Insimbi engenasici ineempawu ezininzi ezenza ukuba zibe nomtsalane kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicelo, kodwa ezi zakhiwo ezifanayo zingenza kube nzima ukusebenza nazo. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ikrweleka ngokulula kwaye ingcoliswe, iyenze ithande ukubola. Okokugqibela kodwa kuncinci, kubiza kakhulu kune-carbon steel, ngoko ke umba weendleko zezinto eziphathekayo ugqithiswa xa iinxalenye zetsimbi ezingenasici ziveliswa.
Abathengi bakwanolindelo oluphezulu kumgangatho wesiphelo, bafuna ukugqitywa okuphantse kufane nesipili semathiriyeli eya kuthi ngokwendalo yayo iboniswe njengemveliso egqityiweyo. Mancinci amathuba okufihla impazamo ngokutyabeka okanye ngepeyinti.
Xa usebenza ngemibhobho yensimbi engenasici, ezi ngxaki zigqithiswa kwinqanaba elithile, ekubeni ukukhethwa kwezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nezisebenzayo zokulungiswa kwezinto ezilula ukugqiba kunqunyelwe.
Ngenxa yokumelana ne-corrosion, insimbi engenasici ifanelekile kwizicelo ezifuna ukukhanya kwendalo yentsimbi, njengamavili okuqhuba kunye neengalo. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-diameter yangaphandle yombhobho inokwahluka ukusuka kwiqabaka ukuya kwimbonakalo egudileyo, engenasiphako.
Oku kufuna isixhobo esifanelekileyo esidibaniswe ne-abrasive efanelekileyo. Amaxesha amaninzi umbuzo wokuqala esiwubuzayo kubathengi bethu loluphi utyalo-mali abazimisele ukulwenza ukuze baqinisekise ukuba bafumana umbhobho abawufunayo ukugqiba ngokukhawuleza nangokuqhubekayo. Kulabo bafuna ukugcina ukuhamba okuzinzileyo kwemiyalelo yokugqiba imibhobho, ukuzenzekelayo inkqubo nge-grinder engenaziko, i-cylindrical grinder, okanye olunye uhlobo lomatshini webhanti ngokuqinisekileyo unokwenza kube lula ukuhlenga iinxalenye ukuze ufezekise umphumo oyifunayo. Ukuzinza kwemveliso egqityiweyo kunokufezekiswa ukusuka kwinxalenye ukuya kwinxalenye.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho iinketho zezixhobo zezandla. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bombhobho, i-grinder yebhanti ingaba yindlela efanelekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba inxalenye yejometri ayitshintshi ngexesha lokugqiba. Ukusetyenziswa kwebhanti yebhanti kuvumela ukuba iphrofayili ye-tubular isebenze ngaphandle kokuyicoca. Amanye amabhanti aneepuli ezintathu zoqhagamshelwano, ezivumela ukuguquguquka okungakumbi malunga nombhobho. Iibhanti zifumaneka ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Iibhendi zefayile ziqala kwi-18″ ukuya kwi-24″, ngelixa i-King-Boa ifuna i-60″ ukuya kwi-90″ bands. Amabhanti angenaziko kunye ne-cylindrical anokuba yi-132 intshi ubude okanye ubude kwaye afikelele kwi-6 intshi ububanzi.
Ingxaki ngezixhobo zesandla kukuba ukufumana ukugqiba okulungileyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuninzi kunobugcisa kunesayensi. Abaqhubi abanamava banokufikelela kwiziphumo ezigqwesileyo ngobu buchule, kodwa kuthatha ukuziqhelanisa. Ngokubanzi, izantya eziphezulu zikhokelela kwimikrwelo ephucukileyo, ngelixa izantya ezisezantsi zikhokelela kwimikrwelo enzulu. Ukufumana ibhalansi yomsebenzi othile kuxhomekeke kumqhubi. Isantya sokuqala setape esicetyiswayo sixhomekeke kwindawo yokugqibela efunekayo.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuphepha ukusetyenziswa kwediski okanye i-grinders yezandla zalo naluphi na uhlobo lwemibhobho yokucubungula. Kunzima ukufumana ipateni oyifunayo ngezi zixhobo, kwaye ukuba utyhala kakhulu ukucofa, kunokuchaphazela ijometri kwaye wenze indawo ethe tyaba kumbhobho. Esandleni sokunene, ukuba injongo kukupolisha umphezulu wesibuko kunokuba ipateni yokukrwela, amanyathelo amaninzi entlabathi aya kusetyenziswa kwaye inyathelo lokugqibela liya kuba yintsimbi yokupholisha okanye intonga yokupholisha.
Ukukhethwa kwe-abrasive kufuna ukuqonda ngokucacileyo ukugqitywa kokugqibela. Ewe, oku kulula ukuthetha kunokukwenza. Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziselwa ukutshatisa iindawo kunye neemveliso esele zikhona. Nangona kunjalo, umthengisi we-abrasive wevenkile unokunceda ukumisela indlela engcono yokunciphisa kancinci kancinci isixa se-abrasive ukufikelela kwisiphumo esifunekayo.
Xa ugaya isinyithi esingenasici ukuya kumphezulu wokugqibela, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa inkqubo ye-abrasive stepwise. Ekuqaleni, ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuba onke amabala kunye nezibonda zisusiwe. Sifuna ukuqala ngeyona mveliso ilungileyo ukulungisa ezi ntsilelo; Okukhona umkrwelo unzulu, kokukhona kufuneka umsebenzi omninzi ukuwulungisa. Kwinyathelo ngalinye elilandelayo, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukususa imikrwelo kwi-abrasive yangaphambili. Ngaloo ndlela, ipateni yokukrala efanayo ifezekisiwe kwimveliso egqityiweyo.
Ngama-abrasives agqunywe ngokwesiko, kunokuba nzima ukutsiba amabanga e-abrasive ukuze ufumane isiphelo sematte esifanelekileyo kwintsimbi engenasici ngenxa yendlela i-abrasive ephuka ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iiteknoloji zikuvumela ukuba utsibe amanyathelo, afana ne-3M's Trizact abrasives, enxiba ngendlela yokuba i-abrasive "ihlaziywe" ngeenkozo ezintsha eziveziweyo njengoko zisetyenziswa. 3M
Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukugqiba iqondo loburhabaxa be-abrasive kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziphathekayo. Ukuba ufuna ukususa iziphene ezifana nesikali, izibonda okanye imikrwelo enzulu, kuya kufuneka usebenzise i-abrasive erhabaxa. Umzekelo, sihlala siqala ngebhanti yokuhambisa ye-3M 984F okanye i-947A. Sakuba sifudukele kumabhanti egrit angama-80, satshintshela kumabhanti akhethekileyo.
Xa usebenzisa i-abrasives edibeneyo yendabuko, qiniseka ukuba unciphisa ukulinganisa kwe-abrasive nganye ngaphandle kokuphoswa ngenxa yendlela i-abrasive ephuka ngayo ukuze ufumane ukugqitywa kwe-matte echanekileyo kwintsimbi engenasici. Emva kokuba i-abrasive idiliza, uxinzelelo olungakumbi luyafuneka ukufezekisa umphumo ofanayo njengoko amaminerali amnyama okanye asuswe kwi-abrasive. Iiminerali zeMatte okanye amandla aphezulu avelisa ubushushu. Ngenxa yokuba ukushisa kuyingxaki xa kugqitywa insimbi engenasici, kunokuchaphazela ukugqiba kunye "neblue" ebusweni.
Omnye umba onokuthi uvele ngezinye iibrasives ezinexabiso eliphantsi kukungaguquguquki kokugqiba kwazo izimbiwa. Kuya kuba nzima kumqhubi ongenamava ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-abrasive ifumana indawo efunekayo kwinqanaba ngalinye. Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukungahambelani, imikrwelo yasendle isenokubonakala isenokungaqatshelwa de kufike inqanaba lokupholisha.
Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iindlela zikuvumela ukuba utsibe amanyathelo. Umzekelo, i-3M ye-Trizact Abrasive isebenzisa umxube we-resin kunye ne-abrasive ukwenza isakhiwo se-pyramidal esihlaziya umphezulu we-abrasive kunye namasuntswana asanda kuvela njengoko i-abrasive inxiba. Le teknoloji iqinisekisa ukugqitywa okuhambelanayo kubo bonke ubomi bebhanti. Ngenxa yokuba ibakala ngalinye leteyiphu ye-Trizact ibonelela ngesiphelo esiqikelelwayo, siye sakwazi ukutsiba amabanga arhabaxa ekugqibeleni. Oku konga ixesha ngokunciphisa amanyathelo esanti kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza ngokutsha ngenxa yesanti engaphelelanga.
Isitshixo ekukhetheni i-abrasive kukugqiba indlela yokufumana isiphelo esifanelekileyo ngexesha elininzi kunye neendleko ezifanelekileyo.
Ekubeni insimbi engenasici yinto enzima, ukukhethwa kwe-abrasive kunye neemaminerali kubaluleke kakhulu. Xa usebenzisa i-abrasive engalunganga, ixesha elide licutshungulwa, ubushushu obuninzi buveliswa. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa uhlobo oluchanekileyo lweminerali kunye nokusebenzisa i-abrasive kunye ne-heat dissipative coating ukususa ubushushu kwindawo yokudibanisa xa usantiya.
Ukuba usebenzisa umatshini, ungasebenzisa inxalenye yokupholisa, ekwanceda ukususa inkunkuma, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imikrwelo yobutyobo ayonakalisi umphezulu. Qinisekisa ukusebenzisa isihluzo esichanekileyo ukuze inkunkuma ingaphinde ingene xa isisipholisi sijikeleziswa kumatshini.
Uninzi lwabantu lucinga ukuba yonke insimbi engenasici ibonakala ifana, kodwa xa kufikwa kumphezulu ogqityiweyo wenxalenye, iindidi ezimbini zeeminerali zinokuchaphazela inkangeleko yaloo nxalenye. Lo mbono uxhomekeke kumsebenzisi.
Umzekelo, i-silicon carbide yemveli ithanda ukushiya imikrwelo enzulu ebonisa ukukhanya ngokwahlukileyo kwaye iyenze ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Kwangaxeshanye, i-aluminiyam oxide yemveli ishiya imilo engqukuva ngakumbi ebonisa ukukhanya ngokwahlukileyo kwaye yenza izinto zibetyheli.
Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bombhobho, i-grinder yebhanti ingaba yindlela efanelekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba inxalenye yejometri ayitshintshi ngexesha lokugqiba. Ukusetyenziswa kwebhanti yebhanti kuvumela ukuba iphrofayili ye-tubular isebenze ngaphandle kokuyicoca. 3M
Ukwazi ukugqiba okufunekayo kwenxalenye kubalulekile kuba izicelo zihlala zifuna iinxalenye ezintsha ukutshatisa esele zikhona.
Insimbi engenasici yinto ebiza kakhulu, ngoko ke ukukhetha ngokucophelela izixhobo zokugqiba kubalulekile. Inkxaso efanelekileyo evela kubathengisi inokunceda iivenkile zifumane iindlela zokonga ixesha kunye nemali.
Gabi Miholix is ​​an Application Development Specialist in the Abrasive Systems Division of 3M Canada, 300 Tartan Dr., London, Ontario. N5V 4M9, gabimiholics@mmm.com, www.3mcanada.ca.
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