Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chili ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zokopa pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, koma zinthu zomwezi zimatha kupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kugwira ntchito. Akagwiritsidwa ntchito, amakanda mosavuta komanso amadetsedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke. Pomaliza, ndi okwera mtengo kuposa chitsulo cha carbon, choncho nkhani yamtengo wapatali imakula pamene zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimapangidwa.
Makasitomala amakhalanso ndi ziyembekezo zazikulu za mtundu wa kumaliza, kumafuna kumalizidwa kokhala ngati galasi kwazinthu zomwe mwachilengedwe zake zidzawonetsedwa ngati chinthu chomalizidwa. Pali mwayi wochepa wobisala cholakwika ndi zokutira kapena utoto.
Pogwira ntchito ndi mipope yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, mavutowa amachulukirachulukira, popeza kusankha kwa zida zoyenera komanso zogwira mtima zopangira zinthu zosavuta kumaliza ndi zochepa.
Chifukwa cha kukana kwa dzimbiri, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi choyenera kwa ntchito zomwe zimafuna kuwala kwachilengedwe kwachitsulo, monga mawilo owongolera ndi zopumira. Izi zikutanthawuzanso kuti kunja kwake kwa chubu kumasiyana kuchokera kuchisanu kupita ku maonekedwe osalala, opanda cholakwika.
Izi zimafuna chida choyenera kuphatikiza ndi abrasive yoyenera. Nthawi zambiri funso loyamba lomwe timafunsa makasitomala athu ndi ndalama zomwe akufuna kupanga kuti atsimikizire kuti amaliza chitoliro chomwe akufuna mwachangu komanso mosasintha. Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kusunga malamulo omaliza a chitoliro chokhazikika, kupanga makinawo ndi chopukusira chopanda pakati, chopukusira cylindrical, kapena makina amtundu wina wa lamba zitha kupangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kukonza magawo kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna. Kukhazikika kwazinthu zomalizidwa kungathenso kupindula kuchokera ku gawo kupita ku gawo.
Komabe, palinso zosankha za zida zamanja. Malingana ndi kukula kwa chitoliro, chopukusira lamba chikhoza kukhala njira yabwino yowonetsetsa kuti gawo la geometry silinasinthe panthawi yomaliza. Kugwiritsa ntchito belt slack kumapangitsa kuti mbiri ya tubular igwire ntchito popanda kuphwanyidwa. Malamba ena amakhala ndi ma pulleys atatu olumikizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusinthasintha kwambiri kuzungulira chubu. Malamba amapezeka mosiyanasiyana. Mafayilo amayambira 18″ mpaka 24″, pomwe King-Boa imafuna 60″ mpaka 90″. Malamba opanda pakati ndi cylindrical amatha kukhala mainchesi 132 kutalika kapena kupitilira mpaka mainchesi 6 m'lifupi.
Vuto la zida zamanja ndikuti kupeza kumaliza koyenera mobwerezabwereza ndi luso kuposa sayansi. Ogwiritsa ntchito aluso amatha kumaliza bwino kwambiri ndi njirayi, koma pamafunika kuchita. Nthawi zambiri, kuthamanga kwambiri kumabweretsa zokanda bwino, pomwe kutsika kumabweretsa zokala zakuya. Kupeza malire a ntchito inayake kumadalira woyendetsa. The analimbikitsa tepi kuyamba liwiro zimadalira ankafuna mapeto mfundo.
Komabe, ndikofunikira kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito chimbale kapena chopukusira manja chamtundu uliwonse pokonza mapaipi. Ndikovuta kupeza chitsanzo chomwe mukufuna ndi zida izi, ndipo ngati mukukankhira kuyimba mwamphamvu kwambiri, zimatha kukhudza geometry ndikupanga malo athyathyathya pa chitoliro. M'dzanja lamanja, ngati cholinga chake ndi kupukuta galasi pamwamba kusiyana ndi ndondomeko yowonongeka, masitepe ambiri a mchenga adzagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo sitepe yotsiriza idzakhala yopukutira kapena ndodo yopukutira.
Kusankhidwa kwa abrasive kumafuna kumvetsetsa bwino komaliza komaliza. Inde, izi nzosavuta kunena kuposa kuchita. Kuyang'ana kowoneka nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kufananiza magawo ndi zinthu zomwe zilipo kale. Komabe, shopu abrasive supplier imatha kuthandizira kudziwa momwe mungachepetse pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa abrasive kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna.
Popera zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri mpaka kumapeto, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira yopumira pang'onopang'ono. Poyamba, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti madontho ndi madontho onse achotsedwa. Tikufuna kuyamba ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri kuti tithane ndi zofooka izi; m'pamenenso kukandako kumakhala kozama, m'pamenenso kumafunika kugwira ntchito yowonjezereka. Pa sitepe iliyonse yotsatira, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti muchotse zipsera pa abrasive yapitayi. Chifukwa chake, chojambula chofananira chimakwaniritsidwa pamankhwala omalizidwa.
Ndi zomatira zachikhalidwe zomatira, zimakhala zovuta kudumpha magiredi abrasive kuti mupeze kumaliza koyenera pazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri chifukwa cha kusweka kwake. Komabe, matekinoloje ena amakulolani kuti mudumphe masitepe, monga 3M's Trizact abrasives, omwe amavala m'njira yakuti abrasive "atsitsimutsidwe" ndi njere zatsopano zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito. 3M
Inde, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa roughness ya abrasive kumadalira zakuthupi. Ngati mukufuna kuchotsa zolakwika monga sikelo, madontho kapena zingwe zakuya, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito abrasive. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri timayamba ndi lamba wa 3M 984F kapena 947A. Titasamukira ku malamba 80 a grit, tinasintha kukhala malamba apadera kwambiri.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zomatira zachikhalidwe, onetsetsani kuti muchepetse kutsika kwa abrasive iliyonse popanda kuphonya chifukwa cha momwe ma abrasive amaphwanyira kuti apeze kumaliza koyenera pazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Pamene abrasive ikuphwanyidwa, kukakamizidwa kwambiri kumafunika kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira zomwezo monga mchere umadetsedwa kapena kuchotsedwa ku abrasive. Mchere wa matte kapena mphamvu zapamwamba zimatulutsa kutentha. Chifukwa kutentha ndi vuto pomaliza zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zimatha kukhudza mapeto ndi "buluu" pamwamba.
Nkhani ina yomwe ingabwere ndi ma abrasives otsika mtengo ndi kugwirizana kwa mchere wawo womaliza. Zidzakhala zovuta kwa wogwiritsa ntchito wosadziwa kuti atsimikizire kuti abrasive imapeza malo omwe akufunidwa pa sitepe iliyonse. Ngati pali kusagwirizana kulikonse, zokopa zakutchire zitha kuwoneka zomwe sizingawonekere mpaka siteji yopukutira.
Komabe, njira zina zimakulolani kuti mudumphe masitepe. Mwachitsanzo, 3M's Trizact Abrasive imagwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha utomoni ndi abrasive kupanga mawonekedwe a piramidi omwe amatsitsimutsa pamwamba pa abrasive ndi tinthu tatsopano tating'onoting'ono monga momwe abrasive amavalira. Tekinoloje iyi imatsimikizira kutha kokhazikika kwa moyo wonse wa lamba. Chifukwa giredi iliyonse ya tepi ya Trizact imakhala ndi mapeto odziwikiratu, tinatha kudumpha magiredi owopsa pomaliza. Izi zimapulumutsa nthawi mwa kuchepetsa masitepe a mchenga ndi kuchepetsa kukonzanso chifukwa cha mchenga wosakwanira.
Chofunikira pakusankha abrasive ndikuzindikira momwe mungamalizire bwino munthawi yabwino komanso yotsika mtengo.
Popeza chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chinthu cholimba, kusankha kwa abrasive ndi mchere ndikofunikira kwambiri. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito abrasive yolakwika, nthawi yayitali imakonzedwa, kutentha kumapangidwa. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wolondola wa mchere komanso kugwiritsa ntchito abrasive yokhala ndi zokutira zoziziritsa kutentha kuti muchotse kutentha kudera lolumikizana mukamapanga mchenga.
Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito makina, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito zoziziritsa kukhosi, zomwe zimathandizanso kuchotsa zinyalala, kuwonetsetsa kuti zinyalala sizikuwononga pamwamba. Onetsetsani kuti mwagwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yoyenera kuti zinyalala zisalowenso pamene choziziritsa chizizunguliridwanso mu makina.
Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti zitsulo zonse zosapanga dzimbiri zimawoneka zofanana, koma zikafika pamtunda womalizidwa wa gawo, mitundu iwiri ya mchere ingakhudze maonekedwe a gawolo. Mawonedwe awa amadalira ogwiritsa ntchito.
Mwachitsanzo, silicon carbide yachikhalidwe imakonda kusiya zing'onoting'ono zozama zomwe zimawunikira mosiyanasiyana ndikupangitsa kukhala buluu.
Nthawi yomweyo, aluminium oxide yachikhalidwe imasiya mawonekedwe ozungulira omwe amawunikira mosiyanasiyana ndikupanga zinthu kukhala zachikasu.
Malingana ndi kukula kwa chitoliro, chopukusira lamba chikhoza kukhala njira yabwino yowonetsetsa kuti gawo la geometry silinasinthe panthawi yomaliza. Kugwiritsa ntchito belt slack kumapangitsa kuti mbiri ya tubular igwire ntchito popanda kuphwanyidwa. 3M
Kudziwa kumaliza kofunikira kwa gawo ndikofunikira chifukwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimafunikira magawo atsopano kuti agwirizane ndi zomwe zilipo kale.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi zinthu zamtengo wapatali, choncho kusankha mosamala zida zomaliza ndizofunikira. Thandizo loyenera lochokera kwa ogulitsa lingathandize masitolo kupeza njira zopulumutsira nthawi ndi ndalama.
Gabi Miholix is ​​an Application Development Specialist in the Abrasive Systems Division of 3M Canada, 300 Tartan Dr., London, Ontario. N5V 4M9, gabimiholics@mmm.com, www.3mcanada.ca.
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