316

Intshayelelo

IBanga le-316 linqanaba eliqhelekileyo lokuthwala i-molybdenum, okwesibini ngokubaluleka ukuya kuma-304 phakathi kwe-austenitic stainless steels.I-molybdenum inika iipropati ezingama-316 ezingcono zokuxhathisa umhlwa kuneBanga lama-304, ngokukodwa ukuxhathisa okuphezulu kwimingxuma kunye nokuhlwa kwemingxuma kwiindawo ezinekloridi.

IBanga le-316L, i-carbon version ephantsi ye-316 kwaye ikhuselekile kwi-sensitization (i-grain boundary carbide precipitation).Ngaloo ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu kwigeyiji enzima edityanisiweyo (ngaphezulu kwe-6mm).Ngokuqhelekileyo akukho mahluko axabisayo phakathi kwe-316 kunye ne-316L yensimbi engenasici.

Isakhiwo se-austenitic sikwanika la mabanga ukuqina okugqwesileyo, kude kube phantsi ukuya kumaqondo obushushu e-cryogenic.

Xa kuthelekiswa ne-chromium-nickel austenitic steel stainless steels, i-316L yensimbi engenasici inikezela ngokunyuka okuphezulu, uxinzelelo lokugqabhuka kunye namandla okuqina kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Ezi zakhiwo zichazwe kwimveliso ephothiweyo (ipleyiti, iphepha kunye nekhoyili) kwi-ASTM A240/A240M.Iipropati ezifanayo kodwa zingafane zichazwe kwezinye iimveliso ezinjengombhobho kunye nebar kwiinkcukacha zazo.

Ukuqamba

Itheyibhile 1. Iindidi zokuqulunqa ze-316L zensimbi ezingenasici.

IBanga

 

C

Mn

Si

P

S

Cr

Mo

Ni

N

316L

Min

-

-

-

-

-

16.0

2.00

10.0

-

Max

0.03

2.0

0.75

0.045

0.03

18.0

3.00

14.0

0.10

Iipropati zoomatshini

Itheyibhile 2. Iipropati ze-Mechanical ze-316L zensimbi ezingenasici.

IBanga

Tensile Str
(MPa) min

Yield Str
0.2% Ubungqina
(MPa) min

Elong
(% kwi-50mm) min

Ukuqina

Rockwell B (HR B) max

Brinell (HB) max

316L

485

170

40

95

217

Iipropati Zomzimba

Itheyibhile 3.Iipropathi ezibonakalayo eziqhelekileyo ze-316 grade steels stainless.

IBanga

Ukuxinana
(kg/m3)

Imodyuli ye-Elastic
(GPA)

I-Mean Co-eff yoKwandiswa kweThermal (µm/m/°C)

I-Thermal Conductivity
(W/mK)

Ubushushu obukhethekileyo 0-100°C
(J/kg.K)

I-Elec Resistivity
(nΩ.m)

0-100°C

0-315°C

0-538°C

Kwi-100°C

Kuma-500°C

316/L/H

8000

193

15.9

16.2

17.5

16.3

21.5

500

740

Uthelekiso lweNgcaciso yeBanga

Uluhlu lwesi-4.Imigangatho yeBanga le-316L yeentsimbi ezingenasici.

IBanga

UNS
No

Old British

I-Euronorm

Swedish
SS

IsiJaphani
I-JIS

BS

En

No

Igama

316L

S31603

316S11

-

1.4404

X2CrNiMo17-12-2

2348

SUS 316L

Qaphela: Olu luthelekiso luqikelelo kuphela.Uluhlu lwenzelwe uthelekiso lwezixhobo zokusebenza ezifanayo hayi njengeshedyuli yeekhontrakthi ezilinganayo.Ukuba ukulingana ngqo kuyafuneka, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe iinkcukacha zokuqala.

AmaBanga aManye anokubakho

Itheyibhile 5. Amanye amabakala anokubakho ukuya kwi-316 yensimbi engenasici.

Uluhlu 5.Amanqanaba anokubakho angamanye ukuya kwi-316 yensimbi engenasici.

IBanga

Kutheni inokuthi ikhethwe endaweni ka-316?

317L

Ukuchasana okuphezulu kwi-chloride kune-316L, kodwa kunye nokuchasana okufanayo kuxinzelelo lwe-corrosion cracking.

IBanga

Kutheni inokuthi ikhethwe endaweni ka-316?

317L

Ukuchasana okuphezulu kwi-chloride kune-316L, kodwa kunye nokuchasana okufanayo kuxinzelelo lwe-corrosion cracking.

Ukunyangwa kokuMhlwa

Igqwesileyo kuluhlu lwemekobume ye-atmospheri kunye nemithombo yeendaba eyonakalisayo - ixhathisa ngokubanzi kune-304. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimingxuma kunye ne-crevice corrosion kwindawo efudumeleyo ye-chloride, kunye noxinzelelo lokuqhekeka kwe-corrosion ngaphezulu kwe-60.°C. Ithathwa njengokumelana namanzi okusela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1000mg/L chlorides kumaqondo obushushu akwindawo engqongileyo, iyancipha ukuya kutsho malunga ne-500mg/L kwi-60.°C.

316 idla ngokuthathwa njengomgangathozaselwandle grade steel stainless, kodwa ayixhathisi kumanzi olwandle afudumeleyo.Kwiindawo ezininzi zaselwandle i-316 ibonisa umhlwa ongaphezulu, odla ngokubonakala njengebala elimdaka.Oku kunxulunyaniswa ngakumbi nemingxuma kunye nokugqiba komphezulu orhabaxa.

Ukumelana nobushushu

Ukumelana ne-oxidation elungileyo kwinkonzo yethutyana ukuya kuma-870°C kunye nenkonzo eqhubekayo ukuya kuma-925°C. Ukusetyenziswa ngokuqhubekayo kwe-316 kwi-425-860°Uluhlu lwe-C alukhuthazwa ukuba ukuchasana nokukhula okumanzi okulandelayo kubalulekile.IBanga le-316L lixhathisa ngakumbi kwimvula ye-carbide kwaye linokusetyenziswa kuluhlu lobushushu obungentla.IBanga lama-316H linamandla aphezulu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha lisetyenziselwa ulwakhiwo kunye noxinzelelo oluqulathe izicelo kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-500.°C.

Unyango lobushushu

Unyango lwesisombululo (Annealing) - Ukushisa ukuya kwi-1010-1120°C kwaye uphole ngokukhawuleza.La mabanga akakwazi ukuqina ngonyango lwe-thermal.

Ukuwelda

I-weldability egqwesileyo ngayo yonke imidibaniso esemgangathweni kunye neendlela zokuxhathisa, zombini kunye nangaphandle kweentsimbi zokuzalisa.Amacandelo adityanisiweyo anzima kwiBanga lama-316 afuna ukufakwa kwe-post-weld annealing ukwenzela ukuxhathisa ukudleka okukhulu.Oku akufuneki kwi-316L.

I-316L yensimbi engenasici ayinakuxutywa ngokubanzi usebenzisa iindlela ze-oxyacetylene welding.

Umatshini

I-316L yensimbi engenasici ithanda ukusebenza nzima ukuba imatshini yenziwe ngokukhawuleza.Ngesi sizathu izantya eziphantsi kunye namazinga okutya angaguqukiyo ayacetyiswa.

I-316L insimbi engenasici nayo ilula kumatshini xa kuthelekiswa ne-316 yensimbi engenasici ngenxa yekhabhoni ephantsi.

Ukusebenza okushushu kunye nokubandayo

I-316L yensimbi engenasici inokuba shushu isetyenzwe ngokusebenzisa iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza ezishushu.Amaqondo obushushu asebenzayo afanelekileyo kufuneka abe kuluhlu lwe-1150-1260°C, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo akufunekanga ibe ngaphantsi kwama-930°C. Ukukhutshwa komsebenzi emva komsebenzi kufuneka kuqhutywe ukuze kubangele ukuxhathisa ubuninzi bomhlwa.

Uninzi lwemisebenzi eqhelekileyo ebandayo efana nokucheba, ukuzoba kunye nokunyathela kunokwenziwa kwi-316L yensimbi engenasici.I-post work annealing kufuneka iqhutywe ukususa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi.

Ukuqina kunye nokusebenza nzima

I-316L insimbi engenasici ayiqini ekuphenduleni unyango lobushushu.Inokuqiniswa kukusebenza okubandayo, okunokubangela ukomelela okwandisiweyo.

Usetyenziso

Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya:

Izixhobo zokulungiselela ukutya ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezinekloridi.

Amachiza

Usetyenziso lwaselwandle

izicelo Architectural

Ukufakelwa kwezonyango, kubandakanywa izikhonkwane, izikrufu kunye nokufakelwa kwamathambo njengokutshintshwa kwehip kunye nedolo.

Izibophelelo