Intshayelelo
Ibanga 316 lelona nqanaba liqhelekileyo elithwala i-molybdenum, lesibini ngokubaluleka kune-304 phakathi kweentsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic. I-molybdenum inika iipropati ezingama-316 ezingcono zokumelana nokugqwala kuneBanga 304, ngakumbi ukumelana okuphezulu nokugqwala kwemingxuma kunye nokuqhekeka kwiindawo ze-chloride.
Ibanga le-316L, uhlobo oluphantsi lwekhabhoni ye-316 kwaye ayichaphazeleki lula (ukuchacha kwe-grain boundary carbide). Ngenxa yoko isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-heavy gauge (ngaphezulu kwe-6mm). Ngokwesiqhelo akukho mahluko amaxabiso abonakalayo phakathi kwe-316 kunye ne-316L yentsimbi engatyiwayo.
Ulwakhiwo lwe-austenitic lukwanika la manqanaba ukuqina okugqwesileyo, nokuba kufikelele kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi.
Xa kuthelekiswa neentsimbi ezingenasici ze-chromium-nickel austenitic, intsimbi engenasici ye-316L inika amandla aphezulu okutsala, uxinzelelo ukuya ekuqhekekeni kunye namandla okutsalwa xa kushushu kakhulu.
Iipropati eziphambili
Ezi mpawu zichaziwe kwimveliso egoqwe ngomgca othe tyaba (ipleyiti, ishiti kunye nekhoyili) kwi-ASTM A240/A240M. Iimpawu ezifanayo kodwa ezingafanekiyo zichaziwe kwezinye iimveliso ezifana nombhobho kunye nebha ngokweenkcukacha zazo.
Ukwakhiwa
Itheyibhile 1. Uluhlu lokwakheka kweentsimbi ezingenasici ezingama-316L.
| Ibanga |
| C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni | N |
| 316L | Ubuncinci | - | - | - | - | - | 16.0 | 2.00 | 10.0 | - |
| Ubuninzi | 0.03 | 2.0 | 0.75 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 18.0 | 3.00 | 14.0 | 0.10 |
Iipropati zoomatshini
Itheyibhile 2. Iimpawu zoomatshini zeentsimbi ezingenasici ezingama-316L.
| Ibanga | I-Tensile Str | I-Yield Str | I-Elong | Ukuqina | |
| Ubuninzi beRockwell B (HR B) | Ubuninzi beBrinell (HB) | ||||
| 316L | 485 | 170 | 40 | 95 | 217 |
Iipropati Zomzimba
Itheyibhile 3.Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zomzimba zeentsimbi ezingenasici ezingama-316.
| Ibanga | Uxinano | Imodulus ye-Elastic | Umlinganiselo weNdibaniselwano yoLwandiso loBushushu (µm/m/°C) | Ukuqhuba kweThermal | Ubushushu obuthile 0-100°C | Ukumelana nombane | |||
| 0-100°C | 0-315°C | 0-538°C | Kwi-100°C | Kwi-500°C | |||||
| 316/L/H | 8000 | 193 | 15.9 | 16.2 | 17.5 | 16.3 | 21.5 | 500 | 740 |
Uthelekiso lweeNkcukacha zeBanga
Itheyibhile 4.Iinkcukacha zenqanaba leentsimbi ezingenasici ezingama-316L.
| Ibanga | I-UNS | IBritane yakudala | I-Euronorm | Swedish | IsiJaphani | ||
| BS | En | No | Igama | ||||
| 316L | S31603 | 316S11 | - | 1.4404 | X2CrNiMo17-12-2 | 2348 | I-SUS 316L |
Qaphela: Olu thelekiso luqikelelwa kuphela. Olu luhlu lujoliswe ekuthelekisweni kwezinto ezifanayo ngokusebenzayo hayi njengeshedyuli yezinto ezilingana nesivumelwano. Ukuba kufuneka izinto ezilinganayo ezichanekileyo, kufuneka kujongwane neenkcukacha zokuqala.
Amanqaku angafaniyo anokwenzeka
Itheyibhile 5. Iindidi ezinokubakho endaweni yentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-316.
Itheyibhile 5.Iindidi ezinokubakho ezingasetyenziswayo kune-316 stainless steel.
| Ibanga | Kutheni inokukhethwa endaweni ye-316? |
| 317L | Ukumelana okuphezulu kwiikloridi kune-316L, kodwa ukumelana okufanayo nokuqhekeka koxinzelelo lokugqwala. |
Ibanga
Kutheni inokukhethwa endaweni ye-316?
317L
Ukumelana okuphezulu kwiikloridi kune-316L, kodwa ukumelana okufanayo nokuqhekeka koxinzelelo lokugqwala.
Ukumelana nokugqwala
Igqwesile kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomoya kunye neendawo ezininzi ezibangela ukubola – ngokubanzi iyakwazi ukumelana nokubola okungaphezulu kwe-304. Ixhomekeke ekuqhekekeni kwemingxuma kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-chloride kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo, kwaye inokuqhekeka kwe-corrosion okungaphezulu kwe-60°C. Ithathwa njengemelana namanzi okusela ane-chloride ezifikelela kwi-1000mg/L kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi, zehla ziye kwi-500mg/L kuma-60°C.
I-316 idla ngokuthathwa njengomgangatho“intsimbi engenasici yodidi lwaselwandle", kodwa ayixhathisi emanzini afudumeleyo olwandle. Kwiindawo ezininzi zaselwandle i-316 ibonisa ukugqwala komphezulu, okuhlala kubonakala njengedayi emdaka. Oku kunxulunyaniswa ngokukodwa neengxondorha kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu orhabaxa.
Ukumelana nobushushu
Ukumelana okuhle kwe-oxidation kwinkonzo ekhawulezileyo ukuya kwi-870°C kwaye isebenza rhoqo kwi-925°C. Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-316 kwi-425-860°Uluhlu lwe-C alukhuthazwa ukuba ukumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi okulandelayo kubalulekile. Udidi lwe-316L luyakwazi ukumelana nokuna kwe-carbide kwaye lungasetyenziswa kuluhlu lobushushu olungentla. Udidi lwe-316H lunamandla aphezulu kubushushu obuphezulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha lusetyenziselwa usetyenziso lwesakhiwo kunye noxinzelelo kubushushu obungaphezulu kwama-500.°C.
Unyango lobushushu
Unyango lweSisombululo (Ukongeza) – Fudumeza ukuya kwi-1010-1120°C kwaye iphole ngokukhawuleza. La manqanaba awanakuqiniswa ngonyango lobushushu.
Ukuwelda
Ukuwelda okugqwesileyo kuzo zonke iindlela ezisemgangathweni zokudibanisa kunye nokumelana, zombini ezineentsimbi zokugcwalisa kunye nezingenazo. Amacandelo awelding anzima kwiBanga lama-316 afuna ukutshixwa emva kokuwelda ukuze kuxhathiswe ukugqwala okuphezulu. Oku akufuneki kwi-316L.
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-316L ayixutywanga ngokuqhelekileyo ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokuxubha ze-oxyacetylene.
Umatshini
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-316L idla ngokusebenza nzima ukuba yenziwe ngomatshini ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu kucetyiswa isantya esiphantsi kunye namazinga okutya angaguqukiyo.
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo eyi-316L ikwalula ukuyisebenzisa xa ithelekiswa nentsimbi engagqwaliyo eyi-316 ngenxa yokuba incinci kwikhabhoni.
Ukusebenza Kushushu Nakubanda
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-316L ingatshintshwa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezishushu eziqhelekileyo. Amaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo okusebenza ashushu kufuneka abe phakathi kwe-1150-1260°C, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo akufanele ibe ngaphantsi kwe-930°C. Kufuneka kwenziwe utyando emva komsebenzi ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuxhathisa ukugqwala okuphezulu.
Imisebenzi eqhelekileyo yokusebenza ngokubanda efana nokucheba, ukuzoba kunye nokunyathela ingenziwa kwintsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-316L. Kufuneka kwenziwe i-annealing emva komsebenzi ukuze kususwe uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi.
Ukuqinisa kunye nokuqinisa umsebenzi
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo eyi-316L ayiqini xa isetyenziswa kubushushu. Ingaqiniswa xa isetyenziswa kubanda, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba ibe namandla angakumbi.
Izicelo
Izicelo eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
•Izixhobo zokulungiselela ukutya ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinekloridi.
•Amayeza
•Izicelo zaselwandle
•Izicelo zezakhiwo
•Izinto zokufakelwa kwezonyango, kuquka iiphini, izikrufu kunye nezinto zokufakelwa kwamathambo ezifana nokutshintshwa kwesinqe kunye nedolo ngokupheleleyo
•Izinto zokubopha
