Cov khoom siv vuam uas muaj los tiv thaiv kev kho hlau tau loj hlob sai heev hauv ntau xyoo, suav nrog cov npe ntawm tus kws vuam.
Yog tias koj muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 50 xyoo, tej zaum koj twb tau kawm paub vuam siv lub tshuab vuam SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc lossis Electrode).
Xyoo 1990s coj peb qhov yooj yim ntawm MIG (hlau inert gas) lossis FCAW (flux-cored arc welding) welding, uas ua rau ntau lub buzzers so haujlwm. Tsis ntev los no, TIG (tungsten inert gas) thev naus laus zis tau nkag mus rau hauv cov khw muag khoom ua liaj ua teb ua ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los sib xyaw cov hlau, txhuas thiab stainless hlau.
Qhov kev nrov zuj zus ntawm cov tshuab vuam ntau lub hom phiaj tam sim no txhais tau tias tag nrho plaub txoj kev tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ib pob.
Hauv qab no yog cov kev kawm luv luv txog kev vuam uas yuav txhim kho koj cov txuj ci kom tau txiaj ntsig zoo, txawm koj siv cov txheej txheem vuam twg los xij.
Jody Collier tau mob siab rau nws txoj haujlwm rau kev vuam thiab kev cob qhia ua tus kws vuam. Nws lub vev xaib Weldingtipsandtricks.com thiab Welding-TV.com muaj cov lus qhia thiab cov tswv yim siv tau rau txhua hom kev vuam.
Cov roj uas nyiam siv rau kev vuam MIG yog carbon dioxide (CO2). Txawm hais tias CO2 pheej yig thiab zoo tagnrho rau kev tsim cov vuam tob hauv cov hlau tuab, cov roj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem kub dhau thaum vuam cov hlau nyias. Yog vim li ntawd Jody Collier thiaj pom zoo kom hloov mus rau qhov sib xyaw ntawm 75% argon thiab 25% carbon dioxide.
"Auj, koj siv tau cov argon ntshiab los vuam cov txhuas lossis hlau MIG, tab sis tsuas yog cov khoom nyias nyias xwb," nws hais. "Txhua yam khoom siv yog vuam nrog cov argon ntshiab heev."
Collier sau tseg tias muaj ntau yam roj sib xyaw ua ke hauv khw, xws li helium-argon-CO2, tab sis qee zaum lawv nyuaj nrhiav thiab kim heev.
Yog tias koj kho cov hlau tsis xeb hauv ib lub teb ua liaj ua teb, koj yuav tsum ntxiv ob qho sib tov ntawm 100% argon lossis argon thiab helium rau vuam txhuas thiab ib qho sib tov ntawm 90% argon, 7.5% helium thiab 2.5% carbon dioxide.
Qhov permeability ntawm MIG weld nyob ntawm cov roj shielding. Carbon dioxide (sab saud sab xis) muab kev vuam tob tob piv rau argon-CO2 (sab saud sab laug).
Ua ntej arcing thaum kho txhuas, nco ntsoov ntxuav qhov vuam kom huv si kom tsis txhob ua puas qhov vuam.
Kev ntxuav qhov vuam yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias alumina yaj ntawm 3700 ° F thiab cov hlau puag yaj ntawm 1200 ° F. Yog li ntawd, txhua yam oxide (oxidation lossis dawb corrosion) lossis roj ntawm qhov chaw kho yuav tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm cov hlau filler.
Kev tshem tawm cov rog yog qhov tseem ceeb ua ntej. Tom qab ntawd, thiab tsuas yog thaum ntawd xwb, yuav tsum tshem tawm cov pa phem oxidative. Tsis txhob hloov qhov kev txiav txim, Joel Otter ntawm Miller Electric ceeb toom.
Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuab vuam hlau hauv xyoo 1990, cov neeg ua haujlwm vuam hlau uas tau sim thiab muaj tseeb raug yuam kom sau cov hmoov av hauv cov ces kaum ntawm cov khw.
Tsis zoo li cov buzzers qub uas tsuas yog siv rau kev ua haujlwm alternating current (AC), cov welders niaj hnub no ua haujlwm ntawm ob qho tib si alternating current thiab direct current (DC), hloov qhov polarity ntawm kev vuam 120 zaug hauv ib ob.
Cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev hloov pauv polarity sai no yog qhov loj heev, suav nrog kev pib yooj yim dua, tsawg dua lo, tsawg dua spatter, zoo nkauj dua welds, thiab yooj yim dua ntsug thiab overhead vuam.
Ua ke nrog qhov tseeb tias kev vuam hlau nplaum ua rau muaj kev vuam tob dua, nws zoo heev rau kev ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov (MIG cov pa roj tiv thaiv raug cua tshuab mus), ua haujlwm tau zoo nrog cov ntaub ntawv tuab, thiab hlawv los ntawm xeb, av qias neeg, thiab xim. Cov tshuab vuam kuj tseem yooj yim nqa tau thiab yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, yog li koj tuaj yeem pom vim li cas lub tshuab vuam electrode tshiab lossis ntau lub processor tsim nyog rau kev nqis peev.
Joel Orth ntawm Miller Electric muaj cov electrode pointers hauv qab no. Yog xav paub ntxiv mus saib: millerwelds.com/resources/welding-guides/stick-welding-guide/stick-welding-tips.
Cov pa roj hydrogen yog qhov txaus ntshai heev rau kev vuam, ua rau kev vuam qeeb, HAZ tawg uas tshwm sim ntau teev lossis ntau hnub tom qab vuam tiav, lossis ob qho tib si.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev hem thawj ntawm hydrogen feem ntau yooj yim tshem tawm los ntawm kev ntxuav cov hlau kom huv si. Tshem tawm cov roj, xeb, xim thiab cov dej noo vim tias lawv yog qhov chaw ntawm hydrogen.
Txawm li cas los xij, hydrogen tseem yog qhov txaus ntshai thaum vuam cov hlau muaj zog heev (siv ntau dua hauv cov khoom siv ua liaj ua teb niaj hnub no), cov hlau tuab, thiab hauv cov chaw vuam uas txwv tsis pub vuam. Thaum kho cov ntaub ntawv no, nco ntsoov siv cov electrode hydrogen tsawg thiab ua kom sov qhov chaw vuam ua ntej.
Jody Collier taw qhia tias cov qhov me me lossis cov npuas me me uas tshwm sim rau ntawm qhov chaw vuam yog ib qho cim qhia tseeb tias koj qhov vuam muaj porosity, uas nws suav tias yog qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws nrog kev vuam.
Qhov porosity ntawm qhov vuam tuaj yeem muaj ntau hom, suav nrog cov qhov hws saum npoo av, cov qhov wormholes, cov qhov av, thiab cov kab noj hniav, pom (ntawm qhov chaw) thiab tsis pom (tob hauv qhov vuam).
Collier kuj qhia tias, "Cia lub pas dej nyob twj ywm ntev dua, cia cov roj npau tawm ntawm qhov vuam ua ntej nws khov."
Txawm hais tias cov xov hlau uas feem ntau siv yog 0.035 thiab 0.045 nti, cov xov hlau uas me dua ua rau nws yooj yim dua los tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas zoo. Carl Huss ntawm Lincoln Electric pom zoo kom siv cov xov hlau 0.025 ″, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum vuam cov ntaub ntawv nyias 1/8 ″ lossis tsawg dua.
Nws piav qhia tias feem ntau cov neeg vuam feem ntau ua cov vuam uas loj dhau, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kub hnyiab. Cov hlau me dua muab qhov vuam ruaj khov dua ntawm qhov hluav taws xob qis dua ua rau nws tsis tshua muaj feem kub hnyiab.
Ceev faj thaum siv txoj kev no rau cov ntaub ntawv tuab dua (3/16″ thiab tuab dua), vim tias cov hlau uas muaj txoj kab uas hla 0.025″ yuav ua rau yaj tsis txaus.
Yav tas los tsuas yog ib qho kev npau suav uas tau los ua qhov tseeb rau cov neeg ua liaj ua teb uas tab tom nrhiav txoj hauv kev zoo dua los vuam cov hlau nyias, txhuas thiab hlau tsis xeb, cov tshuab vuam TIG tau los ua ntau dua hauv cov khw muag khoom ua liaj ua teb ua tsaug rau qhov nrov zuj zus ntawm cov tshuab vuam ntau lub processor.
Txawm li cas los xij, raws li kev paub dhau los ntawm tus kheej, kev kawm vuam TIG tsis yooj yim npaum li kev kawm vuam MIG.
TIG xav tau ob txhais tes (ib txhais tes tuav lub cua sov hauv lub hnub ci tungsten electrode, lwm txhais tes pub lub filler rod rau hauv lub arc) thiab ib txhais taw (los khiav lub foot pedal lossis lub current regulator mounted rau ntawm lub teeb) Peb txoj kev sib koom tes yog siv los pib, kho thiab nres current ntws).
Yuav kom tsis txhob muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo li kuv li, cov neeg pib tshiab thiab cov neeg uas tab tom nrhiav kev txhim kho lawv cov txuj ci tuaj yeem siv cov lus qhia TIG welding no, raws li Miller Electric tus kws pab tswv yim Ron Covell, Welding Tips: The Secret to TIG Welding Success.
Yav Tom Ntej: Ncua sijhawm tsawg kawg yog 10 feeb. Cov ntaub ntawv no tsuas yog muab rau "raws li nws yog" rau kev qhia xwb thiab tsis yog rau kev lag luam lossis cov lus pom zoo. Yog xav saib txhua qhov kev ncua sijhawm pauv thiab cov nqe lus siv, mus saib https://www.barchart.com/solutions/terms.