Muchina mutsva we inline static mixer wakagadzirwa zvakananga kuti usvike pazvinodiwa zvakasimba zve high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) uye ultra high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC neUHPLC) systems. Kusasanganiswa zvakanaka kwezvikamu zviviri kana kupfuura zve mobile phases kunogona kukonzera signal-to-noise ratio yakakwira, izvo zvinoderedza kunzwa. Kusanganiswa kwe homogeneous static mixing kwemvura mbiri kana kupfuura ine low internal volume uye physical dimensions ye static mixer inomiririra mwero wepamusoro we static mixer yakanaka. Muchina mutsva we static mixer unowana izvi nekushandisa tekinoroji itsva yekudhinda ye3D kugadzira chimiro chakasiyana che3D chinopa hydrodynamic static mixing yakavandudzwa nekuderedza zvakanyanya base sine wave per unit internal volume yemusanganiswa. Kushandisa 1/3 ye internal volume yemuchina we conventional mixer kunoderedza basic sine wave ne98%. Muchina uyu une nzira dzakabatana dze3D flow dzine nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dze cross-sectional uye path lengths sezvo fluid ichipfuura ne complex 3D geometries. Kusanganiswa munzira dzakawanda dze tortuous flow, pamwe chete ne local turbulence uye eddies, zvinoguma nekusanganiswa pa micro, meso uye macro scales. Musanganiswa uyu wakasiyana wakagadzirwa uchishandisa masimulation e computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Ruzivo rwekuyedza rwakapihwa runoratidza kuti kusanganiswa kwakanaka kunowanikwa nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemukati.
Kwemakore anopfuura makumi matatu, liquid chromatography yave ichishandiswa mumaindasitiri akawanda, anosanganisira mishonga, mishonga yezvipembenene, kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, forensics, uye ongororo yemakemikari. Kukwanisa kuyera zvikamu pamiriyoni kana pasi kwakakosha pakukura kwetekinoroji mune chero indasitiri. Kusashanda zvakanaka kwekusanganisa kunotungamira kune ratio isina kunaka yesignal-to-noise, iyo inonetsa nharaunda yechromatography maererano nemiganhu yekuona uye sensitivity. Pakusanganisa solvents mbiri dzeHPLC, dzimwe nguva zvinodikanwa kumanikidza kusanganisa nenzira dzekunze kuti solvents mbiri dziite homogeneous nekuti dzimwe solvents hadzisangani zvakanaka. Kana solvents dzisina kusanganiswa zvakakwana, kuora kweHPLC chromatogram kunogona kuitika, zvichizviratidza se baseline noise yakawandisa uye/kana peak shape isina kunaka. Nekusanganisa kusina kunaka, baseline noise ichaonekwa se sine wave (kukwira nekudzika) kwe detector signal nekufamba kwenguva. Panguva imwe chete, kusanganisa kusina kunaka kunogona kutungamira kukuwedzera uye asymmetric peaks, kuderedza analytical performance, peak shape, uye peak resolution. Indasitiri iyi yaona kuti in-line uye tee static mixers inzira yekuvandudza miganhu iyi uye kubvumira vashandisi kuwana miganhu yakaderera yekuona (sensitivities). Musanganiswa wakakodzera we static mixer unosanganisa mabhenefiti ekushanda zvakanaka kwekusanganisa, low dead volume uye low pressure drop ne minimum volume uye maximum system throughput. Pamusoro pezvo, sezvo ongororo ichiwedzera kuoma, vaongorori vanofanirwa kushandisa nguva dzose polar uye zvakaoma kusanganisa solvents. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kusanganisa kuri nani kunofanirwa kuitwa pakuedza mune ramangwana, zvichiwedzera kudiwa kwekugadzira uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemusanganiswa.
Mott ichangobva kugadzira mhando itsva yemichina yekusanganisa yePerfectPeakTM ine patent ine mavhoriyamu matatu emukati: 30 µl, 60 µl uye 90 µl. Saizi idzi dzinofukidza huwandu hwemavhoriyamu uye hunhu hwekusanganisa hunodiwa pakuyedza kweHPLC kwakawanda uko kusanganiswa kwakagadziridzwa uye kupararira kushoma kunodiwa. Mhando dzese nhatu dzine dhayamita ye0.5″ uye dzinopa mashandiro anotungamira muindasitiri mudhizaini diki. Dzakagadzirwa nesimbi isingatsvedzi ye316L, dzisingapindi simba, asi titanium nedzimwe alloys dzesimbi dzinodzivirira ngura uye dzine makemikari dziripowo. Michina iyi yekusanganisa ine kumanikidzwa kukuru kwekushanda kunosvika 20,000 psi. Pamufananidzo 1a pane mufananidzo wemuchina wekusanganisa we60 µl Mott wakagadzirirwa kupa kushanda kwakanyanya kwekusanganisa uku uchishandisa vhoriyamu diki yemukati pane muchina wekusanganisa werudzi urwu. Dhizaini iyi itsva yekusanganisa yestatic inoshandisa tekinoroji itsva yekugadzira additive kugadzira chimiro chakasiyana che3D chinoshandisa kuyerera kwemukati kushoma kupfuura chero muchina wekusanganisa uri kushandiswa pari zvino muindasitiri yechromatography kuti uwane kusanganisa kwestatic. Michina yakadaro ine nzira dzakabatana dzekuyerera dzine mativi matatu dzine nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuchinjiko uye hurefu hwakasiyana hwenzira sezvo mvura ichiyambuka zvipingamupinyi zvakaoma zvejometri mukati. Pamufananidzo. Mufananidzo 1b unoratidza dhayagiramu yemuchina mutsva wekusanganisa, iyo inoshandisa midziyo yeHPLC yakajairwa 10-32 yekupinda nekubuda, uye ine miganhu yebhuruu yechiteshi chemuchina wekubatanidza wepatent. Nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuchinjiko dzenzira dzemuchinjiko uye shanduko munzira yekuyerera mukati mehuwandu hwekuyerera kwemukati zvinogadzira nzvimbo dzekuyerera kwakasimba uye kwakadzika, zvichikonzera kusanganiswa pazviyero zve micro, meso uye macro. Dhizaini yemuchina uyu wakasiyana wakashandisa simulations ye computational fluid dynamics (CFD) kuongorora mapatani ekuyerera uye kunatsa dhizaini isati yaitwa prototyping yekuongorora mukati meimba uye kuongororwa kwemunda wevatengi. Kugadzira kwekuwedzera inzira yekudhinda zvikamu zve 3D geometric zvakananga kubva kudhirowa dzeCAD pasina kudiwa kwemuchina wekare (milling machines, lathes, nezvimwewo). Aya ma static mixers matsva akagadzirwa kuti agadziriswe achishandisa maitiro aya, uko muviri wemusanganisi unogadzirwa kubva kudhirowa dzeCAD uye zvikamu zvinogadzirwa (zvakadhindwa) layer nelayer uchishandisa kugadzirwa kwekuwedzera. Pano, jira reupfu hwesimbi rine ukobvu hwema microns makumi maviri rinoiswa, uye laser inodzorwa nekombuta inonyungudutsa zvakanaka yobatanidza upfu kuita chimiro chakasimba. Isa rimwe jira pamusoro pejira iri woisa laser sintering. Dzokorora maitiro aya kusvika chikamu chapera zvachose. Upfu hunozobviswa kubva muchikamu chisina laser bonded, zvichisiya chikamu chakadhindwa che3D chinoenderana neCAD drawing yekutanga. Chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chakafanana nemaitiro e microfluidic, musiyano mukuru uri wekuti zvikamu zve microfluidic zvinowanzova zviviri-dimensional (flat), nepo uchishandisa kugadzirwa kwekuwedzera, mapatani ekuyerera akaomarara anogona kugadzirwa mu three-dimensional geometry. Mafaucet aya aripo parizvino sezvikamu zvakadhindwa zve3D mu316L stainless steel uye titanium. Mazhinji esimbi alloys, mapolymers uye mamwe maceramics anogona kushandiswa kugadzira zvikamu uchishandisa nzira iyi uye zvichatariswa mumagadzirirwo/zvigadzirwa zvemangwana.
Mupunga. 1. Mufananidzo (a) nedhayagiramu (b) yemusanganiswa we 90 μl Mott static mixer unoratidza chikamu chenzira yekuyerera kwemvura yemusanganiswa yakafukidzwa nebhuruu.
Shandisa masimulation e CFD e computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ekushanda kwe static mixer panguva yekugadzira kuti ubatsire kugadzira magadzirirwo anoshanda uye kuderedza nguva uye zvinodhura kuedza-uye-kukanganisa. CFD simulation yema static mixers uye standard piping (isina-mixer simulation) uchishandisa COMSOL Multiphysics software package. Kugadzira ma modelling uchishandisa pressure-driven laminar fluid mechanics kuti unzwisise fluid velocity uye pressure mukati mechikamu. Iyi fluid dynamics, pamwe chete nemakemikari ekufambisa ma mobile phase compounds, inobatsira kunzwisisa kusanganiswa kwemvura mbiri dzakasiyana dzakabatana. Modhi iyi inodzidzwa sebasa renguva, yakaenzana nemasekondi gumi, kuti zvive nyore kuverenga uchitsvaga mhinduro dzakafanana. Data redzidziso rakawanikwa muchidzidzo chenguva-correlated uchishandisa point probe projection tool, uko poindi iri pakati pekubuda yakasarudzwa kuti iunganidzwe data. Modhi yeCFD uye bvunzo dzekuedza dzakashandisa solvents mbiri dzakasiyana kuburikidza ne proportional sampling valve uye pumping system, zvichikonzera plug yekutsiva solvent yega yega mumutsara we sampling. Solvents idzi dzinozosanganiswa mu static mixer. Mifananidzo 2 ne3 inoratidza kutevedzera kuyerera kwemvura kuburikidza nepombi yakajairwa (isina musanganiswa) uye kuburikidza nemusanganiswa weMott static, zvichiteerana. Kutevedzera kwacho kwakashandiswa pachubhu yakatwasuka ine urefu hwe 5 cm uye 0.25 mm ID kuratidza pfungwa yekuchinjana mapulagi emvura neacetonitrile yakachena muchubhu pasina musanganiswa westatic, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 2. Kutevedzera kwacho kwakashandisa zviyero chaizvo zvechubhu nemusanganiswa uye mwero wekuyerera kwe 0 .3 ml/min.
Mupunga. 2. Kutevedzera kuyerera kweCFD muchubhu ine 5 cm ine dhayamita yemukati ye0.25 mm kuratidza zvinoitika muchubhu yeHPLC, kureva kuti kana pasina muchina wekusanganisa. Tsvuku yakazara inomiririra huwandu hwemvura. Bhuruu inomiririra kushaikwa kwemvura, kureva acetonitrile yakachena. Nzvimbo dzekupararira dzinogona kuonekwa pakati pemapulagi maviri akasiyana ezvinwiwa zvakasiyana.
Mupunga. 3. Musanganiswa usingachinji une huwandu hwe30 ml, wakagadzirwa muCOMSOL CFD software package. Ngano iyi inomiririra huwandu hwemvura iri mumusanganiswa. Mvura yakachena inoratidzwa mutsvuku uye acetonitrile yakachena mubhuruu. Kuchinja kwehuwandu hwemvura inofananidzwa kunomiririrwa nekuchinja kweruvara rwekusanganiswa kwezvinwiwa zviviri.
Pamufananidzo 4 panoratidza chidzidzo chekusimbisa chemuenzaniso wekubatana pakati pekushanda zvakanaka kwekusanganisa nehuwandu hwekusanganisa. Sezvo vhoriyamu yekusanganisa ichiwedzera, kushanda zvakanaka kwekusanganisa kuchawedzera. Sekuziva kwevanyori, mamwe masimba akaomarara anoshanda mukati memusanganiswa haagone kuverengerwa mumuenzaniso uyu weCFD, zvichikonzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekusanganisa mumiedzo yekuedza. Kushanda zvakanaka kwekusanganisa kwekuyedza kwakayerwa sekuderedza kwezana mu base sinusoid. Pamusoro pezvo, kuwedzera kwekumanikidzwa kwemusana kunowanzo kukonzera mazinga akakwira ekusanganisa, ayo asingatariswe mukufananidza.
Mamiriro anotevera eHPLC uye gadziriro yekuedza zvakashandiswa kuyera mafungu e-sine raw kuti zvienzaniswe nekushanda kwema-static mixers akasiyana. Dhayagiramu iri muMufananidzo 5 inoratidza HPLC/UHPLC system layout yakajairika. Static mixer yakaedzwa nekuisa mixer zvakananga mushure mepombi uye pamberi pe injector ne separation column. Kuyerwa kwakawanda kwe background sinusoidal kunoitwa kusingapfuuri injector ne capillary column pakati pe static mixer ne UV detector. Pakuongorora signal-to-noise ratio uye/kana kuongorora peak shape, system configuration inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 5.
Mufananidzo 4. Rondedzero yekushanda zvakanaka kwekusanganisa zvichienzaniswa nehuwandu hwekusanganisa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzemusanganiswa usingachinji. Kusvibiswa kwedzidziso kunotevera maitiro akafanana nedata rekusvibiswa kwekuyedza rinosimbisa kushanda kweCFD simulations.
Sisitimu yeHPLC yakashandiswa pakuedza uku yaive Agilent 1100 Series HPLC ine UV detector inodzorwa nePC inoshandisa Chemstation software. Tafura 1 inoratidza mamiriro ekugadzirisa akajairika ekuyera kushanda kwemusanganiswa nekutarisa sinusoids dzekutanga muzvidzidzo zviviri. Miedzo yekuyedza yakaitwa pamienzaniso miviri yakasiyana yezvinonyungudutsa. Zvinonyungudutsa zviviri zvakasanganiswa muchiitiko 1 zvaive solvent A (20 mM ammonium acetate mumvura yakabviswa ion) uye solvent B (80% acetonitrile (ACN)/20% mvura yakabviswa ion). Muchiitiko 2, solvent A yaive mhinduro ye0.05% acetone (label) mumvura yakabviswa ion. Solvent B musanganiswa we80/20% methanol nemvura. Muchiitiko 1, pombi yakaiswa pachiyero chekuyerera kwe0.25 ml/min kusvika 1.0 ml/min, uye muchiitiko 2, pombi yakaiswa pachiyero chekuyerera kwe1 ml/min. Muzviitiko zvose izvi, chiyero chemusanganiswa wezvinonyungudutsa A neB chaive 20% A/80% B. Chinoongorora chaive chakagadzirirwa 220 nm muchiitiko 1, uye kunyudzwa kwakanyanya kweacetone muchiitiko 2 kwaive kwakagadzirirwa kusvika pahurefu hwe265 nm.
Tafura 1. Magadzirirwo eHPLC eMakesi 1 ne2 Kesi 1 Kesi 2 Kumhanya kwePombi 0.25 ml/min kusvika 1.0 ml/min 1.0 ml/min Solvent A 20 mM ammonium acetate mumvura yakabviswa ion 0.05% Acetone mumvura yakabviswa ion Solvent B 80% Acetonitrile (ACN) / 20% mvura yakabviswa ion 80% methanol / 20% mvura yakabviswa ion Solvent ratio 20% A / 80% B 20% A / 80% B Detector 220 nm 265 nm
Mupunga. 6. Mapuratifomu emasaisai akasanganiswa akayerwa usati washandisa firita yepasi pasi uye mushure mekushandisa firita yekubvisa zvikamu zvekutanga zvechiratidzo.
Mufananidzo 6 muenzaniso wakajairika weruzha rwebaseline rwakasanganiswa muNyaya 1, rwunoratidzwa senzira inodzokororwa ye sinusoidal yakasungirirwa pamusoro pe baseline drift. Baseline drift inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kana kudzikira kwechiratidzo chekumashure. Kana system ikasabvumidzwa kuenzana kwenguva yakakwana, inowanzo donha, asi inodonha zvisina kurongeka kunyangwe system yacho yakagadzikana zvizere. Iyi baseline drift inowanzo kuwedzera kana system iri kushanda mumamiriro ekukwira kwemvura kana ekumanikidzwa kwemusana kwakakwira. Kana baseline drift iyi iripo, zvinogona kuoma kuenzanisa mhedzisiro kubva kumuenzaniso kuenda kumuenzaniso, izvo zvinogona kukundwa nekushandisa low-pass filter kudata raw kuti usefe aya ma low-frequency variations, nokudaro zvichipa oscillation plot ine flat baseline. Pamufananidzo. Mufananidzo 6 unoratidzawo plot ye mixer's baseline noise mushure mekushandisa low-pass filter.
Mushure mekupedza CFD simulations uye kuyedza kwekutanga, ma static mixers matatu akasiyana akazogadzirwa achishandisa zvikamu zvemukati zvakatsanangurwa pamusoro apa nemavhoriyamu matatu emukati: 30 µl, 60 µl uye 90 µl. Rudzi urwu rwunofukidza huwandu hwemavhoriyamu uye mashandiro ekusanganisa anodiwa kune low analyte HPLC applications apo kusanganisa kwakavandudzwa uye kupararira kwakaderera kunodiwa kuti pave nema amplitude baselines akaderera. Pamufananidzo 7 panoratidza zviyero zve basic sine wave zvakawanikwa pa test system yeMuenzaniso 1 (acetonitrile uye ammonium acetate se tracers) nemavhoriyamu matatu ema static mixers uye pasina ma mixers akaiswa. Mamiriro ekuyedza ekuyedza emhedzisiro anoratidzwa muMufananidzo 7 akachengetedzwa nguva dzose mukuyedza kwese kwese kwese 4 zvichienderana nemaitiro akatsanangurwa muTafura 1 pa solvent flow rate ye 0.5 ml/min. Isa offset value kuma datasets kuitira kuti agone kuratidzwa padivi nepadivi pasina signal overlap. Offset haikanganisi amplitude yesignal inoshandiswa kutonga performance level ye mixer. Avhareji yehukuru hwe sinusoidal isina musanganiswa yaive 0.221 mAi, nepo hukuru hwemusanganiswa we static Mott pa 30 µl, 60 µl, uye 90 µl hwakaderera kusvika pa 0.077, 0.017, uye 0.004 mAi, zvichiteerana.
Mufananidzo 7. HPLC UV Detector Signal Offset vs. Time yeCase 1 (acetonitrile ine ammonium acetate indicator) inoratidza kusanganiswa kwe solvent pasina mixer, 30 µl, 60 µl uye 90 µl Mott mixers inoratidza kusanganiswa kwakagadziridzwa (low signal amplitude ) sezvo volume ye static mixer ichiwedzera. (chaiyo data offsets: 0.13 (isina mixer), 0.32, 0.4, 0.45mA kuti ionekwe zviri nani).
Data rinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 8 rakafanana neriri mumufananidzo 7, asi panguva ino rinosanganisira mhedzisiro yevatatu vanoshandiswa zvakanyanya veHPLC static mixers vane huwandu hwemukati hwe50 µl, 150 µl uye 250 µl. Rice. Mufananidzo 8. HPLC UV Detector Signal Offset versus Time Plot yeCase 1 (Acetonitrile neAmmonium Acetate sezviratidzo) inoratidza kusanganiswa kwe solvent isina static mixer, nhevedzano itsva yevaMott static mixers, uye vatatu vakajairika (data offset chaiyo ndeye 0.1 (isina mixer), 0.32, 0.48, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 mA zvakateerana kuti pave nemhedzisiro iri nani). Kuderedzwa kwepesenti ye base sine wave kunoverengerwa nechiyero che amplitude ye sine wave kune amplitude isina mixer yakaiswa. Maperesenti ekuderedzwa kwesimba remagetsi eSine wave akayerwa eCases 1 ne2 akanyorwa muTafura 2, pamwe chete nehuwandu hwemukati memusanganiswa mutsva westatic uye ma mixers manomwe akajairika anoshandiswa muindasitiri. Data riri muMifananidzo 8 ne9, pamwe nekuverenga kwakaratidzwa muTafura 2, zvinoratidza kuti Mott Static Mixer inogona kupa kusvika ku98.1% sine wave attenuation, zvichipfuura kushanda kwemusanganiswa weHPLC wetsika pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya ekuyedza. Mufananidzo 9. HPLC UV detector signal offset versus time plot yekesi 2 (methanol neacetone se tracers) isingaratidzi static mixer (yakasanganiswa), nhevedzano itsva yeMott static mixers uye ma mixers maviri akajairika (data offsets chaiyo ndeye 0, 11 (isina mixer. ), 0.22, 0.3, 0.35 mA uye kuti ionekwe zviri nani). Ma mixers manomwe anowanzo shandiswa muindasitiri akaongororwawo. Izvi zvinosanganisira ma mixers ane mavhoriyamu matatu akasiyana emukati kubva kukambani A (Mixer A1, A2 naA3) uye kambani B (Mixer B1, B2 naB3). Kambani C yakaisa vhoriyamu imwe chete.
Tafura 2. Hunhu hweKusanganisa Kusingachinji uye Hunhu hweMukati Husingachinji 1 Kupora kweSinusoidal: Kuedzwa kweAcetonitrile (Kushanda) Nyaya 2 Kupora kweSinusoidal: Kuedzwa kweMethanol Water (Kushanda) Hurumu yeMukati (µl) Hapana Musanganiswa – - 0 Mott 30 65% 67.2% 30 Mott 60 92.2% 91.3% 60 Mott 90 98.1% 97.5% 90 Musanganiswa A1 66.4% 73.7% 50 Musanganiswa A2 89.8% 91.6% 150 Musanganiswa A3 92.2% 94.5% 250 Musanganiswa B1 44.8% 45.7% 9 35 Musanganiswa B2 845.% 96.2% 370 Musanganiswa C 97.2% 97.4% 250
Kuongororwa kwemhedzisiro iri muMufananidzo 8 neTafura 2 kunoratidza kuti musanganiswa we30 µl Mott une kugona kwakafanana kwekusanganisa nemusanganiswa weA1, kureva 50 µl, zvisinei, 30 µl Mott ine 30% vhoriyamu yemukati yakaderera. Pakuenzanisa musanganiswa we60 µl Mott nemusanganiswa we150 µl A2, pakava nekuvandudzika kudiki mukushanda kwekusanganisa kwe92% zvichienzaniswa ne89%, asi chinonyanya kukosha, mwero uyu wepamusoro wekusanganisa wakawanikwa pa1/3 yevhoriyamu yemusanganiswa. Musanganiswa we90 µl Mott wakatevera maitiro akafanana nemusanganiswa weA3 une vhoriyamu yemukati ye250 µl. Kuvandudzwa mukushanda kwekusanganisa kwe98% ne92% kwakaonekwawo nekudzikira kwevhoriyamu yemukati ka3. Zvakafanana uye kuenzanisa zvakawanikwa kune vanosanganisa B naC. Nekuda kweizvozvo, nhevedzano itsva yevanosanganisa zvisina kusimba Mott PerfectPeakTM inopa kushanda kwepamusoro kwekusanganisa kupfuura vanosanganisa vanokwikwidzana, asi nehukuru hwemukati hushoma, zvichipa ruzha rwekumashure rwuri nani uye chiyero chiri nani chesignal-to-noise, kunzwa kuri nani Analyte, chimiro chepamusoro uye kugadziriswa kwepamusoro. Maitiro akafanana mukushanda kwekusanganisa akaonekwa muzvidzidzo zveCase 1 neCase 2. Kune Case 2, bvunzo dzakaitwa uchishandisa (methanol neacetone sezviratidzo) kuenzanisa kushanda kwekusanganisa kwe60 ml Mott, musanganiswa weA1 unoenzaniswa (vhoriyamu yemukati 50 µl) uye musanganiswa weB1 unoenzaniswa (vhoriyamu yemukati 35 µl). , kushanda kwaive kwakashata pasina musanganiswa wakaiswa, asi wakashandiswa pakuongorora kwekutanga. Musanganiswa weMott we60 ml wakaratidza kuva musanganiswa wakanakisa muboka rekuyedza, zvichipa kuwedzera kwe90% mukushanda kwekusanganisa. Musanganiswa weA1 unoenzaniswa wakaona kuvandudzwa kwe75% mukushanda kwekusanganisa kuchiteverwa nekuvandudzwa kwe45% mumusanganiswa weB1 unoenzaniswa. Kuyedzwa kwekutanga kwekudzikiswa kwe sine wave ne flow rate kwakaitwa pa mixers dzakatevedzana pasi pemamiriro akafanana ne test ye sine curve mu Case 1, ne flow rate chete yakachinja. Data rakaratidza kuti mu flow rates kubva pa 0.25 kusvika 1 ml/min, kudzikira kwekutanga kwe sine wave kwakaramba kwakangofanana kune ese matatu mixer volumes. Kune maviri madiki vhoriyamu mixers, pane kuwedzera kudiki kwe sinusoidal contraction sezvo flow rate ichidzikira, izvo zvinotarisirwa nekuda kwekuwedzera kwenguva yekugara kwe solvent mu mixer, zvichibvumira kuwedzera diffusion mixing. Kubviswa kwe sine wave kunotarisirwa kuwedzera sezvo flow ichidzikira zvakanyanya. Zvisinei, kune mixer volume yakakura ine sine wave base attenuation yakakwira, sine wave base attenuation yakaramba isina kuchinja zvachose (mukati me experimental kusava nechokwadi), ne values ​​​​dziri kubva pa 95% kusvika 98%. Rice. 10. Kudzikiswa kwekutanga kwe sine wave uchienzaniswa ne flow rate muchiitiko chekutanga. Bvunzo iyi yakaitwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana ne sine test ine variable flow rate, ichibaya 80% ye 80/20 musanganiswa we acetonitrile nemvura uye 20% ye 20 mM ammonium acetate.
Mhando itsva yePerfectPeakTM inline static mixers ine patent ine mavhoriyamu matatu emukati: 30 µl, 60 µl uye 90 µl inofukidza huwandu hwehuwandu uye mashandiro ekusanganisa anodiwa kune akawanda ma HPLC analyses anoda kusanganiswa kwakagadziridzwa uye pasi rakaderera rekupararira. Musanganiswa mutsva we static mixer unowana izvi nekushandisa tekinoroji itsva yekudhinda ye3D kugadzira chimiro chakasiyana che3D chinopa hydrodynamic static mixing yakagadziridzwa ine huwandu hwakanyanya hwekuderedza ruzha rwebase noise pa unit volume yeinternal mixer. Kushandisa 1/3 yeinternal volume yemusanganiswa wenguva dzose kunoderedza ruzha rwebase ne98%. Misanganiswa yakadaro ine nzira dzakabatana dze three-dimensional flow channels dzine nzvimbo dzakasiyana dze cross-section uye urefu hwakasiyana hwenzira sezvo mvura ichiyambuka zvipingamupinyi zvakaoma zve geometric mukati. Mhuri itsva ye static mixers inopa kushanda kwakanaka kupfuura makwikwi emakwikwi, asi nehuwandu hushoma hwemukati, zvichikonzera chiyero chiri nani chesignal-to-noise uye miganhu yakaderera yehuwandu, pamwe nekuvandudzwa kwechimiro chepamusoro, kushanda zvakanaka uye resolution yekunzwisisa kwakanyanya.
Mumagazini ino Chromatography - RP-HPLC ine hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza - Kushandisa chromatography ye core-shell kutsiva acetonitrile ne isopropanol mukuongorora nekuchenesa - Chromatography itsva yegesi ye…
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