Ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi huila static inline hou i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻokō i nā koi koʻikoʻi o nā ʻōnaehana chromatography wai kiʻekiʻe (HPLC) a me nā ʻōnaehana wai kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (HPLC a me UHPLC). ʻO ka hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻole ʻana o ʻelua a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pae kelepona hiki ke hopena i kahi ratio hōʻailona-a-noise kiʻekiʻe, e hōʻemi ana i ka naʻau. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o nā wai ʻelua a ʻoi aʻe paha me ka liʻiliʻi o ka leo kūloko a me nā ʻano kino o kahi hui static e hōʻike ana i ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa o kahi hui static kūpono. Hoʻokō ka mea hui static hou i kēia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana paʻi 3D hou e hana i kahi ʻano 3D kūʻokoʻa e hāʻawi ana i ka hoʻohuihui static hydrodynamic i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka hawewe sine kumu no kēlā me kēia leo kūloko o ka hui. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka 1/3 o ka leo kūloko o kahi mixer maʻamau e hōʻemi i ka nalu sine kumu ma 98%. ʻO ka hui hui pū ʻia nā kahawai kahe 3D i hoʻopili ʻia me nā ʻāpana ʻāpana like ʻole a me nā lōʻihi o ke ala i ka wā e hele ai ka wai i nā geometries 3D paʻakikī. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana me nā ala kahe nui, i hui pū ʻia me ka haunaele kūloko a me nā eddies, ka hopena i ka hui ʻana ma nā unahi micro, meso a me macro. Hoʻolālā ʻia kēia mea hui ʻokoʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā simulation fluid dynamics (CFD). Hōʻike ka ʻikepili hoʻāʻo i hōʻike ʻia e hoʻokō ʻia ka hui ʻana me ka liʻiliʻi o ka leo kūloko.
No nā makahiki ʻoi aku ma mua o 30, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka chromatography wai i nā ʻoihana he nui, me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, pesticides, pale kaiapuni, forensics, a me ka loiloi kemika. ʻO ka hiki ke ana i nā ʻāpana o ka miliona a i ʻole he mea koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana i kekahi ʻoihana. ʻO ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka hui ʻana e alakaʻi i ka ratio hōʻailona-a-noise maikaʻi ʻole, he mea hoʻonāukiuki i ke kaiāulu chromatography e pili ana i nā palena ʻike a me ka naʻau. I ka hui ʻana i ʻelua mau mea hoʻoheheʻe HPLC, pono i kekahi manawa ke hoʻoikaika i ka hui ʻana ma nā ʻano o waho e homogenize i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻelua no ka mea ʻaʻole hui maikaʻi kekahi mau solvents. Inā ʻaʻole i hui pono ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka HPLC chromatogram, e hōʻike ana iā ia iho me ke ʻano o ka leo kumu nui a/a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka piko. Me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka hui ʻana, ʻike ʻia ka walaʻau kumu ma ke ʻano he hawewe sine (piʻi a hāʻule) o ka hōʻailona ʻike i ka manawa. I ka manawa like, hiki i ka hui ʻana maikaʻi ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻana a me ka asymmetric peaks, e hōʻemi ana i ka hana analytical, ʻano kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe. Ua ʻike ka ʻoihana ʻo nā mea huila static in-line a me ka tee kahi ala e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kēia mau palena a hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻokō i nā palena ʻike haʻahaʻa (sensitivities). Hoʻohui ka mixer static maikaʻi i nā pōmaikaʻi o ka maikaʻi o ka hui ʻana, haʻahaʻa make haʻahaʻa a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ka nui o ka ʻōnaehana. Eia kekahi, i ka lilo ʻana o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i mea paʻakikī, pono nā mea loiloi e hoʻohana mau i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe polar a paʻakikī hoʻi e hui pū. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hui ʻana ʻoi aku ka pono no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hoʻonui hou i ka pono no ka hoʻolālā mixer kiʻekiʻe a me ka hana.
Ua hoʻomohala hou ʻo Mott i kahi ʻano hou o nā mixers static inline PerfectPeakTM i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ʻekolu mau puke i loko: 30 µl, 60 µl a me 90 µl. Hoʻopili kēia mau nui i ka laulā o nā puke a me nā ʻano hui ʻana e pono ai no ka hapa nui o nā hoʻokolohua HPLC kahi e pono ai ka hoʻohui ʻana a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona ʻekolu a pau he 0.5 ″ ka anawaena a hāʻawi i ka hana alakaʻi alakaʻi ʻoihana ma kahi hoʻolālā paʻa. Hana ʻia lākou me 316L stainless steel, passivated no ka inertness, akā ʻo ka titanium a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻē aʻe a me nā kemika inert metala i loaʻa pū kekahi. Loaʻa i kēia mau mea hoʻohui i ke kaomi hana kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 20,000 psi. Ma ka fig. He kiʻi ʻo 1a o kahi huila static 60 µl Mott i hoʻolālā ʻia e hāʻawi i ka maikaʻi o ka hui ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka leo kūloko liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā mea hui maʻamau o kēia ʻano. Ke hoʻohana nei kēia hoʻolālā mixer static hou i ka ʻenehana hana hoʻohui hou e hana i kahi ʻano 3D kūʻokoʻa e hoʻohana ana i ka kahe o loko ma mua o nā mea hui i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa i ka ʻoihana chromatography e hoʻokō i ka hui ʻana. ʻO ia mau mea hui pū ʻia nā kahawai kahe ʻekolu-dimensional me nā ʻāpana keʻa like ʻole a me nā lōʻihi ala like ʻole i ka wā e hele ai ka wai i nā pale geometric paʻakikī i loko. Ma ka fig. Hōʻike ka Figure 1b i kahi kiʻi kiʻi o ka mea hui hou, e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻoihana maʻamau 10-32 threaded HPLC compression fittings for inlet and outlet, a ua uhi i nā palena polū o ke awa mixer kūloko. ʻO nā ʻāpana keʻa like ʻole o nā ala kahe i loko a me nā hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao kahe i loko o ka leo kahe o loko e hana i nā ʻāpana o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ke kahe laminar, e hui pū ana ma nā unahi micro, meso a me macro. Ua hoʻohana ka hoʻolālā ʻana o kēia hui hui ʻokoʻa i nā simulation computational fluid dynamics (CFD) e kālailai i nā ʻano kahe a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka hoʻolālā ma mua o ka hana ʻana no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i loko o ka hale a me ka loiloi kahua kūʻai. ʻO ka hana hoʻohui ke kaʻina o ka paʻi ʻana i nā ʻāpana geometric 3D pololei mai nā kiʻi CAD me ka ʻole o ka pono o ka mīkini kuʻuna (mīkini milling, lathes, etc.). Hoʻolālā ʻia kēia mau huila static hou e hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia kaʻina hana, kahi i hana ʻia ai ke kino mixer mai nā kaha kiʻi CAD a ua hana ʻia nā ʻāpana (paʻi ʻia) papa ma ka papa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui. Ma ʻaneʻi, waiho ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ka pauka metala ma kahi o 20 microns mānoanoa, a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia kahi laser i hoʻokele ʻia e ka kamepiula a hoʻoheheʻe i ka pauda i kahi ʻano paʻa. E hoʻopili i kahi papa ʻē aʻe ma luna o kēia papa a kau i ka sintering laser. E hana hou i kēia hana a hiki i ka pau ʻana o ka ʻāpana. Wehe ʻia ka pauka mai ka ʻāpana i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia i ka laser, e waiho ana i kahi ʻāpana paʻi 3D e kūlike me ke kiʻi CAD kumu. ʻO ka huahana hope loa he ʻano like me ke kaʻina microfluidic, me ka ʻokoʻa nui ʻo nā ʻāpana microfluidic maʻamau he ʻelua-dimensional (flat), ʻoiai e hoʻohana ana i ka hana hoʻohui, hiki ke hana ʻia nā ʻōnaehana kahe paʻakikī i loko o ka geometry ʻekolu. Loaʻa kēia mau faucets e like me nā ʻāpana paʻi 3D ma 316L stainless steel a me titanium. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā metala, polymers a me kekahi mau seramika e hana i nā ʻāpana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia ʻano hana a e noʻonoʻo ʻia i nā hoʻolālā/huahana e hiki mai ana.
Laiki. 1. Paʻi kiʻi (a) a me ke kiʻikuhi (b) o 90 μl Mott static mixer e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻāpana keʻa o ke ala kahe wai hui pū i uhi ʻia me ka uliuli.
E holo i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka wai hoʻohālikelike (CFD) o ka hana hui ʻana i ka wā o ka hoʻolālā ʻana e kōkua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hoʻolālā maikaʻi a hōʻemi i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻāʻo a me ka hewa. CFD simulation o static mixers a me ka paipu maʻamau (no-mixer simulation) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka polokalamu lako polokalamu COMSOL Multiphysics. Hoʻohālike me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mīkini wai laminar i hoʻoikaika ʻia e hoʻomaopopo i ka wikiwiki o ka wai a me ke kaomi i loko o kahi ʻāpana. ʻO kēia ʻano hoʻoikaika wai, i hui pū ʻia me ka lawe ʻana i nā kemika o nā pūhui ʻano paʻa, kōkua i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hui ʻana o ʻelua mau wai ʻokoʻa. Ua aʻo ʻia ke kumu hoʻohālike ma ke ʻano he hana o ka manawa, e like me 10 kekona, no ka maʻalahi o ka helu ʻana i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā hoʻonā like. Ua loaʻa ka ʻikepili kumu i loko o kahi haʻawina i hoʻopili ʻia i ka manawa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea hana kikoʻī kikoʻī, kahi i koho ʻia ai kahi kiko ma waena o ka puka no ka hōʻiliʻili ʻikepili. Ua hoʻohana ke kŘkohu CFD a me nā ho'āʻo hoʻokolohua ʻelua mau mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻokoʻa ma o ka valve sampling proportional a me ka ʻōnaehana pumping, e loaʻa ana i kahi plug pani no kēlā me kēia solvent i ka laina sampling. Hoʻohui ʻia kēia mau mea hoʻoheheʻe i loko o kahi mixer static. Hōʻike nā kiʻi 2 a me 3 i nā hoʻohālikelike kahe ma o ka paipu maʻamau (ʻaʻohe hui) a ma o ka Mott static mixer. Ua holo ka simulation ma luna o ka paipu pololei 5 cm ka lōʻihi a me ka 0.25 mm ID e hōʻike i ka manaʻo o ka alternating plugs o ka wai a me ka acetonitrile maʻemaʻe i loko o ka paipu me ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi mixer static, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Figure 2. Ua hoʻohana ka simulation i nā ana kikoʻī o ka paipu a me ka mixer a me ke kahe kahe o 0 .3 ml / min.
Laiki. 2. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ke kahe CFD i loko o ka paipu 5 knm me ke anawaena o loko o 0.25 mm e hōʻike i ka mea i hana ʻia i loko o kahi paipu HPLC, ʻo ia hoʻi me ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi hui. Hōʻike ka ʻulaʻula piha i ka hakina nui o ka wai. Hōʻike ka polū i ka nele o ka wai, ʻo ia hoʻi ka acetonitrile maʻemaʻe. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana hoʻoheheʻe ma waena o nā pahu ʻokoʻa o nā wai like ʻole.
Laiki. 3. Mea hoʻoheheʻe static me ka nui o 30 ml, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka pūʻolo polokalamu COMSOL CFD. Hōʻike ka moʻolelo i ka hapa nui o ka wai i loko o ka mea hui. Hōʻike ʻia ka wai maʻemaʻe i ka ʻulaʻula a me ka acetonitrile maʻemaʻe i ka uliuli. Hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hakina nui o ka wai i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kala o ka hui ʻana o nā wai ʻelua.
Ma ka fig. Hōʻike ka 4 i kahi haʻawina hōʻoia o ke kumu hoʻohālikelike ma waena o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka maikaʻi a me ka hui pū ʻana. Ke piʻi aʻe ka nui o ka hui ʻana, e hoʻonui ka maikaʻi o ka hui ʻana. I ka ʻike o ka poʻe kākau, ʻaʻole hiki ke helu ʻia nā mana kino paʻakikī ʻē aʻe e hana ana i loko o ka mixer ma kēia kumu hoʻohālike CFD, e hopena i ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hui ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻO ka hoʻokolohua hoʻohuihui ʻana ua ana ʻia e like me ka pākēneka hoʻemi i ka sinusoid kumu. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa hope i ka hopena i nā pae huikau kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia i ka simulation.
Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā kūlana HPLC a me ka hoʻonohonoho hoʻāʻo ʻana e ana i nā nalu sine maka e hoʻohālikelike i ka hana pili o nā mixer static like ʻole. Hōʻike ke kiʻikuhi ma ke Kiʻi 5 i kahi hoʻolālā ʻōnaehana maʻamau HPLC/UHPLC. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia ka mixer static ma ke kau ʻana i ka mixer ma hope o ka pauma a ma mua o ka injector a me ke kolamu hoʻokaʻawale. Hana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā ana sinusoidal hope ma ke kaʻe ʻana i ka injector a me ke kolamu capillary ma waena o ka mea hui pū me ka mea ʻike UV. I ka loiloi ʻana i ka ratio hōʻailona-a-noise a/a i ʻole ke kālailai ʻana i ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe, hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho ʻōnaehana ma ke Kiʻi 5.
Kiʻi 4. ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka maikaʻi me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka leo no ka laulima o nā mea hui pū. ʻO ka haumia theoretical e hahai ana i ke ʻano like me ka ʻikepili haumia hoʻokolohua e hōʻoia ana i ka pono o nā simulation CFD.
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana HPLC i hoʻohana ʻia no kēia hoʻāʻo he Agilent 1100 Series HPLC me kahi mea ʻike UV i hoʻomalu ʻia e kahi PC e holo ana i ka polokalamu Chemstation. Hōʻike ka Papa 1 i nā kūlana hoʻolohe maʻamau no ke ana ʻana i ka pono o ka mixer ma o ka nānā ʻana i nā sinusoids kumu ma nā haʻawina ʻelua. Ua hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma nā laʻana like ʻole ʻelua o nā solvents. ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻelua i hui pū ʻia i ka hihia 1 he solvent A (20 mM ammonium acetate i ka wai deionized) a me ka solvent B (80% acetonitrile (ACN)/20% wai deionized). Ma ka hihia 2, ʻo ka solvent A he hopena o 0.05% acetone (label) i loko o ka wai deionized. He hui ʻia ʻo Solvent B me 80/20% methanol a me ka wai. Ma ka hihia 1, ua hoʻonohonohoʻia ka paila i ka holoʻana o ka 0.25 ml / min i ka 1.0 ml / min, a i ka hihia 2, ua hoʻonohonohoʻia ka paila i kahi kahe mau o 1 ml / min. I nā hihia ʻelua, ʻo ka lakio o ka hui ʻana o nā solvents A a me B he 20% A / 80% B. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka mea ʻike i ka 220 nm i ka hihia 1, a ʻo ka nui o ka absorption o ka acetone i ka hihia 2 i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka nalu o 265 nm.
Papa 1. Hoʻonohonoho HPLC no nā hihia 1 a me 2 hihia 1 Case 2 Pump Speed ​​​​0.25 ml/min a hiki i 1.0 ml/min 1.0 ml/min Solvent A 20 mM ammonium acetate i loko o ka wai deionized 0.05% Acetone i ka wai deionized Solvent B 80% Acetonitrile / 20% me ka wai deionized. 20% wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻO ka lākiō Solvent 20% A / 80% B 20% A / 80% B Mea ʻike 220 nm 265 nm
Laiki. 6. ʻO nā ʻāpana o nā hawewe sine huikau i ana ʻia ma mua a ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kānana ala haʻahaʻa e wehe i nā mea neʻe kumu o ka hōʻailona.
He la'ana ma'amau ka Figure 6 o ka leo ha'aha'a huikau ma ka hihia 1, i hō'ike 'ia ma ke 'ano he kumu sinusoidal hou i ho'opa'a 'ia ma luna o ka ne'e kumu. ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka papa kuhikuhi he piʻi lohi a hoʻemi paha i ka hōʻailona hope. Inā ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia ka ʻōnaehana e hoʻohālikelike i ka lōʻihi, e hāʻule maʻamau ia, akā e neʻe hewa ʻole ʻoiai inā paʻa loa ka ʻōnaehana. Ke piʻi aʻe nei ka neʻe ʻana o ka baseline i ka wā e hana ana ka ʻōnaehana i ka gradient kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ke kua. I ka wā e hiki mai ana kēia drift baseline, hiki ke paʻakikī ke hoʻohālikelike i nā hualoaʻa mai ka laʻana i ka laʻana, hiki ke lanakila ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kānana haʻahaʻa i ka ʻikepili maka e kānana i kēia mau ʻokoʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a laila e hāʻawi i kahi ʻāpana oscillation me kahi papa kuhikuhi. Ma ka fig. Hōʻike pū ka Figure 6 i kahi ʻāpana o ka walaʻau kumu o ka mea hui ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kānana haʻahaʻa.
Ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā hoʻohālikelike CFD a me ka hoʻāʻo hoʻokolohua mua, ua hoʻomohala ʻia ʻekolu mau huila static kaʻawale me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻāpana kūloko i wehewehe ʻia ma luna me ʻekolu mau puke i loko: 30 µl, 60 µl a me 90 µl. Hoʻopili kēia pae i ka laulā o nā puke a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā hana e pono ai no nā noi HPLC analyte haʻahaʻa kahi e pono ai ka hui ʻana a me ka hoʻopuehu haʻahaʻa e hana i nā baseline amplitude haʻahaʻa. Ma ka fig. Hōʻike ʻo 7 i nā ana hawewe sine maʻamau i loaʻa ma ka ʻōnaehana hoʻāʻo o ka laʻana 1 (acetonitrile a me ammonium acetate ma ke ʻano he tracers) me ʻekolu mau leo ​​o nā mea huila static a ʻaʻohe mea hui. ʻO nā kūlana hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua no nā hopena i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 7 ua paʻa mau i nā hoʻokolohua 4 āpau e like me ke kaʻina hana i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Papa 1 ma kahi kahe kahe o ka solvent o 0.5 ml/min. E hoʻopili i kahi waiwai offset i nā ʻikepili i hiki ke hōʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao me ka ʻole o ke kau ʻana o ka hōʻailona. ʻAʻole pili ka Offset i ka amplitude o ka hōʻailona i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoponopono i ka pae hana o ka mea hui. ʻO ka awelika sinusoidal amplitude me ka hui ʻole he 0.221 mAi, ʻoiai ua hāʻule nā ​​amplitudes o nā hui Mott static ma 30 µl, 60 µl, a me 90 µl i 0.077, 0.017, a me 0.004 mAi.
Kiʻi 7. HPLC UV Detector Signal Offset vs. Time for Case 1 (acetonitrile with ammonium acetate indicator) e hōʻike ana i ka hui ʻana o ka solvent me ka hui ʻole ʻana, 30 µl, 60 µl a me 90 µl Mott mixers e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻana (haʻahaʻa hōʻailona amplitude) e like me ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka static. (nā ʻikepili maoli: 0.13 (ʻaʻohe hui pū), 0.32, 0.4, 0.45mA no ka hōʻike maikaʻi ʻana.
ʻO ka ʻikepili i hōʻike ʻia ma ka fig. Ua like ka 8 me ka Fig. 7, akā i kēia manawa ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā hopena o ʻekolu mea hoʻohana maʻamau HPLC static mixers me nā puke o loko o 50 µl, 150 µl a me 250 µl. Laiki. Kiʻi 8. HPLC UV Detector Signal Offset versus Time Plot no ka hihia 1 (Acetonitrile a me Ammonium Acetate ma ke ʻano he mau hōʻailona) e hōʻike ana i ka hui ʻana o ka solvent me ka ʻole o ka mixer static, ka moʻo hou o Mott static mixers, a me ʻekolu mau mea hoʻohui maʻamau (ʻo 0.1 ka ʻikepili maoli ʻole, 0.48, 0.8, 0.32, 0.8, 0.8, 0.8. 0.9 mA no ka hopena hōʻike maikaʻi aʻe). Ua helu ʻia ka pākēneka o ka hawewe sine kumu e ka ratio o ka amplitude o ka hawewe sine i ka amplitude me ka hoʻokomo ʻole ʻia o ka mixer. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā pākēneka atenuation o ka hawewe sine no nā hihia 1 a me 2 ma ka Papa 2, me nā puke o loko o kahi mixer static hou a me ʻehiku mea hui maʻamau i hoʻohana mau ʻia i ka ʻoihana. Hōʻike nā ʻikepili i nā Kiʻi 8 a me 9, a me nā helu helu i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Papa 2, hiki i ka Mott Static Mixer ke hāʻawi i ka 98.1% attenuation sine wave, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hana o kahi huila HPLC maʻamau ma lalo o kēia mau kūlana hoʻāʻo. Kiʻi 9. HPLC UV detector hōʻailona offset versus time plot no case 2 (methanol and acetone as tracers) e hōʻike ana ʻaʻohe static mixer (hui pū ʻia), he moʻo hou o Mott static mixers a me ʻelua mixers maʻamau (ʻo 0, 11 (me ka hui ʻole. ), 0.22 a me 0.35, mA maikaʻi. Ua loiloi pū ʻia nā mea huila ʻehiku i hoʻohana mau ʻia i ka ʻoihana. Hoʻopili kēia i nā mea hui pū me ʻekolu mau puʻupuʻu kūloko ʻokoʻa mai ka hui A (i koho ʻia ʻo Mixer A1, A2 a me A3) a me ka hui B (i koho ʻia ʻo Mixer B1, B2 a me B3). Hoʻokahi wale nō ka nui o ka hui C.
Papa 2. Nā ʻano o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka Mixer Static a me ka Volume Internal Static Mixer Case 1 Sinusoidal Recovery: Acetonitrile Test (Efficiency) Case 2 Sinusoidal Recovery: Methanol Water Test (Efficiency) Internal Volume (µl) No Mixer – - 0 Mott 30 65% 67.2% 30 Mott 67.2% 30 Mott 3% 92. 98.1% 97.5% 90 Mea Hui A1 66.4% 73.7% 50 Mea Hui A2 89.8% 91.6% 150 Mea Hui A3 92.2% 94.5% 250 Mea hui B1 44.8% 45.7% B2 34.8% 45.7% B2 35. 97.2% 97.4% 250
Hōʻike ka ʻike ʻana o nā hopena ma ke Kiʻi 8 a me ka Papa 2, ʻo ka 30 µl Mott static mixer ua like ka maikaʻi o ka hui ʻana me ka hui A1, ʻo ia hoʻi 50 µl, akā naʻe, ʻo ka 30 µl Mott he 30% emi iho ka nui o loko. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka 60 µl Mott mixer me ka 150 µl internal volume A2 mixer, aia kahi hoʻomaikaʻi iki i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka pono o 92% versus 89%, akā ʻoi aku ka mea nui, ua loaʻa kēia kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hui ʻana ma ka 1/3 o ka nui mixer. mea hui like A2. ʻO ka hana o ka 90 µl Mott mixer i hahai i ke ʻano like me ka A3 mixer me ka nui o loko o 250 µl. ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka hana o 98% a me 92% i ʻike pū ʻia me ka hōʻemi ʻana o 3-fold i ka nui o loko. Ua loaʻa nā hopena like a me nā hoʻohālikelike no nā mixers B a me C. ʻO ka hopena, ʻo ka moʻo hou o nā mixers static Mott PerfectPeakTM e hāʻawi i ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hui ʻana ma mua o nā mea hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū hoʻohālikelike, akā me ka liʻiliʻi o loko, e hāʻawi ana i ka leo ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻailona-i-noise ratio, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka Analyte, ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe. Ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻano like o ka hui ʻana i ka maikaʻi ma ka hihia 1 a me ka hihia 2. No ka hihia 2, ua hana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo me ka hoʻohana ʻana i (methanol a me acetone ma ke ʻano he mau hōʻailona) e hoʻohālikelike i ka pono o ka hui ʻana o 60 ml Mott, kahi hui like A1 (50 µl kūloko) a me kahi hui hui like B1 (volume kūloko 35 µl). , maikaʻi ʻole ka hana me ka hoʻokomo ʻole ʻia o kahi huila, akā ua hoʻohana ʻia no ka loiloi kumu. ʻO ka 60 ml Mott mixer i hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka mea hui maikaʻi loa i ka hui hoʻāʻo, e hāʻawi ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana o 90% o ka hui ʻana. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi Mixer A1 hoʻohālikelike i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o 75% i ka maikaʻi o ka hui ʻana a ukali ʻia e ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o 45% i kahi hui B1 like. Ua hana ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo hōʻemi hawewe sinus maʻamau me ke kahe kahe ʻana ma ke ʻano o ka hui ʻana ma lalo o nā kūlana like me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka curve sine ma ka hihia 1, me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka kahe kahe. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻikepili ma ka laulā o nā kahe kahe mai ka 0.25 a i ka 1 ml / min, ʻo ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa mua ʻana o ka hawewe sine i mau ʻia no nā puʻupuʻu mixer ʻekolu. No nā hui hui liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻelua, aia kahi hoʻonui liʻiliʻi o ka sinusoidal contraction e like me ka emi ʻana o ke kahe kahe, ka mea i manaʻo ʻia ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka manawa noho o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe i loko o ka mea hui, e ʻae ai i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hui ʻana. Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui ka unuhi ʻana o ka hawewe sine i ka emi ʻana o ke kahe. Eia nō naʻe, no ka leo huila nui loa me ka attenuation base hawewe kiʻekiʻe loa, ʻaʻole i hoʻololi ʻia ka attenuation base wave sinus (i loko o ka laulā o ka maopopo ʻole o ka hoʻokolohua), me nā waiwai mai 95% a 98%. Laiki. 10. ʻO ka attenuation kumu o ka hawewe sinus ma ke kahe kahe ʻana ma ka hihia 1. Ua hana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ma lalo o nā kūlana like me ka hoʻāʻo sine me nā kahe kahe ʻokoʻa, e hoʻokomo i 80% o kahi hui 80/20 o ka acetonitrile a me ka wai a me 20% o 20 mM ammonium acetate.
ʻO ka laulā hou o nā mea hoʻohui static inline PerfectPeakTM i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ʻekolu mau puke i loko: 30 µl, 60 µl a me 90 µl uhi i ka leo a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā hana hana e pono ai no ka hapa nui o nā loiloi HPLC e koi ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hui ʻana a me nā papahele haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Hoʻokō ka mea huila static hou i kēia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana paʻi 3D hou e hana i kahi ʻano 3D kūʻokoʻa e hāʻawi ana i ka hoʻohuihui static hydrodynamic i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka walaʻau kumu no ka nui o ka hui o loko. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka 1/3 o ka leo kūloko o kahi hui hui maʻamau e hōʻemi i ka leo kumu ma 98%. ʻO ia mau mea hui pū ʻia nā kahawai kahe ʻekolu-dimensional me nā ʻāpana keʻa like ʻole a me nā lōʻihi ala like ʻole i ka wā e hele ai ka wai i nā pale geometric paʻakikī i loko. Hāʻawi ka ʻohana hou o nā mixer static i ka hana i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ma luna o nā mea hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū, akā me ka liʻiliʻi o ka leo kūloko, ka hopena i ka ratio hōʻailona-i-noise maikaʻi a me nā palena quantitation haʻahaʻa, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka piko, ka pono a me ka hoʻonā no ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe.
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