I-904L iyinsimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic engazinzile ene-carbon ephansi ene-alloy ephezulu. Ukwengezwa kwethusi kuleli banga kuyinika ukumelana okuthuthukisiwe kakhulu nama-asidi anciphayo anamandla, ikakhulukazi i-sulfuric acid. Iphinde imelane kakhulu nokuhlaselwa yi-chloride - kokubili ukugqwala kwemigodi/imifantu kanye nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kokucindezeleka.
Leli banga alinawo amandla kazibuthe kuzo zonke izimo futhi linokushibilika okuhle kakhulu kanye nokwakheka kahle. Isakhiwo se-austenitic sinikeza leli banga ukuqina okuhle kakhulu, ngisho nasezingeni lokushisa elikhanyayo.
I-904L inokuqukethwe okuningana kakhulu kwezithako ezibiza kakhulu i-nickel ne-molybdenum. Izinhlelo eziningi lapho leli banga lisebenze kahle khona ngaphambilini manje zingagcwaliswa ngentengo ephansi ngensimbi engagqwali ye-duplex 2205 (S31803 noma i-S32205), ngakho-ke ayisetshenziswa kakhulu kunangesikhathi esidlule.
Izakhiwo Eziyinhloko
Lezi zakhiwo zichazwe kumkhiqizo ogoqwe ngendlela eyisicaba (ipuleti, ishidi kanye nekhoyili) ku-ASTM B625. Izakhiwo ezifanayo kodwa ezingasho ukuthi ziyafana zichazwe kweminye imikhiqizo efana nepayipi, ithubhu kanye nebha ngokwezincazelo zazo.
Ukwakheka
Ithebula 1.Ububanzi bokwakheka kwezinsimbi ezingagqwali ezingama-904L.
| Ibanga | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni | Cu | |
| 904L | umzuzu. ubuningi. | - 0.020 | - 2.00 | - 1.00 | - 0.045 | - 0.035 | 19.0 23.0 | 4.0 5.0 | 23.0 28.0 | 1.0 2.0 |
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Izakhiwo Zemishini
Ithebula 2.Izakhiwo zemishini zezinsimbi ezingagqwali zezinga le-904L.
| Ibanga | Amandla Okudonsa (i-MPa) min | Amandla Okukhiqiza angu-0.2% Ubufakazi (MPa) min | Ukwelulwa (% ngo-50mm) min | Ubulukhuni | |
| I-Rockwell B (HR B) | UBrinell (HB) | ||||
| 904L | 490 | 220 | 35 | 70-90 evamile | - |
| Ububanzi benani lokuqina kwe-Rockwell bujwayelekile kuphela; amanye amanani ayimingcele ecacisiwe. | |||||
Izakhiwo Ezibonakalayo
Ithebula 3.Izakhiwo ezivamile zomzimba zezinsimbi ezingagqwali zezinga le-904L.
| Ibanga | Ubuningi | I-Modulus Enwebekayo | Isilinganiso Sokwanda Kokushisa (µm/m/°C) | Ukuqhuba Okushisayo | Ukushisa Okuqondile 0-100°C | Ukumelana Nogesi | |||
| 0-100°C | 0-315°C | 0-538°C | Ku-20°C | Ku-500°C | |||||
| 904L | 8000 | 200 | 15 | - | - | 13 | - | 500 | 850 |
Ukuqhathaniswa Kwencazelo Yebanga
Ithebula 4.Imininingwane yezinga lezinsimbi ezingagqwali zezinga le-904L.
| Ibanga | Inombolo ye-UNS | I-Old British | I-Euronorm | I-SS yaseSweden | I-JIS yaseJapan | ||
| BS | En | No | Igama | ||||
| 904L | N08904 | 904S13 | - | 1.4539 | X1NiCrMoCuN25-20-5 | 2562 | - |
| Lokhu kuqhathanisa kulinganiselwa kuphela. Uhlu luhloselwe ukuqhathanisa izinto ezifanayo ngokusebenzahhayinjengohlelo lwezinto ezilingana nezivumelwano. Uma kudingeka izinto ezilingana ngqo, kufanele kubhekwe imininingwane yokuqala. | |||||||
Amabanga Angase Ahluke
Ithebula 5.Amazinga angase abe khona esikhundleni sensimbi engagqwali engu-904L.
| Ibanga | Kungani kungase kukhethwe esikhundleni se-904L |
| 316L | Enye indlela engabizi kakhulu, kodwa enokumelana nokugqwala okuphansi kakhulu. |
| Izinyanga ezi-6 | Kudingeka ukumelana okuphezulu nokugqwala kwemigodi kanye nokuqhekeka. |
| 2205 | Ukumelana nokugqwala okufanayo kakhulu, lapho i-2205 inamandla aphezulu okusebenza, futhi ngentengo ephansi ifinyelela ku-904L. (I-2205 ayifanele amazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-300°C.) |
| I-duplex enkulu | Kudingeka ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu, kanye namandla aphezulu kune-904L. |
Ukumelana Nokugqwala
Nakuba ekuqaleni yaklanywa ngenxa yokumelana kwayo ne-sulfuric acid, iphinde ibe nokumelana okuphezulu kakhulu nezindawo eziningi ezahlukene. I-PRE engu-35 ikhombisa ukuthi le nto inokumelana okuhle namanzi afudumele olwandle kanye nezinye izindawo ezine-chloride ephezulu. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nickel kuphumela ekumelaneni okungcono kakhulu nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kokucindezeleka kunamazinga ajwayelekile e-austenitic. Ithusi lenezela ukumelana ne-sulfuric kanye namanye ama-asidi okunciphisa, ikakhulukazi ebangeni elinamandla kakhulu "lokuhlushwa okuphakathi".
Ezindaweni eziningi i-904L inokusebenza kokugqwala okuphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile le-austenitic elingu-316L kanye ne-6% molybdenum exutshwe kakhulu kanye namazinga afanayo e-"super austenitic".
Ku-asidi ye-nitric enamandla, i-904L inokumelana okuncane kunezinga elingenayo i-molybdenum njenge-304L kanye ne-310L.
Ukuze kube nokumelana okukhulu kokuqhekeka kokugqwala ezindaweni ezibucayi, insimbi kufanele iphathwe ngesisombululo ngemva kokusebenza ngokubanda.
Ukumelana Nokushisa
Ukumelana okuhle ne-oxidation, kodwa njengamanye amazinga axutshwe kakhulu ahlushwa ukungazinzile kwesakhiwo (ukuna kwezigaba ezibuthakathaka njenge-sigma) emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. I-904L akufanele isetshenziswe ngaphezu kwama-400°C.
Ukwelashwa Kokushisa
Ukwelashwa Ngesixazululo (Ukufakwa Kwesithako) – shisa kufike ku-1090-1175°C bese uphola ngokushesha. Leli banga alikwazi ukuqina ngokwelashwa ngokushisa.
Ukushisela
I-904L ingashintshwa ngempumelelo ngazo zonke izindlela ezijwayelekile. Kudingeka kuqashelwe njengoba leli banga liqina ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke lisengozini yokuqhekeka okushisa, ikakhulukazi kuma-weld ancishisiwe. Akukho ukushisa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi okufanele kusetshenziswe futhi ezimweni eziningi ukwelashwa kokushisa ngemva kokushiswa nakho akudingeki. I-AS 1554.6 ifanelekela kusengaphambili izinduku nama-electrode e-Grade 904L okushintshwa kwama-904L.
Ukwenziwa
I-904L ihlanzekile kakhulu, inezinga eliphansi lesibabule, ngakho-ke ngeke ikwazi ukusebenza kahle emshinini. Naphezu kwalokhu izinga lingasebenza ngomshini kusetshenziswa amasu ajwayelekile.
Ukugoba kube yi-radius encane kwenziwa kalula. Ezimweni eziningi lokhu kwenziwa kubanda. Ngokuvamile akudingeki ukuthi kufakwe i-annealing elandelayo, yize kufanele kucatshangelwe uma ukwenziwa kuzosetshenziswa endaweni lapho kulindeleke khona izimo zokuqhekeka kokugqwala okukhulu.
Izicelo
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile zifaka:
• Imboni yokucubungula ama-asidi e-sulfuric, phosphoric kanye ne-acetic
• Ukucutshungulwa kwe-pulp nephepha
• Izingxenye ezisezikhungweni zokuhlanza igesi
• Imishini yokupholisa amanzi olwandle
• Izingxenye zokuhlanza uwoyela
• Izintambo kuma-precipitator kagesi
