Raihi. 3. He taputapu kotahi-wahi, whāngaihia ki te kapu, ka penapenahia ki te kāpata maui, e whakahaere ana i te whakatakotoranga me te wehenga o ngā taputapu (e whakarite ana i te whakatakotoranga me te tūnga tika o ngā taputapu). Kei te kāpata matau ngā paepae me ngā waka.
Kei te whiwhi tonu a Ron Boggs, te kaiwhakahaere hokohoko me te ratonga mō Haeger North America, i ngā waea ōrite mai i ngā kaihanga i te wā o te whakaoranga mai i te mate urutā o te tau 2021.
"I kī tonu mai rātou ki a mātou, 'Āe, kei te ngaro ā mātou here,'" te kī a Boggs. "Nā te raruraru kaimahi te take i puta ai tēnei." I te wā i utua ai e ngā wheketere he kaimahi hou, he maha ngā wā ka whakanohoia e rātou he tāngata kore wheako, kore pūkenga ki mua i ngā mīhini hei whakauru taputapu. I ētahi wā ka ngaro ngā here, i ētahi wā ka whakaurua e rātou he here hē. Ka hoki mai te kiritaki ka whakaoti i ngā tautuhinga.
I te taumata teitei, ko te whakaurunga taputapu te āhua nei he whakamahinga pakari o te hangarau karetao. Ā tōna wā, ka taea e te tipu te whakahaere aunoa i te patu me te hanga, tae atu ki ngā pourewa, te tango wāhanga, me te piko karetao pea. Ko ēnei hangarau katoa ka mahi i te nuinga o te rāngai tāutanga ā-ringa. Me ēnei mea katoa i roto i te hinengaro, he aha e kore ai e whakanoho i te karetao ki mua i te mīhini hei tāuta taputapu?
I roto i ngā tau 20 kua pahure ake nei, kua mahi tahi a Boggs me ngā wheketere maha mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu whakauru karetao. Nō nā tata nei, kua mahi ia me tana tīma, tae atu ki te Inihinia Matua o Haeger, a Sander van de Bor, ki te whakangāwari ake i te whakauru i ngā cobots ki te tukanga whakauru (tirohia te Pikitia 1).
Heoi, e whakanui ana a Boggs rāua ko VanderBose, ko te arotahi anake ki te mahi karetao ka warewarehia te raruraru nui o te whakauru taputapu. Ko ngā mahi tāutanga pono, aunoa me te ngāwari e hiahia ana ki te maha o ngā poraka hanga, tae atu ki te auau me te ngāwari o te tukanga.
I mate kino te koroua. He maha ngā tāngata e whakamahi ana i tēnei whakataukī ki ngā mīhini perehi, engari e pā ana hoki ki ngā mīhini perehi me ngā taputapu whāngai ā-ringa, nā te mea he māmā noa iho. Ka whakanohohia e te kaiwhakahaere ngā whakapiri me ngā wāhanga ki te tautoko o raro i mua i te whakauru ā-ringa ki roto i te mīhini perehi. Ka pēhia e ia te pētera. Ka heke te mīhini perehi, ka pā ki te mea mahi, ka hangaia he pēhanga hei whakauru i te taputapu. He tino māmā noa iho – kia puta rā anō he hapa, ko te tikanga.
"Ki te kore te kaiwhakahaere e aro, ka hinga te taputapu ka pā ki te mea mahi, me te kore e pēhi," te kī a van de Bor. He aha rawa? "Kāore i puta he urupare hē ki ngā taputapu tawhito, ā, kāore te kaiwhakahaere i tino mōhio ki tēnā." Kāore i taea e te kaiwhakahaere te pupuri i tōna waewae ki runga i ngā pētera i te huringa katoa, ā, ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te whakahaere o te pūnaha haumaru o te mīhini perehi. "E ono ngā volts o te taputapu o runga, kua whenua te taputapu o raro, ā, me rongo te mīhini perehi i te kawe hiko i mua i te hanga pēhanga."
Kāore hoki i ngā mīhini tāuru tawhito te mea e kiia nei ko te "matapihi taumaha", arā, ko te whānuitanga o ngā pēhanga ka taea te whakauru tika i ngā taputapu. Tērā pea ka whakaaro ngā mīhini tāuru hou he iti rawa, he teitei rawa rānei tēnei pēhanga. Nā te mea kāore he matapihi taumaha o ngā mīhini tāuru tawhito, e ai ki tā Boggs, ka whakatikatikahia e ngā kaiwhakahaere te pēhanga mā te whakatikatika i tētahi takirere hei whakatika i te raruraru. "Ko ētahi he teitei rawa te whakatikatika, ko ētahi he iti rawa te whakatikatika," te kī a Boggs. "Mā te whakatikatika ā-ringa ka nui ake te whai huatanga. Mēnā he iti rawa, kua hē te tāutanga o te taputapu." "Ka taea e te pēhanga nui te whakapē i te wāhanga, i te hononga rānei."
"Kāore hoki i ngā mīhini tawhito he mita," te tāpiri a van de Boer, "nā tēnei pea ka ngaro ngā here o ngā kaiwhakahaere."
Ahakoa te ngāwari o te whakauru ā-ringa i ngā taputapu, he uaua te mahi ki te whakatika. Hei whakanui ake i te kino, he maha ngā wā ka puta ngā mahi taputapu i muri mai i te mekameka uara, i muri i te whakakī me te hanganga o te āputa. Ka taea e ngā raruraru taputapu te whakararu i te paninga paura me te huihuinga, he maha ngā wā nā te mea ka mahi hapa iti te kaiwhakahaere tupato me te pukumahi ka huri hei ānini.
Pikitia 1. E whakaatu ana te kōpata i te wāhanga mā te whakauru i te taputapu ki roto i te mīhini perehi, e whā ngā peihana me ngā waka motuhake e whā e whāngai ana i ngā taputapu ki roto i te mīhini perehi. Pikitia: Hagrid
I roto i ngā tau, kua ea ēnei raruraru i te hangarau whakauru taputapu mā te tautuhi me te whakakore i ēnei pūtake o te rerekētanga. Kaua ngā kaiwhakauru taputapu e waiho hei pūtake o te maha o ngā raruraru nā te mea ka ngaro te arotahi i te mutunga o tā rātou mahi.
Ko te taahiraa tuatahi i roto i te tāutanga aunoa o ngā taputapu, arā, te whāngai peihana (tirohia te pikitia 2), ka whakakorea te wāhanga tino hoha o te tukanga: te hopu ā-ringa me te whakatakoto i ngā taputapu ki runga i te mea mahi. I roto i te whirihoranga whāngai o runga tuku iho, ka tukuna e te perehi whāngai kapu ngā whakapiri ki raro ki te waka e whāngai ana i te taputapu ki te taputapu o runga. Ka whakatakotoria e te kaiwhakahaere te mea mahi ki runga i te taputapu o raro (te paepae) ka pēhi i te pēhi. Ka tukuna te wero mā te pēhi korehau hei hiki ake i te taputapu i waho o te waka, ka tata te taputapu ki te mea mahi. Ka pēhia e te perehi, ā, ka oti te huringa.
He āhua māmā noa iho, engari ki te hohonu ake te keri, ka kitea ētahi uauatanga ngawari. Tuatahi, me whāngai ngā taputapu ki te wāhi mahi i runga i te tikanga whakahaere. Koinei te wāhi e whai wāhi mai ai te taputapu whakaara. E rua ngā wāhanga o te taputapu. Ko tētahi e aro ana ki te tūnga ka whakarite kia tika te tūnga o ngā taputapu e puta mai ana i te peihana. Ko tētahi ka whakarite kia tika te wehewehenga, te whakarite me te tūnga o ngā taputapu. Mai i reira, ka haere ngā taputapu mā roto i tētahi paipa ki tētahi waka e whāngai ana i ngā taputapu ki te taputapu o runga.
Anei te uauatanga: Me whakakapi ngā taputapu whāngai aunoa—ngā taputapu aronga me te wehewehe, me ngā waka rererangi—me te pupuri tonu kia pai te mahi i ia wā ka whakawhitia te taputapu. He rerekē ngā momo taputapu ka pā ki te āhua o te tuku hiko ki te wāhi mahi, nō reira he mea tūturu ngā taputapu motuhake ki ngā taputapu, ā, kāore e taea te hoahoa i waho o te whārite.
Nā te mea kāore te kaiwhakahaere i mua i te mīhini perehi kapu e whakapau kaha ana ki te kohi (tērā pea ki te whakaheke) me te whakarite i ngā taputapu, ka tino poto te wā i waenga i ngā whakaurunga. Engari me ēnei taputapu katoa e hāngai ana ki te taputapu, ka tāpirihia hoki e te peihana whāngai ngā āheinga hurihanga. Kāore ngā taputapu mō te whakakī-ake i ngā nati 832 e pai mō ngā nati 632.
Hei whakakapi i te whāngai peihana tawhito e rua ngā wāhanga, me whakarite e te kaiwhakahaere kei te tika te tūnga o te taputapu whakatakotoranga ki te taputapu wehewehe. "I tirohia anō hoki e rātou te wiri o te peihana, te wā hau me te tūnga o ngā ngongo," te kī a Boggs. "Me tirohia e rātou te tūnga o te waka me te korehau. I roto i te poto, me tirotiro e te kaiwhakahaere he maha ngā tūnga kia tino tika ai te mahi a te taputapu."
He maha ngā whakaritenga taputapu motuhake a ngā kaiwhakahaere pepa whakarewa, arā, nā ngā raruraru urunga (te whakauru taputapu ki ngā wāhi kuiti), nā ngā taputapu rerekē, nā ngā mea e rua rānei. Ka whakamahia e tēnei momo tāutanga he taputapu kotahi te wahi i hangaia mō tēnei. I runga i tēnei, e ai ki a Boggs, i whakawhanakehia ai he taputapu katoa-i-te-kotahi mō te pēhi kapu paerewa. Kei roto i te taputapu ngā āhuatanga aronga me te kōwhiringa (tirohia te Pikitia 3).
"He mea hanga mō ngā huringa tere," te kī a van de Boer. "Ko ngā tawhā whakahaere katoa, tae atu ki te hau me te wiri, te wā me ngā mea katoa, ka whakahaerehia e te rorohiko, nō reira kāore e hiahiatia te kaiwhakahaere ki te huri, ki te whakarerekē rānei."
Mā te āwhina o ngā titi, ka noho tonu ngā mea katoa i te rārangi kotahi (tirohia te pikitia 4). "Kāore te kaiwhakahaere e manukanuka ki te whakahāngai i te wā e huri ana. Ka taurite tonu nā te mea ka mau tonu ngā mea katoa ki tōna tūranga," te kī a Boggs. "Ka wiri noa ngā taputapu."
Ina whakatakoto te kaiwhakahaere i tētahi rau ki runga i tētahi mīhini perehi taputapu, ka whakarārangihia ngā kōhao ki tētahi paepae i hangaia hei whakamahi i ngā whakapiripiri o tētahi diameter. Nā te mea e hiahiatia ana he taputapu paepae hou mō ngā diameter hou, kua uaua te hanga papatipu i roto i ngā tau.
Whakaarohia he wheketere me ngā hangarau tapahi me te piko hou, te whakawhiti taputapu aunoa tere, ngā puranga iti, tae noa ki te whakaputanga katoa. Kātahi ka tukuna te wāhanga ki roto i tētahi whakaurunga taputapu, ā, ki te hiahiatia he momo taputapu rerekē, ka neke te kaiwhakahaere ki te whakaputanga papatipu. Hei tauira, ka taea e rātou te whakauru i tētahi puranga o ngā wahi e 50, te whakawhiti i ngā paepae, kātahi ka whakauru i te taputapu hou ki roto i ngā kōhao tika.
Ka whakarerekētia te āhua e te mīhini perehi taputapu me te taupee. Ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakauru i tētahi momo taputapu, te huri i te taupee, me te whakatuwhera i tētahi ipu kua tohua te tae hei whakauru i tētahi atu momo taputapu, katoa i roto i te kotahi whakatakotoranga (tirohia te Pikitia 5).
"I runga i te maha o ngā wāhanga kei a koe, kāore pea koe e ngaro i tētahi hononga taputapu," te kī a van de Bor. "Ka oti te wāhanga katoa i te kotahi haerenga kia kore ai koe e ngaro i tētahi taahiraa i te mutunga."
Mā te whakakotahitanga o te whāngai kapu me te pourewa i runga i te mīhini tāuru ka taea te whakahaere i te kete i roto i te tari taputapu. I roto i te tāutanga noa, ka whakarite te kaihanga kia tukuna te peihana ki ngā taputapu nui noa, kātahi ka whakanoho i ngā taputapu kāore i te whakamahia pinepine ki roto i ngā ipu kua tohua te tae tata ki te wāhi mahi. Ina tangohia e ngā kaiwhakahaere he wāhanga e hiahia ana ki ngā taputapu maha, ka tīmata rātou ki te mono mā te whakarongo ki te tangi pī a te mīhini (e tohu ana kua tae ki te wā mō ngā taputapu hou), te huri i te papa hurihuri paepae, te tiro i te ahua 3D o te wāhanga i runga i te kaiwhakahaere, kātahi ka whakauru i te wāhanga taputapu e whai ake nei.
Whakaarohia tētahi horopaki ka whakauruhia e te kaiwhakahaere tētahi taputapu takitahi, mā te whakamahi i te whāngai aunoa me te huri i te papa hurihuri ina hiahiatia. Kātahi ka mutu i muri i te hopu a te taputapu o runga i te here whāngai-ake mai i te waka ka taka ki runga i te mea mahi i runga i te papa. Ka whakatūpato te kaiwhakahaere i te kaiwhakahaere he hē te roa o ngā here.
E ai ki tā Boggs whakamārama, "I te aratau whakatū, ka āta whakaheke te pēhi i te retireti, ka tuhi i tōna tūranga. Nō reira, ina rere ana i te tere katoa, ā, ka pā te taputapu ki te taputapu, ka whakarite te pūnaha kia ōrite te roa o te taputapu ki te [[Manawanui] kua tohua. Ko ngā inenga kei waho o te awhe, he roa rawa, he poto rawa rānei, ka puta he hapa roa o te whakapiripiri. Nā te kitenga o te whakapiripiri tēnei (kāore he korehau i roto i te taputapu o runga, he maha ngā wā ka puta mai i ngā hapa whāngai taputapu) ā, ko te aroturuki me te tiaki matapihi taumaha (kaua e whakarerekē ā-ringa te kaiwhakahaere i te takirere) ka hangaia he pūnaha aunoa pono kua whakamātauhia.
"He painga nui ngā mīhini tā taputapu me te tātaritanga-ā-koe mō ngā waeine karetao," te kī a Boggs. "I roto i te whakatakotoranga aunoa, ka nekehia e te karetao te pepa ki te tūranga tika, ka tukuna he tohu ki te mīhini tā, me te kī, 'Kei te tūranga tika ahau, haere tonu ki te tīmata i te mīhini tā.'"
Mā te mīhini perehi taputapu ka noho ma ngā pine paepae (kua tāuta ki roto i ngā kōhao o te pepa whakarewa). He mea noa te korehau i te pūwero o runga, ko te tikanga he mau here. I te mōhio ki ēnei mea katoa, ka tukuna he tohu e te mīhini perehi ki te karetao.
E ai ki a Boggs, "Ka tirohia e te mīhini pēhi ngā mea katoa, ā, ka mea atu ki te karetao, 'Āe, kei te pai ahau.' Ka tīmata te huringa tā, ka tirohia mēnā kei te kitea ngā whakapiri me te roa tika. Mena kua oti te huringa, me whakarite kia tika te pēhanga i whakamahia hei whakauru i te taputapu, kātahi ka tukuna he tohu ki te karetao kua oti te huringa pēhi. Ka whiwhi te karetao i tēnei, ā, ka mōhio kei te ma ngā mea katoa, ā, ka taea e ia te neke i te mea mahi ki te kōhao e whai ake nei."
Ko ēnei tirotiro mīhini katoa, i te tuatahi i hangaia mō ngā kaiwhakahaere ā-ringa, he pūtake pai mō te whakahaere aunoa. E whakaahua ana a Boggs rāua ko van de Boor i ētahi atu whakapainga pēnei i ētahi hoahoa e āwhina ana ki te ārai i ngā pepa kia kaua e piri ki te paepae. "I ētahi wā ka piri ngā whakapiri i muri i te huringa tā," te kī a Boggs. "He raruraru tūturu tēnei ina pēhia ana te rauemi. Ina piri ki te taputapu o raro, ka taea e te kaiwhakahaere te huri i te wahi mahi kia puta mai."
Pikitia 4. Pūtu porowhita me te pine porowhita. Kia whakatūria, ka whāngaihia e te porowhita te taputapu ki te taputapu o runga, e whakamahi ana i te pēhanga korehau kia taea ai te mau me te kawe i te taputapu ki te mea mahi. Kei runga i tētahi o ngā pourewa e whā te paepae (te taha maui o raro).
Engari, kāore i ngā karetao ngā pūkenga o te kaiwhakahaere tangata. "Nō reira, kei reira ngā hoahoa perehi hei āwhina i te tango i ngā wahi mahi, hei āwhina i te pana i ngā here i waho o te taputapu, kia kore ai e piri i muri i te huringa perehi."
He rerekē ngā hohonutanga o te korokoro o ētahi mīhini hei āwhina i te karetao ki te neke i te mea mahi ki roto, ki waho hoki i te wāhi mahi. Kei roto hoki i ngā mīhini perehi he tautoko hei āwhina i ngā karetao (me ngā kaiwhakahaere ā-ringa) ki te whakanoho tika i ā rātou mahi.
Hei whakamutunga, ko te pono te mea nui. Ka taea e ngā karetao me ngā cobot te whai wāhi ki te whakautu, kia māmā ake ai te whakauru atu. "I roto i te mara o ngā karetao mahi tahi, kua nui ngā mahi a ngā kaihoko ki te whakangawari i te whakauru atu ki ngā mīhini," te kī a Boggs, "ā, he maha ngā mahi whanaketanga kua mahia e ngā kaihanga perehi hei whakarite kia tika te kawa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero."
Engari he mahi anō tā ngā tikanga tā me ngā tikanga awheawhe, tae atu ki te tautoko i ngā mea mahi, ngā tohutohu mahi mārama (me te tuhi), me te whakangungu tika. I tāpiri atu a Boggs kei te whiwhi waea tonu ia mō ngā here e ngaro ana me ētahi atu raruraru i roto i te tari taputapu, he maha o ēnei e mahi ana me ngā mīhini pono engari he tawhito rawa.
Ahakoa he pono ēnei mīhini, ehara te tāutanga o ngā taputapu i te mea mā te hunga kore pūkenga, kāore hoki i te ngaio. Whakamaharatia te mīhini i kitea te roa hē. Mā tēnei tirotiro ngāwari ka ārai i tētahi hapa iti kei huri hei raruraru nui.
Pikitia 5. He tēpu hurihuri tēnei mīhini perehi me te aukati me ngā teihana e whā. He taputapu paepae motuhake anō hoki kei te pūnaha hei āwhina i te kaiwhakahaere ki te tae atu ki ngā wāhi uaua ki te tae atu. I konei ka whakaurua ngā hononga ki raro noa i te flange o muri.
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