Intsimbi engagqwaliyo ineempawu ezininzi ezenza ukuba ibe nomtsalane kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo, kodwa ezi mpawu zinokwenza kube nzima ukuyisebenzisa. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ikrweleka kwaye ingcole lula, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe nokugqwala. Okokugqibela, ibiza kakhulu kunentsimbi yekhabhoni, ngoko ke ingxaki yexabiso lezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo iba mandundu xa kuveliswa iindawo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo.
Abathengi banethemba eliphezulu ngomgangatho wokugqitywa, befuna ukugqitywa okufana nesipili kwimpahla eza kubonakaliswa njengemveliso egqityiweyo ngokwemvelo. Amathuba ambalwa kakhulu okufihla impazamo ngokugquma okanye ngopende.
Xa usebenza ngemibhobho yentsimbi engagqwaliyo, ezi ngxaki ziba mandundu ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, kuba ukukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo nezisebenzayo zokucubungula izinto lula ukuya ekugqityweni kulinganiselwe.
Ngenxa yokumelana kwayo nokugqwala, intsimbi engagqwaliyo ifanelekile kwiisicelo ezifuna ukukhanya kwendalo kwesinyithi, njengezitishi zokuqhuba kunye neendawo zokubeka iingalo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ububanzi bangaphandle betyhubhu bunokwahluka ukusuka kwingqele ukuya kwinkangeleko egudileyo nengenasiphako.
Oku kufuna isixhobo esifanelekileyo kunye nesixhobo sokurhawuzelela esifanelekileyo. Rhoqo umbuzo wokuqala esiwubuzayo abathengi bethu kukuba loluphi utyalo-mali abazimisele ukulwenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba bafumana ukugqitywa kombhobho okufunekayo ngokukhawuleza nangokungaguquguqukiyo. Kwabo bafuna ukugcina ukuhamba okuzinzileyo kwemiyalelo yokugqiba umbhobho, ukwenza inkqubo ngokuzenzekelayo nge-grinder engenaziko, i-cylindrical grinder, okanye olunye uhlobo lomatshini webhanti ngokuqinisekileyo kunokwenza kube lula ukuhlela iindawo ukuze kufezekiswe isiphumo esifunekayo. Uzinzo lwemveliso egqityiweyo lunokufezekiswa ukusuka kwinxalenye ukuya kwenye.
Nangona kunjalo, kukwakho neendlela zokusebenzisa izixhobo zesandla. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bombhobho, i-grinder yebhanti ingaba yindlela esebenzayo yokuqinisekisa ukuba i-geometry yenxalenye ayitshintshi ngexesha lenkqubo yokugqiba. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-belt slack kuvumela iprofayili yetyhubhu ukuba isebenze ngaphandle kokuyithambisa. Amanye amabhanti anee-pulleys ezintathu zokunxibelelana, okuvumela ukuguquguquka okungakumbi kwityhubhu. Amabhanti afumaneka ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Iibhendi zefayile ziqala kwi-18″ ukuya kwi-24″, ngelixa iKing-Boa ifuna iibhendi ezingama-60″ ukuya kwi-90″. Iibhendi ezingenaziko kunye neziyi-cylindrical zingaba zii-intshi ezili-132 ubude okanye ngaphezulu kwaye zifikelele kwii-intshi ezi-6 ububanzi.
Ingxaki ngezixhobo zesandla kukuba ukufumana ukugqiba okufanelekileyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubugcisa kunokuba yisayensi. Abaqhubi abanamava banokufikelela ekugqityweni okugqwesileyo ngale ndlela, kodwa kufuna ukuziqhelanisa. Ngokubanzi, isantya esiphezulu sibangela imikrwelo emincinci, ngelixa isantya esiphantsi sibangela imikrwelo enzulu. Ukufumana ibhalansi yomsebenzi othile kuxhomekeke kumqhubi. Isantya sokuqala seteyiphu esicetyiswayo sixhomekeke kwindawo yokugqibela oyifunayo.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuphepha ukusebenzisa iidiski okanye iigrinder zesandla zalo naluphi na uhlobo ekucubunguleni imibhobho. Kunzima ukufumana ipateni oyifunayo ngezi zixhobo, kwaye ukuba ucinezela idayali kakhulu, inokuchaphazela ijiyometri kwaye idale indawo ethe tyaba kumbhobho. Kwisandla sasekunene, ukuba injongo kukupolisha umphezulu wesibuko endaweni yepateni yokukrwela, kuya kusetyenziswa amanyathelo amaninzi okusantisa kwaye inyathelo lokugqibela liya kuba yi-polish compound okanye i-polishing stick.
Ukukhetha i-abrasive kufuna ukuqonda okucacileyo ngesiphelo sokugqibela. Kakade ke, oku kulula ukukuthetha kunokukwenza. Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kudla ngokusetyenziswa ukufanisa iindawo neemveliso ezikhoyo. Nangona kunjalo, umthengisi we-abrasive evenkileni unokunceda ekumiseleni indlela engcono yokunciphisa kancinci kancinci inani le-abrasive ukuze kufezekiswe isiphumo esifunekayo.
Xa ucola intsimbi engagqwaliyo kumphezulu wokugqibela, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa inkqubo yokukrala elandelelanayo. Ekuqaleni, ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iziphene kunye nezimbobo ziyasuswa. Sifuna ukuqala ngemveliso engcono ukujongana nezi ntsilelo; okukhona ukukrwela kunzulu, kokukhona kufuneka umsebenzi omninzi ukuyilungisa. Kwinyathelo ngalinye elilandelayo, kufuneka kuthathwe ingqalelo ukususa imikrwelo kwi-abrasive yangaphambili. Ngaloo ndlela, ipateni yokukrwela efanayo ifumaneka kwimveliso egqityiweyo.
Ngezixhobo zokugquma ezigqumayo zemveli, kunokuba nzima ukutsiba amanqanaba e-abrasive ukuze ufumane isiphelo esifanelekileyo se-matte kwintsimbi engagqwaliyo ngenxa yendlela i-abrasive ewohloka ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iiteknoloji zikuvumela ukuba utsibe amanyathelo, afana ne-3M's Trizact abrasives, eziguga ngendlela yokuba i-abrasive "ihlaziywe" ngeenkozo ezintsha eziveziweyo njengoko zisetyenziswa. 3M
Kakade ke, ukumisela ubungakanani boburhabaxa bento erhabaxa kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ukuba ufuna ukususa iziphene ezifana nobukhulu, ukuqhekeka okanye imikrwelo enzulu, kuya kufuneka usebenzise into erhabaxa. Umzekelo, sidla ngokuqala ngebhanti yokuhambisa i-3M 984F okanye i-947A. Sakuba sitshintshele kwiibhanti ezingama-80 zegrit, satshintshela kwiibhanti ezikhethekileyo ngakumbi.
Xa usebenzisa ii-abrasives ezigqunywe ngemisonto yendabuko, qiniseka ukuba uyayinciphisa i-gradation ye-abrasives nganye ngaphandle kokuyiphosa ngenxa yendlela i-abrasives eqhekeka ngayo ukuze ifumane i-matte egqibeleleyo kwintsimbi engagqwaliyo. Nje ukuba i-abrasives iqhekeke, kufuneka uxinzelelo olungaphezulu ukuze kufunyanwe iziphumo ezifanayo nezo zeminerali ezimnyama okanye ezisuswayo kwi-abrasives. Iiminerali ezigqwaliyo okanye amandla aphezulu avelisa ubushushu. Ngenxa yokuba ubushushu buyingxaki xa kugqityezelwa intsimbi engagqwaliyo, bunokuchaphazela isiphelo kwaye bube "luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" kumphezulu.
Enye ingxaki enokuvela kwii-abrasives ezingabizi kakhulu kukungqinelana kweeminerali zazo zokugqiba. Kuya kuba nzima kumntu ongenamava ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-abrasives ifumana umphezulu ofunekayo kwinqanaba ngalinye. Ukuba kukho ukungangqinelani, imikrwelo engaqhelekanga inokuvela engabonakaliyo de kube kwinqanaba lokupholisha.
Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iindlela zikuvumela ukuba utsibe amanyathelo. Umzekelo, i-Trizact Abrasive ye-3M isebenzisa umxube we-resin kunye ne-abrasive ukwenza isakhiwo se-pyramidal esihlaziya umphezulu we-abrasive ngamasuntswana amatsha atyhilekileyo nangona i-abrasive iguga. Le teknoloji iqinisekisa ukugqitywa okulinganayo kulo lonke ubomi bebhanti. Ngenxa yokuba uhlobo ngalunye lweteyiphu ye-Trizact lubonelela ngokugqitywa okuqikelelweyo, sikwazile ukutsiba amanqanaba e-abrasive kwisiphelo sokugqibela. Oku kusindisa ixesha ngokunciphisa amanyathelo e-sanding kunye nokunciphisa ukuphinda usebenze ngenxa yokungagqitywanga kwe-sanding.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekukhetheni i-abrasive kukufumanisa indlela yokufumana ukugqiba okufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangendlela engabizi kakhulu.
Ekubeni intsimbi engagqwaliyo iyinto eqinileyo, ukukhetha i-abrasive kunye neeminerali kubaluleke kakhulu. Xa usebenzisa i-abrasive engalunganga, okukhona isetyenzwa ixesha elide, kokukhona ubushushu buyavela. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa uhlobo oluchanekileyo lweminerali kunye nokusebenzisa i-abrasive ene-heat dissipative coating ukususa ubushushu kwindawo yoqhagamshelwano xa uhlamba.
Ukuba usebenzisa umatshini, ungasebenzisa nesixhobo sokupholisa esincinci, esikwanceda ukususa inkunkuma, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imikrwelo yenkunkuma ayonakalisi umphezulu. Qiniseka ukuba usebenzisa isihluzo esifanelekileyo ukuze inkunkuma ingaphindi ingene xa isixhobo sokupholisa siphinda sijikeleziswa kumatshini.
Uninzi lwabantu lucinga ukuba zonke intsimbi engagqwaliyo zifana, kodwa xa kufikwa kumphezulu ogqityiweyo wenxalenye, iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zeeminerali zinokuchaphazela inkangeleko yaloo nxalenye. Olu luvo luxhomekeke kumsebenzisi.
Umzekelo, i-silicon carbide yendabuko idla ngokushiya imikrwelo enzulu ebonakalisa ukukhanya ngendlela eyahlukileyo kwaye iyenze ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Kwangaxeshanye, i-aluminium oxide yendabuko ishiya imo ejikelezileyo ebonakalisa ukukhanya ngendlela eyahlukileyo kwaye yenza ukuba izinto zibe mthubi.
Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bombhobho, i-grinder yebhanti inokuba yindlela esebenzayo yokuqinisekisa ukuba i-geometry yenxalenye ayitshintshi ngexesha lenkqubo yokugqiba. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-belt slack kuvumela iprofayili yetyhubhu ukuba isebenze ngaphandle kokuyithambisa. 3M
Ukwazi ukugqitywa kwenxalenye efunekayo kubalulekile kuba usetyenziso ludla ngokufuna iindawo ezintsha ukuze zihambelane nezo sele zikhona.
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo yinto ebiza kakhulu, ngoko ke ukukhetha ngononophelo izixhobo zokugqiba kubalulekile. Inkxaso efanelekileyo evela kubathengisi inokunceda iivenkile zifumane iindlela zokonga ixesha nemali.
Gabi Miholix is ​​an Application Development Specialist in the Abrasive Systems Division of 3M Canada, 300 Tartan Dr., London, Ontario. N5V 4M9, gabimiholics@mmm.com, www.3mcanada.ca.
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