etsvimbo inoderera, ichisvika padiki pa 90°, iyo inoenderana nemukana uri pakati petsvimbo apo velocity yakanyanya nekuda kwemiganhu yenzvimbo yekuyerera. Nekuda kweizvozvo, pane kudzoreredzwa kwe threshold ye θ kubva pa 90° kusvika pa 100°, mushure mezvo threshold inoramba yakafanana nekuda kwekuparadzaniswa kwe rear boundary layer yetsvimbo. Cherechedza kuti hapana shanduko mu angle ye low pressure, izvo zvinoratidza kuti zvinokwanisika kukanganisa kubva ku shear layers dziri pedyo, zvakaita seCoanda effects, hazvisi zvechipiri.
Kuchinja kwenhamba yeEuler yemadziro akakomberedza tsvimbo kune makona akasiyana ekutsvedza uye dhayamita yetsvimbo. Yakagadzirwa neGnuplot 5.4, www.gnuplot.info.
Muzvinotevera, tinoongorora mhedzisiro zvichibva pakufungidzira kuti nhamba dzeEuler dzinogona kuverengerwa chete ne geometric parameters, kureva kuti feature length ratios \(d/g\) uye \(d/H\) (apo \(H\) iri kukwirira kwechiteshi) uye inclination \(\alpha \). Mutemo unozivikanwa wekushandisa unoti simba re fluid structure pa yaw rod rinotsanangurwa ne projection ye inlet velocity perpendicular to the rod axis, \({u}_{n}={u}_{i}\mathrm {sin} \alpha \) .Izvi dzimwe nguva zvinonzi musimboti wekuzvimirira.Chimwe chezvinangwa zve ongororo inotevera ndechekuongorora kana musimboti uyu uchishanda kune yedu nyaya, uko flow uye obstructions zvakavharirwa mukati me closed channels.
Ngatifungei nezvekumanikidzwa kwakayerwa pamberi penzvimbo yepakati petsvimbo, kureva kuti θ = 0. Zvichienderana nemuenzaniso waBernoulli, kumanikidzwa panzvimbo iyi\({p}_{o}\) kunogutsa:
apo \({u}_{o}\) iri kumhanya kwemvura pedyo nemadziro etsvimbo pa θ = 0, uye tinofungidzira kurasikirwa kudiki kusingadzoreki. Cherechedza kuti kumanikidzwa kwesimba kwakazvimirira muchirevo chesimba rekinetic. Kana \({u}_{o}\) isina chinhu (kureva mamiriro asina kumira), nhamba dzeEuler dzinofanira kunge dzakabatana. Zvisinei, zvinogona kuonekwa muMufananidzo 4 kuti pa \(\theta =0\) mhedzisiro \({Eu}_{w}\) iri pedyo asi kwete yakaenzana neiyi kukosha, kunyanya kune ma dip angles akakura. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kumhanya pamusoro petsvimbo hakunyangarike pa \(\theta =0\), izvo zvinogona kudzvinyirirwa nekutsauka kwepamusoro kwemitsara iripo inogadzirwa nekutsvedza kwetsvimbo. Sezvo kuyerera kwakaganhurirwa kumusoro nepasi pechikamu chekuyedza, kutsauka uku kunofanira kugadzira kudzokorora kwechipiri, kuwedzera kumhanya kweaxial pasi uye kuderedza kumhanya kwepamusoro. Tichifunga kuti hukuru hwekutsauka kuri pamusoro apa ndiko kuratidzwa kwekukurumidza kwekupinda pashaft (kureva \({u}_{i}\mathrm{cos}\alpha \)), mhedzisiro yenhamba yeEuler inoenderana ndeiyi:
Mufananidzo 5 unoenzanisa maequation.(3) Unoratidza kubvumirana kwakanaka nedata rekuyedza rinoenderana. Avhareji yekutsauka yaive 25%, uye chiyero chekuvimba chaive 95%. Cherechedza kuti equation.(3) Zvichienderana nepfungwa yekuzvimiririra. Saizvozvowo, Mufananidzo 6 unoratidza kuti nhamba yeEuler inoenderana nekumanikidzwa kuri pamusoro pekumashure kwetsvimbo, \({p}_{180}\), uye pakubuda kwechikamu chekuyedza, \({p}_{e}\), Zvakare inotevera trend inoenderana ne \({\mathrm{sin}}^{2}\alpha \) .Muzviitiko zvese izvi, zvisinei, coefficient inoenderana nedhayamita yetsvimbo, iyo inonzwisisika sezvo yekupedzisira inosarudza nzvimbo yakavharirwa.Chinhu ichi chakafanana nekudonha kwekumanikidzwa kweplate ye orifice, uko nzira yekuyerera inoderedzwa zvishoma panzvimbo dzakatarwa.Muchikamu chino chekuyedza, basa re orifice rinotambwa nemukana uri pakati petsvimbo.Muchiitiko ichi, kumanikidzwa kunodonha zvakanyanya pakutenderera uye kunodzoka zvishoma sezvakunowedzera kumashure. Tichifunga nezvemuganho se kuvharika kwakatarisana netambo yetsvimbo, kudonha kwekumanikidzwa pakati pepamberi neshure kwetsvimbo kunogona kunyorwa se18:
apo \({c}_{d}\) iri drag coefficient inotsanangura kudzoreredzwa kwepressure pakati peθ = 90° naθ = 180°, uye \({A}_{m}\) uye \ ({A}_{f}\) ndiyo minimum free cross-section per unit length per per perpendicular to the rod axis, uye hukama hwayo ne rod diameter iri \({A}_{f}/{A}_{m}=\ ​​Left (g+d\right)/g\). Nhamba dzeEuler dzinoenderana ndidzo:
Nhamba yeWall Euler pa \(\theta =0\) sebasa rekudzikisa. Iyi curve inoenderana ne equation.(3). Yakagadzirwa neGnuplot 5.4, www.gnuplot.info.
Nhamba yeWall Euler inochinja, mu \(\theta =18{0}^{o}\) (chiratidzo chakazara) uye kubuda (chiratidzo chisina chinhu) ne dip. Ma curves aya anoenderana nepfungwa yekuzvimirira, kureva \(Eu\propto {\mathrm{sin}}^{2}\alpha \). Yakagadzirwa neGnuplot 5.4, www.gnuplot.info.
Mufananidzo 7 unoratidza kuvimba kwe \({Eu}_{0-180}/{\mathrm{sin}}^{2}\alpha \) pa \(d/g\), zvichiratidza kugadzikana kwakanaka.(5). Kudhonza kwakawanikwa kuri \({c}_{d}=1.28\pm 0.02\) nechiyero chechivimbo che67%. Saizvozvowo, girafu imwecheteyo inoratidzawo kuti kudonha kwesimba rese pakati pekupinda nekunze kwechikamu chebvunzo kunotevera maitiro akafanana, asi nema coefficient akasiyana anofunga nezvekudzoreredzwa kwesimba munzvimbo yekumashure pakati pebhawa nekunze kwechiteshi. Kudhonza kwakafanana kuri \({c}_{d}=1.00\pm 0.05\) nechiyero chechivimbo che67%.
Kudhonza kwacho kwakabatana nekudonha kwesimba kwesimba (d/g) pamberi nepashure petsvimbo (rod) ((\left({Eu}_{0-180}\right)) uye kudonha kwesimba kwesimba rese pakati pekupinda kwechiteshi nepakubuda. Nzvimbo yegrey ndiyo bhendi rekuvimba re67% rekubatana. Yakagadzirwa neGnuplot 5.4, www.gnuplot.info.
Kumanikidzwa kushoma \({p}_{90}\) pamusoro petsvimbo paθ = 90° kunoda kugadziriswa kwakakosha. Sekureva kweBernoulli's equation, pamwe chete nemutsetse wemagetsi kuburikidza nemukana uri pakati pematanda, kumanikidzwa kuri pakati\({p}_{g}\) uye velocity\({u}_{g}\) mumukana uri pakati pematanda (zvinoenderana nepakati pechiteshi) zvine chekuita nezvinhu zvinotevera:
Kudzvanywa \({p}_{g}\) kunogona kuenderana nekudzvanywa kwepamusoro petsvimbo paθ = 90° nekubatanidza kugoverwa kwekudzvanywa pamusoro pemukana unoparadzanisa tsvimbo yepakati pakati pepakati nemadziro (ona Mufananidzo 8). Kuenzana kwesimba kunopa 19:
apo \(y\) iri coordinate yakajairika kune pamusoro petsvimbo kubva pakati pepakati pemupata uri pakati petsvimbo dzepakati, uye \(K\) ndiyo curvature yemutsetse uripo panzvimbo \(y\).Kuti tiongorore kudzvanywa kwesimba riri pamusoro petsvimbo, tinofunga kuti \({u}_{g}\) yakafanana uye \(K\left(y\right)\) iri linear. Izvi zvakasimbiswa nekuverenga nhamba.Pamadziro etsvimbo, curvature inosarudzwa nechikamu che ellipse chetsvimbo pakona \(\alpha \), kureva \(K\left(g/2\right)=\left(2/d\right){\ mathrm{sin} }^{2}\alpha \) (ona Mufananidzo 8). Zvadaro, maererano ne curvature ye streamline iri kupera pa \(y=0\) nekuda kwe symmetry, curvature pa universal coordinate \(y\) inopiwa na:
Ratidza maonero akapatsanurwa, kumberi (kuruboshwe) uye kumusoro (pasi). Yakagadzirwa neMicrosoft Word 2019,
Kune rumwe rutivi, nekuchengetedza huremu, avhareji yekukurumidza mundege yakatarisana nekuyerera panzvimbo yekuyera \(\langle {u}_{g}\rangle \) ine chekuita nekumhanya kwekupinda:
apo \({A}_{i}\) iri nzvimbo yekuyerera kwemvura inoyambuka panopinda muchiteshi uye \({A}_{g}\) iri nzvimbo yekuyerera kwemvura inoyambuka panzvimbo yekuyerwa (ona Mufananidzo 8) zvichiteerana na :
Cherechedza kuti \({u}_{g}\) haina kuenzana na \(\langle {u}_{g}\rangle \). Kutaura zvazviri, Mufananidzo 9 unoratidza chiyero chekumhanya \({u}_{g}/\langle {u}_{g}\rangle \), chakaverengerwa ne equation.(10)–(14), chakanyorwa zvichienderana nechiyero \(d/g\). Pasinei nekusiyana, trend inogona kuzivikanwa, iyo inofungidzirwa ne second-order polynomial:
Chiyero chemajini makuru\({u}_{g}\) uye avhareji\(\langle {u}_{g}\rangle \) echikamu chepakati chechiteshi\(.\) Makove akasimba uye ane dhadha anoenderana nemaequation.(5) uye kusiyana kwehuwandu hwema coefficients anoenderana\(\pm 25\%\). Yakagadzirwa neGnuplot 5.4, www.gnuplot.info.
Mufananidzo 10 unoenzanisa \({Eu}_{90}\) nemigumisiro yekuyedza ye equation.(16). Avhareji yekuchinjana kwehukama yaive 25%, uye chiyero chekuvimba chaive 95%.
Nhamba yeWall Euler iri pa \(\theta ={90}^{o}\). Iyi curve inoenderana ne equation.(16). Yakagadzirwa neGnuplot 5.4, www.gnuplot.info.
Simba remagetsi \({f}_{n}\) rinoshanda patsvimbo yepakati yakatarisana neaxis yayo rinogona kuverengerwa nekubatanidza kumanikidzwa pamusoro petsvimbo seizvi:
apo coefficient yekutanga iri kureba kwetsvimbo mukati mechiteshi, uye kubatanidzwa kunoitwa pakati pe0 ne2π.
Kuonekwa kwe \({f}_{n}\) munzira yekuyerera kwemvura kunofanirwa kuenzana nekumanikidzwa kuri pakati pekupinda nekubuda kwemugero, kunze kwekunge kukweshana kwakafanana netsvimbo uye kudiki nekuda kwekukura kusina kukwana kwechikamu chekupedzisira. Kuyerera kwesimba hakuna kuenzana. Nokudaro,
Mufananidzo 11 unoratidza girafu yemaequation.(20) yakaratidza kubvumirana kwakanaka kune ese mamiriro ekuyedza. Zvisinei, pane kutsauka kudiki kwe8% kurudyi, uko kunogona kuverengerwa uye kushandiswa sekufungidzira kwekusawirirana kwesimba pakati pekupinda kwechiteshi nekunze.
Kuenzana kwesimba rechiteshi. Mutsetse wacho unoenderana ne equation.(20). Pearson correlation coefficient yaive 0.97. Yakagadzirwa neGnuplot 5.4, www.gnuplot.info.
Zvichichinja kona yekutsvedza kwetsvimbo, kudzvanywa pamadziro etsvimbo uye kudonha kwekudzvanywa mugwara rine mitsetse yakachinjika yetsvimbo ina dzakatenderedza dzakayerwa. Masangano matatu akasiyana etsvimbo akaedzwa. Muhuwandu hwenhamba dzeReynolds dzakaedzwa, pakati pe2500 ne6500, nhamba yeEuler haina chekuita nekuyerera kwemvura. Kudzvanywa pamusoro petsvimbo yepakati kunotevera maitiro akajairika anoonekwa mumasilinda, ari epamusoro pamberi uye epasi pamuganhu wepadivi pakati petsvimbo, achidzoka kumashure nekuda kwekuparadzaniswa kwemiganhu.
Ruzivo rwekuyedza rwunoongororwa uchishandisa pfungwa dzekuchengetedza simba uye ongororo dzakaita semi-empirical kuti uwane nhamba dzisingachinji dzisina divi dzinobatanidza nhamba dzeEuler nehukuru hwemachannel netsvimbo. Zvese zvinhu zvejometrical zvekuvhara zvinomiririrwa zvizere nechiyero chiri pakati pedhayamita yetsvimbo nemukaha uri pakati petsvimbo (laterally) nekukwirira kwetsvimbo (vertical).
Pfungwa yekuzvimirira inowanikwa kuti inoshanda kune akawanda manhamba eEuler anoratidza kumanikidzwa panzvimbo dzakasiyana, kureva kuti kana kumanikidzwa kusina chiyero uchishandisa projection ye inlet velocity yakajairika kune tsvimbo, seti yacho haina chekuita ne dip angle. Pamusoro pezvo, chimiro ichi chine chekuita nehuremu uye momentum yekuyerera. Ma conservation equations anowirirana uye anotsigira pfungwa iri pamusoro apa. Kumanikidzwa kwenzvimbo yetsvimbo chete pamukana uri pakati petsvimbo kunotsauka zvishoma kubva panheyo iyi. Dimensionless semi-empirical correlations inogadzirwa inogona kushandiswa kugadzira zvishandiso zvakafanana zve hydraulic. Iyi nzira yekare inoenderana nekushandiswa kwakafanana kwakataurwa munguva pfupi yapfuura kweBernoulli equation kune hydraulics uye hemodynamics20,21,22,23,24.
Mhedzisiro inonakidza zvikuru inobva mukuongorora kudonha kwekumanikidzwa pakati pekupinda nekubuda kwechikamu chebvunzo. Mukati mekusava nechokwadi kwekuyedza, chiyero chekudhonza chinobuda chakaenzana nekubatana, izvo zvinoratidza kuvapo kwezvikamu zvinotevera zvisingachinji:
Cherechedza saizi \(\left(d/g+2\right)d/g\) mu denominator ye equation.(23) ndiyo hukuru huri mumabhureki mu equation.(4), zvikasadaro inogona kuverengerwa ne minimum uye free cross-section perpendicular kune rod, \({A}_{m}\) uye \({A}_{f}\). Izvi zvinoratidza kuti nhamba dzaReynolds dzinofungidzirwa kuti dzinoramba dziri mukati menguva yekudzidza kwazvino (40,000-67,000 yemachaneli uye 2500-6500 yemarodhi). Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kana paine musiyano wetembiricha mukati mechannel, zvinogona kukanganisa density yemvura. Muchiitiko ichi, shanduko yehuwandu munhamba yeEuler inogona kufungidzirwa nekuwedzera thermal expansion coefficient nemusiyano wetembiricha unotarisirwa.
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