Iyunithi yokugoba iityhubhu ngokuzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo idibanisa iinkqubo ezisezantsi neziphezulu, idibanisa ukucubungula okukhawulezayo, okungenazimpazamo, ukuphindaphindwa kunye nokhuseleko. Nangona olu kudibanisa lunokunceda nawuphi na umenzi, lunomtsalane ngakumbi kwabo bakwicandelo elitsha kodwa elikhuphisanayo lokuvelisa izithuthi zombane.
Izithuthi zombane (ii-EV) azintsha. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1900, ngokufika kwezithuthi ezisebenzisa umbane, umphunga, kunye nepetroli, iteknoloji yezithuthi zombane yayingaphezulu nje kwemarike ekhethekileyo. Ngelixa iinjini ezisebenzisa uphethiloli ziphumelele kulo mjikelo, iteknoloji yebhetri ibuye kwaye ilapha ukuze ihlale ikho. Njengoko izixeko ezininzi kwihlabathi liphela zibhengeza ukuvalwa kwexesha elizayo kwezithuthi ezisebenzisa uphethiloli wamafutha kunye namazwe amaninzi ebhengeza injongo yawo yokuthintela ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi ezinjalo, ezinye iindlela zombane ziya kulawula ishishini leemoto. Yinto yexesha nje.
Amanani okuthengisa abonisa ukuba izithuthi ezisebenzisa amafutha angengowomnye umntu ziye zanda kangangeminyaka. Ngokutsho kwe-Environmental Protection Agency, imakethi yase-US yezithuthi zombane, izithuthi zombane ezixutyiweyo (ii-PHEV), izithuthi ze-fuel cell, kunye nezinye ii-hybrids ngaphandle kwee-PHEV zibize i-7% yenani lilonke ngo-2020. Le marike yayingekho kwiminyaka engama-20 eyadlulayo. Amanani avela kwi-German Federal Motor Transport Authority ayazithetha: Isabelo sezithuthi ezinee-powertrains ezahlukeneyo kuzo zonke izithuthi ezisandula ukubhaliswa eJamani phakathi kukaJanuwari 2021 noNovemba 2021 sisondele kwi-35%. Ngeli xesha, isabelo see-BEVs ezisandula ukubhaliswa sasimalunga ne-11%. Ngokwembono yeemoto zabakhweli, ukukhula kwezithuthi zombane ezintsha eJamani kuyabonakala kakhulu. Kweli candelo, isabelo se-EV sazo zonke izithuthi zabakhweli ezisandula ukubhaliswa kunyaka wonke ka-2020 sasiyi-6.7%. Ukusukela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuNovemba 2021, esi sabelo sinyuke kakhulu saya ngaphezulu kwe-25%.
Olu tshintsho luzisa utshintsho olukhulu kubenzi beemoto kunye nothotho lwabo lonke lokubonelela. Ulwakhiwo olukhaphukhaphu luyinto ebalulekileyo - okukhona imoto ilula, kokukhona kufuneka amandla amancinci. Oku kwandisa uluhlu, nto leyo ibalulekileyo kwizithuthi zombane. Olu tshintsho lukwakhokelele kutshintsho kwiimfuno zokugoba iipayipi, kunye nemfuno ekhulayo yezinto ezincinci nezisebenza kakuhle, ingakumbi iipayipi ezinodonga oluncinci ezenziwe ngezinto ezinamandla aphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezikhaphukhaphu ezifana ne-aluminium kunye neplastiki eziqinisiweyo ngefayibha yekhabhoni zihlala zibiza kakhulu kwaye zinzima ukuzisebenzisa kunentsimbi yendabuko. Okunxulumene nale nkqubela kukwanda okukhulu kokusetyenziswa kweemilo ezingezizo ezingqukuva. Izakhiwo ezikhaphukhaphu zifuna iimilo ezintsonkothileyo, ezingalinganiyo ezineenxalenye ezahlukeneyo.
Indlela eqhelekileyo yokwenziwa kweemoto kukugoba iityhubhu ezijikelezileyo uze uzifake kwimo yazo yokugqibela. Oku kusebenza kwii-alloys zentsimbi, kodwa kunokuba yingxaki xa kusetyenziswa ezinye izinto. Umzekelo, iplastiki eqinisiweyo yefayibha yekhabhoni ayinakugoba xa kubanda. Izinto ezibangela ingxaki kukuthambekela kwe-aluminium ukuqina ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kuthetha ukuba iityhubhu ze-aluminium okanye iiprofayili kunzima okanye akunakwenzeka ukuzigoba emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa zenziwe. Kwakhona, ukuba icandelo elifunekayo alijikelezi, kunzima kakhulu ukunamathela kwiindlela ezimiselweyo, ngakumbi xa kusetyenziswa i-aluminium. Okokugqibela, ukutshintsha iintambo zobhedu zemveli ngeeprofayili ze-aluminium kunye neentonga zokuthwala umsinga ngumkhwa okhulayo kunye nomngeni omtsha wokugoba, njengoko iindawo zine-insulation engayi konakala ngexesha lokugoba.
Ukutshintshela kwizithuthi zombane kubangela utshintsho kuyilo lwe-tube bender. Ii-tube bender zemveli ezisemgangathweni ezineeparamitha zokusebenza ezichazwe kwangaphambili zinika indawo kwiimatshini ezithile zemveliso ezinokulungiswa ngokweemfuno zabenzi. Ukusebenza kwe-bend, imilinganiselo yejometri (njenge-bend radius kunye nobude be-tube), indawo yezixhobo kunye nesoftware zonke zihlengahlengiswa ukuze zihambelane ngcono nenkqubo ethile yomenzi kunye neemfuno zemveliso.
Olu tshintsho sele luqalile kwaye luza kuqina ngakumbi. Ukuze ezi projekthi ziphumelele, umboneleli wenkqubo udinga ubuchule obufunekayo kubuchwepheshe bokugoba kunye nolwazi olufunekayo kunye namava kuyilo lwezixhobo kunye nenkqubo, ekufuneka zidityaniswe ukususela ekuqaleni kwesigaba soyilo lomatshini. Umzekelo, iimilo zezixhobo ezintsonkothileyo ziyafuneka ukuvelisa iiprofayili ze-aluminium ezineenxalenye ezahlukeneyo. Ke ngoko, uphuhliso kunye noyilo oluphuculweyo lwezixhobo ezinjalo luba lubaluleke ngakumbi. Ukongeza, ukugoba i-CFRP kufuna indlela esebenzisa ubushushu obuncinci.
Uxinzelelo olukhulayo lweendleko oluchaphazela ishishini leemoto nalo luyavakala kulo lonke uthotho lokubonelela. Amaxesha omjikelo omfutshane kunye nokuchaneka okugqithisileyo ngoku kubaluleke ngakumbi kunangaphambili. Iinkampani ezijonge ukuhlala zikhuphisana kufuneka zisebenzise izixhobo ngokufanelekileyo. Oku akubandakanyi ixesha kunye nezixhobo eziphathekayo kuphela, kodwa kunye nezixhobo zabantu, ingakumbi abasebenzi abaphambili kwimveliso. Kule ntsimi, iinkqubo ezisebenziseka lula nezithembekileyo ziyinto ephambili ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko.
Abavelisi beetyhubhu kunye nee-OEM ezisingatha ukwenziwa kweetyhubhu ngaphakathi banokusabela kwiingcinezelo ezingapheliyo zeendleko kunye nezinye iingcinezelo ngokufuna oomatshini abasebenza kakuhle abahlangabezana ngokuchanekileyo neemfuno zabo. Iibhuleki zanamhlanje zokushicilela kufuneka zisebenzise icebo lobuchwepheshe elinamanqanaba amaninzi eliquka iimpawu ezifana nezixhobo zokugoba ezineeradiyumu ezininzi ezinokwenziwa ngokwezifiso ezenza kube lula ukugoba okuchanekileyo kunye neetyhubhu ezimfutshane kakhulu phakathi kweegobhu. Olu phuhliso kwiteknoloji yokugoba lukhanya ekwenziweni kwezinto zetyhubhu ezineeradiyu ezininzi, ekwenziweni kweenkqubo zokugoba ngaphakathi, okanye ekwenziweni kwezinye iinkqubo zetyhubhu ezintsonkothileyo. Oomatshini bokuphatha iigobhu ezintsonkothileyo banokunciphisa amaxesha omjikelo; kubavelisi abanomthamo ophezulu, nokuba yimizuzwana embalwa egciniweyo ngecandelo ngalinye kunokuba nefuthe elihle kakhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwemveliso.
Elinye icandelo eliphambili kukusebenzisana phakathi komqhubi kunye nomatshini. Le teknoloji kufuneka ixhase abasebenzisi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Umzekelo, ukuhlanganiswa kokurhoxa kwedayi yokugoba - imeko apho idayisi yokugoba kunye nengalo yokujija zisebenza ngokwahlukeneyo - kuvumela umatshini ukuba ulungelelanise kwaye ubeke iijometri ezahlukeneyo zeetyhubhu ngexesha lenkqubo yokugoba. Enye ingcamango yokuhlela kunye nolawulo iqala ukulungiselela ishaft yokugoba okulandelayo, ngelixa ukugoba kwangoku kusaqhubeka. Ngelixa oku kufuna umlawuli ukuba ajonge ngokuqhubekayo nangokuzenzekelayo ukusebenzisana kwee-axes ukuze alungelelanise iintshukumo zazo, umzamo wokuhlela uvelisa iingenelo ezinkulu, unciphisa amaxesha omjikelo ngama-20 ukuya kuma-40 ekhulwini kuxhomekeke kwizakhi kunye nejometri yetyhubhu oyifunayo.
Ngenxa yokutshintshela kwiindlela zombane ezizezinye, ukuzenzekela kubaluleke ngakumbi kunangaphambili. Abavelisi bee-tube bender kufuneka bagxile kwi-automation ebanzi kunye nokukwazi ukudibanisa imisebenzi yokusebenza ngaphaya kokugoba. Oku akusebenzi kuphela kwii-pipe bends kwimveliso yochungechunge olukhulu, kodwa ngakumbi nakwimveliso yochungechunge oluncinci kakhulu.
Iibhuleki zanamhlanje zokushicilela zabavelisi abanamandla aphezulu, njenge-CNC 80 E TB MR evela eSchwarze-Robitec, zilungele iimfuno zabavelisi abakwicandelo lokubonelela ngeemoto. Iimpawu ezifana nexesha elifutshane lokujikeleza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo zibalulekile, kwaye abavelisi abaninzi baxhomekeke kwiindlela ezinje ngokuhlolwa kwe-weld, i-cut-off eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kunye ne-robotic interfaces.
Kwinkqubo yokucubungula iityhubhu ngokuzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo, amanqanaba ahlukeneyo enkqubo kufuneka athembeke, angabi nazimpazamo, aphindaphindeke kwaye akhawuleze ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ohambelanayo weziphumo zokugoba. Amanyathelo okucubungula asezantsi naphezulu kufuneka adityaniswe kwiyunithi enjalo yokugoba, kuquka ukucoca, ukugoba, ukuhlanganisa, ukwenza isiphelo kunye nokulinganisa.
Izixhobo zokuphatha ezifana neerobhothi kunye nezinye izinto ezifana neziphatho zepayipi nazo kufuneka zidityaniswe. Umsebenzi ophambili kukufumanisa ukuba zeziphi iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo kakhulu kwisicelo esifanelekileyo. Umzekelo, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zomenzi, ivenkile yokulayisha iibhanti, ivenkile yeetyathanga, i-lift conveyor okanye i-bulk material conveyor inokuba yinkqubo efanelekileyo ye-tubular feeder. Abanye abavelisi beebraki zokushicilela benza ukuhlanganiswa kube lula kangangoko ngokubonelela ngeenkqubo zolawulo ezizimeleyo ezisebenza kunye nenkqubo yokucwangcisa izixhobo zeshishini ze-OEM.
Nangona inyathelo ngalinye elongezelelweyo lenza ikhonkco lenkqubo libe lide, umsebenzisi akafumani kulibaziseka njengoko ixesha lomjikelo lihlala lifana. Umahluko omkhulu kubunzima bale nkqubo yokuzenzekela ziimfuno zolawulo ezingqongqo ezifunekayo ukudibanisa iyunithi yokugoba kwikhonkco lemveliso ekhoyo kunye nenethiwekhi yenkampani. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ii-pipe benders kufuneka zilungele i-Industry 4.0.
Lilonke, ukuhlanganiswa yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba ii-OEM zisebenzisane nabakhi boomatshini abanamava amaninzi ekuphuhliseni oomatshini abahambelana neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezingaphantsi kwenkqubo yokuvelisa ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo.
I-Tube & Pipe Journal yaba yimagazini yokuqala ezinikele ekukhonzeni ishishini leepayipi zesinyithi ngo-1990. Namhlanje, iseyiyo yodwa impapasho eMntla Melika ezinikele kweli shishini kwaye ibe ngumthombo wolwazi othembekileyo kwiingcali zeepayipi.
Ngoku ngokufikelela ngokupheleleyo kuhlelo lwedijithali lwe-FABRICATOR, ukufikelela lula kwizixhobo ezixabisekileyo zoshishino.
Uhlelo lwedijithali lweThe Tube & Pipe Journal ngoku lufikeleleka ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo enika ukufikelela lula kwizixhobo ezixabisekileyo zoshishino.
Yonwabela ukufikelela ngokupheleleyo kuhlelo lwedijithali lwe-STAMPING Journal, olubonelela ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yamva nje, iindlela ezilungileyo kunye neendaba zoshishino kwimarike yokunyathela isinyithi.
Ngoku ngokufikelela ngokupheleleyo kuhlelo lwedijithali lwe-The Fabricator en Español, ukufikelela lula kwizixhobo ezixabisekileyo zoshishino.