Lapho sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha indawo yokuhlanza ifektri i-spiral groove bearing assembly, iPhilips Medical Systems yaphendukela ku-Ecoclean futhi.
Ngemva nje kokutholakala kwama-X-ray nguWilhelm Conrad Röntgen ngo-1895, iPhilips Medical Systems DMC GmbH yaqala ukuthuthukisa nokukhiqiza amashubhu e-X-ray kanye noCarl Heinrich Florenz Müller, umbhuli wengilazi owazalelwa eThuringia, eJalimane. NgoMashi 1896, wayeseyakhe ishubhu lokuqala le-X-ray endaweni yakhe yokusebenzela, futhi eminyakeni emithathu kamuva wanikeza ilungelo lobunikazi imodeli yokuqala yokulwa ne-cathode epholile ngamanzi. Isivinini sokuthuthukiswa kwamashubhu kanye nempumelelo yobuchwepheshe bamashubhu e-X-ray kwakhuthaza isidingo somhlaba wonke, kwaguqula ama-workshop ochwepheshe aba amafektri akhethekile eshubhu le-X-ray. Ngo-1927, iPhilips, eyayingumnikazi wamasheya kuphela ngaleso sikhathi, yathatha imboni futhi yaqhubeka nokubumba ubuchwepheshe be-X-ray ngezixazululo ezintsha kanye nokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo.
Imikhiqizo esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo zePhilips futhi ethengiswa ngaphansi komkhiqizo weDunlee inegalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwezithombe zokuxilonga, i-computed tomography (CT) kanye ne-interventional radiology.
“Ngaphezu kwamasu okukhiqiza esimanje, ukunemba okuphezulu kanye nokwenza ngcono inqubo eqhubekayo, ukuhlanzeka kwezingxenye kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka kokusebenza kanye nobude besikhathi semikhiqizo yethu,” kusho u-André Hatje, Unjiniyela Omkhulu Wokuthuthukiswa Kwezinqubo, i-X-ray Tubes Division. Imininingwane yokungcoliswa kwezinhlayiya ezisele—izinhlayiya ezimbili noma ngaphansi kuka-5µm kanye nosayizi owodwa noma ngaphansi kuka-10µm—kumele kuhlangatshezwane nayo lapho kuhlanzwa izingxenye ezahlukene ze-X-ray tube—kugcizelelwa ukuhlanzeka okudingekayo kule nqubo.
Uma sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha imishini yokuhlanza izingxenye ze-Philips spiral groove bearing component, inkampani yenza ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu kube yisici sayo esiyinhloko. I-molybdenum bearing iyinsika ye-X-ray tube yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwe-laser kwesakhiwo se-groove, kwenziwa isinyathelo sokugaya esomile. Kulandela ukuhlanza, lapho uthuli lokugaya kanye nentuthu kufanele kususwe emifantwini eshiywe yinqubo ye-laser. Ukuze kube lula ukuqinisekiswa kwenqubo, kusetshenziswa imishini ejwayelekile ehlanganisiwe yokuhlanza. Ngokuphikisana nalesi sizinda, umthuthukisi wenqubo uxhumane nabakhiqizi abaningana bemishini yokuhlanza, okuhlanganisa ne-Ecoclean GmbH eFilderstadt.
Ngemva kokuhlolwa kokuhlanza ngabakhiqizi abaningana, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi ukuhlanzeka okudingekayo kwezingxenye ze-helical groove bearing kungatholakala kuphela nge-EcoCwave ye-Ecoclean.
Lo mshini wenqubo yokucwilisa nokufutha usebenza nge-media yokuhlanza ene-asidi efanayo eyayisetshenziswa ePhilips futhi uhlanganisa indawo engamamitha-skwele angu-6.9. Uhlonyiswe ngamathangi amathathu okugcwala, elilodwa lokuwasha kanye namabili okuhlanza, ukwakheka kwesilinda okulungele ukugeleza kanye nendawo eqondile kuvimbela ukwakheka kokungcola. Ithangi ngalinye linesekethe ye-media ehlukile enokuhlunga okugeleza okugcwele, ngakho-ke ukuhlanza nokuhlanza uketshezi kuyahlungwa ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa nokukhipha kanye nokungena ngaphakathi. Amanzi ahlanjululwe ukuze kuhlanjululwe okokugcina acutshungulwa ohlelweni oluhlanganisiwe lwe-Aquaclean.
Amaphampu alawulwa yimvamisa avumela ukugeleza ukuthi kulungiswe ngokwezingxenye ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa nokuthulula. Lokhu kuvumela isitudiyo ukuthi sigcwaliswe emazingeni ahlukene ukuze kushintshwe imidiya eningi ezindaweni ezibalulekile zokuhlanganiswa. Izingxenye zibe seziyomiswa ngomoya oshisayo kanye ne-vacuum.
“Sijabule kakhulu ngemiphumela yokuhlanza. Zonke izingxenye ziphume efektri zihlanzekile kangangokuthi sikwazi ukuzidlulisela ngqo egumbini elihlanzekile ukuze ziqhubeke nokucutshungulwa,” kusho uHatje, ephawula ukuthi izinyathelo ezilandelayo zazihilela ukunamathisela izingxenye nokuzimboza ngensimbi ewuketshezi.
I-Philips isebenzisa umshini we-ultrasonic onezigaba eziningi oneminyaka engu-18 ubudala ovela ku-UCM AG ukuze ihlanze izingxenye ezisukela kuzikulufo ezincane namapuleti e-anode kuya kuma-cathode sleeves kanye nama-casing pans angu-225mm ububanzi. Izinsimbi ezenziwe ngazo lezi zingxenye zihlukahlukene ngokulinganayo - izinto ze-nickel-iron, insimbi engagqwali, i-molybdenum, ithusi, i-tungsten kanye ne-titanium.
“Izingxenye ziyahlanzwa ngemva kwezinyathelo ezahlukene zokucubungula, njengokugaya nokufaka i-electroplating, nangaphambi kokufaka i-anneal noma i-brazing. Ngenxa yalokho, lo mshini osetshenziswa kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lokuhlinzeka ngezinto futhi uyaqhubeka nokunikeza imiphumela yokuhlanza eyanelisayo,” kusho uHatje Say.
Kodwa-ke, inkampani yafinyelela umkhawulo wayo womthamo futhi yanquma ukuthenga umshini wesibili kwa-UCM, isigaba se-SBS Ecoclean Group esigxile ekuhlanzeni okunembile nokucolisisiwe kakhulu. Nakuba imishini ekhona yayingakwazi ukusingatha inqubo, inani lezinyathelo zokuhlanza nokuhlanza, kanye nenqubo yokomisa, i-Philips yayifuna uhlelo olusha lokuhlanza olusheshayo, oluguquguqukayo futhi olunikeza imiphumela engcono.
Ezinye izingxenye azihlanzwanga kahle ngesistimu yazo yamanje ngesikhathi sesigaba sokuhlanza esiphakathi, okungazange kuthinte izinqubo ezalandela.
Kubandakanya ukulayisha nokulayisha, uhlelo lokuhlanza lwe-ultrasonic oluvalekile ngokuphelele luneziteshi ezingu-12 kanye namayunithi amabili okudlulisa. Zingahlelwa ngokukhululeka, kanye namapharamitha enqubo emathangini ahlukahlukene.
“Ukuze sihlangabezane nezidingo ezahlukene zokuhlanzeka kwezingxenye ezahlukene kanye nezinqubo ezilandelanayo, sisebenzisa izinhlelo zokuhlanza ezingaba ngu-30 ezahlukene ohlelweni, ezikhethwa ngokuzenzakalelayo uhlelo lwebhakhodi oluhlanganisiwe,” kuchaza uHatje.
Ama-rack okuthutha alolu hlelo afakwe ama-gripper ahlukene aqoqa izitsha zokuhlanza futhi enze imisebenzi efana nokuphakamisa, ukwehlisa nokujikeleza esiteshini sokucubungula. Ngokusho kohlelo, ukudlula okungenzeka kungaba amabhasikidi ayi-12 kuya kwangu-15 ngehora asebenza ngamashifu amathathu, izinsuku eziyi-6 ngesonto.
Ngemva kokulayisha, amathangi okuqala amane aklanyelwe inqubo yokuhlanza enesinyathelo sokuhlanza esiphakathi nendawo. Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono futhi esheshayo, ithangi lokuhlanza lifakwe amagagasi e-ultrasonic amaningi (25kHz kanye no-75kHz) phansi nasemaceleni. I-flange ye-plate sensor ifakwe ethangini lamanzi ngaphandle kwezingxenye zokuqoqa ukungcola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithangi lokuwasha linohlelo lokuhlunga olungezansi futhi lugcwele kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ukuze kukhishwe izinhlayiya ezilengayo nezintantayo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yikuphi ukungcola okususiwe okuqongeleleka phansi kuhlukaniswa yi-nozzle yokugeza bese kudonswa endaweni ephansi kakhulu yethangi. Uketshezi oluvela ohlelweni lokuhlunga olungaphezulu nolungezansi lucutshungulwa ngezifunda zokuhlunga ezihlukene. Ithangi lokuhlanza liphinde lifakwe idivayisi yokususa amafutha nge-electrolytic.
“Sithuthukise lesi sici nge-UCM yemishini emidala ngoba siphinde sisivumele ukuthi sihlanze izingxenye nge-dry polishing paste,” kusho uHatje.
Kodwa-ke, ukuhlanza okusha okungeziwe kungcono kakhulu. Ukuhlanza okufuthwayo ngamanzi ahlanzekile kufakwe esiteshini sokwelapha sesihlanu ukuze kususwe uthuli olucolekile olusanamathele ebusweni ngemva kokuhlanza kanye nokuhlanza kokuqala kokucwilisa.
Ukuhlanza ngokufutha kulandelwa iziteshi ezintathu zokuhlanza ngokucwilisa. Ezingxenyeni ezenziwe ngezinto zensimbi, kufakwa i-corrosion inhibitor emanzini ahlanjululwe asetshenziswa emjikelezweni wokugcina wokuhlanza. Zonke iziteshi ezine zokuhlanza zinemishini yokuphakamisa ngayinye yokususa amabhasikidi ngemva kwesikhathi esibekiwe sokuhlala nokuphazamisa izingxenye ngenkathi zihlanza. Iziteshi ezimbili ezilandelayo zokomisa ingxenye zihlonyiswe ngemishini yokuhlanza ehlanganisiwe ye-infrared vacuum. Esiteshini sokukhipha impahla, indlu enebhokisi lokugeleza le-laminar elihlanganisiwe ivimbela ukungcola kwezingxenye.
“Uhlelo olusha lokuhlanza lusinika izinketho eziningi zokuhlanza, okusivumela ukuthi sithole imiphumela yokuhlanza engcono ngezikhathi zomjikelezo ezimfushane. Yingakho sihlela ukuba ne-UCM ithuthukise imishini yethu emidala ngendlela efanele,” kuphetha uHatje.