Bengilokhu ngisebenza ngezinkinga eziningi zabafundi – ngisenawo amakholomu ambalwa okufanele ngiwabhale ngaphambi kokuba ngiphinde ngiwaphendule. Uma ungithumelele umbuzo futhi angiwuphendulanga, ngicela ulinde, umbuzo wakho ungase ube olandelayo. Sinalokho engqondweni, ake siphendule umbuzo.
U: Sizama ukukhetha ithuluzi elizohlinzeka ngerediyasi engu-0.09 inches. Ngilahle izingxenye eziningi ukuze ngizihlole; umgomo wami ukusebenzisa isitembu esifanayo kuzo zonke izinto zethu. Ungangifundisa ukuthi ngisebenzisa kanjani i-0.09″ ukubikezela irediyasi egobile? irediyasi yokuhamba?
A: Uma wenza umoya, ungabikezela irediyasi yokugoba ngokuphindaphinda ukuvulwa kwedayi ngephesenti ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwezinto. Uhlobo ngalunye lwezinto lunebanga lamaphesenti.
Ukuze uthole amaphesenti ezinye izinto, ungaqhathanisa amandla azo okudonsa nokudonsa okungu-60,000 psi kwezinto zethu zokubhekisela (insimbi egoqwe ngekhabhoni ephansi). Isibonelo, uma izinto zakho ezintsha zinamandla okudonsa angu-120,000 psi, ungalinganisela ukuthi iphesenti lizoba kabili kunesisekelo, noma cishe u-32%.
Ake siqale ngezinto zethu zokubhekisela, insimbi egoqwe ngekhabhoni ephansi ebandayo enamandla okudonswa angu-60,000 psi. Irediyasi yokwakheka komoya wangaphakathi yale nto iphakathi kuka-15% no-17% wokuvula kwedayi, ngakho-ke sivame ukuqala ngenani lokusebenza elingu-16%. Lolu hlu lubangelwa ukuhlukahluka kwazo okungokwemvelo ezintweni, ukujiya, ubulukhuni, amandla okudonswa, kanye namandla okukhiqiza. Zonke lezi zakhiwo zezinto zinezinhlobo ezahlukene zokubekezelelana, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuthola iphesenti eliqondile. Azikho izingcezu ezimbili zezinto ezifanayo.
Uma ucabanga ngakho konke lokhu, uqala ngesilinganiso esingu-16% noma u-0.16 bese uphinda lokho ngobukhulu bento. Ngakho-ke, uma wakha into engu-A36 enkulu kunama-intshi angu-0.551. Uma idayisi ivuliwe, i-radius yakho yokugoba yangaphakathi kufanele ibe cishe ngu-0.088″ (0.551 × 0.16 = 0.088). Uzobe ususebenzisa u-0.088 njengenani elilindelekile le-radius yokugoba yangaphakathi oyisebenzisayo ekubalweni kokugoba kanye nokubalwa kokukhipha ukugoba.
Uma uhlala uthola izinto ezivela kumhlinzeki ofanayo, uzokwazi ukuthola iphesenti elingakusondeza ku-inside gond radius oyitholayo. Uma izinto zakho zivela kubahlinzeki abaningana abahlukene, kungcono ukushiya inani eliphakathi elibaliwe, njengoba izakhiwo zezinto zingahluka kakhulu.
Uma ufuna ukuthola umgodi wokufa ozonikeza i-radius ethile yokugoba ngaphakathi, ungaguqula ifomula:
Ukusuka lapha ungakhetha umgodi wokufa oseduze kakhulu. Qaphela ukuthi lokhu kucabanga ukuthi i-radius yangaphakathi ye-gond ofuna ukuyifinyelela ifana nobukhulu bezinto ozisebenzisayo emoyeni. Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu, zama ukukhetha umgodi wokufa one-radius yangaphakathi ye-gond eseduze noma elingana nobukhulu bezinto.
Uma ucabangela zonke lezi zici, imbobo yokudaya oyikhethayo izokunikeza i-radius yangaphakathi. Qiniseka futhi ukuthi i-radius yokubhoboza ayidluli i-radius yokugoba komoya ezintweni.
Khumbula ukuthi ayikho indlela ephelele yokubikezela i-internal bend radii uma ubheka zonke izinto eziguquguqukayo. Ukusebenzisa la maphesenti obubanzi be-chip kuyindlela enembile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kungadingeka ukushintshana ngemiyalezo enenani lephesenti.
U: Muva nje ngithole imibuzo eminingana mayelana nokwenzeka kokufaka ugesi kuthuluzi lokugoba. Nakuba singakaqapheli lokhu kwenzeka ngethuluzi lethu, ngiyafuna ukwazi ukuthi inkinga ingakanani. Ngiyabona ukuthi uma isikhunta sinogesi kakhulu, isikhala singanamathela ku-sikhunta futhi singakheki njalo kusuka kwesinye isiqephu kuya kwesinye. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ingabe kukhona okunye ukukhathazeka?
Impendulo: Amabhuleki noma amabhuleki asekela idayisi noma asebenzisana nesisekelo sebhuleki lokunyathelisa avame ukuba nozibuthe. Lokhu akusho ukuthi umcamelo wokuhlobisa awukwazi ukuba nozibuthe. Lokhu akunakwenzeka.
Kodwa-ke, kunezinkulungwane zezingcezu ezincane zensimbi ezingaba nozibuthe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ucezu lokhuni olusenqubo yokunyathela noma i-radius gauge. Ingakanani le nkinga? ingathi sína impela. Kungani? Uma le ngcezu encane yezinto ingabanjwa ngesikhathi, ingangena endaweni yokusebenza yombhede, idale indawo ebuthakathaka. Uma ingxenye enozibuthe ikhulu ngokwanele noma inkulu ngokwanele, ingabangela ukuthi izinto zombhede zikhuphuke zizungeze imiphetho ye-insert, okubangela ukuthi ipuleti lesisekelo lihlale ngokungalingani noma ngokulinganayo, okuzothinta ikhwalithi yengxenye ekhiqizwayo.
Q: Esihlokweni sakho Indlela Amajika Omoya Ajika Ngayo, ukhulume ngefomula: I-Punch Tonnage = Indawo Yezicathulo x Ubukhulu Bezinto x 25 x Isici Sezinto. U-25 uvelaphi kulesi sibalo?
A: Le fomula ithathwe ku-Wilson Tool futhi isetshenziselwa ukubala i-punch tonnage futhi ayihlobene nokwakheka; Ngiyivumelanise ukuze nginqume ngokombono ukuthi ukugoba kuqina kuphi. Inani lika-25 kufomula libhekisela emandleni okukhiqiza kwezinto ezisetshenziswa ekwakheni ifomula. Ngendlela, le nto ayisakhiqizwa, kodwa iseduze nensimbi ye-A36.
Vele, kudingeka okuningi ukuze kubalwe ngokunembile indawo yokugoba kanye nomugqa wokugoba wesihloko sokubhoboza. Ubude bokugoba, indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwempumulo yokubhoboza kanye nezinto, ngisho nobubanzi bedayi kudlala indima ebalulekile. Kuye ngesimo, irediyasi efanayo yokubhoboza yezinto ezifanayo ingakhiqiza ukugoba okubukhali kanye nokugoba okuphelele (okungukuthi, ukugoba okunerediyasi yangaphakathi ebikezelwayo futhi kungenamigoqo emgqeni wokugoba). Uzothola isibali sokugoba esibukhali esihle kakhulu kuwebhusayithi yami esicabangela zonke lezi ziguquguquko.
Umbuzo: Ingabe ikhona indlela yokususa ukugoba kusuka ekhawunteni ngemuva? Ngezinye izikhathi ochwepheshe bethu bamabhuleki okucindezela basebenzisa imigodi emincane ye-V esingayicabangelanga ohlelweni lwephansi. Sisebenzisa ama-deductions ajwayelekile okugoba.
Impendulo: yebo kanye no-cha. Ake ngichaze. Uma kugoba noma kugxivizwa phansi, uma ububanzi besikhunta bufana nobukhulu bezinto zokubumba, i-buckle akufanele ishintshe kakhulu.
Uma udala umoya, i-radius yangaphakathi ye-gond inqunywa yimbobo ye-die bese usuka lapho uthatha i-radius etholakale ku-die bese ubala i-gond deduction. Ungathola izihloko zami eziningi ngalesi sihloko ku-TheFabricator.com; funa i-"Benson" futhi uzozithola.
Ukuze ukwakheka komoya kusebenze, abasebenzi bakho bobunjiniyela kuzodingeka baklame i-slab besebenzisa ukususwa kwe-bend ngokusekelwe ku-floating radius edalwe yi-die (njengoba kuchaziwe ku-"Bend Inside Radius Prediction" ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko). Uma umqhubi wakho esebenzisa isikhunta esifanayo nengxenye eyaklanywa ukuyibumba, ingxenye yokugcina kumele ibe yifanele imali.
Nakhu okungajwayelekile – umlingo omncane we-workshop ovela kumfundi okhuthele ephawula ngekholomu engiyibhalile ngoSepthemba 2021 ethi “Amasu Okubhuleka e-T6 Aluminium”.
Impendulo yomfundi: Okokuqala, ubhale izihloko ezinhle kakhulu mayelana nokusebenza kwensimbi. Ngiyabonga ngazo. Ngokuphathelene nokufakwa kwensimbi okuchaze kukholamu yakho kaSepthemba 2021, ngicabange ukuthi ngizokwabelana ngemicabango ethile ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwami.
Ngesikhathi ngiqala ukubona icebo lokufutha eminyakeni eminingi edlule, ngatshelwa ukuthi ngisebenzise ithoshi le-oxy-acetylene, ngivuthele igesi ye-acetylene kuphela, bese ngipenda imigqa yesikhunta ngomsi omnyama ovela kugesi ye-acetylene eshisiwe. Okudingayo nje umugqa onsundu kakhulu noma omnyama kancane.
Bese uvula umoya-mpilo bese ufudumeza ucingo usuka kolunye uhlangothi lwengxenye futhi kusukela ebangeni elifanele kuze kube yilapho ucingo olunemibala olusanda kulubopha luqala ukunyamalala bese lunyamalala ngokuphelele. Lokhu kubonakala sengathi izinga lokushisa elifanele lokufaka i-aluminium ngokwanele ukunikeza ukuma okungu-90 degrees ngaphandle kwezinkinga zokuqhekeka. Awudingi ukubumba ingxenye isashisa. Ungayivumela ukuthi iphole futhi isazofakwa. Ngikhumbula ngikwenza lokhu ephepheni elingu-1/8″ elingu-6061-T6.
Bengilokhu ngihileleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni insimbi eqondile iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-47 futhi bengilokhu nginekhono lokufihla. Kodwa ngemva kweminyaka eminingi kangaka, angisayifaki. Ngiyazi ukuthi ngenzani! Noma mhlawumbe ngingcono nje ekufihleni. Kunoma ikuphi, ngikwazile ukwenza umsebenzi ngendlela engabizi kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka ngezinto ezincane.
Ngiyazi into eyodwa noma ezimbili mayelana nokukhiqizwa kwensimbi, kodwa ngiyavuma ukuthi anginalwazi nhlobo. Ngiyajabula ukwabelana nani ngolwazi engiluqoqe empilweni yami.
I know one more thing: in general, you all have a lot of experience and knowledge. Let’s say you want to share interesting tips, work habits, or just tidbits with other readers. Please write it down or draw it and send it to me at steve@theartofpressbrake.com.
Akukho siqinisekiso sokuthi ngizosebenzisa ikheli lakho le-imeyili kukholomu elandelayo, kodwa ngeke wazi. Ngingamane nje. Khumbula, lapho sabelana ngolwazi nolwazi oluningi, kuba ngcono kakhulu.
I-FABRICATOR ingumagazini ohamba phambili wokukhiqiza nokwenza insimbi eNyakatho Melika. Lo magazini ushicilela izindaba, izihloko zobuchwepheshe kanye nezindaba zempumelelo ezivumela abakhiqizi ukwenza umsebenzi wabo ngempumelelo enkulu. I-FABRICATOR ibilokhu ikhona embonini kusukela ngo-1970.
Manje ngokufinyelela okugcwele kuhlelo lwedijithali lwe-FABRICATOR, ukufinyelela okulula ezinsizeni ezibalulekile zemboni.
Uhlelo lwedijithali lwe-The Tube & Pipe Journal seluyatholakala ngokugcwele manje, lunikeza ukufinyelela okulula ezinsizeni ezibalulekile zemboni.
Thola ukufinyelela okugcwele kwedijithali ku-STAMPING Journal, equkethe ubuchwepheshe bamuva, imikhuba emihle kanye nezindaba zemboni zemakethe yokunyathela insimbi.
Manje ngokufinyelela okugcwele kwedijithali ku-The Fabricator ngesi-Spanish, unokufinyelela okulula ezinsizeni ezibalulekile zemboni.