Ndisebenzele ukugqiba ngeengxaki zabafundi – ndisenazo iikholamu ezimbalwa ekufuneka ndizibhale ngaphambi kokuba ndiphinde ndiziphendule. Ukuba undithumelele umbuzo kwaye andiwuphendulanga, nceda ulinde, umbuzo wakho usenokuba ngolandelayo. Sicinga ngaloo nto, masiphendule umbuzo.
Q: Sizama ukukhetha isixhobo esiya kubonelela nge-radius eyi-0.09 intshi. Ndilahle iindawo ezininzi zokuvavanya; injongo yam kukusebenzisa isitampu esifanayo kuzo zonke izixhobo zethu. Ungandifundisa indlela yokusebenzisa i-0.09 intshi ukuqikelela i-radius egobileyo? i-radius yokuhamba?
A: Ukuba wenza umoya, ungaqikelela i-radius egobileyo ngokuphinda-phinda ukuvulwa kwedayi ngepesenti ngokusekwe kuhlobo lwezinto. Uhlobo ngalunye lwezinto lunoluhlu lwepesenti.
Ukuze ufumane iipesenti zezinye izinto, ungathelekisa amandla azo okutsalwa kunye namandla okutsalwa angama-60,000 psi wezinto zethu ezisetyenzisiweyo (intsimbi eqhotsiweyo ebandayo enekhabhoni ephantsi). Umzekelo, ukuba izinto zakho ezintsha zinamandla okutsalwa angama-120,000 psi, ungaqikelela ukuba ipesenti iya kuba kabini kunesiseko, okanye malunga nama-32%.
Masiqale ngezinto zethu zokubhekisela, intsimbi eqengqelekayo ebandayo enekhabhoni ephantsi enamandla okutsalwa angama-60,000 psi. Irediyasi yokwakheka komoya wangaphakathi wale nto iphakathi kwe-15% kunye ne-17% yokuvulwa kwedayi, ngoko ke sihlala siqala ngexabiso lokusebenza le-16%. Olu luhlu lubangelwa kukwahluka kwazo ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo, ubukhulu, ubulukhuni, amandla okutsalwa, kunye namandla okuvelisa. Zonke ezi mpawu zezinto zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokunyamezelana, ngoko ke akunakwenzeka ukufumana ipesenti echanekileyo. Akukho ziqwenga zimbini zezinto ezifanayo.
Ucinga ngako konke oku, uqala nge-median ye-16% okanye i-0.16 uze uyiphindaphinde ngobukhulu bezinto. Ke ngoko, ukuba wenza izinto ze-A36 ezinkulu kune-0.551 intshi. Xa idayisi ivuliwe, i-inside bend radius yakho kufuneka ibe malunga ne-0.088″ (0.551 × 0.16 = 0.088). Uza kusebenzisa i-0.088 njengexabiso elilindelekileyo le-inside bend radius oyisebenzisayo kwi-bend allowance kunye ne-bend subtraction calculations.
Ukuba uhlala ufumana izinto ezivela kumthengisi omnye, uya kukwazi ukufumana ipesenti enokusondeza kwi-inside bend radius oyifumanayo. Ukuba izinto zakho zivela kubathengisi abahlukeneyo, kungcono ukushiya ixabiso eliphakathi elibaliweyo, njengoko iimpawu zezinto zinokuhluka kakhulu.
Ukuba ufuna ukufumana umngxuma wokufa oya kunika i-radius ethile yokugoba ngaphakathi, ungayiguqula le fomyula:
Ukusuka apha ungakhetha umngxuma we-die okufutshane. Qaphela ukuba oku kuthetha ukuba i-radius yangaphakathi ye-gond ofuna ukuyifikelela ihambelana nobukhulu bezinto oziphehlayo. Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezilungileyo, zama ukukhetha i-die open ene-radius yangaphakathi ye-gond ekufutshane okanye elingana nobukhulu bezinto.
Xa uqwalasela zonke ezi zinto, umngxuma wedayi owukhethayo uya kukunika iradiyum yangaphakathi. Kwakhona qiniseka ukuba iradiyum ye-punch ayidluli iradiyum egobileyo yomoya kwisixhobo.
Khumbula ukuba akukho ndlela igqibeleleyo yokuqikelela i-radii yangaphakathi egobileyo ngenxa yazo zonke izinto eziguquguqukayo. Ukusebenzisa ezi pesenti zobubanzi be-chip ngumthetho ochanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kusenokufuneka ukutshintshiselana imiyalezo enexabiso lepesenti.
Q: Kutshanje ndifumene imibuzo eliqela malunga nokuba kunokwenzeka na ukuba isixhobo sokugoba sitsalwe ngemagnethi. Nangona singakayiboni le nto isenzeka ngesixhobo sethu, ndinomdla wokwazi ukuba ingxaki ingakanani. Ndiyabona ukuba ukuba i-mold inemagnethi eninzi, i-blank inokunamathela kwi-mold kwaye ingakheki rhoqo ukusuka kwesinye iqhekeza ukuya kwesinye. Ngaphandle koko, ngaba kukho ezinye izinto ezixhalabisayo?
Impendulo: Iibrakethi okanye iibrakethi ezixhasa idayisi okanye ezisebenzisana nesiseko sebrake yokucinezela aziqhelekanga ukuba nemagnethi. Oku akuthethi ukuba umqamelo wokuhombisa awunakuba nemagnethi. Oku akunakwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho amawakawaka eentsimbi ezincinci ezinokuba nemagnethi, nokuba sisiqwenga somthi kwinkqubo yokunyathela okanye i-radius gauge. Ingakanani le ngxaki? inzulu kakhulu. Kutheni? Ukuba esi siqwenga sincinci sezinto asibanjwanga ngexesha, sinokungena kumphezulu womsebenzi webhedi, sidale indawo ebuthathaka. Ukuba inxalenye enemagnethi ityebile ngokwaneleyo okanye inkulu ngokwaneleyo, inokubangela ukuba izinto zebhedi ziphakame zijikeleze imiphetho ye-insert, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ipleyiti yesiseko ihlale ngokulinganayo okanye ngokulinganayo, nto leyo eya kuchaphazela umgangatho wenxalenye eveliswayo.
Q: Kwinqaku lakho elithi Indlela Ii-Air Curves Ezijika Ngayo Zibukhali, ukhankanye le fomyula: I-Punch Tonnage = Indawo Yezihlangu x Ubukhulu Bezinto x 25 x I-Material Factor. Ivela phi i-25 kule nxaki?
A: Le fomula ithathwe kwiWilson Tool kwaye isetyenziselwa ukubala i-punch tonnage kwaye ayinanto yakwenza nokwenziwa; ndiyilungelelanisile ukuze ndibone ngokwesayensi apho ukugoba kuba nzulu khona. Ixabiso le-25 kwifomula libhekisa kumandla okuvelisa izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ekuphuhliseni le fomula. Ngendlela, le nto ayisaveliswa, kodwa ikufutshane nentsimbi ye-A36.
Kakade ke, kufuneka okuninzi ukuze kubalwe ngokuchanekileyo indawo yokugoba kunye nomgca wokugoba wencam yokubhoboza. Ubude bokugoba, indawo yokudibana phakathi kwempumlo yokubhoboza kunye nezinto, kwanobubanzi bedayi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko, i-radius efanayo yokubhoboza kwisixhobo esifanayo inokuvelisa ukugoba okubukhali kunye nokugoba okugqibeleleyo (oko kukuthi, ukugoba okune-radius yangaphakathi eqikelelweyo kwaye kungekho miqolo kumgca wokugoba). Uza kufumana isixhobo sokubala esibukhali esibalaseleyo kwiwebhusayithi yam esiqwalasela zonke ezi zinto ziguquguqukayo.
Umbuzo: Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthabatha igophe kwikhawuntara engasemva? Ngamanye amaxesha iingcali zethu zeebhreki zokushicilela zisebenzisa imingxunya emincinci ye-V esingayichazanga kwisicwangciso somgangatho. Sisebenzisa ii-deductions eziqhelekileyo zokugoba.
Impendulo: ewe nohayi. Mandikuchaze. Ukuba iyagoba okanye iyanyathela ezantsi, ukuba ububanzi bomngundo buhambelana nobukhulu bezinto zokubumba, i-buckle akufuneki itshintshe kakhulu.
Ukuba wenza umoya, i-radius yangaphakathi ye-gond imiselwa ngumngxuma we-die kwaye ukusuka apho uthatha i-radius efunyenwe kwi-die uze ubale i-bend deduction. Ungafumana amanqaku amaninzi am ngalo mba kwiTheFabricator.com; khangela u-“Benson” kwaye uza kuwafumana.
Ukuze i-airforming isebenze, abasebenzi bakho bobunjineli kuya kufuneka bayile i-slab besebenzisa i-bend subtraction esekelwe kwi-floating radius eyenziwe yi-die (njengoko kuchaziwe kwi-"Bend Inside Radius Prediction" ekuqaleni kweli nqaku). Ukuba umqhubi wakho usebenzisa i-mold efanayo nenxalenye eyayiyilelwe ukuyila, inxalenye yokugqibela kufuneka ibe nexabiso elifanelekileyo.
Nantsi into engaqhelekanga – umlingo omncinci weworkshop ovela kumfundi onomdla ophawula kwikholamu endiyibhalileyo ngoSeptemba 2021 ethi “Amaqhinga Okubhrekha e-T6 Aluminium”.
Impendulo yomfundi: Okokuqala, ubhale amanqaku amahle kakhulu malunga nokusebenza kwesinyithi. Ndiyabulela ngawo. Ngokuphathelele ukufakelwa kwesinyithi ochaze kwikholamu yakho kaSeptemba 2021, ndicinga ukuba ndingabelana ngeengcinga zam ngamava am.
Xa ndandiqala ukubona icebo lokutsalela amanzi kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, ndaxelelwa ukuba ndisebenzise itotshi ye-oxy-acetylene, nditshise igesi ye-acetylene kuphela, kwaye ndipeyinte imigca yesikhunta ngomsi omnyama ovela kwigesi ye-acetylene etshisiweyo. Okufunekayo nje ngumgca omdaka kakhulu okanye omnyama kancinci.
Emva koko vula ioksijini uze ufudumale ucingo ukusuka kwelinye icala lenxalenye kwaye ukusuka kumgama ofanelekileyo de ucingo olunemibala olufakelweyo luqale ukunyamalala luze luphele ngokupheleleyo. Oku kubonakala ngathi bubushushu obufanelekileyo bokuncamathisela i-aluminiyam ngokwaneleyo ukubonelela ngesimo se-90 degrees ngaphandle kweengxaki zokuqhekeka. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba uyibumbe loo nxalenye ngelixa isashushu. Ungayivumela ukuba iphole kwaye isaza kuqhotswa. Ndikhumbula ndikwenza oku kwiphepha le-6061-T6 eliyi-1/8″ ubukhulu.
Ndineminyaka engaphezu kwama-47 ndibandakanyeka kakhulu ekwenzeni isinyithi esichanekileyo kwaye bendisoloko ndinobuchule bokufihla. Kodwa emva kweminyaka emininzi kangaka, andisasifaki. Ndiyazi into endiyenzayo! Okanye mhlawumbi ndingcono ekufihleni. Nokuba kunjalo, ndikwazile ukwenza umsebenzi ngendlela engabizi kakhulu ngaphandle kokwenza izinto ezininzi.
Ndiyazi into enye okanye ezimbini malunga nokuveliswa kwesinyithi, kodwa ndiyavuma ukuba andinalwazi konke konke. Ndinebhongo lokwabelana nani ngolwazi endiluqokelele ebomini bam.
I know one more thing: in general, you all have a lot of experience and knowledge. Let’s say you want to share interesting tips, work habits, or just tidbits with other readers. Please write it down or draw it and send it to me at steve@theartofpressbrake.com.
Akukho siqinisekiso sokuba ndiza kusebenzisa idilesi yakho ye-imeyile kwikholamu elandelayo, kodwa awusoze wazi. Ndingathanda nje. Khumbula, okukhona sabelana ngolwazi namava, kokukhona siba ngcono.
I-FABRICATOR yimagazini ephambili yokwenziwa nokwakhiwa kwentsimbi eMntla Melika. Le magazini ipapasha iindaba, amanqaku obuchwephesha kunye namabali empumelelo avumela abavelisi ukuba benze umsebenzi wabo ngokufanelekileyo. I-FABRICATOR ibikho kushishino ukusukela ngo-1970.
Ngoku ngokufikelela ngokupheleleyo kwi-The FABRICATOR digital edition, kulula ukufikelela kwizixhobo ezixabisekileyo zoshishino.
Uhlelo lwedijithali lweThe Tube & Pipe Journal ngoku lufikeleleka ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo enika ukufikelela lula kwizixhobo ezixabisekileyo zoshishino.
Fumana ukufikelela okugcweleyo kwedijithali kwi-STAMPING Journal, equlethe ubuchwepheshe bamva nje, iindlela ezilungileyo kunye neendaba zoshishino kwimarike yokunyathela isinyithi.
Ngoku unokufikelela ngokupheleleyo kwi-The Fabricator ngeSpanish, unokufikelela lula kwizixhobo ezixabisekileyo zoshishino.