Zikomo pochezera Nature.com. Mtundu wa msakatuli womwe mukugwiritsa ntchito uli ndi chithandizo chochepa cha CSS. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mugwiritse ntchito msakatuli wosinthidwa (kapena kuletsa Compatibility Mode mu Internet Explorer). Pakadali pano, kuti tipitirize kukuthandizani, tidzapanga tsamba lino lopanda masitayelo ndi JavaScript.
Kutuluka magazi mosalamulirika ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa imfa. Kupeza kutaya magazi mwachangu kumathandizira kuti munthuyo apulumuke ngati thandizo loyamba panthawi ya nkhondo, ngozi za pamsewu, komanso ntchito zochepetsera imfa. Nanoporous fiber-reinforced composite scaffold (NFRCS) yochokera ku kapangidwe kosavuta kopanga filimu (HFFC) ngati gawo lopitilira kungayambitse ndikuwonjezera kutaya magazi. Kukula kwa NFRCS kumadalira kapangidwe ka phiko la chinjoka. Kapangidwe ka phiko la chinjoka kamakhala ndi mapiko opingasa ndi aatali, ndipo nembanemba za mapiko zimalumikizidwa kuti zisunge umphumphu wa microstructure. HFFC imaphimba pamwamba pa ulusi ndi filimu ya makulidwe a nanometer ndikulumikiza makulidwe a thonje (Ct) (gawo lofalikira) kuti apange kapangidwe ka nanoporous. Kuphatikiza kwa magawo opitilira ndi ofalikira kumachepetsa mtengo wa mankhwalawa ndi nthawi khumi poyerekeza ndi zinthu zomwe zimapezeka m'malonda. NFRCS yosinthidwa (ma tampons kapena ma wristbands) ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala. Kafukufuku wa mu vivo wapeza kuti Cp NFRCS yomwe yapangidwa imayambitsa ndikuwonjezera njira yolumikizirana pamalo omwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. NFRCS imatha kusintha malo ozungulira ndikugwira ntchito pamlingo wa maselo chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka nanoporous komwe kamapangitsa kuti mabala achire bwino mu chitsanzo cha excision bala.
Kutaya magazi mosalamulirika panthawi ya nkhondo, nthawi ya opaleshoni komanso yadzidzidzi kungayambitse chiwopsezo chachikulu pa moyo wa ovulala1. Matendawa amachititsanso kuti magazi aziyenda bwino m'mitsempha ya ... Kuti tithane ndi mavuto onse omwe ali pamwambawa omwe angatiphe, tapanga scaffold yopangidwa ndi ulusi wowonjezera mphamvu (NFRCS) yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kochepa kwa polima (0.5%) pogwiritsa ntchito ma polima osungunuka m'madzi.
Pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wolimbitsa, zinthu zotsika mtengo zimatha kupangidwa. Ulusi wokonzedwa mwachisawawa umafanana ndi kapangidwe ka phiko la chinjoka, wolumikizidwa ndi mizere yopingasa ndi yowongoka pamapiko. Mitsempha yopingasa ndi yayitali ya phiko imalumikizana ndi nembanemba ya phiko (Chithunzi 1). NFRCS imakhala ndi Ct yolimbitsa ngati dongosolo lokhala ndi mphamvu zakuthupi komanso zamakaniko (Chithunzi 1). Chifukwa cha kutsika mtengo komanso luso, madokotala opaleshoni amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zoyezera ulusi wa thonje (Ct) panthawi ya opaleshoni ndi mavalidwe. Chifukwa chake, poganizira zabwino zake zambiri, kuphatikizapo > 90% crystalline cellulose (yomwe imapereka mphamvu yowonjezera magazi), Ct idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dongosolo la mafupa la NFRCS9,10. Chifukwa chake, poganizira zabwino zake zambiri, kuphatikizapo > 90% crystalline cellulose (yomwe imapereka mphamvu yowonjezera magazi), Ct idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dongosolo la mafupa la NFRCS9,10. Следовательно, учитывая его многочисленные преимущества, в том числе > 90% кристаллической целлюлозы (участвует в повышение активности), Ct использовали в качестве скелетной системы NFRCS9,10. Chifukwa chake, popeza ubwino wake wambiri, kuphatikizapo >90% crystalline cellulose (yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya hemostatic), Ct idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati NFRCS skeletal system9,10.因此，考虑到它的多重益处，包括> 90% 的结晶纤维素（有助于增强止血活性），Ct 被被,用的骨架系统.因此，考虑到它的多重益处，包括> 90%Chifukwa chake, popeza ili ndi ubwino wambiri, kuphatikizapo 90% crystalline cellulose (yomwe imathandiza kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ya hemostatic), Ct idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati scaffold ya NFRCS9,10.Ct inali yokutidwa pamwamba (kupangika kwa filimu yokhuthala kunawonedwa) ndipo inalumikizidwa ndi kapangidwe ka hemostatic film-forming composition (HFFC). HFFC imagwira ntchito ngati matrigel, ikugwira Ct yoyikidwa mwachisawawa pamodzi. Kapangidwe kameneka kamatumiza kupsinjika mkati mwa gawo logawanika (ulusi wolimbitsa). N'zovuta kupeza mapangidwe a nanoporous okhala ndi mphamvu yabwino yamakina pogwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kochepa kwa polima. Kuphatikiza apo, sikophweka kusintha mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a nkhungu kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala.
Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa chithunzi cha kapangidwe ka NFRCS kutengera kapangidwe ka mapiko a dragonfly (A). Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa kufanana koyerekeza kwa kapangidwe ka mapiko a dragonfly (mitsempha yolumikizana ndi yayitali ya mapikowo imalumikizana) ndi chithunzi cha Cp NFRCS (B). Chithunzi choyimira NFRCS.
Ma NFRC adapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito HFCC ngati gawo lopitilira kuthana ndi zofooka zomwe zili pamwambapa. HFC imapangidwa ndi ma polima osiyanasiyana opangira ma hemostatic kuphatikiza chitosan (monga polima yayikulu ya hemostatic) yokhala ndi methylcellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC 50 cp) ndi polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) (125 kDa) ngati polima yothandizira yomwe imalimbikitsa mapangidwe a thrombus. Kuwonjezeredwa kwa polyvinylpyrrolidine K30 (PVP K30) kunapangitsa kuti NFRCS iyambe kuyamwa chinyezi. Polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) idawonjezedwa kuti ikonze kulumikizana kwa polima mu ma polymer blends ogwirizana. Mitundu itatu yosiyanasiyana ya HFCC hemostatic (Cm HFCC, Ch HFCC ndi Cp HFCC), yomwe ndi chitosan yokhala ndi MC (Cm), chitosan yokhala ndi HPMC (Ch), ndi chitosan yokhala ndi PVA (Cp), idagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Ct. Kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana wokhudza momwe NFRCS imachiritsira mabala pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya m'thupi komanso m'thupi watsimikizira kuti NFRCS imachiritsa mabala pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya hemostatic hemostatic. Zipangizo zopangidwa ndi NFRCS zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusintha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma scaffolding kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zinazake.
Kuphatikiza apo, NFRCS ikhoza kusinthidwa ngati bandeji kapena chokulungira kuti iphimbe malo onse ovulala a miyendo ndi ziwalo zina za thupi. Makamaka pa kuvulala kwa miyendo ndi manja, kapangidwe ka NFRCS kopangidwa kangasinthidwe kukhala theka la mkono kapena mwendo wonse (Chithunzi Chowonjezera S11). NFRCS ikhoza kupangidwa kukhala chikwama cha dzanja chokhala ndi guluu wa minofu, chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuletsa kutuluka magazi chifukwa cha kuvulala kwakukulu kwa dzanja. Cholinga chathu chachikulu ndikupanga NFRCS yokhala ndi polima yochepa momwe tingathere yomwe ingaperekedwe kwa anthu ambiri (pansi pa mzere wa umphawi) ndipo yomwe ingaikidwe mu zida zothandizira oyamba. NFRCS yosavuta, yogwira ntchito, komanso yotsika mtengo pakupanga, imapindulitsa madera am'deralo ndipo imatha kukhala ndi zotsatira padziko lonse lapansi.
Chitosan (malemu olemera 80 kDa) ndi amaranth zinagulidwa ku Merck, India. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 50 Cp, polyethylene glycol 400 ndi methylcellulose zinagulidwa ku Loba Chemie Pvt. LLC, Mumbai. Polyvinyl alcohol (malemu olemera 125 kDa) (87-90% hydrolyzed) inagulidwa ku National Chemicals, Gujarat. Polyvinylpyrrolidine K30 inagulidwa ku Molychem, Mumbai, ma swab osabala anagulidwa ku Ramaraju Surgery Cotton Mills Ltd., Tamil Nadu, ndi Milli Q water (Direct-Q3 water purification system, Merck, India) ngati chonyamulira.
NFRCS idapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya lyophilization11,12. Zosakaniza zonse za HFFC (Table 1) zidakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina osakaniza. Konzani yankho la 0.5% la chitosan pogwiritsa ntchito 1% acetic acid m'madzi posakaniza mosalekeza pa 800 rpm pa makina osakaniza. Kulemera kwenikweni kwa polima wodzazidwa komwe kwawonetsedwa mu Table 1 kudawonjezedwa ku yankho la chitosan ndikusakanikirana mpaka yankho lomveka bwino la polima litapezeka. PVP K30 ndi PEG 400 zidawonjezedwa ku chisakanizo chomwe chapezeka mu kuchuluka komwe kwawonetsedwa mu Table 1, ndipo kusakaniza kudapitilira mpaka yankho lomveka bwino la polima litapezeka. Kusamba kwa yankho la polima komwe kudachitika kudayikidwa sonic kwa mphindi 60 kuti kuchotse thovu la mpweya lomwe lagwidwa kuchokera ku chisakanizo cha polima. Monga momwe zasonyezedwera mu Chithunzi Chowonjezera S1(b), Ct idagawidwa mofanana mu chitsime chilichonse cha mbale ya 6-well (mold) yowonjezera 5 ml ya HFCC.
Mbale ya zitsime zisanu ndi chimodzi idayikidwa mu sonic kwa mphindi 60 kuti inyowetse ndi kufalitsa HFFC mofanana mu netiweki ya Ct. Kenako isungitseni mbale ya zitsime zisanu ndi chimodzi pa -20°C kwa maola 8-12. Ma mbale oundana adayikidwa mu lyophilized kwa maola 48 kuti apeze mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya NFRCS. Njira yomweyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe kosiyana, monga ma tampons kapena ma cylindrical tampons, kapena mawonekedwe ena aliwonse ogwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana.
Chitosan yoyezedwa bwino (80 kDa) (3%) imasungunuka mu 1% acetic acid pogwiritsa ntchito magnetic stirrer. Pa yankho la chitosan lomwe latuluka, 1% PEG 400 inawonjezedwa ndikusakanikirana kwa mphindi 30. Thirani yankho lomwe latuluka mu chidebe chozungulira kapena chamakona anayi ndikuzizira pa -80°C kwa maola 12. Zitsanzo zozizira zinapakidwa lyophilized kwa maola 48 kuti mupeze Cs13 yokhala ndi mabowo.
NFRCS yopangidwayo idayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (Shimadzu 8400 s FTIR, Tokyo, Japan) kuti itsimikizire kuti chitosan imagwirizana ndi ma polima ena14,15. Ma FTIR spectra (m'lifupi mwa ma spectral kuyambira 400 mpaka 4000 cm-1) a zitsanzo zonse zoyesedwa adapezeka pochita ma scan 32.
Kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwa magazi (BAR) pa mitundu yonse ya mankhwala kunayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe Chen et al. 16 adafotokoza ndi kusintha pang'ono. Ma NFRK omwe adapangidwa a mitundu yonse adaumitsidwa mu uvuni wa vacuum pa 105°C usiku wonse kuti achotse zotsalira zosungunulira. 30 mg NFRCS (kulemera koyamba kwa chitsanzo - W0) ndi 30 mg Ct (kulamulira kwabwino) adayikidwa m'mbale zosiyana zomwe zili ndi premix ya 3.8% sodium citrate. Pa nthawi yoikidwiratu, mwachitsanzo masekondi 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 ndi 60, ma NFRCS adachotsedwa ndipo pamwamba pake adatsukidwa magazi osayamwa poika zitsanzozo pa Ct kwa masekondi 30. Kulemera komaliza kwa magazi omwe amayamwa ndi NFRCS 16 kudaganiziridwa (W1) nthawi iliyonse. Werengani kuchuluka kwa BAR pogwiritsa ntchito njira iyi:
Nthawi yothira magazi (BCT) inadziwika monga momwe Wang et al. 17 adanenera. Nthawi yomwe magazi athunthu (magazi a makoswe osakanizidwa ndi 3.8% sodium citrate) amaundana pamaso pa NFRCS idawerengedwa ngati BCT ya chitsanzo choyesera. Zigawo zosiyanasiyana za NFRCS (30 mg) zidayikidwa m'mabotolo a screw cap a 10 ml ndikuyikidwa pa 37°C. Magazi (0.5 ml) adawonjezedwa mu botolo ndipo 0.3 ml ya 0.2 M CaCl2 idawonjezedwa kuti magazi aziundana. Pomaliza, tembenuzani botolo masekondi 15 aliwonse (mpaka 180°) mpaka magazi ataundana mwamphamvu. BCT ya chitsanzo imayesedwa ndi chiwerengero cha ma flips vails17,18. Kutengera BCT, mitundu iwiri yabwino kwambiri kuchokera ku NFRCS Cm, Ch ndi Cp idasankhidwa kuti iphunzire zambiri.
BCT ya Ch NFRCS ndi Cp NFRCS inapezeka pogwiritsira ntchito njira yomwe inafotokozedwa ndi Li et al. 19. Ikani 15 x 15 mm2 Ch NFRCS, Cp NFRCS, ndi Cs (zowongolera zabwino) m'mbale zosiyana za Petri (37 °C). Magazi okhala ndi 3.8% sodium citrate anasakanizidwa ndi 0.2 M CaCl2 mu chiŵerengero cha voliyumu ya 10:1 kuti ayambe njira yothira magazi. 20 µl ya 0.2 M CaCl2 yosakaniza magazi a makoswe inagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa chitsanzo ndikuyikidwa mu mbale yopanda kanthu ya Petri. Chowongoleracho chinali magazi otsanuliridwa m'mbale zopanda kanthu za Petri popanda Ct. Pa nthawi yokhazikika ya mphindi 0, 3, ndi 5, siyani kuthira magazi powonjezera 10 ml ya madzi osungunuka (DI) ku chitsanzo chokhala ndi mbaleyo popanda kusokoneza magazi oundana. Ma erythrocyte osasungunuka (erythrocytes) amadutsa mu hemolysis pamaso pa madzi osungunuka ndi kutulutsa hemoglobin. Hemoglobin pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana (HA(t)) inayesedwa pa 540 nm (λmax hemoglobin) pogwiritsa ntchito UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin (AH(0)) mu mphindi 0 ya 20 µl ya magazi mu 10 ml ya madzi oyeretsedwa kunatengedwa ngati muyezo wofotokozera. Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin uptake (RHA) ya magazi oundana kunawerengedwa kuchokera ku chiŵerengero cha HA(t)/HA(0) pogwiritsa ntchito gulu lomwelo la magazi.
Pogwiritsa ntchito chida chowunikira mawonekedwe (Texture Pro CT V1.3 Build 15, Brookfield, USA), mphamvu ya guluu ya NFRK ku minofu yowonongeka idapezeka. Kanikizani mbale yozungulira yotseguka pansi motsutsana ndi mkati mwa khungu la nkhumba (popanda mafuta). Zitsanzo (Ch NFRCS ndi Cp NFRCS) zidayikidwa kudzera mu cannula mu mawonekedwe a cylindrical kuti zigwirizane ndi khungu la nkhumba. Pambuyo poyikira kwa mphindi zitatu kutentha kwa chipinda (RT) (25° C.), mphamvu ya guluu ya NFRCS idalembedwa pamlingo wokhazikika wa 0.5 mm/sec.
Chinthu chachikulu cha mankhwala otsekera opaleshoni ndikuwonjezera magazi kuundana pamene akuchepetsa kutaya magazi. Kutseka magazi kosataya mu NFRCS kunayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe idasindikizidwa kale ndi zosintha pang'ono 19. Pangani chubu cha microcentrifuge (2 ml) (m'mimba mwake wamkati 10 mm) chokhala ndi dzenje la 8 × 5 mm2 mbali imodzi ya chubu cha centrifuge (choyimira bala lotseguka). NFRCS imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutseka kutsegula ndipo tepi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutseka m'mphepete mwakunja. Onjezani 20 µl ya 0.2 M CaCl2 ku chubu cha microcentrifuge chokhala ndi 3.8% sodium citrate premix. Pambuyo pa mphindi 10, machubu a microcentrifuge adachotsedwa m'mbale ndipo kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera kwa mbale kudatsimikizika chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa magazi kuchokera ku NFRK (n = 3). Kutayika kwa magazi Ch NFRCS ndi Cp NFRCS zidayerekezeredwa ndi Cs.
Kunyowa kwa NFRCS kunadziwika kutengera njira yomwe Mishra ndi Chaudhary21 adafotokoza ndi kusintha pang'ono. Ikani NFRCS mu botolo la Erlenmeyer la 100 ml ndi madzi 50 ml ndikuzungulira kwa masekondi 60 popanda kupanga pamwamba. Kuyang'ana ndi kuwona zitsanzo ndi kuyika patsogolo kuti zitsimikizire kuti zili bwino kutengera zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa.
Mphamvu yomangirira ya HFCC ku Ct inaphunziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zinasindikizidwa kale ndi zosintha zazing'ono. Kulimba kwa chophimba pamwamba kunayesedwa poika NFRK ku mafunde a acoustic (external stimulus) pamaso pa madzi a milliQ (Ct). NFRCS Ch NFRCS ndi Cp NFRCS zomwe zinapangidwa zinayikidwa mu beaker yodzazidwa ndi madzi ndipo zinayikidwa kwa mphindi 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, ndi 30 motsatana. Pambuyo pouma, kusiyana kwa peresenti pakati pa kulemera koyambirira ndi komaliza kwa NFRCS kunagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwerengera kutayika kwa peresenti kwa zinthu (HFC). BCT ya mu vitro inathandiziranso mphamvu yomangira kapena kutayika kwa zinthu pamwamba. Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa HFCC kumangira ku Ct kumapereka magazi oundana ndi utoto wotanuka pamwamba pa Ct22.
Kugwirizana kwa NFRCS yomwe yapangidwa kunatsimikiziridwa ndi BCT ya zitsanzo (30 mg) zomwe zatengedwa kuchokera m'malo osankhidwa mwachisawawa a NFRCS. Tsatirani njira ya BCT yomwe yatchulidwa kale kuti mudziwe momwe NFRCS imagwirizanirana. Kuyandikira pakati pa zitsanzo zonse zisanu kumatsimikizira kuti pamwamba pake pamakhala ponseponse komanso kuti HFCC ilowe mu Ct mesh.
Malo olumikizirana magazi (NBCA) adapezeka monga momwe adanenedwera kale ndi zosintha zina. Thirani magaziwo powatseka 20 µl ya magazi pakati pa malo awiri a Ct, Ch NFRCS, Cp NFRCS ndi Cs. Pambuyo pa ola limodzi, magawo awiri a stent adalekanitsidwa ndipo anayeza pamanja dera la magazi. Mtengo wapakati wa kubwereza katatu unaganiziridwa kuti ndi NBCA NFRCS19.
Kusanthula kwa Dynamic Npor Sorption (DVS) kunagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa momwe NFRCS imayamwira madzi kuchokera ku malo akunja kapena kuchokera pamalo ovulala omwe amachititsa kuti madzi azitseke. DVS imayesa kapena kulemba momwe nthunzi imatengedwera ndi kutayika kwa madzi mu chitsanzo pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya ultra-sensitive balance yokhala ndi mphamvu ya ±0.1 µg. Kuthamanga kwa nthunzi pang'ono (chinyezi chocheperako) kumapangidwa ndi chowongolera kuyenda kwa madzi chamagetsi kuzungulira chitsanzocho mwa kusakaniza mpweya wodzaza ndi wouma. Malinga ndi malangizo a European Pharmacopeia, kutengera kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chomwe chimapezeka ndi zitsanzo, zitsanzozo zinagawidwa m'magulu anayi (0–0.012% w/w− osati hygroscopic, 0.2–2% w/w hygroscopic pang'ono, 2–15% hygroscopic pang'ono, ndi > 15% hygroscopic kwambiri)23. Malinga ndi malangizo a European Pharmacopeia, kutengera kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chomwe chimapezeka ndi zitsanzo, zitsanzozo zinagawidwa m'magulu anayi (0–0.012% w/w− osati hygroscopic, 0.2–2% w/w hygroscopic pang'ono, 2–15% hygroscopic pang'ono, ndi > 15% hygroscopic kwambiri)23.Mogwirizana ndi malangizo a European Pharmacopoeia, kutengera kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chomwe chatengedwa ndi zitsanzo, zitsanzozo zinagawidwa m'magulu anayi (0–0.012% w/w – osati hygroscopic, 0.2–2% w/w hygroscopic pang'ono, 2–15%).% умеренно гигроскопичен и > 15% очень гигроскопичен)23. % yocheperako pang'ono ndipo > 15% yocheperako kwambiri)23.根据欧洲药典指南，根据樣品吸收水分的百分比，样品分為4 类（0-0.012% w/w-水分的百分比，样品分為4 类（0-0.012% w/w-水比比.轻微吸湿性, 2-15 % 适度吸湿，> 15% 非常吸湿）23.根据 欧洲 药典 指南 ， 根据 吸收 水分 的 百分比 样品 分为 分为 类 % （0（w-10 类 %-0.性 , , , 0.2-2% W/w 轻微, 2-15% 适度 吸湿,> 15 % 非常吸湿）23.Mogwirizana ndi malangizo a European Pharmacopoeia, zitsanzo zimagawidwa m'magulu 4 kutengera kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chomwe chimayamwa ndi chitsanzo (0-0.012% polemera - chosakhala cha hygroscopic, 0.2-2% polemera pang'ono cha hygroscopic, 2-15% polemera).% умеренно гигроскопичен, > 15% очень гигроскопичен) 23. % yopyapyala pang'ono, > 15% yopyapyala kwambiri) 23.Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa NFCS X NFCS ndi TsN NFCS kunatsimikiziridwa pa chowunikira DVS TA TGA Q5000 SA. Pa nthawiyi, nthawi yogwirira ntchito, chinyezi (RH), ndi kulemera kwa chitsanzo cha nthawi yeniyeni pa 25°C24 zinapezeka. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kusanthula kolondola kwa NFRCS pogwiritsa ntchito equation yotsatirayi:
MC ndi chinyezi cha NFRCS. m1 - kulemera kouma kwa NSAIDs. m2 ndi kulemera kwa NFRCS kwa nthawi yeniyeni pa RH yoperekedwa.
Malo onse pamwamba pake anayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kuyesera kwa nayitrogeni wothira madzi ndi nayitrogeni atatha kuchotsa zitsanzozo pa 25 °C kwa maola 10 (< 7 × 10–3 Torr). Malo onse pamwamba pake anayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kuyesera kwa nayitrogeni wothira madzi ndi nayitrogeni atatha kuchotsa zitsanzozo pa 25 °C kwa maola 10 (< 7 × 10–3 Torr). Werengani zambiri za momwe mungakhazikitsire zinthu pamutu pamutu pamutu panu
Konzani 5% ya maselo ofiira a m'magazi (saline ngati diluent) kuchokera m'magazi athunthu. Kenako sinthani aliquot ya HFCC (0.25 ml) ku mbale ya zitsime 96 ndi 5% ya maselo ofiira a m'magazi (0.1 ml). Ikani osakanizawo pa 37°C kwa mphindi 40. Kusakaniza kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi ndi seramu kunaonedwa ngati njira yabwino yowongolera, ndipo kusakaniza kwa saline ndi maselo ofiira a m'magazi ngati njira yowongolera yoletsa. Kuyeretsa magazi kunapezeka motsatira sikelo ya Stajitzky. Masikelo omwe akuperekedwa ndi awa: + + + + ma aggregates okhuthala; + + + ma pads osalala pansi okhala ndi m'mbali zokhota; + + ma pads osalala pansi okhala ndi m'mbali zosweka; + mphete zofiira zopapatiza kuzungulira m'mbali mwa ma pads osalala; – (negative) batani lofiira lokhalokha 12 pakati pa chitsime chapansi.
Kugwirizana kwa magazi kwa NFRCS kunaphunziridwa motsatira njira ya International Organization for Standardization (ISO) (ISO10993-4, 1999)26,27. Njira ya gravimetric yomwe Singh et al adafotokoza. Kusintha pang'ono kunapangidwa kuti aone kupangika kwa thrombus pamaso pa kapena pamwamba pa NFRCS. 500 mg ya Cs, Ch NFRCS ndi Cp NFRCS zinayikidwa mu phosphate buffered saline (PBS) kwa maola 24 pa 37°C. Pambuyo pa maola 24, PBS inachotsedwa ndipo NFRCS inapatsidwa chithandizo ndi 2 ml ya magazi okhala ndi 3.8% sodium citrate. Pamwamba pa NFRCS, onjezani 0.04 ml ya 0.1 M CaCl2 ku zitsanzo zoyikidwa. Patatha mphindi 45, 5 ml ya madzi osungunuka anawonjezedwa kuti asiye kugawanika. Magazi ogawanika pamwamba pa NFRK anapatsidwa chithandizo ndi 36-38% formaldehyde solution. Magazi oundana omwe adayikidwa ndi formaldehyde adaumitsidwa ndikuyesedwa. Chiwerengero cha thrombosis chinayesedwa powerengera kulemera kwa galasi lopanda magazi ndi chitsanzo (negative control) ndi galasi lokhala ndi magazi (positive control).
Monga chitsimikizo choyamba, zitsanzozo zinajambulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu yowunikira kuti zimvetse kuthekera kwa HFCC pamwamba pake, Ct yolumikizidwa, ndi netiweki ya Ct kupanga ma pores. Zigawo zoonda za Ch ndi Cp kuchokera ku NFRCS zinadulidwa ndi tsamba la scalpel. Gawo lomwe linatuluka linayikidwa pa slide yagalasi, yokutidwa ndi chophimba, ndipo m'mbali mwake munali zokhazikika ndi guluu. Masilaidi okonzedwawo anawonedwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu yowunikira ndipo zithunzi zinajambulidwa mosiyanasiyana.
Kuyika kwa polymer mu maukonde a Ct kunawonetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu ya fluorescence kutengera njira yomwe yafotokozedwa ndi Rice et al.29. Kapangidwe ka HFCC komwe kanagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga utotowu kanasakanizidwa ndi utoto wa fluorescent (amaranth), ndipo NFRCS (Ch & Cp) zinakonzedwa motsatira njira yomwe yatchulidwa kale. Kapangidwe ka HFCC komwe kanagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga utotowu kanasakanizidwa ndi utoto wa fluorescent (amaranth), ndipo NFRCS (Ch & Cp) zinakonzedwa motsatira njira yomwe yatchulidwa kale.Kapangidwe ka HFCC komwe kanagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga utoto kanasakanizidwa ndi utoto wa fluorescent (amaranth) ndipo NFRCS (Ch ndi Cp) idapezeka malinga ndi njira yomwe yatchulidwa kale.将用于配方的HFFC 组合物与荧光染料（苋菜）混合，并按照前面提到的方法制备NFRCSp））将用于配方的HFFC 组合物与荧光染料（苋菜）混合，并按照前面提到的方法制备NFRCSp））Kapangidwe ka HFCC komwe kanagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kapangidwe kameneka kanasakanizidwa ndi utoto wa fluorescent (Amaranth) ndipo kanalandira NFRCS (Ch ndi Cp), monga tafotokozera kale.Zigawo zoonda za NFRK zinadulidwa kuchokera ku zitsanzo zomwe zapezeka, n’kuyikidwa pa magalasi, n’kuphimba ndi mapepala ophimba. Yang’anani mapepala okonzedwawo pansi pa maikulosikopu ya fluorescent pogwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yobiriwira (310-380 nm). Zithunzi zinajambulidwa pa kukula kwa 4x kuti mumvetse ubale wa Ct ndi kuchuluka kwa ma polima mu netiweki ya Ct.
Kujambula pamwamba pa NFRCS Ch ndi Cp kunapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito microscope ya atomiki (AFM) yokhala ndi chowongolera cha TESP chakuthwa kwambiri mu tapping mode: 42 N/m, 320 kHz, ROC 2-5 nm, Bruker, Taiwan. Kukhwima kwa pamwamba kunapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito root mean square (RMS) pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu (Scanning Probe Image Processor). Malo osiyanasiyana a NFRCS adawonetsedwa pazithunzi za 3D kuti aone ngati pali kufanana kwa pamwamba. Kupatuka kwa muyezo kwa chiwerengero cha malo enaake kumatanthauzidwa ngati kukhwima kwa pamwamba. Equation ya RMS idagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kukhwima kwa pamwamba pa NFRCS31.
Kafukufuku wozikidwa pa FESEM adachitika pogwiritsa ntchito FESEM, SU8000, HI-0876-0003, Hitachi, Tokyo, kuti amvetsetse mawonekedwe a pamwamba pa Ch NFRCS ndi Cp NFRCS, zomwe zidawonetsa BCT yabwino kuposa Cm NFRCS. Kafukufuku wa FESEM adachitika motsatira njira yomwe Zhao et al. 32 adafotokoza ndi zosintha zazing'ono. NFRCS 20 mpaka 30 mg Ch NFRCS ndi Cp NFRCS zidasakanizidwa kale ndi 20 µl ya 3.8% sodium citrate yosakanikirana kale ndi magazi a makoswe. 20 μl ya 0.2 M CaCl2 idawonjezedwa ku zitsanzo zochiritsidwa ndi magazi kuti ayambitse kukhuthala ndipo zitsanzozo zidasungidwa kutentha kwa chipinda kwa mphindi 10. Kuphatikiza apo, ma erythrocyte ochulukirapo adachotsedwa pamwamba pa NFRCS potsuka ndi saline.
Zitsanzo zotsatira zinapatsidwa mankhwala a 0.1% glutaraldehyde kenako n’kuumitsa mu uvuni wotentha pa 37°C kuti achotse chinyezi. Zitsanzo zoumazo zinapakidwa ndi kufufuzidwa 32. Zithunzi zina zomwe zinapezeka panthawi yofufuzayi zinali kupangika kwa magazi pamwamba pa ulusi wa thonje, kuikidwa kwa polymer pakati pa Ct, mawonekedwe a erythrocyte (mawonekedwe), kulimba kwa magazi, ndi mawonekedwe a erythrocyte pamaso pa NFRCS. Madera a NFRCS osachiritsidwa ndi madera a NFRCS omwe amachiritsidwa ndi Ch ndi Cp omwe amaikidwa magazi adafufuzidwa kuti awone ma ayoni oyambira (sodium, potaziyamu, nayitrogeni, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper ndi selenium)33. Yerekezerani kuchuluka kwa ma ayoni oyambira pakati pa zitsanzo zomwe zachiritsidwa ndi zomwe sizinachiritsidwe kuti mumvetse kuchuluka kwa ma ayoni oyambira panthawi yopangika kwa magazi ndi kuphatikizika kwa magazi.
Kukhuthala kwa chophimba cha pamwamba cha Cp HFFC pamwamba pa Ct kunapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito FESEM. Magawo opingasa a Cp NFRCS adadulidwa kuchokera ku chimango ndipo adakutidwa ndi sputter. Zitsanzo za chophimba cha sputter zomwe zidapezeka zidawonedwa ndi FESEM ndipo makulidwe a chophimba cha pamwamba adayesedwa 34, 35, 36.
X-ray micro-CT imapereka chithunzi cha 3D chosawononga chapamwamba kwambiri ndipo imakulolani kuphunzira kapangidwe ka mkati mwa NFRK. Micro-CT imagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa X-ray komwe kumadutsa mu chitsanzocho kuti ilembe coefficient ya local linear attenuation ya X-rays mu chitsanzocho, zomwe zimathandiza kupeza zambiri za mawonekedwe. Malo amkati mwa Ct mu Cp NFRCS ndi Cp NFRCS yochiritsidwa m'magazi adawunikidwa ndi micro-CT kuti amvetsetse momwe magazi amayamwidwira bwino komanso kutseka magazi pamaso pa NFRCS37,38,39. Kapangidwe ka 3D ka zitsanzo za Cp NFRCS zochiritsidwa m'magazi komanso zosachiritsidwa zidamangidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito micro-CT (V|tome|x S240, Phoenix, Germany). Pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya VG STUDIO-MAX version 2.2, zithunzi zingapo za X-ray zidatengedwa kuchokera mbali zosiyanasiyana (makamaka 360° coverage) kuti apange zithunzi za 3D za NFRCS. Deta yosonkhanitsidwa idamangidwanso kukhala zithunzi za 3D volumetric pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yosavuta ya 3D ScanIP Academic.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuti timvetse kufalikira kwa magazi oundana, 20 µl ya magazi osakaniza ndi 20 µl ya 0.2 M CaCl2 zinawonjezedwa ku NFRCS kuti magazi ayambe kuundana. Zitsanzo zokonzedwazo zimasiyidwa kuti ziume. Pamwamba pa NFRK panachiritsidwa ndi 0.5% glutaraldehyde ndipo zinaumitsidwa mu uvuni wotentha pa 30–40°C kwa mphindi 30. Magazi oundana omwe anapangidwa pa NFRCS anafufuzidwa, kumangidwanso, ndipo chithunzi cha 3D cha magazi oundana chinawonetsedwa.
Kuyesa kwa mabakiteriya kunachitika pa Cp NFRCS (kuyerekeza ndi Ch NFRCS) pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe yafotokozedwa kale ndi zosintha zazing'ono. Mphamvu ya mabakiteriya ya Cp NFRCS ndi Cp HFCC idapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tosiyanasiyana [S.aureus (mabakiteriya a gramu-positive), E.coli (mabakiteriya a gramu-negative) ndi Candida woyera (C.albicans)] omwe amamera pa agar m'mbale za Petri mu incubator. Thirani 50 ml ya bacterial culture suspension yochepetsedwa pamlingo wa 105-106 CFU ml-1 pa agar medium. Thirani medium mu mbale ya Petri ndikulola kuti ikhale yolimba. Zitsime zinapangidwa pamwamba pa mbale ya agar kuti mudzaze ndi HFCC (zitsime zitatu za HFCC ndi chimodzi kuti muchepetse). Onjezani 200 µl HFCC ku zitsime zitatu ndi 200 µl pH 7.4 PBS ku chitsime chachinayi. Kumbali ina ya mbale ya petri, ikani diski ya 12 mm Cp NFRCS pa agar yolimba ndikunyowetsa ndi PBS (pH 7.4). Mapiritsi a Ciprofloxacin, ampicillin ndi fluconazole amaonedwa ngati miyezo yofunikira ya Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli ndi Candida albicans. Yesani chigawo cha kuletsa pamanja ndikujambula chithunzi cha digito cha chigawo cha kuletsa.
Pambuyo povomerezedwa ndi mabungwe, kafukufukuyu adachitika ku Kasturba Medical College of Education and Research ku Manipal, Karnataka, kum'mwera kwa India. Njira yoyesera ya in vitro TEG yawunikidwanso ndikuvomerezedwa ndi Institutional Ethics Committee ya Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka (IEC: 674/2020). Anthu omwe adasankhidwa adasankhidwa kuchokera kwa odzipereka opereka magazi (azaka zapakati pa 18 ndi 55) kuchokera ku banki yamagazi yachipatala. Kuphatikiza apo, fomu yovomerezeka yodziwitsidwa idapezedwa kuchokera kwa odzipereka kuti atenge zitsanzo zamagazi. Native TEG (N-TEG) idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphunzira momwe Cp HFC yapangidwira pamagazi athunthu osakanizidwa ndi sodium citrate. N-TEG imadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha ntchito yake pakubwezeretsa magazi pamalo osamalira odwala, zomwe zimapangitsa mavuto kwa asing'anga chifukwa cha kuchedwa kwakukulu kwa zotsatira (mayeso achizolowezi ozungulira magazi). Kusanthula kwa N-TEG kunachitika pogwiritsa ntchito magazi athunthu. Chilolezo chodziwitsidwa komanso mbiri yakale yazachipatala zidapezedwa kuchokera kwa onse omwe adachita nawo kafukufukuyu. Kafukufukuyu sanaphatikizepo omwe adachita nawo omwe ali ndi mavuto a hemostatic kapena thrombotic monga mimba/postpartum kapena matenda a chiwindi. Anthu omwe akumwa mankhwala omwe amakhudza kugawanika kwa magazi nawonso sanaphatikizidwe mu kafukufukuyu. Mayeso oyambira a labotale (hemoglobin, prothrombin time, activated thromboplastin ndi platelet count) adachitidwa kwa onse omwe adatenga nawo mbali motsatira njira zokhazikika. N-TEG imazindikira kukhuthala kwa magazi, kapangidwe koyambirira ka magazi, kuyanjana kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kulimbitsa magazi, ndi kugawanika kwa magazi. Kusanthula kwa N-TEG kumapereka deta yowonetsa komanso yowerengera zotsatira za zinthu zingapo zamaselo ndi plasma. Kusanthula kwa N-TEG kunachitika pa mavoliyumu awiri osiyana a Cp HFCC (10 µl ndi 50 µl). Zotsatira zake, 1 ml ya magazi onse okhala ndi citric acid adawonjezedwa ku 10 μl ya Cp HFCC. Onjezani 1 ml (Cp HFCC + magazi osungunuka), 340 µl ya magazi osakanikirana ku 20 µl 0.2 M CaCl2 yokhala ndi TEG dish. Pambuyo pake, mbale za TEG zinayikidwa mu TEG® 5000, US kuti ziyeze R, K, alpha angle, MA, G, CI, TPI, EPL, LY 30% ya zitsanzo za magazi pamaso pa Cp HFFC41.
Ndondomeko yophunzirira mu vivo idawunikidwanso ndikuvomerezedwa ndi Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC), Kasturba School of Medicine, Manipal Institute of Higher Education, Manipal (IAEC/KMC/69/2020). Kuyesa konse kwa nyama kunachitika motsatira malangizo a Komiti Yoyang'anira ndi Kuyang'anira Kuyesa kwa Zinyama (CPCSEA). Maphunziro onse a NFRCS mu vivo (2 × 2 cm2) adachitika pa makoswe aakazi a Wistar (olemera 200 mpaka 250 g). Zinyama zonse zidazolowera kutentha kwa 24-26°C, nyamazo zinali ndi mwayi wopeza chakudya ndi madzi wamba mosavuta. Zinyama zonse zidagawidwa mwachisawawa m'magulu osiyanasiyana, gulu lililonse linkakhala ndi nyama zitatu. Maphunziro onse adachitika motsatira Maphunziro a Zinyama: Lipoti la Kuyesa kwa In Vivo 43. Kafukufukuyu asanachitike, nyamazo zinapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu popereka mankhwala osakaniza a 20-50 mg wa ketamine (pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwa thupi) ndi 2-10 mg wa xylazine (pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwa thupi). Pambuyo pa kafukufukuyu, kuchuluka kwa magazi kunawerengedwa poyesa kusiyana pakati pa kulemera koyambirira ndi komaliza kwa zitsanzozo, ndipo mtengo wapakati womwe unapezeka kuchokera ku mayeso atatuwo unatengedwa ngati kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe anapezeka mu chitsanzocho.
Chitsanzo chodulira mchira wa makoswe chinagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti timvetsetse kuthekera kwa NFRCS kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa magazi panthawi ya ngozi, nkhondo, kapena ngozi zapamsewu (chitsanzo chovulala). Dulani 50% ya mchira ndi tsamba la scalpel ndikuyiyika mumlengalenga kwa masekondi 15 kuti muwonetsetse kuti kutuluka kwa magazi kumakhala koyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, zitsanzo zoyesera zinayikidwa pamchira wa makoswe poika mphamvu (Ct, Cs, Ch NFRCS ndi Cp NFRCS). Kutuluka magazi ndi PCT zinanenedwa pa zitsanzo zoyesera (n = 3)17,45.
Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa NFRCS polamulira kuthamanga kwa magazi pankhondo kunafufuzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha mtsempha wamagazi wa pamwamba pa femoral. Mtsempha wamagazi wa femoral umaonekera, umabowoledwa ndi 24G trocar, ndipo umatuluka magazi mkati mwa masekondi 15. Pambuyo poti magazi osalamulirika apezeka, chitsanzo choyeseracho chimayikidwa pamalo obowoledwawo ndi kupanikizika. Nthawi yomweyo pambuyo poti chitsanzo choyeseracho chagwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawi yowuma magazi inalembedwa ndipo mphamvu ya hemostatic inawonedwa kwa mphindi 5 zotsatira. Njira yomweyi inabwerezedwanso ndi Cs ndi Ct46.
Dowling ndi anzake 47 adapereka chitsanzo cha kuvulala kwa chiwindi kuti awone mphamvu ya hemostatic ya zinthu zochotsa magazi m'thupi panthawi ya opaleshoni. BCT idalembedwa pa zitsanzo za Ct (negative control), Cs framework (positive control), Ch NFRCS zitsanzo, ndi Cp NFRCS zitsanzo. Vena cava ya suprahepatic ya khoswe idawonekera pochita laparotomy yapakati. Pambuyo pake, gawo lakutali la lobe yakumanzere linadulidwa ndi lumo. Pangani chilonda m'chiwindi ndi tsamba la scalpel ndikuchisiya kuti chituluke magazi kwa masekondi angapo. Zitsanzo zoyesera za Ch NFRCS ndi Cp NFRCS zoyesedwa bwino zidayikidwa pamalo owonongeka popanda kupanikizika kulikonse ndipo BCT idalembedwa. Gulu lowongolera (Ct) kenako linagwiritsa ntchito kupanikizika kutsatiridwa ndi Cs 30 s47 popanda kuswa kuvulala.
Mayeso ochizira mabala m'thupi la munthu adachitika pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha mabala ochotsa mabala kuti awone momwe mabala amachiritsira ma NFRCS omwe adapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito polymer. Zitsanzo za mabala ochotsa mabala zidasankhidwa ndipo zidachitidwa motsatira njira zomwe zidasindikizidwa kale ndi zosintha zazing'ono19,32,48. Zinyama zonse zidapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu monga momwe tafotokozera kale. Gwiritsani ntchito kubowola kwa biopsy (12 mm) kuti mupange chotupa chozungulira chakuya pakhungu lakumbuyo. Malo okonzekera mabala adapangidwa ndi Cs (poyang'anira bwino), Ct (podziwa kuti mapepala a thonje amasokoneza machiritso), Ch NFRCS ndi Cp NFRCS (gulu loyesera) ndi negative control popanda chithandizo chilichonse. Pa tsiku lililonse la kafukufukuyu, dera la bala lidayesedwa m'makoswe onse. Gwiritsani ntchito kamera ya digito kuti mujambule chithunzi cha dera la bala ndikuyika chovala chatsopano. Chiwerengero cha kutsekedwa kwa bala chidayesedwa ndi njira iyi:
Kutengera kuchuluka kwa kutsekedwa kwa mabala pa tsiku la 12 la kafukufukuyu, khungu la makoswe la gulu labwino kwambiri linachotsedwa ((Cp NFRCS) ndi gulu lowongolera) ndipo linaphunziridwa ndi H&E staining ndi Masson's trichrome staining. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa kutsekedwa kwa mabala pa tsiku la 12 la kafukufukuyu, khungu la makoswe la gulu labwino kwambiri linachotsedwa ((Cp NFRCS) ndi gulu lowongolera) ndipo linaphunziridwa ndi H&E staining ndi Masson's trichrome staining.Kutengera kuchuluka kwa kutsekedwa kwa mabala pa tsiku la 12 la kafukufukuyu, khungu la makoswe a gulu labwino kwambiri ((Cp NFRCS) ndi gulu loyang'anira) linachotsedwa ndikuwunika popaka utoto ndi hematoxylin-eosin ndi Masson's trichrome.根据研究第12天的伤口闭合百分比，切除最佳组((Cp NFRCS)和对照组)的大鼠皮肤，进行H&E染色和Masson三色染色研究.根据研第第12天的伤口闭合百分比，切除最佳组((Cp NFRCS)和对照组)的大鼠皮肤，进行H&E扄)Makoswe omwe ali m'gulu labwino kwambiri ((Cp NFRCS) ndi magulu owongolera) adachotsedwa kuti awononge hematoxylin-eosin ndi utoto wa Masson's trichrome kutengera kuchuluka kwa mabala omwe adatsekedwa pa tsiku la 12 la kafukufukuyu.Njira yopaka utoto yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito idachitika motsatira njira zomwe zidafotokozedwa kale49,50. Mwachidule, atakhazikitsa 10% formalin, zitsanzozo zidachotsedwa madzi pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya alcohols. Gwiritsani ntchito microtome kuti mupeze magawo oonda (5 µm makulidwe) a minofu yochotsedwa. Magawo owonda a controls ndi Cp NFRCS adachiritsidwa ndi hematoxylin ndi eosin kuti aphunzire kusintha kwa histopathological. Masson's trichrome stain idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira kupangika kwa collagen fibrils. Zotsatira zomwe zidapezeka zidaphunziridwa mosawona ndi akatswiri a matenda.
Kukhazikika kwa zitsanzo za Cp NFRCS kunaphunziridwa kutentha kwa chipinda (25°C ± 2°C/60% RH ± 5%) kwa miyezi 125. Cp NFRCS (kusintha kwa mtundu wa pamwamba ndi kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda) inayang'aniridwa ndi maso ndikuyesedwa kuti ione ngati singagwere bwino komanso BCT malinga ndi njira zomwe zili pamwambapa zomwe zafotokozedwa mu gawo la Zipangizo ndi Njira.
Kuchuluka ndi kubwerezabwereza kwa Cp NFRCS kunayesedwa pokonza Cp NFRCS yokhala ndi kukula kwa 15×15 cm2. Kuphatikiza apo, zitsanzo za 30 mg (n = 5) zinachotsedwa kuchokera ku zigawo zosiyanasiyana za Cp NFRCS ndipo BCT ya zitsanzo zomwe zinaphunziridwa idayesedwa monga momwe tafotokozera kale mu gawo la Njira.
Tayesa kupanga mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe ka mitundu yosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Cp NFRCS yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa zamankhwala. Mitundu kapena mawonekedwe oterewa akuphatikizapo swabs zozungulira za m'mphuno, opaleshoni ya mano, ndi swabs zozungulira za magazi m'mimba.
Ma data onse amafotokozedwa ngati apakati ± standard deviation ndipo adawunikidwa ndi ANOVA pogwiritsa ntchito Prism 5.03 (GraphPad, San Diego, CA, USA) kutsatiridwa ndi mayeso a Bonferroni oyerekeza angapo (*p<0.05).
Njira zonse zomwe zinachitidwa mu maphunziro a anthu zinali zogwirizana ndi miyezo ya Institute ndi National Research Council, komanso Chilengezo cha Helsinki cha 1964 ndi zosintha zake zotsatira, kapena miyezo yofanana ya makhalidwe abwino. Ophunzira onse adadziwitsidwa za mawonekedwe a kafukufukuyu komanso momwe amafunira. Deta ya ophunzira imakhalabe yachinsinsi akangosonkhanitsidwa. Njira yoyesera ya in vitro TEG yawunikidwanso ndikuvomerezedwa ndi Institutional Ethics Committee ya Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka (IEC: 674/2020). Odzipereka adasaina chilolezo chodziwitsidwa kuti atenge zitsanzo za magazi.
Njira zonse zomwe zinachitidwa mu maphunziro a nyama zinachitidwa motsatira Kastuba Faculty of Medicine, Manipal Institute of Higher Education, Manipal (IAEC/KMC/69/2020). Kuyesera konse kwa nyama komwe kunapangidwa kunachitidwa motsatira malangizo a Komiti Yoyang'anira ndi Kuyang'anira Kuyesera kwa Zinyama (CPCSEA). Olemba onse amatsatira malangizo a ARRIVE.
Ma spectra a FTIR a ma NFRCS onse adasanthulidwa ndikuyerekezeredwa ndi chitosan spectrum yomwe yawonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 2A. Ma spectral peaks a chitosan (olembedwa) pa 3437 cm-1 (OH ndi NH stretching, overlap), 2945 ndi 2897 cm-1 (CH stretching), 1660 cm-1 (NH2 strain), 1589 cm-1 (N–H bending ), 1157 cm-1 (bridge stretch O-), 1067 cm-1 (stretch C–O, secondary hydroxyl), 993 cm-1 (stretch CO, Bo-OH) 52.53.54. Gome Lowonjezera S1 likuwonetsa ma FTIR NFRCS absorption spectrum values a chitosan (reporter), pure chitosan, Cm, Ch, ndi Cp. Ma spectra a FTIR a NFRCS zonse (Cm, Ch ndi Cp) adawonetsa mikanda yofanana ya kuyamwa monga chitosan yoyera popanda kusintha kwakukulu (Chithunzi 2A). Zotsatira za FTIR zidatsimikizira kuti palibe kuyanjana kwa mankhwala kapena thupi pakati pa ma polima omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga NFRCS, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti ma polima omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi osagwira ntchito.
Kufotokozera kwa Cm NFRCS, Ch NFRCS, Cp NFRCS ndi Cs mu vitro. (A) ikuyimira ma FTIR spectra ophatikizana a chitosan ndi Cm NFRCS, Ch NFRCS ndi Cp NFRCS omwe ali pansi pa kupsinjika. (B) a) Kuchuluka kwa NFRCS Cm, Ch, Cp, ndi Cg m'magazi onse (n = 3); Zitsanzo za Ct zinawonetsa BAR yokwera chifukwa thonje lopopera lili ndi mphamvu yayikulu yoyamwa; b) Magazi atayamwa magazi Chithunzi cha chitsanzo choyamwa. Chithunzi cha BCT ya chitsanzo choyesera C (Cp NFRCS inali ndi BCT yabwino kwambiri (masekondi 15, n = 3)). Deta mu C, D, E, ndi G yawonetsedwa ngati yapakati ± SD, ndipo mipiringidzo ya zolakwika ikuyimira SD, ***p < 0.0001. Deta mu C, D, E, ndi G yawonetsedwa ngati yapakati ± SD, ndipo mipiringidzo ya zolakwika ikuyimira SD, ***p < 0.0001. Данные в C, D, E ndi G представлены как среднее ± стандартное отклонение, а планки погрешностей представляют стандартное отклонение,0,0. Deta mu C, D, E, ndi G imawonetsedwa ngati pakati ± kupotoka kokhazikika, ndipo mipiringidzo yolakwika imayimira kupotoka kokhazikika, ***p<0.0001. C, D, E 和G 中的数据显示為平均值± SD，误差线代表SD,***p <0.0001. C, D, E 和G 中的数据显示為平均值± SD，误差线代表SD,***p <0.0001. Данные в C, D, E & G показаны как среднее значение значение ± стандартное отклонение, планки погрешностей представляют стандартное отклонение,0,00,000 Deta mu C, D, E, ndi G ikuwonetsedwa ngati pakati ± kupotoka kokhazikika, mipiringidzo yolakwika ikuyimira kupotoka kokhazikika, ***p<0.0001.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-13-2022
