Nhumbi dzezvombo zvesimbi dziripo dzekugadzirisa simbi dzakakura zvakanyanya mumakore apfuura, kusanganisira runyorwa rwemavara evanoshandisa zvinhu zvesimbi.
Kana wava nemakore anopfuura makumi mashanu, pamwe wakadzidza kupinza neSMAW (Shielded Metal Arc kana Electrode) welding machine.
Makore ekuma1990 akatiunzira mukana wekushandisa MIG (metal inert gas) kana FCAW (flux-cored arc welding), izvo zvakaita kuti mabuzzers mazhinji asashande. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, tekinoroji yeTIG (tungsten inert gas) yave kushandiswa muzvitoro zvekurima senzira yakanaka yekubatanidza simbi, aruminiyamu nesimbi isina ngura.
Kukurumbira kuri kuwedzera kwevanowedera vanoshandisa mabasa akawanda ikozvino zvinoreva kuti maitiro ese mana anogona kushandiswa mupakeji imwe chete.
Pazasi pane makosi mapfupi ekushongedza simbi anovandudza hunyanzvi hwako kuti uwane mhedzisiro yakavimbika, zvisinei nekuti unoshandisa nzira ipi yekushongedza simbi.
Jody Collier akazvipira pakudzidzisa kubatanidza nekusanganisa simbi. Mawebhusaiti ake eWeldingtipsandtricks.com neWelding-TV.com azere nemazano anoshanda emhando dzese dzekubatanidza simbi.
Gasi rinonyanya kufarirwa pakusanganisa MIG icarbon dioxide (CO2). Kunyangwe CO2 isingadhuri uye yakakodzera kugadzira ma weld anopinda mukati mesimbi dzakakora, gasi iri rekudzivirira rinogona kupisa zvakanyanya pakusanganisa simbi dzakatetepa. Ndosaka Jody Collier achikurudzira kuchinja kune musanganiswa we75% argon uye 25% carbon dioxide.
"Aa, unogona kushandisa argon yakachena kusanganisa MIG nearuminiyamu kana simbi, asi zvinhu zvitete chete," akadaro. "Zvimwe zvese zvakasungirirwa zvakanyanya neargon yakachena."
Collier anoti kune misanganiswa yakawanda yegesi iri pamusika, yakaita sehelium-argon-CO2, asi dzimwe nguva yakaoma kuwana uye inodhura.
Kana uri kugadzirisa simbi isingatsvi papurazi, uchafanira kuwedzera misanganiswa miviri ye100% argon kana argon nehelium yekusanganisa aruminiyamu uye musanganiswa we90% argon, 7.5% helium uye 2.5% carbon dioxide.
Kupinda kweMIG weld kunoenderana negasi rinodzivirira. Carbon dioxide (kumusoro kurudyi) inopa welding inopinza zvakadzika zvichienzaniswa neargon-CO2 (kumusoro kuruboshwe).
Usati waisa tambo pakugadzirisa aruminiyamu, iva nechokwadi chekuti wachenesa weld zvakanaka kuti usaparadze weld.
Kuchenesa weld kwakakosha nekuti alumina inonyunguduka pa3700°F uye base metals inonyunguduka pa1200°F. Saka, chero oxide (oxidation kana white corrosion) kana oiri iri pamusoro pechinhu chakagadzirwa zvinodzivirira kupinda kwe filler metal.
Kubviswa kwemafuta kunotanga. Ipapo, uye ipapo chete, kusvibiswa kweoxidative kunofanira kubviswa. Usachinje kurongeka, anonyevera kudaro Joel Otter weMiller Electric.
Nekuwedzera kukurumbira kwemichina yekuwedera waya muma1990, vashandi vekuwedera mikoko vakaedza uye vakashanda vakamanikidzwa kuunganidza guruva mumakona ezvitoro.
Kusiyana neaya mabuzzers ekare aingoshandiswa chete pakushanda kwemagetsi anochinjana (AC), mawelders emazuva ano anoshanda pamagetsi anochinjana (alternating current) nemagetsi anochinja polarity yemagetsi ka120 pasekondi.
Mabhenefiti anowanikwa nekuchinja uku kwekukurumidza kwe polarity akakura, anosanganisira kutanga kuri nyore, kunamira zvishoma, kusaparadzira zvakawanda, kupinza zvinhu zvinoyevedza, uye kupinza zvinhu zviri nyore kubva kumusoro kusvika kumusoro.
Pamwe chete nekuti stick welding inogadzira weld dzakadzika, yakanaka pabasa rekunze (MIG shielding gasi inopeperetswa nemhepo), inoshanda zvakanaka nezvinhu zvakakora, uye inopisa kuburikidza nengura, tsvina, uye pendi. Michina yewelding inotakurikawo uye iri nyore kushandisa, saka unogona kuona kuti sei muchina mutsva we electrode kana multi-processor welding wakakodzera mari yacho.
Joel Orth weMiller Electric anopa mazano ekushandisa magetsi anotevera. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo shanyirai: millerwelds.com/resources/welding-guides/stick-welding-guide/stick-welding-tips.
Gasi rehydrogen idambudziko guru rekuchinjisa, zvichikonzera kunonoka kwekuchinjisa, kutsemuka kweHAZ kunoitika maawa kana mazuva mushure mekuchinjisa kwapera, kana zvese zviri zviviri.
Zvisinei, njodzi yehydrogen inowanzo bviswa zviri nyore nekuchenesa simbi zvakanaka. Inobvisa mafuta, ngura, pendi uye hunyoro hwese sezvo zviri manyuko ehydrogen.
Zvisinei, hydrogen inoramba iri njodzi pakusanganisa simbi yakasimba (inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumidziyo yekurima yemazuva ano), mapurofayi esimbi akakora, uye munzvimbo dzine miganho yakanyanya. Pakugadzirisa zvinhu izvi, iva nechokwadi chekuti washandisa electrode ine hydrogen shoma uye wotanga wapisa nzvimbo yekusanganisa.
Jody Collier anotaura kuti maburi akaita sesponji kana mabubble madiki emhepo anoonekwa pamusoro peweld chiratidzo chekuti weld yako ine maburi, ayo anoona sedambudziko guru pakuweld.
Kuboorwa kweweld kunogona kutora mhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira maburi epamusoro, maburi ewormhole, macrater, uye maburi, anoonekwa (pamusoro) uye asingaonekwe (mukati meweld).
Collier anopawo zano rekuti, “Regai dziva rirambe rakanyunguduka kwenguva yakareba, zvichiita kuti gasi rifashaire kubva muweld risati raoma nechando.”
Kunyange zvazvo dhayamita yewaya inowanzo shandiswa iri 0.035 uye 0.045 inches, waya diki ine dhayamita inoita kuti zvive nyore kugadzira weld yakanaka. Carl Huss weLincoln Electric anokurudzira kushandisa waya ye0.025″, kunyanya pakusanganisa zvinhu zvitete 1/8″ kana pasi.
Akatsanangura kuti vazhinji vanowedera vanogadzira ma weld akakura zvakanyanya, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kupisa. Waya diki ine dhayamita inoita kuti itsve yakasimba pamagetsi akaderera zvichiita kuti isatsve zvakanyanya.
Chenjerera paunenge uchishandisa nzira iyi pazvinhu zvakakora (3⁄16″ uye zvakakora), sezvo waya ine dhayamita ye0.025″ inogona kukonzera kunyunguduka kusina kukwana.
Zvaingova kurota chete kuvarimi vari kutsvaga nzira iri nani yekusanganisa simbi dzakatetepa, aruminiyamu nesimbi isina ngura, maTIG welders ari kuwanda muzvitoro zvemapurazi nekuda kwekuwedzera kukurumbira kwevanogadzira ma multi-processor welders.
Zvisinei, zvichibva pane zvakaitika kwauri, kudzidza TIG welding hakusi nyore sekudzidza MIG welding.
TIG inoda maoko ese ari maviri (rimwe rekubata chitubu chekupisa mu electrode inopisa nezuva ye tungsten, rimwe rekuisa tsvimbo yekuzadza mu arc) uye tsoka imwe (kushandisa pedal yetsoka kana current regulator yakaiswa pa torch). Kubatana kwemativi matatu kunoshandiswa kutanga, kugadzirisa uye kumisa kuyerera kwemagetsi).
Kuti vadzivise mhedzisiro yakaita seiya yangu, vanotanga uye avo vanoda kunatsiridza hunyanzvi hwavo vanogona kushandisa aya matipi eTIG welding, sezvakataurwa naMiller Electric consultant Ron Covell, Welding Tips: The Secret to TIG Welding Success.
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