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Kuva amaraso mu buryo butagenzuwe ni imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zitera urupfu. Kugera ku gucika kw'amaraso mu buryo bwihuse bitanga icyizere cyo kubaho k'umuntu nk'ubutabazi bw'ibanze mu gihe cy'imirwano, impanuka zo mu muhanda, no kugabanya impfu. Itsinda ry'ibikoresho byo gucika kw'amaraso mu buryo butinjiza umugozi (NFRCS) rikomoka ku buryo bworoshye bwo gukora filime yo mu bwoko bwa hemostatic (HFC) nk'icyiciro gikomeza bishobora gutera no kongera gucika kw'amaraso mu buryo burambye. Iterambere rya NFRCS rishingiye ku gishushanyo cy'ibaba ry'umukara. Imiterere y'ibaba ry'umukara igizwe n'amababa arambuye n'amaremare, kandi uturemangingo tw'amababa dufatanye kugira ngo dukomeze ubuziranenge bw'imiterere mito. HFCC ipfuka ubuso bw'umukara mu buryo bumwe n'agace k'ubugari bwa nanometer kandi ihuza ubunini bw'ipamba ikwirakwizwa mu buryo butaziguye (Ct) (icyiciro gitatanye) kugira ngo ikore imiterere yo gucika kw'amaraso mu buryo butinjiza umugozi. Guhuza ibice bikomeza n'ibitatanye bigabanya ikiguzi cy'umusaruro inshuro icumi ugereranije n'ibicuruzwa biboneka ku isoko. NFRCS zahinduwe (tampons cyangwa imikandara yo ku kuboko) zishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye bwo mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu mubiri bwagaragaje ko Cp NFRCS yakozwe itera kandi ikanoza inzira yo gufungana aho ikoreshwa. NFRCS ishobora guhindura ibidukikije no gukora ku rwego rw'uturemangingo bitewe n'imiterere yayo ya nanoporous bigatuma ibikomere bikira neza mu buryo bwo gusohora ibikomere.
Kuva amaraso mu buryo butagenzuwe mu gihe cy'imirwano, mu gihe cyo kubagwa no mu bihe byihutirwa bishobora guteza akaga gakomeye ku buzima bw'abakomeretse1. Izi ndwara ziyongera ku kwiyongera k'ubudahangarwa bw'imitsi yo mu mpande, bigatera ihungabana ry'amaraso. Ingamba zikwiye zo kugenzura kuva amaraso mu gihe cyo kubagwa na nyuma yo kubagwa zifatwa nk'izishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga2,3. Kwangirika kw'imitsi minini bitera gutakaza amaraso menshi, bigatuma igipimo cy'urupfu kigera kuri ≤ 50% mu ntambara na 31% mu gihe cyo kubagwa1. Gutakaza amaraso menshi bitera kugabanuka k'ingano y'umubiri, bigagabanya umuvuduko w'umutima. Ukwiyongera k'ubudahangarwa bw'imitsi yo mu mpande no kugabanuka k'imitsi yo mu mpande bitera kugabanuka k'amaraso mu ngingo zifasha ubuzima. Ihungabana ry'amaraso rishobora kubaho iyo indwara ikomeje nta gikorwa gifatika1,4,5. Izindi ngorane zirimo kwiyongera kwa hypothermia na metabolic acidosis, hamwe n'indwara yo kugabanya amaraso ibangamira inzira yo kugabanya amaraso. Ihungabana rikomeye ry'amaraso rifitanye isano n'ibyago byinshi byo gupfa6,7,8. Mu ihungabana ry'ubwoko bwa gatatu (rikomeza), guterwa amaraso ni ingenzi kugira ngo umurwayi akomeze kubaho mu gihe cyo kubagwa no nyuma yo kubagwa. Kugira ngo dutsinde ibi byose byavuzwe haruguru bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, twakoze urwego rw’ibice binini bya fibre reinforced composite scaffold (NFRCS) rukoresha polymeri nkeya (0.5%) hakoreshejwe uruvange rwa polymeri zishonga mu mazi.
Hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kongera imbaraga mu migozi, hashobora gukorwa ibikoresho bihendutse. Imigozi itunganyijwe mu buryo butunguranye isa n'imiterere y'ibaba ry'ikiyoka, iringanijwe n'imirongo itambitse n'ihagaze ku mababa. Imitsi y'ibaba inyuranamo n'imirongo miremire y'ibaba ikorana n'urukiramende rw'ibaba (Ishusho ya 1). NFRCS igizwe na Ct ikomeye nk'urwego rwo hejuru rufite imbaraga zifatika n'ingufu (Ishusho ya 1). Bitewe n'ubushobozi n'ubuhanga, abaganga b'inzobere mu kubaga bakunda gukoresha ibipimo by'imigozi y'ipamba (Ct) mu gihe cyo kubaga no kubambika. Bityo, ukurikije ibyiza byinshi byayo, harimo na cellulose ya crystalline ingana na > 90% (itanga mu kongera imikorere ya hemostatic), Ct yakoreshejwe nk'urusobe rw'amagufwa rwa NFRCS9,10. Bityo, ukurikije ibyiza byinshi byayo, harimo na cellulose ya crystalline ingana na > 90% (itanga mu kongera imikorere ya hemostatic), Ct yakoreshejwe nk'urusobe rw'amagufwa rwa NFRCS9,10. Следовательно, ситывая его многочисленные преимущества, в том числе> 90% кристаллической ц чюлозы (планаствует в повшенении гемостатической винности) Kubera iyo mpamvu, bitewe n'inyungu nyinshi ifite, harimo na cellulose ya crystalline iri hejuru ya 90% (igira uruhare mu kongera ibikorwa byo gusohora amaraso), Ct yakoreshejwe nk'urusobe rw'amagufwa rwa NFRCS9,10.因此，考虑到它的多重益处，包括> 90% 的结晶纤维素（有助于增强止血活性）， Ct 被用作 NFRCS9,10 的骨架系统。因此，考虑到它的多重益处，包括> 90%Kubera iyo mpamvu, bitewe n'inyungu nyinshi ifite, harimo na cellulose irenga 90% ya crystalline (ifasha kongera imikorere ya hemostatic), Ct yakoreshejwe nk'igisenge cya NFRCS9,10.Ct yari yasizwe hejuru (yagaragaye ko hari imiterere y’urukiramende rufite ubugari bwa nano) kandi ihuzwa n’imiterere y’urukiramende rufite ubugari bwa nano (HFC). HFCC ikora nka matrigel, ifata Ct ishyizwe hamwe mu buryo butunguranye. Igishushanyo cyakozwe cyohereza stress mu gice gitatanye (imigozi ikomeza). Biragoye kubona imiterere y’urukiramende ifite imbaraga nziza za mekanike hakoreshejwe polymer nkeya. Byongeye kandi, ntabwo byoroshye guhindura ibumba zitandukanye kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu buryo butandukanye.
Ishusho yerekana igishushanyo mbonera cya NFRCS gishingiye ku miterere y'ibaba ry'umukara (A). Iyi shusho igaragaza ikigereranyo cy'imiterere y'ibaba ry'umukara (imitsi ihurirana n'imitsi miremire y'ibaba ifitanye isano) hamwe na fotokopi ya Cp NFRCS (B). Ishusho ya NFRCS igaragara mu buryo bw'ishusho.
NFRCs zakozwe hakoreshejwe HFCC nk'icyiciro gihoraho kugira ngo hakemurwe ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru. HFCC igizwe na polimeri zitandukanye zikora hemostatic zirimo chitosan (nk'polymer nyamukuru ya hemostatic) hamwe na methylcellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC 50 cp) na polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) (125 kDa) nk'polimeri ishyigikira ikorwa rya thrombus. Kongeramo polyvinylpyrrolidine K30 (PVP K30) byanogeje ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza ubushuhe bwa NFRCS. Polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) yongewemo kugira ngo inoze polymer crosslinking mu mvange za polimeri zifatanye. Ibigize HFCC hemostatic bitatu bitandukanye (Cm HFCC, Ch HFCC na Cp HFCC), aribyo chitosan hamwe na MC (Cm), chitosan hamwe na HPMC (Ch), na chitosan hamwe na PVA (Cp), byashyizwe kuri Ct. Inyigo zitandukanye zo kuvura indwara mu buryo bwa "in vitro" na "in vivo" zemeje ko NFRCS ivura indwara zo mu maraso n'izikomoka ku bikomere. Ibikoresho bivanze bitangwa na NFRCS bishobora gukoreshwa mu guhindura ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibikoresho byo gukata kugira ngo bihuze n'ibyo umuntu akeneye.
Byongeye kandi, NFRCS ishobora guhindurwa nk'igitambaro cyangwa umupfundikizo kugira ngo ipfuke igice cyose cy'imvune zo hasi n'ibindi bice by'umubiri. By'umwihariko ku bikomere byo ku maguru yo mu ntambara, igishushanyo cya NFRCS cyakozwe gishobora guhindurwa kikaba igice cy'ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru kose (Ishusho y'inyongera S11). NFRCS ishobora gukorwamo umukandara wo ku kuboko ukoresheje kole y'inyama, ishobora gukoreshwa mu guhagarika kuva amaraso aturutse ku bikomere bikomeye byo kwiyahura ku kuboko. Intego yacu nyamukuru ni ugukora NFRCS ifite polymer nke ishoboka ishobora gutangwa ku baturage benshi (munsi y'umurongo w'ubukene) kandi ishobora gushyirwa mu gikoresho cy'ubutabazi bw'ibanze. Imiterere yoroheje, ikora neza, kandi ihendutse, NFRCS ifitiye akamaro abaturage bo mu gace kandi ishobora kugira ingaruka ku isi hose.
Chitosan (uburemere bwa molekyuli 80 kDa) na amaranth byaguzwe muri Merck, mu Buhinde. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 50 Cp, polyethylene glycol 400 na methylcellulose byaguzwe muri Loba Chemie Pvt. LLC, Mumbai. Polyvinyl alcohol (uburemere bwa molekyuli 125 kDa) (87-90% yakuwemo hydrolyzed) yaguzwe muri National Chemicals, Gujarat. Polyvinylpyrrolidine K30 yaguzwe muri Molychem, Mumbai, swabs za steril zaguzwe muri Ramaraju Surgery Cotton Mills Ltd., Tamil Nadu, hamwe n'amazi ya Milli Q (Direct-Q3 water cleansing system, Merck, mu Buhinde) nk'umuyoboro.
NFRCS yakozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa lyophilization11,12. Ibikoresho byose bya HFCC (Imbonerahamwe ya 1) byateguwe hakoreshejwe icyuma gikangura. Tegura umuti wa chitosan wa 0.5% ukoresheje aside asetiki 1% mu mazi ukomeza kuvanga kuri 800 rpm ku gikangura. Uburemere nyabwo bwa polymer yuzuye bugaragazwa mu Imbonerahamwe ya 1 bwongewe ku gisubizo cya chitosan hanyuma buvangwa kugeza habonetse umuti wa polymer usobanutse. PVP K30 na PEG 400 byongewe ku mvange yavuyemo mu ngano yagaragajwe mu Imbonerahamwe ya 1, kandi bikomeza kuvanga kugeza habonetse umuti wa polymer usobanutse neza. Ubwogero bwa polymer bwavuyemo bwashyizwe mu cyuma mu minota 60 kugira ngo ukuremo uduce tw’umwuka twafashwe mu mvange ya polymer. Nk’uko bigaragara mu Ishusho y’inyongera S1 (b), Ct yakwirakwijwe neza muri buri mwobo w’isahani y’amabati 6 (ibumba) yiyongereyeho 5 ml ya HFCC.
Isahani y'ibice bitandatu yashyizwe mu cyuma mu gihe cy'iminota 60 kugira ngo HFFC itose neza kandi ikwirakwizwe mu buryo bumwe mu rusobe rwa Ct. Hanyuma isahani y'ibice bitandatu ikonjeshwa kuri -20°C mu gihe cy'amasaha 8-12. Isahani zo gukonjesha zashyizwe mu cyuma mu gihe cy'amasaha 48 kugira ngo haboneke imiterere itandukanye ya NFRCS. Ubu buryo bumwe bukoreshwa mu gukora imiterere n'imiterere itandukanye, nka tampons cyangwa tampons z'umuzenguruko, cyangwa indi miterere iyo ari yo yose ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye.
Chitosan ipimwa neza (80 kDa) (3%) ishongeshwa muri aside asetiki ya 1% hakoreshejwe icyuma gikurura imirasire. Ku gisubizo cyavuyemo cya chitosan hongewemo 1% PEG 400 hanyuma bivangwa mu minota 30. Suka umuti wavuyemo mu gikoresho gifite kare cyangwa cy'urukiramende hanyuma ubishyire muri firigo kuri -80°C mu gihe cy'amasaha 12. Ingero zakonjeshejwe zashyizwemo lyophil mu gihe cy'amasaha 48 kugira ngo haboneke Cs13 ifite imyenge.
NFRCS yakozwe yakorewe igerageza hakoreshejwe Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (Shimadzu 8400 s FTIR, Tokyo, Ubuyapani) kugira ngo hemezwe ko chitosan ihuye n'izindi polymers14,15. Spektara ya FTIR (ubugari bw'urusobe rwa spectra kuva kuri cm 400 kugeza 4000) by'ibipimo byose byapimwe byabonetse hakoreshejwe isuzuma 32.
Igipimo cyo kwinjiza amaraso (BAR) ku miti yose cyapimwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwasobanuwe na Chen et al. 16 hamwe n'impinduka nto. Ingano ya NFRKs yakozwe y'imiti yose yumishijwe mu itanura ridafite umwuka kuri 105°C nijoro kugira ngo hakureho umuti usigaye. 30 mg NFRCS (uburemere bw'icyitegererezo cya mbere - W0) na 30 mg Ct (igenzura ryiza) byashyizwe mu masahani atandukanye arimo uruvange rwa 3.8% bya sodium citrate. Mu gihe cyagenwe, ni ukuvuga amasegonda 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 na 60, NFRCS zakuweho maze ubuso bwazo busukurwa amaraso atanyowe binyuze mu gushyira ingero kuri Ct mu masegonda 30. Uburemere bwa nyuma bw'amaraso yanyowe na NFRCS 16 bwarebwe (W1) kuri buri gihe. Barura ijanisha rya BAR ukoresheje formula ikurikira:
Igihe cyo kuvura amaraso (BCT) cyagenwe nk'uko byatangajwe na Wang et al. 17. Igihe gisabwa kugira ngo amaraso yose (amaraso y'imbeba avanzwe na sodium citrate 3.8%) apfunde imbere ya NFRCS cyabazwe nk'icyitegererezo cy'ikizamini. Ibice bitandukanye bya NFRCS (30 mg) byashyizwe mu ducupa twa mililitiro 10 two gupfundikiraho screw hanyuma bishyirwa kuri dogere selisiyusi 37. Amaraso (0.5 ml) yongewe mu gacupa maze hongerwamo mililitiro 0.3 za 0.2 M CaCl2 kugira ngo amaraso apfunde neza. Amaherezo, hindura agacupa buri masegonda 15 (kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 180) kugeza igihe habayeho kuvura gukomeye. BCT y'icyitegererezo igereranywa n'umubare wa flips vails17,18. Hashingiwe kuri BCT, hatoranijwe imiterere ibiri myiza ya NFRCS Cm, Ch na Cp kugira ngo hakorwe inyigo zirambuye.
BCT y'ibice bya Ch NFRCS na Cp NFRCS byagenwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwasobanuwe na Li et al. 19. Shyira 15 x 15 mm2 Ch NFRCS, Cp NFRCS, na Cs (gupima neza) mu masahani atandukanye ya Petri (37 °C). Amaraso arimo citrate ya sodium 3.8% yavanzwe na 0.2 M CaCl2 mu gipimo cya 10:1 cy'ingano kugira ngo hatangire igikorwa cyo kuvura amaraso. 20 µl y'uruvange rw'amaraso y'imbeba ya 0.2 M CaCl2 yashyizwe ku buso bw'icyitegererezo maze ashyirwa mu isahani ya Petri irimo ubusa. Igenzura ryakozwe n'amaraso yasutswe mu masahani ya Petri arimo ubusa nta Ct. Mu gihe runaka cy'iminota 0, 3, na 5, hagarika kuvura amaraso wongeramo 10 ml y'amazi ya deionized (DI) ku gipimo kirimo isahani nta guhungabanya kuvura kw'amaraso. Erithrocyte zitaravangwa (erythrocytes) zinyura mu maraso mu gihe hari amazi ya deionized kandi zigasohora hemoglobin. Hemoglobini mu bihe bitandukanye (HA(t)) yapimwe kuri 540 nm (hemoglobini ya λmax) hakoreshejwe spectrophotometer ya UV-Vis. Uburyo hemoglobine (AH(0)) yinjizwa burundu mu munota wa 0 w'amaraso ya 20 µl muri 10 ml y'amazi yakuwemo iyoni byafashwe nk'igipimo ngenderwaho. Uburyo hemoglobine ifata amaraso yavuyemo (RHA) bwabazwe hashingiwe ku gipimo cya HA(t)/HA(0) hakoreshejwe amaraso amwe.
Hakoreshejwe isesengura ry’imiterere (Texture Pro CT V1.3 Build 15, Brookfield, muri Amerika), hamenyekanye imiterere ya kole ya NFRK ku ngingo zangiritse. Kanda isahani ifunguye ifite uburebure bw’ingurube imbere mu ruhu (nta mavuta arimo). Ingero (Ch NFRCS na Cp NFRCS) zashyizwe mu maforoma ya kole binyuze muri cannula kugira ngo uruhu rw’ingurube rufatanye. Nyuma yo gukubitwa mu minota 3 ku bushyuhe bw’icyumba (RT) (25° C.), imbaraga za kole ya NFRCS zanditswe ku gipimo gihoraho cya 0.5 mm/segonda.
Ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kubaga imiti ifunga amaraso ni ukongera amaraso afungana mu gihe bigabanya amaraso atakaza. Gufungana bidatakaye muri NFRCS byasuzumwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwasohotse mbere bufite impinduka nto 19. Kora umuyoboro wa microcentrifuge (2 ml) (umurambararo w'imbere wa mm 10) ufite umwobo wa 8 × 5 mm2 ku ruhande rumwe rw'umuyoboro wa centrifuge (ugaragaza igisebe gifunguye). NFRCS ikoreshwa mu gufunga umwobo hanyuma kaseti igakoreshwa mu gufunga impande zo hanze. Ongeraho 20 µl ya 0.2 M CaCl2 ku muyoboro wa microcentrifuge urimo 3.8% sodium citrate premix. Nyuma y'iminota 10, imiyoboro ya microcentrifuge yakuwe mu masahani maze ubwiyongere bw'ibirori bugaragazwa bitewe n'uko amaraso yavuye muri NFRK (n = 3). Gutakaza amaraso Ch NFRCS na Cp NFRCS byagereranyijwe na Cs.
Ubuziranenge bwa NFRCS bwagenwe hashingiwe ku buryo bwasobanuwe na Mishra na Chaudhary21 hamwe n'impinduka nto. Shyira NFRCS mu icupa rya Erlenmeyer rya mililitiro 100 hamwe na mililitiro 50 z'amazi hanyuma uzunguruke mu gihe cy'amasegonda 60 nta kintu cyo hejuru kirimo. Isuzuma ry'amaso no gushyira imbere ingero kugira ngo zigenzurwe neza hashingiwe ku byakusanyijwe.
Ingufu zo gufatanya HFCC na Ct zasuzumwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwasohotse mbere hamwe n'impinduka nto. Ubusugire bw'ubuso bwapimwe hakoreshejwe gushyira NFRK ku miraba y'amajwi (igitutu cyo hanze) mu gihe hari amazi ya milliQ (Ct). NFRCS Ch NFRCS na Cp NFRCS byakozwe byashyizwe mu gikombe cyuzuyemo amazi maze bishyirwa mu minota 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, na 30, uko bikurikirana. Nyuma yo kuma, itandukaniro riri hagati y'uburemere bw'ibanze n'ubwa nyuma bwa NFRCS ryakoreshejwe mu kubara igihombo cy'ibikoresho (HFC). BCT yo muri vitro yakomeje gushyigikira imbaraga zo gufatanya cyangwa igihombo cy'ibikoresho byo hejuru. Ubushobozi bwa HFCC bwo gufatanya na Ct butanga amaraso afunganye n'igipfundikizo cyoroshye ku buso bwa Ct22.
Ubumwe bwa NFRCS yakozwe bwagenwe na BCT y'ibipimo (30 mg) byafashwe mu bice rusange byatoranijwe mu buryo butunguranye bya NFRCS. Kurikiza uburyo bwa BCT bwavuzwe mbere kugira ngo umenye ko NFRCS yujuje ibisabwa. Kuba hafi y'ibipimo bitanu byose bitanga umusaruro umwe bituma ubuso bukwirakwira neza kandi HFCC ishyirwa mu muyoboro wa Ct.
Agace k'amaraso gahuriraho (NBCA) kagenwe nk'uko byatangajwe mbere hamwe n'impinduka zimwe na zimwe. Gufunga amaraso ukoresheje 20 µl y'amaraso hagati y'ubuso bubiri bwa Ct, Ch NFRCS, Cp NFRCS na Cs. Nyuma y'isaha 1, ibice bibiri bya stent byaratandukanyijwe maze bipimwa n'intoki ubuso bw'agapfundikizo. Igipimo mpuzandengo cy'isubiramo gatatu cyafashwe nka NBCA NFRCS19.
Isesengura rya Dynamic Vapor Sorption (DVS) ryakoreshejwe mu gusuzuma uburyo NFRCS ikoresha mu gukurura amazi mu bidukikije cyangwa mu gace kangiritse gatuma amazi agwa. DVS isuzuma cyangwa ikandika uburyo umwuka uhuha n'igihombo byayo mu gipimo hakoreshejwe imbaraga za gravimetric hakoreshejwe uburyo bworoshye bwo kugabanya uburemere bufite ubushobozi bwa ± 0.1 µg. Igice cy'umuvuduko w'umwuka (ubushyuhe busanzwe) gitangwa n'igikoresho cy'ikoranabuhanga gipima ubwinshi bw'amazi gikikije icyitegererezo binyuze mu kuvanga imyuka yuzuye n'iy'umuvuduko w'amazi yumye. Nk’uko amabwiriza ya Pharmacopeia y’Uburayi abiteganya, hashingiwe ku ijanisha ry’uburyo amazi yinjira mu bipimo, ingero zashyizwe mu byiciro 4 (0–0.012% w/w− zidahindagurika cyane, 0.2–2% w/w zidahindagurika cyane, 2–15% zihindagurika cyane, na > 15% zihindagurika cyane)23. Nk’uko amabwiriza ya Pharmacopeia y’Uburayi abiteganya, hashingiwe ku ijanisha ry’uburyo amazi yinjira mu bipimo, ingero zashyizwe mu byiciro 4 (0–0.012% w/w− zidahindagurika cyane, 0.2–2% w/w zidahindagurika cyane, 2–15% zihindagurika cyane, na > 15% zihindagurika cyane)23.Dukurikije inama zatanzwe n’ikigo cy’ubucuruzi cy’i Burayi gishinzwe imiti (European Pharmacopoeia), bitewe n’ijanisha ry’uburyo amazi yinjizwa n’ibipimo, ingero zagabanyijwemo ibice 4 (0–0.012% w/w – zidakoresha hygroscopic, 0.2–2% w/w zikoresha hygroscopic gato, 2–15%).% умеренно гигроскопичен и> 15% очень гигроскопичен) 23. % iri hagati ya hygroscopic na > 15% iri hagati ya hygroscopic cyane)23.根据欧洲药典指南，根据样品吸收水分的百分比，样品分为 4 类（ 0-0.012% w / w- 非吸湿性、 0.2-2% w / w 轻微吸湿性、 2-15% 适度吸湿，> 15% 非常吸湿） 23。根据 欧洲 药典 指南 ， 根据 吸收 水分 的 样品 分为 -0 分为 -0 0-0.012% W / w- 吸湿 性 、 、 、 、 0.2-2% W / w 轻微 -15 2-15% 适度 吸湿 ，> 15% 非常吸湿） 23。Dukurikije inama zatanzwe n’ikigo cy’ubucuruzi cy’i Burayi gishinzwe imiti, ingero zigabanyijemo ibice 4 bitewe n’ijanisha ry’ubushuhe bwinjizwa n’icyitegererezo (0-0.012% ukurikije uburemere – butari hygroscopic, 0.2-2% ukurikije uburemere hygroscopic gato, 2-15% ukurikije uburemere).% умеренно гигроскопичен,> 15% очень гигроскопичен) 23. % iri hagati ya hygroscopic, > 15% iri hagati ya hygroscopic cyane) 23.Ubuhanga bwa NFCS X NFCS na TsN NFCS bwakozwe hifashishijwe icyuma gipima DVS TA TGA Q5000 SA. Muri iki gikorwa, igihe cyo gukora, ubushuhe (RH), n'uburemere bw'icyitegererezo mu gihe nyacyo kuri 25°C24 byarabonetse. Ubushuhe bubarwa hakoreshejwe isesengura ry'uburemere rya NFRCS ryizewe hakoreshejwe ikigereranyo gikurikira:
MC ni ubushuhe bwa NFRCS. m1 - uburemere bwumutse bwa NSAIDs. m2 ni uburemere bwa NFRCS bw'igihe nyacyo kuri RH runaka.
Ubuso bwose bwapimwe hakoreshejwe igerageza ryo kugabanya azote hakoreshejwe azote y’amazi nyuma yo gusuka ingero kuri 25 °C mu gihe cy’amasaha 10 (< 7 × 10–3 Torr). Ubuso bwose bwapimwe hakoreshejwe igerageza ryo kugabanya azote hakoreshejwe azote y’amazi nyuma yo gusuka ingero kuri 25 °C mu gihe cy’amasaha 10 (< 7 × 10–3 Torr). Общая площадь поверхности оценивалась с помощужимента по ад абции азота жидким азотом после о Жожнения оццов при 25 ° С в течение 10 ч (<7 × 10–3 tutр). Ubuso bwose bwapimwe hakoreshejwe igerageza ryo kugabanya azote hakoreshejwe azote y’amazi nyuma y’uko ingero zisutswe kuri 25°C mu gihe cy’amasaha 10 (< 7 × 10–3 Torr).在 25 ° C 清空样品 10 小时（ <7 × 10-3 Torr ）后，使用液氮的氮吸附实验估计总表面积。在 25 ° C. Общая площадь поверхности оценивалась с использованием мовов по ад абции азота жидким азотом после о ожожнения оццов в течение 10 часов при 25 ° C (<7 × 10-3 торр). Ubuso bwose bwapimwe hakoreshejwe igerageza ryo kwinjiza azote hakoreshejwe azote y’amazi nyuma y’uko ingero zisutswe mu masaha 10 kuri 25°C (< 7 x 10-3 torr).Ubuso bwose, ingano y'imyenge n'ingano y'imyenge ya NFRCS byapimwe hakoreshejwe Quantachrome yavuye muri NOVA 1000e, muri Otirishiya hakoreshejwe porogaramu ya RS 232.
Tegura 5% by'amaraso atukura (umunyu nk'umunyu) mu maraso yose. Hanyuma ohereza akantu gato ka HFCC (0.25 ml) ku isahani y'amazi 96 n'uburemere bwa 5% by'amaraso atukura (0.1 ml). Shyira uruvange kuri 37°C mu gihe cy'iminota 40. Uruvange rw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso na serum byafashwe nk'uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura, n'uruvange rw'uturemangingo twa saline n'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso nk'uburyo bubi bwo kugenzura. Hemagglutination yagenwe hakurikijwe igipimo cya Stajitzky. Ibipimo byatanzwe ni ibi bikurikira: + + + + ibice by'umusemburo binini; + + + ibice byo hasi byoroshye bifite impande zigoramye; + + ibice byo hasi byoroshye bifite impande zacitse; + impeta z'umutuku zito zikikije impande z'ibice byoroshye; - (negative) akabuto gatukura ka 12 hagati mu iriba ryo hepfo.
Uburyo bwo guhuza amaraso ya NFRCS bwigwa hakurikijwe uburyo bw’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga Ushinzwe Ubuziranenge (ISO) (ISO10993-4, 1999)26,27. Uburyo bwa gravimetric bwasobanuwe na Singh et al. Hakozwe impinduka nto kugira ngo hamenyekane imiterere ya thrombus mu gihe hari cyangwa ku buso bwa NFRCS. 500 mg ya Cs, Ch NFRCS na Cp NFRCS byashyizwe muri saline ya phosphate buffered (PBS) mu gihe cy'amasaha 24 kuri 37°C. Nyuma y'amasaha 24, PBS yarakuweho maze NFRCS ivurwa na ml 2 z'amaraso arimo 3.8% sodium citrate. Ku buso bwa NFRCS, ongeramo 0.04 ml ya 0.1 M CaCl2 ku bipimo byashyizwemo. Nyuma y'iminota 45, hongewemo ml 5 z'amazi yaciwe kugira ngo ahagarike gufungana. Amaraso yashyizwe ku buso bwa NFRK yavuwe na formaldehyde ya 36-38%. Udukoko twafashwe na formaldehyde twumishijwe kandi twapimwe. Ijanisha rya thrombosis ryapimwe hashingiwe ku kubara uburemere bw'ikirahure kidafite amaraso n'icyitegererezo (negative control) n'ikirahure gifite amaraso (positive control).
Nk’ishingiro ry’ibanze, ingero zashushanyijwe hakoreshejwe mikorosikopi y’urumuri kugira ngo zisobanukirwe ubushobozi bw’ubuso bwa HFCC, Ct ihujwe, n’urusobe rwa Ct mu gukora imyenge. Ibice bito bya Ch na Cp bivuye muri NFRCS byaciwe hakoreshejwe icyuma gifata icyuma. Igice cyavuyemo cyashyizwe ku kirahuri, gitwikiriwe n’agapfundikizo, hanyuma impande zishyirwaho kole. Uduce twateguwe twarebwe hakoreshejwe mikorosikopi y’urumuri kandi amafoto yafashwe mu buryo butandukanye.
Gushyira polymer mu miyoboro ya Ct byagaragajwe hakoreshejwe mikorosikopi ya fluorescence hashingiwe ku buryo bwasobanuwe na Rice et al.29. Imiterere ya HFCC yakoreshejwe muri iyo mvange yavanze n'irangi ry'urumuri (amaranth), maze NFRCS (Ch & Cp) itegurwa hakurikijwe uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru. Imiterere ya HFCC yakoreshejwe muri iyo mvange yavanze n'irangi ry'urumuri (amaranth), maze NFRCS (Ch & Cp) itegurwa hakurikijwe uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru.Ibigize HFCC byakoreshejwe mu gushushanya byavanzwe n'irangi ry'urumuri (amaranth) maze NFRCS (Ch na Cp) iboneka hakurikijwe uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru.将用于配方的 HFFC 组合物与荧光染料（苋菜）混合，并按照前面提到的方法制备 NFRCS （Ch & Cp ）。将用于配方的 HFFC 组合物与荧光染料（苋菜）混合，并按照前面提到的方法制备 NFRCS （Ch & Cp ）。Imiterere ya HFCC yakoreshejwe muri iyi mvange yavanze n'irangi ry'urumuri (Amaranth) maze ihabwa NFRCS (Ch na Cp), nk'uko byavuzwe mbere.Ibice bito bya NFRK byaciwe mu bipimo byabonetse, bishyirwa ku birahuri, hanyuma bitwikirwa n'udupfundikizo. Reba udupfundikizo twateguwe munsi ya mikorosikopi y'urumuri hakoreshejwe akayunguruzo k'icyatsi kibisi (310-380 nm). Amashusho yafashwe ku gipimo cya 4x kugira ngo hubahirizwe isano ya Ct n'ubwinshi bwa polymer mu muyoboro wa Ct.
Imiterere y'ubuso bwa NFRCS Ch na Cp yapimwe hakoreshejwe mikorosikopi y'imbaraga za atomiki (AFM) ifite icyuma cya TESP gikaraga cyane mu buryo bwo gukubita: 42 N/m, 320 kHz, ROC 2-5 nm, Bruker, Taiwan. Ubukana bw'ubuso bwapimwe hakoreshejwe kare kare y'umuzi (RMS) hakoreshejwe porogaramu (Scanning Probe Image Processor). Ahantu hatandukanye ha NFRCS hagaragajwe ku mashusho ya 3D kugira ngo harebwe niba ubuso bungana. Itandukaniro risanzwe ry'amanota ku gace runaka risobanurwa nk'ubukana bw'ubuso. Igereranya rya RMS ryakoreshejwe mu gupima ubukana bw'ubuso bwa NFRCS31.
Ubushakashatsi bushingiye kuri FESEM bwakozwe hakoreshejwe FESEM, SU8000, HI-0876-0003, Hitachi, Tokyo, kugira ngo bumve imiterere y’ubuso bwa Ch NFRCS na Cp NFRCS, byagaragaje BCT nziza kurusha Cm NFRCS. Ubushakashatsi bwa FESEM bwakozwe hakurikijwe uburyo bwasobanuwe na Zhao et al. 32 hamwe n’impinduka nto. NFRCS 20 kugeza kuri 30 mg Ch NFRCS na Cp NFRCS byavanzwe mbere na 20 µl ya sodium citrate 3.8% yavanzwe mbere n’amaraso y’imbeba. 20 μl ya 0.2 M CaCl2 yongewe ku bipimo byavuwe mu maraso kugira ngo bitangire gufungana maze ingero zishyirwa ku bushyuhe bw’icyumba mu gihe cy’iminota 10. Byongeye kandi, erythrocytes nyinshi zakuwe ku buso bwa NFRCS hifashishijwe saline.
Ingero zakurikiyeho zavuwe na 0.1% glutaraldehyde hanyuma ziyumishwa mu itanura rishyushye kuri 37°C kugira ngo haveho ubushuhe. Ingero zumye zasizweho kandi zisesengurwa 32. Andi mashusho yabonetse mu isesengura ni ukwirema kw'ibice ku buso bw'imyenda y'ipamba, gushyira polymer hagati ya Ct, imiterere ya erythrocyte (imiterere), ubuziranenge bw'ibice, n'imiterere ya erythrocyte imbere ya NFRCS. Uduce twa NFRCS tutavuwe n'uduce twa NFRCS twavuwe na Ch na Cp twakuwemo amaraso byasuzumwe kugira ngo harebwe imyumbati y'ibanze (sodium, potasiyumu, azote, kalisiyumu, manyeziyumu, zinki, umuringa na selenium)33. Gereranya ijanisha rya iyoni y'ibanze hagati y'ingero zavuwe n'izidavuwe kugira ngo wumve ukwiyongera kwa iyoni y'ibanze mu gihe cyo kwirema kw'ibice no guhuza kw'ibice.
Ubunini bw'igitambaro cyo hejuru cya Cp HFFC ku buso bwa Ct bwagenwe hakoreshejwe FESEM. Ibice bya Cp NFRCS byaciwe mu gitereko hanyuma bitwikirwa. Ingero zavuyemo zo gutwikirwa za FESEM zagaragaye kandi ubunini bw'igitambaro cyo hejuru bwapimwe 34, 35, 36.
Micro-CT ya X-ray itanga ishusho ya 3D ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru idasenya kandi igufasha kwiga imiterere y'imbere ya NFRK. Micro-CT ikoresha urumuri rwa X-ray runyura mu cyitegererezo kugira ngo yandike coefficient yo kugabanya umurongo wa X-ray mu cyitegererezo, bifasha kubona amakuru y'imiterere. Aho Ct iri imbere muri Cp NFRCS na Cp NFRCS yavuwe n'amaraso byasuzumwe na micro-CT kugira ngo humve uburyo bwo kwinjiza amaraso no kugabanya amaraso mu gihe hari NFRCS37,38,39. Imiterere ya 3D y'ibipimo bya Cp NFRCS byavuwe n'ibyavuwe n'amaraso byasubiwemo hakoreshejwe micro-CT (V|tome|x S240, Phoenix, Ubudage). Hakoreshejwe porogaramu ya VG STUDIO-MAX verisiyo ya 2.2, amashusho menshi ya X-ray yafashwe mu mpande zitandukanye (cyane cyane 360°) kugira ngo hakorwe amashusho ya 3D ya NFRCS. Amakuru yakusanyijwe yakusanyijwe mu mashusho ya 3D volumetric hakoreshejwe porogaramu yoroshye ya 3D ScanIP Academic.
Byongeye kandi, kugira ngo dusobanukirwe uko amaraso yangiritse, hongewemo µl 20 z'amaraso yavuyemo citrate na µl 20 za 0.2 M CaCl2 muri NFRCS kugira ngo amaraso atangire kuvura. Ingero zateguwe zisigara kugira ngo zikomere. Ubuso bwa NFRK bwavuwe na 0.5% glutaraldehyde hanyuma bumanikwa mu itanura rishyushye kuri 30–40°C mu gihe cy'iminota 30. Ifu y'amaraso yakozwe kuri NFRCS yarasuzumwe, yongera gukorwa, maze hagaragazwa ishusho ya 3D y'ifu y'amaraso.
Isuzuma ryakozwe kuri Cp NFRCS (ugereranyije na Ch NFRCS) hakoreshejwe uburyo bwavuzwe mbere hamwe n'impinduka nto. Imikorere ya Cp NFRCS na Cp HFCC yakozwe hakoreshejwe udukoko dutatu dutandukanye twapimwe [S.aureus (bagiteri za gram-positive), E.coli (bagiteri za gram-negative) na Candida yera (C.albicans)] ikura kuri agar mu masahani ya Petri mu cyuma gikonjesha. Shyira mililitiro 50 z'umuti wakuwemo bagiteri ku gipimo cya 105-106 CFU ml-1 ku gipimo cya agar. Suka icyo gipimo mu isahani ya Petri hanyuma ureke gikomere. Amasahani yakozwe ku buso bw'isahani ya agar kugira ngo yuzuzemo HFCC (amasahani 3 ya HFCC na 1 yo kugenzura nabi). Ongeraho 200 µl HFCC ku masahani 3 na 200 µl pH 7.4 PBS ku isahani ya kane. Ku rundi ruhande rw'isahani ya petri, shyira agace ka NFRCS ka 12 mm Cp kuri agar ikomeye hanyuma utose PBS (pH 7.4). Ibinini bya Ciprofloxacin, ampicillin na fluconazole bifatwa nk'ibipimo ngenderwaho kuri Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli na Candida albicans. Pima agace kari mu buryo bwo kwirinda indwara n'intoki hanyuma ufate ishusho y'agace kari mu buryo bwo kwirinda indwara.
Nyuma yo kwemezwa n’ikigo mu by’imyitwarire, ubushakashatsi bwakorewe mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’Uburezi n’Ubushakashatsi rya Kasturba Medical College i Manipal, Karnataka, mu majyepfo y’Ubuhinde. Porogaramu y’igerageza rya TEG yasuzumwe kandi yemezwa na Komite Ishinzwe Imyitwarire y’Ikigo cya Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka (IEC: 674/2020). Abakoreweho ubushakashatsi batoranijwe mu batanga amaraso b’abakorerabushake (bari hagati y’imyaka 18 na 55) bo mu kigo cy’amaraso cyo mu bitaro. Byongeye kandi, habonetse ifishi y’ubwumvikane ivuye ku bakorerabushake yo gukusanya amaraso. TEG y’umwimerere (N-TEG) ​​​​yakoreshejwe mu kwiga ingaruka z’umuti wa Cp HFC ku maraso yose yavanze na sodium citrate. N-TEG izwi cyane kubera uruhare rwayo mu gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe, ibi bikaba bitera ibibazo ku baganga bitewe n’uko bishobora gutuma ibisubizo bitinda cyane (ibizamini bisanzwe byo gufunga). Isesengura rya N-TEG ryakozwe hakoreshejwe amaraso yose. Ubwemere burambuye n’amateka y’ubuvuzi byabonetse ku bitabiriye bose. Ubu bushakashatsi ntibwashyizemo abitabiriye bafite ibibazo byo kuva amaraso cyangwa indwara zo mu mitsi nko gutwita/nyuma yo kubyara cyangwa indwara y’umwijima. Abantu bafataga imiti igira ingaruka ku gufungana kw'amaraso nabo ntibashyizwe mu bushakashatsi. Ibizamini by'ibanze bya laboratwari (hemoglobin, igihe cya prothrombin, thromboplastin yakozwe n'umubare wa platelet) byakorewe abitabiriye bose hakurikijwe uburyo busanzwe. N-TEG igena ubukana bw'amaraso mu maraso, imiterere y'ingirabuzimafatizo, imikoranire y'uduce, gukomeza amaraso mu maraso, no kugabanya amaraso mu maraso. Isesengura rya N-TEG ritanga amakuru y'ishusho n'imibare ku ngaruka rusange z'ibintu byinshi bigize uturemangingo na plasma. Isesengura rya N-TEG ryakozwe ku bipimo bibiri bitandukanye bya Cp HFC (10 µl na 50 µl). Kubera iyo mpamvu, ml 1 y'amaraso yose hamwe na aside citric yongewe kuri 10 μl ya Cp HFCC. Ongeraho ml 1 (Cp HFCC + amaraso ya citrated), 340 µl y'amaraso avanze kuri 20 µl 0.2 M CaCl2 irimo TEG dish. Nyuma y’aho, amasahani ya TEG yashyizwe muri TEG® 5000, US kugira ngo bapime R, K, alpha angle, MA, G, CI, TPI, EPL, LY 30% by’ibipimo by’amaraso ahari Cp HFFC41.
Porogaramu y’inyigo y’inyamaswa mu mubiri yasuzumwe kandi yemezwa na Komite Ishinzwe Imyitwarire y’inyamaswa (IAEC), Ishuri ry’Ubuvuzi rya Kasturba, Ikigo cy’Uburezi cya Manipal, Manipal (IAEC/KMC/69/2020). Igerageza ryose ry’inyamaswa ryakozwe hakurikijwe inama za Komite Ishinzwe Kugenzura no Gukurikirana Igerageza ry’inyamaswa (CPCSEA). Inyigo zose za NFRCS mu mubiri mu mubiri (2 × 2 cm2) zakorewe ku mbeba z’ingore za Wistar (zipima garama 200 kugeza 250). Inyamaswa zose zamenyerejwe ku bushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 24-26, inyamaswa zabonye ibiryo n’amazi bisanzwe ku buntu. Inyamaswa zose zagabanyijwemo amatsinda atandukanye ku buryo butunguranye, buri tsinda ryari rigizwe n’inyamaswa eshatu. Inyigo zose zakozwe hakurikijwe Inyigo z’inyamaswa: Raporo y’Inyigo za In Vivo 43. Mbere y’inyigo, inyamaswa zahawe ikinyabutabire binyuze mu gutanga uruvange rwa 20-50 mg ya ketamine (kuri kilo 1 y’uburemere bw’umubiri) na 2-10 mg ya xylazine (kuri kilo 1 y’uburemere bw’umubiri). Nyuma y’inyigo, ingano y’amaraso yavuye mu mubiri yabazwe hasuzumwa itandukaniro riri hagati y’uburemere bw’ibanze n’ubwa nyuma bw’ibipimo byatanzwe, agaciro mpuzandengo kabonetse mu bizamini bitatu kafatwa nk’ingano y’amaraso yavuye mu gipimo.
Uburyo bwo gukata umurizo w'imbeba bwashyizwe mu bikorwa kugira ngo bumve ubushobozi bwa NFRCS bwo kugabanya kuva amaraso mu gihe cy'ihungabana, imirwano, cyangwa impanuka zo mu muhanda (uburyo bwo gukomereka). Kata 50% by'umurizo ukoresheje icyuma cyo mu mutwe hanyuma ushyire mu kirere mu gihe cy'amasegonda 15 kugira ngo habeho kuva amaraso bisanzwe. Byongeye kandi, ingero z'ibizamini zashyizwe ku murizo w'imbeba hakoreshejwe igitutu (Ct, Cs, Ch NFRCS na Cp NFRCS). Amaraso na PCT byagaragaye ku bipimo by'ibizamini (n ​​= 3)17,45.
Ubuhanga bwo kugenzura umuvuduko wa NFRCS mu mirwano bwakorewe ubushakashatsi ku gishushanyo cy'imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa femoral artery. Imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa femoral artery iragaragara, igatoborwa na trocar ya 24G, hanyuma igasohoka amaraso mu masegonda 15. Nyuma yo kugaragara ko kuva amaraso mu buryo butagenzuwe, icyitegererezo gishyirwa aho cyatobowe hagashyirwaho umuvuduko. Ako kanya nyuma yo gukoresha icyitegererezo, igihe cyo kuvura amaraso cyaranditswe kandi ubushobozi bwo kuvura amaraso bwaragaragaye mu minota 5 yakurikiyeho. Ubu buryo bwasubiwemo hamwe na Cs na Ct46.
Dowling n'abandi 47 batanze icyitegererezo cy'imvune z'umwijima kugira ngo basuzume ubushobozi bwo kuva amaraso mu gihe cyo kuva amaraso mu gihe cyo kubagwa. BCT yanditswe ku bipimo bya Ct (negative control), Cs framework (positive control), Ch NFRCS, na Cp NFRCS. Vena cava yo mu mbeba yagaragaye hakoreshejwe laparotomy yo hagati. Nyuma y'ibyo, igice cya kure cy'agace k'ibumoso cyaciwe n'imikasi. Bakata umwijima ukoresheje icyuma cyo mu mutwe hanyuma bawureka ukava amaraso mu masegonda make. Ingero z'ibizamini bya Ch NFRCS na Cp NFRCS zapimwe neza zashyizwe ku buso bwangiritse nta gitutu cyiza kandi BCT yaranditswe. Itsinda ry'igenzura (Ct) ryashyize igitutu gikurikirwa na Cs 30 s47 nta gukomereka kwavunitse.
Isuzuma ry’uko ibikomere bikira mu mubiri ryakozwe hakoreshejwe icyitegererezo cyo gupima ibikomere kugira ngo harebwe imiterere y’uko ibikomere bikira bya NFRCS zakozwe zishingiye kuri polymer. Icyitegererezo cy’ibikomere bikira cyatoranijwe kandi gikorwa hakurikijwe uburyo bwasohotse mbere hamwe n’impinduka nto 19, 32, 48. Inyamaswa zose zahawe ikinya nk’uko byasobanuwe mbere. Koresha igipfunsi cya biopsy (12 mm) kugira ngo ukore incision yimbitse ku ruhu rw’umugongo. Ahantu hateguwe ibikomere hashyizweho Cs (positive control), Ct (umenye ko ipamba ivangavanga gukira), Ch NFRCS na Cp NFRCS (itsinda ry’igerageza) hamwe n’igenzura ridafite umuti. Ku munsi wa buri bushakashatsi, agace k’igikomere kapimwe mu mbeba zose. Koresha kamera ya digitale kugira ngo ufate ifoto y’agace k’igikomere hanyuma ushyireho agapfundikizo gashya. Ijanisha ry’ifungwa ry’ibikomere ryapimwe hakoreshejwe formula ikurikira:
Hashingiwe ku ijanisha ry’ifungwa ry’ibikomere ku munsi wa 12 w’ubushakashatsi, uruhu rw’imbeba rw’itsinda ryiza cyane rwaciwe ((Cp NFRCS) n’itsinda rishinzwe kugenzura) maze rwigwa hakoreshejwe H&E staining na Masson’s trichrome staining. Hashingiwe ku ijanisha ry’ifungwa ry’ibikomere ku munsi wa 12 w’ubushakashatsi, uruhu rw’imbeba rw’itsinda ryiza cyane rwaciwe ((Cp NFRCS) n’itsinda rishinzwe kugenzura) maze rwigwa hakoreshejwe H&E staining na Masson’s trichrome staining.Hashingiwe ku ijanisha ry’ifungwa ry’ibikomere ku munsi wa 12 w’ubushakashatsi, uruhu rw’imbeba zo mu itsinda ryiza ((Cp NFRCS) n’itsinda ryagenzuwe) rwaciwe kandi rusuzumwa hakoreshejwe irangi rya hematoxylin-eosin na Masson's trichrome.根据研究第 12 天的伤口闭合百分比，切除最佳组 ((Cp NFRCS) 和对照组) 的大鼠皮肤，进行 H&E 染色和 Masson 三色染色研究。根据研究第 12 天的伤口闭合百分比，切除最佳组 ((Cp NFRCS) 和对照组) 的大鼠皮肤，进行 H&E 染色和眳组）Imbeba zo mu itsinda ryiza ((Cp NFRCS) n'amatsinda yo kugenzura) zaciwe kugira ngo hakorwe ibara rya hematoxylin-eosin hamwe n'ibara rya Masson's trichrome hashingiwe ku ijanisha ry'ifungwa ry'ibikomere ku munsi wa 12 w'ubushakashatsi.Uburyo bwo gusiga irangi bwakozwe hakurikijwe uburyo bwavuzwe mbere49,50. Muri make, nyuma yo gushyiramo formalin ya 10%, ingero zakuwemo amazi hakoreshejwe alkoholi nyinshi. Koresha microtome kugira ngo ubone ibice bito (ubugari bwa 5 µm) by'ingingo zaciwe. Ibice bito by'urutonde rw'ibipimo na Cp NFRCS byavuwe na hematoxylin na eosin kugira ngo bige impinduka mu miterere y'umubiri. Irangi rya Masson rya trichrome ryakoreshejwe mu kumenya ikorwa rya collagen fibrils. Ibisubizo byabonetse byigwaga mu buryo butari bwo n'abahanga mu by'indwara.
Uburyo ingero za Cp NFRCS zihagaze neza byizwe ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba (25°C ± 2°C/60% RH ± 5%) mu gihe cy'amezi 1251. Cp NFRCS (guhinduka kw'ibara ry'ubuso n'imikurire ya mikorobe) yagenzuwe kandi ipimwa kugira ngo irebe niba idapfa kwangirika na BCT hakurikijwe uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru buvugwa mu gice cy'Ibikoresho n'Uburyo.
Uburyo bwo kwaguka no kongera kubyara Cp NFRCS byasuzumwe hategurwa Cp NFRCS ifite ingano ya 15×15 cm2. Byongeye kandi, ingero za 30 mg (n = 5) zakuwe mu bice bitandukanye bya Cp NFRCS kandi BCT y'ingero zakoreweho ubushakashatsi yasuzumwe nk'uko byasobanuwe mbere mu gice cy'Uburyo.
Twagerageje guteza imbere imiterere n'imiterere itandukanye dukoresheje imiterere ya Cp NFRCS mu buryo butandukanye bwo gukoresha mu buvuzi. Iyo miterere cyangwa imiterere irimo udupfundikizo tw'imitsi yo kuva amaraso mu mazuru, kuvurwa amenyo, n'udupfundikizo tw'imitsi yo kuva amaraso mu gitsina.
Amakuru yose agaragazwa nk'ikigereranyo cya ± gisanzwe kandi yasesenguwe na ANOVA hakoreshejwe Prism 5.03 (GraphPad, San Diego, CA, USA) hagakurikiraho ikizamini cya Bonferroni cyo kugereranya inshuro nyinshi (*p<0.05).
Uburyo bwose bwakozwe mu bushakashatsi ku bantu bwakurikije amahame y’Ikigo n’Inama y’Igihugu y’Ubushakashatsi, ndetse n’Itangazo rya Helsinki ryo mu 1964 n’ivugurura ryaryo ryakurikiyeho, cyangwa amahame mbonezamuco asa naryo. Abitabiriye bose bamenyeshejwe imiterere y’ubushakashatsi n’uburyo bwabwo bw’ubushake. Amakuru y’abitabiriye aguma ari ibanga iyo bamaze gukusanywa. Porogaramu y’igerageza rya TEG yasuzumwe kandi yemezwa na Komite Ishinzwe Imyitwarire y’Ikigo cya Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka (IEC: 674/2020). Abakorerabushake basinye icyemezo cyo gufata amaraso bamenyeshejwe.
Uburyo bwose bwakozwe mu bushakashatsi ku nyamaswa bwakozwe hakurikijwe Ishami ry’Ubuganga rya Kastuba, Ikigo cy’Uburezi cya Manipal, Manipal (IAEC/KMC/69/2020). Igerageza ryose ryakozwe ku nyamaswa ryakozwe hakurikijwe amabwiriza ya Komite Ishinzwe Kugenzura no Gukurikirana Igerageza ry’Inyamaswa (CPCSEA). Abanditsi bose bakurikiza amabwiriza ya ARRIVE.
Ishusho ya FTIR ya NFRCS zose yasesenguwe kandi igereranywa na spectrum ya chitosan igaragara ku Ishusho ya 2A. Imisozo y’ishusho ya chitosan (yafashwe) kuri 3437 cm-1 (OH na NH stretching, overlap), 2945 na 2897 cm-1 (CH stretching), 1660 cm-1 (NH2 strain), 1589 cm-1 (N–H bend ), 1157 cm-1 (bridge stretching O-), 1067 cm-1 (stretching C–O, secondary hydroxyl), 993 cm-1 (stretching CO, Bo-OH) 52.53.54. Imbonerahamwe y’inyongera S1 igaragaza agaciro ka FTIR NFRCS k’ifoto ya chitosan (reporter), pure chitosan, Cm, Ch, na Cp. Ishusho ya FTIR ya NFRCS zose (Cm, Ch na Cp) yagaragaje imigozi imwe iranga uburyo bwo kwinjiza nk'iya chitosan yonyine nta mpinduka zikomeye zigaragara (Ishusho ya 2A). Ibisubizo bya FTIR byemeje ko nta mikoranire ya shimi cyangwa fiziki hagati ya polimeri zakoreshejwe mu gukora NFRCS, bigaragaza ko polimeri zakoreshejwe zidakora neza.
Isesengura rya Cm NFRCS, Ch NFRCS, Cp NFRCS na Cs muri vitro. (A) rigaragaza imiterere ya FTIR ihujwe y’ibice bya chitosan na Cm NFRCS, Ch NFRCS na Cp NFRCS biri munsi y’igitutu. (B) a) Igipimo cy’uko NFRCS yinjira mu maraso yose Cm, Ch, Cp, na Cg (n = 3); Ingero za Ct zagaragaje BAR iri hejuru kuko agatambaro k’ipamba gafite ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza neza; b) Amaraso nyuma yo kwinjiza amaraso Ishusho y’icyitegererezo cy’icyitegererezo cy’icyitegererezo cy’icyitegererezo cy’icyitegererezo cya C (Cp NFRCS yari ifite BCT nziza (15 s, n = 3)). Amakuru ari muri C, D, E, na G yagaragajwe nk'ikigereranyo cya ± SD, naho utubari tw'amakosa tugaragaza SD, ***p < 0.0001. Amakuru ari muri C, D, E, na G yagaragajwe nk'ikigereranyo cya ± SD, naho utubari tw'amakosa tugaragaza SD, ***p < 0.0001. Danные в C, D, E na G предвенлены как среднее ± башное отклонение, акики погрешностей предгляют фанное отклонение, *** p <0,0001. Amakuru ari muri C, D, E, na G agaragazwa nk'ikigereranyo cya ± gisanzwe cyo kunyuranya, naho utubari tw'amakosa tugaragaza guhindagurika gusanzwe, ***p<0.0001. C 、 D 、 E 和 G 中的数据显示为平均值 ± SD ，误差线代表 SD ， *** p <0.0001。 C 、 D 、 E 和 G 中的数据显示为平均值 ± SD ，误差线代表 SD ， *** p <0.0001。 Данные в C, D, E и G показаны как среднее значение ± станное отклонение, пкики погрешностей прервляют панное отклонение, *** p <0,0001. Amakuru ari muri C, D, E, na G agaragazwa nk'ikigereranyo ± kunyuranya gusanzwe, utubari tw'amakosa tugaragaza kunyuranya gusanzwe, ***p<0.0001.