Iyunithi yokugoba ityhubhu ezenzekelayo ezenzekelayo idibanisa iinkqubo ezinyukayo kunye nezantsi, ukudibanisa ngokukhawuleza, ukuqhutyelwa kwempazamo, ukuphindaphinda kunye nokhuseleko.Nangona oku kuhlanganiswa kunokuba luncedo kunoma yimuphi umenzi, kukhangeleka ngokukodwa kwabo bakwindawo ekhulayo kodwa ekhuphisanayo yokuvelisa isithuthi sombane.
Izithuthi zombane (EVs) aziyinto entsha. Ekuqaleni kwe-1900s, kunye nokufika kwezithuthi zombane, i-steam, kunye ne-petroli, iteknoloji yemoto yombane yayingaphezulu kwe-market niche.Ngelixa ii-injini ze-petroli ziphumelele kulo mjikelo, iteknoloji yebhetri ibuyile kwaye ilapha ukuhlala. ukuvala ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi ezinjalo, ezinye ii-powertrains ziya kulawula ishishini leemoto.Ngumcimbi nje wexesha.
Amanani okuthengisa abonisa ukuba izithuthi ezisekelwe kumafutha angamanye zifumene umhlaba iminyaka.Ngokutsho kweArhente yoKhuseleko lokuSingqongileyo, imarike yase-US yezithuthi zombane, i-plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), izithuthi ze-fuel cell, kunye nemixube ngaphandle kwe-PHEVs ibalelwa kwi-7% yenani lilonke ngo-2020.Le marike ye-Motor Authority ithetha ngokungaqhelekanga kwi-Federal Motors iminyaka engama-20 eyadlulayo. Isabelo sezithuthi ezineemoto ezizezinye zazo zonke izithuthi ezisanda kubhaliswa eJamani phakathi kukaJanuwari 2021 noNovemba 2021 sisondele kwi-35%.Ngeli xesha, isabelo se-BEV esandula ukubhaliswa sasimalunga ne-11%.Ngokwembono yeemoto zabahambi, ukukhula kwezithuthi zombane ezitsha eJamani kuchazwe ngokukodwa.Kule nxalenye yemoto ebhalisiweyo ye-EV yonke i-20 yecandelo le-2 ebhalisiweyo yezithuthi zonke. 6.7%.Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuNovemba ka-2021, esi sabelo sinyuke ngokukhawuleza ukuya ngaphezu kwe-25%.
Olu tshintsho luzisa utshintsho olukhulu kubenzi be-automakers kunye ne-chain yabo yonke yokubonelela. Ukwakhiwa kwe-Lightweight ngumxholo - isithuthi esilula, amandla amancinci afunekayo. Oku kwandisa uluhlu, olubalulekileyo kwiimoto zombane.Lo mkhwa ubuye wakhokelela ekutshintsheni kwiimfuno zokugoba umbhobho, kunye nemfuno ekhulayo ye-compact kunye ne-high-performance components, ngakumbi i-thin-walled-walled, i-pipeth lightweight material eyenziwe nge-carbon lightweight material. iiplastiki ezomelezwa ngefiber zihlala zibiza kakhulu kwaye zinzima ngakumbi ukuqhubekeka kunentsimbi yemveli.Into ehambelana nalo mkhwa kukunyuka okumangalisayo kokusetyenziswa kweemilo ngaphandle kwezakhelo ezijikelezayo.Izakhiwo ezinobunzima ziya zifuna iimilo ezintsonkothileyo, ezingafaniyo nezahlukeneyo.
Isiqhelo sokuvelisa iimoto kukugoba iityhubhu ezijikelezileyo kunye ne-hydroform kwimilo yazo yokugqibela. Oku kusebenza kwi-alloys yensimbi, kodwa kunokuba yingxaki xa kusetyenziswa ezinye izinto.Ngokomzekelo, i-carbon fiber iplasitiki eqinisiweyo ayinakugoba xa ibanda.Imicimbi enzima kukuthambekela kwe-aluminium ukuqina ngeminyaka.Oku kuthetha ukuba iityhubhu ze-aluminium okanye iiprofayili zinzima kakhulu emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa okanye iiprofayili ze-alluminiyamu zinzima okanye azinakwenzeka. cross-icandelo ayikho setyhula, kuba nzima kakhulu ngakumbi ukubambelela ukunyamezelana echazwe kwangaphambili, ingakumbi xa usebenzisa i-aluminium.Ekugqibeleni, ukutshintshwa kweentambo zobhedu zemveli kunye neeprofayili ze-aluminium kunye neentonga zokuthwala zangoku ngumkhwa okhulayo kunye nomngeni omtsha wokugoba, njengoko iinxalenye zine-insulation ezingayi konakala ngexesha lokugoba.
Ukutshintshela kwizithuthi zombane kubangela utshintsho kwi-tube bender design.Iibhubhu eziguquguqukayo eziqhelekileyo kunye neeparitha zokusebenza ezichazwe kwangaphambili zinika indlela yomatshini okhethekileyo wemveliso onokuthi ulungelelaniswe neemfuno zabakhiqizi.Ukusebenza kwe-Bend, imilinganiselo yejometri (efana ne-bend radius kunye nobude betyhubhu), indawo yezixhobo kunye nesofthiwe zonke zihlengahlengiswa ukuze zihambelane kakuhle neemfuno zenkqubo ethile yomenzi.
Olu tshintsho sele luqhubekile kwaye luya kuqinisa kuphela.Ukuze ezi projekthi zibe neziqhamo, umboneleli wenkqubo ufuna ubuchule obufunekayo kwiteknoloji yokugoba kunye nolwazi oluyimfuneko kunye namava kwisixhobo kunye noyilo lwenkqubo, ekufuneka idityaniswe ukususela ekuqaleni kwesigaba soyilo lomatshini. I-CFRP ifuna indlela esebenza ubushushu obuncinci.
Uxinzelelo lweendleko ezikhulayo ezitshayela i-auto industry nazo zivakala kulo lonke unikezelo lwe-chain chain.Amaxesha omjikelezo omfutshane kunye nokuchaneka okugqithisileyo ngoku kubaluleke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili.Iinkampani ezijolise ukuhlala zikhuphisana kwiimfuno zokusebenzisa izixhobo ngokufanelekileyo.Oku akubandakanyi ixesha kunye nezinto eziphathekayo kuphela, kodwa kunye nezibonelelo zabasebenzi, ngokukodwa abasebenzi abaphambili kwimveliso.Kule ntsimi, iinkqubo ezisebenzisekayo kunye nezithembekileyo ziyinto ephambili ekuphuculeni iindleko.
Abavelisi be-tube kunye nee-OEMs eziphethe i-tube ye-tube ngaphakathi kwendlu banokuphendula kwiingcinezelo zeendleko ezingapheliyo kunye nezinye iingcinezelo ngokufuna oomatshini bokusebenza okuphezulu abahlangabezana ngokuchanekileyo neemfuno zabo.Iibhuleki zokushicilela zanamhlanje kufuneka zisebenzise isicwangciso seteknoloji ye-multi-stage equka iimpawu ezifana nezixhobo zokugoba ze-multi-radius eziququzelela ukugoba lula kunye nokuchanekileyo kunye neetyhubhu ezimfutshane kakhulu kwi-bend ye-bend technology. i-radii ezininzi, ekwenzeni iinkqubo zokugoba, okanye ekwenzeni ezinye iinkqubo zetyhubhu eziyinkimbinkimbi.Amashishini okuphatha ukugoba okunzima kunokunciphisa amaxesha okujikeleza; kubavelisi bevolumu ephezulu, nokuba imizuzwana embalwa egcinwe kwicandelo ngalinye ingaba nefuthe elihle kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwemveliso.
Elinye icandelo eliphambili yintsebenziswano phakathi komqhubi kunye nomatshini.Ubuchwephesha kufuneka buxhase abasebenzisi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.Ngokomzekelo, ukudityaniswa kwe-goba die retraction - imeko apho ukugoba ukugoba kunye nengalo ye-swing isebenza ngokwahlukileyo - ivumela umatshini ukuba ulungelelanise kwaye ubeke i-tube geometries ezahlukeneyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokugoba.Enye ingcamango yokucwangcisa kunye nokulawula iqala ukulungiselela i-shaft kwi-bend elandelayo, ngelixa i-control eqhubekayo ifuna ukuqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo kwaye iqhube ngokuqhubekayo. ukusebenzisana kwamazembe ukulungelelanisa iintshukumo zabo, umzamo weprogramu uvelisa inzuzo enkulu, ukunciphisa amaxesha omjikelezo ngama-20 ukuya kuma-40 ekhulwini ngokuxhomekeke kumalungu kunye ne-tube geometry efunekayo.
Ukunikezelwa kokutshintshwa kwezinye ii-powertrains, i-automation ibaluleke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili.Abenzi be-bender beTube kufuneka bagxininise kwi-automation ebanzi kunye nokukwazi ukudibanisa ukuhamba komsebenzi ngaphaya kokugoba.Oku akusebenzi nje kuphela kwiibhobho zokugoba kwimveliso yochungechunge olukhulu, kodwa ngokunyuka kwimveliso yochungechunge oluncinci kakhulu.
Iziqhoboshi zanamhlanje zokucinezela abavelisi bevolumu ephezulu, njenge-CNC 80 E TB MR evela eSchwarze-Robitec, ifanelekile kwiimfuno zabakhiqizi kwikhonkco lokubonelela ngemoto.
Ekuqhutyweni kwe-tube ngokuzenzekelayo, izigaba ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo kufuneka zithembeke, zingenaphutha, ziphinde ziphindeke kwaye zikhawuleze ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ohambelanayo weziphumo zokugoba.Amanyathelo okuqhubela phambili kunye nomgangatho ophantsi kufuneka ahlanganiswe kwiyunithi enjalo yokugoba, kubandakanywa ukucoca, ukugoba, ukudibanisa, ukubumba isiphelo kunye nokulinganisa.
Ukuphatha izixhobo ezifana neerobhothi kunye nezixhobo ezongezelelweyo ezifana nabaphathi bemibhobho kufuneka zidibaniswe.Umsebenzi oyintloko kukumisela ukuba zeziphi iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo kakhulu kwisicelo esifanelekileyo.Ngokomzekelo, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zomenzi, ivenkile yokulayishwa kwebhanti, ivenkile yekhonkco, ukunyusa ukuhambisa okanye ukuhanjiswa kwezinto ezininzi kunokuba yinkqubo efanelekileyo kwi-feeder tubular.Abanye abavelisi be-brake bacinezela ngokucofa ngokucofa i-brake njengezinto ezinokwenzeka zokulawula ukudibanisa kunye neenkqubo zokulawula ukudibanisa njengoko kunokwenzeka ukubonelela ngenkqubo yokulawula ngokudibanisa kunye nenkqubo yokudibanisa njenge-protectors. Inkqubo yokucwangcisa izixhobo zeshishini le-OEM.
Nangona inyathelo ngalinye elongezelelweyo lenza ikhonkco lenkqubo lide, umsebenzisi akanalo naluphi na ukulibaziseka njengoko ixesha lomjikelo lihlala lihlala lifana.Umahluko omkhulu kubunzima bale nkqubo yokuzenzekelayo yimfuno yolawulo olungqongqo olufunekayo ukudibanisa iyunithi yokugoba kwikhonkco lokuvelisa elikhoyo kunye nenethiwekhi yenkampani.Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-benders yombhobho kufuneka ilungele i-Industry 4.0.
Ngokubanzi, ukudityaniswa yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ii-OEMs zisebenze nabakhi bomatshini abanamava abanzi ekuphuhliseni oomatshini abahambelana neenkqubo eziphantsi ezahlukeneyo kwinkqubo yokwenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo.
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