Iyada oo qayb ka ah caymiska la balaariyay ee Abaalmarinnada Dhismaha AIA 2021, nooca la soo koobay ee cutubkan soo socda ayaa ka muuqda arrinta May/June 2021 ee ARCHITECT.
Way adag tahay in la qiyaaso tusaale dib-u-isticmaalka la qabsiga ah oo sababi kara xaalad aad u qurux badan oo ka dhex jirta dadka xiiseeya dhismaha casriga ah marka loo eego Huteelka Universal. Iyada oo lala kaashanayo Lubrano Ciavarra Architects, Eero Saarinen ayaa soo kabashadiisa terminaalka garoonka diyaaradaha ee John F. Kennedy ee New York 1962 ku dhacday Beyer Blinder Belle. Laga bilaabo ku dhawaad ​​20 sano ka hor, qaabka shubka ah ee gabowga ayaa qaab dhismeed ahaan loo hagaajiyay. Naqshadeeyuhu waxa uu si guul leh u bedelay xarunta u noqotey goob huteel cusub oo cusub, iyadoo si faahfaahsan loo cusboonaysiiyey-isaga oo bedelaya foornada yaryar ee dabaqa duqowga ah-iyo Aragti-shaqo geesinimo leh oo ay la socdaan koox iskaashato ah si ay ugu daraan laba dhismo oo cusub labada dhinac ee dhismaha asalka ah si ay u siiyaan hudheelka qolal cusub oo marti ah iyo qalabyo cusub, iyada oo la ilaalinayo xaruntii hore ee duulimaadka. Asalka farsamada iyo degenaanshaha farshaxanka, naqshadeeyayaasha waxay ku guuleysteen qaar ka mid ah gaadiid suugaaneed iyo sarbeeb ah.
Mashruuca credit mashruuca: Global Airlines Hotel. Madaarka JFK ee Queens, New York Macmiil: Mashruuca Horumarinta MCR Naqshadeeye / Ilaalinta: Beyer Blinder Belle. Richard Southwick, FAIA (Lamaane, Agaasimaha Ilaalinta), Miriam Kelly (Maamulaha), Orest Krawciw, AIA (Maamulaha), Carmen Menocal, AIA (Maamule), Joe Gall, AIA (Kaaliyaha Sare), Susan Bopp, Assoc. AIA (kaaliyaha), Efi Orfanou, (kaaliye), Michael Elizabeth Rozas, AIA (kaaliyaha), Monika Sarac, AIA (kaaliyaha) naqshadeeyaha latalinta iyo naqshadeeyaha naqshadeynta hoteelka: Lubrano Ciavarra Architects. Anne Marie Lubrano, AIA (Chief) qolka hudheelka naqshadeynta gudaha, qayb ka mid ah aagga dadweynaha: Stonehill Taylor. Sara Duffy (Maamule) Naqshadaynta gudaha ee shirarka iyo goobaha dhacdooyinka: INC Architecture & Design. Adam Rolston (Agaasimaha Hal-abuurka iyo Maaraynta, Shuraakada) Injineer makaanikada: Jaros, Baum & Bolles. Christopher Horch (la-wadaagaha) Injineer qaab dhismeedka: ARUP. Ian Buckley (Madaxweyne ku xigeenka) Injineer koronto: Jaros, Baum & Bolles. Christopher Horch (La-wadaage) Injineer Rayid/Injineer-Geotechnical: Langan. Michelle O'Connor (Maamulaha) Maamulaha Dhismaha: Shirkadda Dhismaha ee Turner. Gary McAssey (Mashruuca Fulinta) Naqshadeeye muuqaalka muuqaalka: Mathews Nielsen Landscape Architects (MNLA). Signe Nielsen (Madaxa) Nakhshadeeyaha Iftiinka, Hotel: Cooley Monato Studios. Emily Monato (qofka mas'uulka ah) naqshadeynta nalka, xarunta duulimaadka: One Lux Studio. Jack Bailey (Lamaane) Naqshadaynta Adeegga Cuntada: Tallaabada xigta. Eric McDonnell (Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Sare) Aagga: 390,000 cagood oo laba jibbaaran
Qalabka iyo sheyga acoustic dahaarka: Pyrok Acoustement 40 Rakibaadda qolka musqusha: Kohler (Caxton Oval saxan hoostiisa, qasabadaha isku dhafka ah iyo qurxinta qubeyska, Santa Rosa) Roogga: Bentley ("Chile Pepper" Broadloom roog) Saqafka: Owens Corning Eurospan (Stretch Fabric acoustic panel) dhismaha dhismaha) Derbiga daah ee hudheelka: Fabrica (nidaamka derbiga muraayadda saddex-lakab ah ee muraayadda ah) derbiga daahyada: Griffith rubber (guga qufulka daahyada derbiga albaabka) albaabka albaabka: YKK (YKK model 20D dhuuban tallaabo tallaabo) albaab leh dhammaystiran aluminium anodized hufan New York Farshaxan alwaax gudaha ah oo loo habeeyay ( fadhiga fadhiga gaarka ah) nidaamka tareenada: Dhismaha Oldcastle Dhismaha baqshadda muraayadda, CRL daahyada gidaarka gidaarka qalabka galaaska: Vitro Architectural Glass (PPG) SolexiaGypsum: Boodhka Gypsum ee Dabka Bo's ndHVAC: Unugga gariiradda faneedka toosan - Nooca TVS-ga Nidaamka xakamaynta nalalka Rockwool: ETCAdjustable Louvered Sphere Spotlight; Taangiga nooca cudud leh: Spectrum LightingInground Iftiinka duulista: iftiinka duulaya (HL-280 oo leh iftiinka Soraa), calaamada iftiinka: Nidaamka astaanta astaanta ee alxanka birta gacan birta ah ee alxanka leh: Champion Metal & Glass's 316L rinjiga birta aan wanaagsanayn iyo dhammayn: Regal Select Premium Rinjiga gudaha ee Benjamin MooreRoofing: Caag kulul oo dahaarka leh - Qalabka aan biyaha lahayn
Mashruucu wuxuu ku guuleystay Abaalmarinta Dhismaha AIA 2021. Soo gudbinta Abaalmarinnada AIA ee shirkadda 2021: TWA Hotel waxay ku durtay firfircooni cusub xarunta duulimaadka ee Eero Saarinen ee TWA ee Madaarka Caalamiga ah ee John F. Kennedy ee New York. Tani waa mid ka mid ah tusaalooyinka ugu quruxda badan ee naqshadaha casriga ah ee bartamaha qarnigan. In kasta oo qaabkeeda muujinta ahi uu muddo dheer xasuusin jiray duullimaad, dib-u-habaynteedii iyo ballaadhinteedii in ka badan 250,000 cagood oo laba jibbaaran ayaa u oggolaanaysa inay noqoto halka ay ku socoto ee wadnaha mid ka mid ah madaarada adduunka ugu mashquulka badan. Markii la nashqadeeyay bartamihii 1950-meeyadii, xarunta Saarinen waxay taageertay nooc safar hawada ah oo aad uga duwan kan maanta. Si ay u dejiso 80-kii rakaabka ee diyaaradda propeller iyo Boeing's first jet airliners, Terminalku waxa uu awoodi waayay in uu xakameyo diyaarada ballaaran ee soo muuqatay wax yar ka dib markii la furay. Sababo la xiriira awood la'aanta in la dejiyo rakaab badan iyo shuruudaha maaraynta shandadaha, xaruntu si dhakhso ah ayay u noqotay gabowday, TWA ka dibna way kacday. Inkasta oo ay cillado leedahay, Guddiga Ilaalinta Calaamadaha Magaalada New York waxay u asteeyeen xarunta inay noqoto calaamad 1995-kii, iyaga oo qiraya abtirsiinteeda dhismaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka hor inta aan Maamulka Dekedda ee New York iyo New Jersey dhisin terminal cusub oo JetBlue ah oo ka dambeeya xarunta, weli si fudud ayaa loo dumin karaa ilaa si wax ku ool ah loo dhigo. Kooxda nakhshaduhu waxay markii hore ula shaqeeyeen sidii lataliye ilaalin ah Maamulka Dekedda si ay u dejiyaan xaaladda bannaan ee xarunta 2002 ka dib markii TWA ay kacday. Wax ka bedelka xarunta iyo huteelka ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyay laba marxaladood. Marxaladda ugu horreysa waxay ahayd in dib loo soo celiyo booska gudaha ee xudunta u ah xarunta. Midda labaad waxa qaaday huteelada dhistay si ay u dhamaystirto mashruuca. Xaruntan taariikhiga ah waxay hadda leedahay lix makhaayadood, xarun jimicsi, dukaamo badan iyo hool 250 qof ah oo ay dadka rakaabka ahi ka soo qaadan jireen boorsooyinkooda. Maaddaama uu yahay hudheelka kaliya ee ku yaala gegida dayuuradaha, waxa uu soo dhawaynayaa in ka badan 160,000 oo rakaab ah oo dhex mara xarunta maalin kasta. Labada baal ee huteelka cusub waxa lagu habeeyay hareeraha dhuumaha rakaabka, oo ku yaala inta u dhaxaysa badhtamaha iyo jidka ku xiga ee JetBlue. baalasha waxaa lagu duuduubay gidaar saddex lakab ah oo galaas ah, kaas oo ka kooban todobo xabbo oo quraarad ah, kuwaas oo bixin kara dahaarka dhawaaqa. Garabka woqooyi wuxuu leeyahay warshad koronto kuleyl ah, garabka koonfureedna waxaa ku jira barkad barkad oo 10,000 cag laba jibaaran leh. Kooxdu waxay aad ugu dheeraatay inay dayactirto xarunta duulimaadka, oo ay ku jiraan qolofka, dhamaystirka iyo nidaamyada. Shaqadan waxaa lagu helay sawirro iyo sawirro laga soo qaatay Saarinen Archives ee Jaamacadda Yale, oo kooxdu ay u adeegsatay dib u soo celinta dhismaha heerarkii dib u soo celinta Wasiirka Arrimaha Gudaha. Darbiga daahyada ee xarunta wuxuu ka kooban yahay 238 trapezoidal panels, kuwaas oo inta badan ku guuldareysta. Kooxdu waxay ku hagaajiyeen iyaga oo isticmaalaya gaasadaha jibbaarka neoprene iyo muraayado kulul oo u dhigma cagaarkii asalka ahaa. Gudaha gudaheeda, in ka badan 20 milyan oo foorno dinaar ah oo si gaar ah loo sameeyay ayaa loo isticmaalay in si adag loogu hagaajiyo dusha sare ee xarunta oo dhan. Faragelin kasta oo cusub oo ay kooxdu soo bandhigtay si taxadar leh ayay u miisaaman tahay si loo tixraaco bilicda Saarinen. Qurxinta qaninimada leh ee alwaax, bir, muraayado, iyo foorno ayaa sii wada dhaqanka xarunta ee xarrago casriga ah. Si loo abaalmariyo noloshii hore ee xarunta, waxa ay soo bandhigtay bandhigyo waxbarid oo ku saabsan Saarinen, TWA iyo taariikhda garoonka diyaaradaha. Xiddigga Lockheed L1648A, oo lagu naaneeso "Connie", oo dib loo soo celiyay 1958-kii, ayaa fadhida bannaanka waxaana hadda loo isticmaalaa sidii goob iskookteel ah. Meesha Dhacdada Macmiil: Hawlwadeenka Madaarka Horumarinta MCR/Morse: Maamulka Dekedda ee New York iyo New Jersey
Magazine Architect: Naqshadaynta Naqshad | Architectural Online: Websaydhka ugu sarreeya ee naqshadeeyayaasha iyo xirfadlayaasha warshadaha dhismaha si ay u bixiyaan wararka iyo ilaha dhismaha ee warshadaha dhismaha.