Isingeniso
Ibanga 304 liyinsimbi engagqwali ejwayelekile "engu-18/8"; iyinsimbi engagqwali esetshenziswa kakhulu futhi eguquguqukayo, etholakala emikhiqizweni ebanzi, ezinhlotsheni naseziqedweni kunanoma iyiphi enye. Inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokwakheka nokushisela. Isakhiwo esilinganiselwe se-austenitic sebanga 304 siyenza ikwazi ukudonswa ngokujulile ngaphandle kokushisela okuphakathi, okwenze leli banga laba likhulu ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye ezingagqwali ezidonsiwe njengezinki, izinto ezingenalutho kanye nama-saucepan. Kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza kuvamile ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezikhethekile ze-"304DDQ" (Ikhwalithi Yokudweba Ejulile). Ibanga 304 libhuleka kalula noma ligoqeke lenziwe izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zokusetshenziswa emkhakheni wezimboni, wezakhiwo, kanye nowezokuthutha. Ibanga 304 liphinde libe nezici ezinhle kakhulu zokushisela. Ukushisela ngemuva kokushisela akudingeki lapho kushiselwa izingxenye ezincane.
Ibanga 304L, inguqulo ye-304 ephansi yekhabhoni, ayidingi ukushintshwa kwe-post-weld ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kakhulu ezingxenyeni ze-heavy gauge (ngaphezu kuka-6mm). Ibanga 304H elinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoni lisebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Isakhiwo se-austenitic sinikeza lawa mazinga ukuqina okuhle kakhulu, ngisho nasezingeni lokushisa eli-cryogenic.
Izakhiwo Eziyinhloko
Lezi zakhiwo zichazwe kumkhiqizo ogoqwe ngendlela eyisicaba (ipuleti, ishidi kanye nekhoyili) ku-ASTM A240/A240M. Izakhiwo ezifanayo kodwa ezingafani ngempela zichazwe kweminye imikhiqizo efana nepayipi kanye nebha ngokwezincazelo zazo.
Ukwakheka
Ububanzi obujwayelekile bokwakheka kwezinsimbi ezingagqwali zebanga lama-304 bunikezwe kuthebula 1.
| Ibanga | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni | N | |
| 304 | umzuzu. ubuningi. | - 0.08 | - 2.0 | - 0.75 | - 0.045 | - 0.030 | 18.0 20.0 | - | 8.0 10.5 | - 0.10 |
| 304L | umzuzu. ubuningi. | - 0.030 | - 2.0 | - 0.75 | - 0.045 | - 0.030 | 18.0 20.0 | - | 8.0 12.0 | - 0.10 |
| 304H | umzuzu. ubuningi. | 0.04 0.10 | - 2.0 | - 0.75 | -0.045 | - 0.030 | 18.0 20.0 | - | 8.0 10.5 | |
Ithebula 1.Ububanzi bokwakheka kwensimbi engagqwali yebanga elingu-304
Izakhiwo Zemishini
Izakhiwo ezijwayelekile zemishini zezinsimbi ezingagqwali zebanga lama-304 zinikezwe kuthebula 2.
Ithebula 2.Izakhiwo zemishini zensimbi engagqwali yebanga elingu-304
| Ibanga | Amandla Okudonsa (i-MPa) min | Amandla Okukhiqiza angu-0.2% Ubufakazi (MPa) min | Ukwelulwa (% ngo-50mm) min | Ubulukhuni | |
| Ubuningi be-Rockwell B (HR B) | Ubuningi be-Brinell (HB) | ||||
| 304 | 515 | 205 | 40 | 92 | 201 |
| 304L | 485 | 170 | 40 | 92 | 201 |
| 304H | 515 | 205 | 40 | 92 | 201 |
| I-304H nayo inesidingo sosayizi wezinhlamvu ze-ASTM No 7 noma eziqinile. | |||||
Ukumelana Nokugqwala
Ihle kakhulu ezindaweni eziningi ezizungezile kanye nasezindaweni eziningi ezigqwalisayo. Ingagqwala ngenxa yokugqwala kwemigodi kanye nokuqhekeka ezindaweni ezifudumele ze-chloride, kanye nokuqhekeka kokugqwala okungaphezu kuka-60°C. Ibhekwa njengemelana namanzi aphuzwayo anama-chloride afinyelela ku-200mg/L emazingeni okushisa aseduze, ehla ibe ngu-150mg/L ku-60°C.
Ukumelana Nokushisa
Ukumelana okuhle kwe-oxidation ekusetshenzisweni okuvamile kufika ku-870°C kanye nasekusetshenzisweni okuqhubekayo kufika ku-925°C. Ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwe-304 ebangeni lika-425-860°C akukhuthazwa uma ukumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi okulandelayo kubalulekile. Ibanga le-304L limelana kakhulu nemvula ye-carbide futhi lingashiswa ebangeni lokushisa elingenhla.
Ibanga 304H linamandla aphezulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ngakho-ke livame ukusetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza eziqukethe isakhiwo kanye nengcindezi emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-500°C kanye nafinyelela ku-800°C. I-304H izozwela ebangeni lokushisa elingu-425-860°C; lokhu akuyona inkinga yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezishisa kakhulu, kodwa kuzoholela ekunciphiseni ukumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi.
Ukwelashwa Kokushisa
Ukwelashwa Ngesixazululo (Ukufakwa Kwezinsika) – Shisa ku-1010-1120°C bese uphola ngokushesha. Lawa mazinga awakwazi ukuqina ngokwelashwa ngokushisa.
Ukushisela
Ukushibilika okuhle kakhulu ngazo zonke izindlela ezijwayelekile zokuhlanganisa, kokubili ngezinsimbi zokugcwalisa nangaphandle kwazo. I-AS 1554.6 ifanelekela kusengaphambili ukushibilika kwe-304 nge-Grade 308 kanye ne-304L ngezinduku noma ama-electrode angu-308L (kanye nama-silicon equivalent awo aphezulu). Izingxenye ezishibilikile ezisindayo ku-Grade 304 zingadinga ukushibilika ngemuva kokushibilika ukuze kumelane nokugqwala okuphezulu. Lokhu akudingeki ku-Grade 304L. I-Grade 321 ingasetshenziswa futhi njengenye indlela esikhundleni se-304 uma kudingeka ukushibilika kwe-heavy section futhi ukwelashwa kokushisa ngemuva kokushibilika kungenzeki.
Izicelo
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile zifaka:
Imishini yokucubungula ukudla, ikakhulukazi ekwenzeni ubhiya, ukucubungula ubisi kanye nokwenza iwayini.
Amabhentshi asekhishini, amasinki, imigqomo, imishini kanye nezinto zikagesi
Amaphaneli ezakhiwo, izindonga kanye nokusika
Izitsha zamakhemikhali, okuhlanganisa nezokuthutha
Izishintshi Zokushisa
Izikrini ezilukiwe noma ezishisiwe zokumba, ukumba amatshe kanye nokuhlunga amanzi
Izibambo ezinentambo
I-Springs
