He maha ngā momo whakaotinga noa o te maitai kore waikura. He mea nui kia mōhio ki ēnei whakaotinga noa, me te hiranga o aua whakaotinga. Mā ngā mahi auaha hou o te hangarau whakakoi ka taea te whakaiti i ngā mahi tukatuka kia puta ai te whakaotinga e hiahiatia ana, tae atu ki te kanapa o te mata e hiahiatia ana.
He uaua te mahi ki te kowiri tira, engari ko te hua kua oti te mahi he tino ātaahua, ā, he pai te utu mō te mahi katoa. E whakaaetia whānuitia ana ko te whakamahi i te kirikiri pai ake i roto i te raupapa kirikiri ka taea te tango i ngā tauira karawarawa o mua me te whakapai ake i te whakaotinga, engari he maha ngā mahi whānui hei mōhio māu i te wā e whakamahi ana i ngā raupapa kirikiri maha hei whakatutuki i te whakaotinga e hiahiatia ana.
He maha ngā momo whakaotinga noa o te maitai kore waikura. He mea nui kia mōhio ki ēnei whakaotinga noa, me te hiranga o aua whakaotinga. Mā ngā mahi auaha hou o te hangarau whakakoi ka taea te whakaiti i ngā mahi tukatuka kia puta ai te whakaotinga e hiahiatia ana, tae atu ki te kanapa o te mata e hiahiatia ana.
E whakaahua ana te Ahumahi Rino Motuhake o Amerika Te Raki (SSINA) i ngā paerewa ahumahi me te wāhi e whakamahia ai e ngā hua ngā tau whakaoti rerekē.
Kua oti te Nama 1. Ka hangaia tēnei maimoatanga mata mā te hurihuri (whakahurihuri wera) i te maitai kore waikura kua whakamahanatia i mua i te hurihuri. He iti noa iho ngā whakaotinga e hiahiatia ana, koia i kiia ai he taratara. Ko ngā hua noa he mea nui ko ngā whakamahana hau, ngā pouaka whakamahana, ngā ārai poihau, ngā momo wāhanga oumu, me ngā tāwhana hau, hei tauira noa iho.
Kua oti te Nama 2B. He rite tēnei mata kanapa kua hurihia ki te matao ki te whakaata kapua, ā, kāore e hiahiatia he mahi whakaoti. Ko ngā wāhanga me te whakaotinga 2B ko ngā paraharaha whānui, ngā taputapu tipu matū, ngā taputapu kai, ngā taputapu mira pepa me ngā taputapu paipa.
Kei roto anō hoki i te kāwai 2 te whakaotinga 2D. He hina hiriwa mātotoru ōrite tēnei whakaotinga mō ngā koiri angiangi, kua whakaitihia te matotoru mā te tukanga whakaotinga iti hurihuri matao nā te mea he maha ngā wā e whakamahia ana me te whakaotinga wheketere. Me whakapūkara, me tango rānei te tauine i muri i te maimoatanga wera hei tango i te chromium. Ko te whakapūkara te taahiraa whakaputa whakamutunga mō tēnei maimoatanga mata. Ina hiahiatia he whakaotinga peita, ko te whakaotinga 2D te mea pai hei papa, nā te mea he pai te piri o te peita.
Ko te whakakanapa Nama 3 he mea whakaahua nā te poto, matotoru, me ngā rārangi whakakanapa whakarara. Ka whiwhi mā te whakakanapa ā-ringa me ngā mea whakakoi pai haere, mā te tuku rānei i ngā koiri mā roto i ngā roera motuhake e pēhi ana i ngā tauira ki roto i te mata, e whakaata ana i te āhua o te kakahu ā-ringa. He āhua whakaata-ātaahua te mutunga.
Mō te whakakanapa ā-mīhini, ko te kirikiri 50, 80 rānei te tikanga e whakamahia ana i te tīmatanga, ā, ko te kirikiri 100, 120 rānei te tikanga e whakamahia ana mō te whakakanapa whakamutunga. Ko te taratara o te mata he 40 maikoroinihi, iti iho rānei. Mena ka hiahia te kaihanga ki ngā whakarewa honohono, ki ētahi atu tapahi rānei, ko te raina whakakanapa ka puta he roa ake i te hua i whakakanapahia e te kaihanga, e te kaiwhakakanapa hurihuri rānei. Ko te mea tino kitea i roto i ngā taputapu hanga pia, ngā taputapu tukatuka kai, ngā taputapu kīhini, me ngā taputapu pūtaiao ko te whakaotinga Nama 3.
Ko te whakaotinga Nama 4 te mea tino noa, ā, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā ahumahi taputapu me te kai. Ko tōna āhua e tohuhia ana e ngā rārangi poto kua orohia whakarara e toro atu ana i te roanga o te koiri. Ka whiwhihia mā te orohia ā-mīhini te whakaotinga Nama 3 me ngā mea whakakoi pai haere. I runga i ngā whakaritenga tono, ka taea te whakaotinga whakamutunga i waenga i te 120 me te 320 kirikiri. Ko te kirikiri teitei ake ka hua ake he rārangi orohia pai ake me ngā whakaoti whakaata ake.
Ko te taratara o te mata he Ra 25 µin, iti iho rānei. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o tēnei whakaotinga i roto i ngā taputapu wharekai me te kīhini, ngā toa hokohoko, ngā taputapu tukatuka kai me ngā taputapu miraka. Pērā i te Whakaoti Nama 3, mēnā me whakakotahi e te kaiwhakahaere ngā whakarewa, me mahi rānei i ētahi atu mahi whakaotinga, ko te raina kua orohia ka roa ake i te raina o te hua kua orohia e te kaihanga, e te kaiwhakaoro hurihuri rānei. Ko ētahi atu wāhi kei reira te Whakaoti 4 ko ngā wakatō tāke rori, ngā mata me ngā taputapu hōhipera, ngā taputapu, ngā papa whakahaere rānei, me ngā ipu wai.
Ko te whakakanapa Nama 3 he mea whakaahua nā te poto, matotoru, me ngā rārangi whakakanapa whakarara. Ka whiwhi mā te whakakanapa ā-ringa me ngā mea whakakoi pai haere, mā te tuku rānei i ngā koiri mā roto i ngā roera motuhake e pēhi ana i ngā tauira ki roto i te mata, e whakaata ana i te āhua o te kakahu ā-ringa. He āhua whakaata-ātaahua te mutunga.
He tino whakaata te whakaotinga Nama 7, ā, he rite tōna āhua ki te whakaata. He maha ngā wā ka kitea te whakaotinga Nama 7 kua orohia ki te kirikiri 320 i roto i ngā taupoki pou, i ngā whakapaipai me ngā panera pakitara.
Kua nui ngā whanaketanga o ngā mea whakakoi e whakamahia ana hei whakatutuki i ēnei whakaotinga mata, ā, kua āwhina i ngā kaihanga ki te whakaputa i ētahi atu wāhanga me te haumaru, te tere, me te whai hua hoki. Ko ngā kohuke hou, ngā muka kaha ake, me ngā pūnaha kapia ārai-paru ka āwhina i te arotau i te tukanga whakaotinga.
Ka tere te tapahi a ēnei mea whakakoi, ka roa te ora, ā, ka whakaiti i te maha o ngā mahi e hiahiatia ana hei whakaoti i te mahi. Hei tauira, ka roa ake te ora o tētahi papa me ngā kapiti moroiti i roto i ngā matūriki uku, ā, ka rite tonu te āhua o te mahi.
Hei tāpiritanga, ko ngā hangarau e rite ana ki ngā mea whakakoi kopa he matūriki e hono tahi ana kia tere ake te tapahi me te whakarato i te mutunga pai ake. He iti ake ngā hikoinga me te iti ake o ngā taonga whakakoi hei mahi i te mahi, ā, he nui ake te whai hua me te penapena utu mō te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakahaere.
Michael Radaelli is Product Manager at Norton|Saint-Gobain Abrasives, 1 New Bond St., Worcester, MA 01606, 508-795-5000, michael.a.radaelli@saint-gobain.com, www.nortonabrasives.com.
He wero ki ngā kaihanga te whakaoti i ngā kokonga me ngā rādius o ngā wāhanga maitai kore waikura. Hei whakaranu i ngā whakarewa uaua ki te tae atu me ngā wāhi hanga, e rima ngā taahiraa o te tukanga e hiahiatia ana he wira huri, he papa tapawhā o ngā kirikiri maha, me te wira huri ōrite.
Tuatahi, ka whakamahia e ngā kaiwhakahaere he wira huri hei hanga i ngā karawarawa hōhonu ki runga i ēnei wāhanga kowiri tira. He pakari ake ngā wira huri, ā, he iti ake te murunga hara, ka waiho te kaiwhakahaere ki te ngoikoretanga i te tīmatanga. He roa te wā i pau i te mahi huri, ā, i mahue tonu ngā karawarawa me tango atu e toru atu mahi whakaoti papa o ngā rahi kōpura rerekē. Whai muri i tēnei mahi ka whakamahia ngā wira ōrite hei whakatutuki i te mutunga mata e hiahiatia ana.
Mā te huri i te wira huri ki te wira uku, ka taea e te kaiwhakahaere te whakaoti i te whakakanapa i te taahiraa tuatahi. Ma te pupuri i te raupapa kirikiri rite tonu ki te taahiraa tuarua, ka whakakapia e te kaiwhakahaere ngā papa tapawhā ki te wira taupoki, hei whakapai ake i te wā me te whakaotinga.
Mā te tango i te papa tapawhā 80-kirikiri ka whakakapia ki tētahi mandrel kore-whatu me ngā matūriki kua whakaemihia, ā, muri iho ko tētahi mandrel kore-whatu 220-kirikiri ka taea e te kaiwhakahaere te whakaputa i te kanapa e hiahiatia ana me te whakaotinga whānui, ā, ka kore e hiahiatia te mahi i te mahi taketake. Ko te taahiraa whakamutunga ko te tukanga taketake (whakamahia te wira kotahitanga hei kati i te taahiraa).
Nā ngā whakapainga o ngā wira whāriki me te hangarau kore-whatu, kua whakaitihia te maha o ngā kaupae mai i te rima ki te whā, ka whakaitihia te wā whakaoti mā te 40%, ā, ka penapenahia hoki ngā utu mahi me ngā utu hua.
Kua nui ngā whanaketanga o ngā mea whakakoi e whakamahia ana hei whakatutuki i ēnei whakaotinga mata, ā, kua āwhina i ngā kaihanga ki te whakaputa i ētahi atu wāhanga me te haumaru, te tere, me te whai hua hoki.
Ko te WELDER, i mua ko Practical Welding Today, e whakaatu ana i ngā tāngata tūturu e hanga ana i ngā hua e whakamahia ana e tātou, e mahi tahi ana hoki i ia rā, i ia rā. Neke atu i te 20 tau tēnei maheni e mahi ana ki te hapori whakarewa i Amerika Te Raki.
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