Abantu bakunze kugura ibyuma bitarangiye bitarangiritse, byiyongera kubintu bigoye abakoresha bagomba gutekereza.
Kimwe nibikoresho byinshi, ibyuma bidafite ingese bifite ibyiza byinshi nibibi.Icyuma gifatwa nk "ibyuma bidafite ingese" niba ibinyobwa birimo byibura chromium 10.5%, ikora oxyde ituma aside irwanya ruswa.Uku kurwanya ruswa kurashobora kurushaho kunozwa mukongera chromium no kongeramo andi mavuta.
Ibikoresho by '"ibyuma bidafite ingese", kubungabunga bike, kuramba hamwe no kurangiza hejuru yubutaka bituma bikwiranye ninganda nkubwubatsi, ibikoresho, ibiryo n'ibinyobwa, ubuvuzi nibindi byinshi bisaba imbaraga no kurwanya ruswa.
Ibyuma bitagira umwanda bikunda kuba bihenze kuruta ibindi byuma.Ariko, itanga imbaraga-z-uburemere mu kwemerera ibintu byoroshye kuruta amanota asanzwe, bishobora kuvamo kuzigama.Kubera igiciro cyacyo muri rusange, amaduka agomba kumenya neza ko akoresha ibikoresho byiza kugirango yirinde imyanda ihenze no gutunganya ibyo bikoresho.
Ibyuma bitagira umwanda mubisanzwe bifatwa nkugoye gusudira kuko bigabanya ubushyuhe vuba kandi bisaba ubwitonzi bukomeye mugihe cyo kurangiza no gusya.
Gukorana nicyuma kitagira umwanda mubisanzwe bisaba ubunararibonye cyangwa gusudira ubunararibonye kuruta gukorana nicyuma cya karubone, gikunda kuba gihamye.Ubugari bwayo burashobora kugabanuka mugutangiza ibipimo bimwe na bimwe, cyane cyane iyo gusudira.Bitewe nigiciro kinini cyibyuma bidafite ingese, birumvikana cyane kubakoresha ubunararibonye kubikoresha.
Umuyobozi mukuru w’ibicuruzwa, R&D International, Walter Surface Technologies, Pointe-Claire, Que, Jonathan Douville yagize ati: "Ubusanzwe abantu bagura ibyuma bitagira umwanda kubera ko birangiye." Umuyobozi mukuru w’ibicuruzwa, R&D International, Walter Surface Technologies, Pointe-Claire, Que, Jonathan Douville yagize ati: "Ubusanzwe abantu bagura ibyuma bitagira umwanda kubera ko birangiye." . Jonathan Douville, Umuyobozi mukuru w’ibicuruzwa, R&D International, Walter Surface Technologies, Pointe-Claire, Que, yagize ati: "Ubusanzwe abantu bagura ibyuma bitagira umwanda kugirango birangire."Umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe ubushakashatsi n’iterambere mpuzamahanga muri Walter Surface Technologies i Pointe Claire, muri Québec, Jonathan Douville agira ati: “Ubusanzwe abantu bagura ibyuma bitagira umwanda kugira ngo birangire.”Ati: “Ibi byiyongera ku mbogamizi abashoramari bagomba gutekereza.”
Yaba ubunini bwa 4 umurongo utwikiriye cyangwa ubunini bwa 8 indorerwamo irangiza, uyikoresha agomba kwemeza ko ibikoresho byoroheje kubintu kandi ko igifuniko kitangiritse mugihe cyo gutunganya no gutunganya.Irashobora kandi kugabanya uburyo bwo gutegura no gukora isuku, nibyingenzi kubyara umusaruro mwiza.
Rick Hathelt, Umuyobozi w'akarere ka PFERD muri Kanada, Ontario, Mississauga, Ontario yagize ati: "Iyo dukorana n'ibi bikoresho, ikintu cya mbere ugomba gukora ni ukureba niba cyongeye kugira isuku, gifite isuku kandi gifite isuku."Ati: "Ni ngombwa cyane kumenya neza ko ufite ikirere gisukuye (kitarimo karubone) mugihe cyoza ibyuma bitagira umwanda kugirango ukureho umwanda ushobora gutera okiside (ingese) kandi ukabuza igipimo cya passiwasi gukira ukoresheje urwego rukingira kugirango ugabanye okiside.”
Iyo ukoresheje ibyuma bitagira umwanda, ibikoresho nibidukikije bigomba gusukurwa.Kuraho amavuta n'ibisigazwa bya plastike mubikoresho ni intangiriro nziza.Umwanda ku byuma bitagira umwanda urashobora gutera okiside, ariko birashobora no guteza ibibazo mugihe cyo gusudira kandi bigatera inenge.Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa koza hejuru mbere yo kugurisha.
Ibidukikije byamahugurwa ntabwo buri gihe bisukuye kandi byanduye birashobora kuba ikibazo mugihe ukorana nicyuma kitagira umwanda na karubone.Akenshi iduka rikoresha abafana benshi cyangwa rikoresha ibyuma bifata ibyuma bikonjesha kugirango abakozi bakonje, bishobora gusunika umwanda hasi cyangwa bigatera gutonyanga cyangwa koroha kugirango byubake kubikoresho fatizo.Ibi biragoye cyane mugihe ibyuma bya karubone byajugunywe kumyuma idafite ingese.Gutandukanya ibyo bikoresho no kubibika ahantu hasukuye ni ngombwa mugihe cyo gusudira neza.
Ni ngombwa kuvanaho ibara kugirango ingese itiyubaka mugihe kandi igabanya imiterere rusange.Nibyiza kandi gukuraho bluing kugeza no hanze yibara ryubuso.
Muri Kanada, kubera ibihe by'ubukonje bukabije n'imbeho, ni ngombwa cyane guhitamo icyiciro gikwiye cy'ibyuma bitagira umwanda.Douville yasobanuye ko amaduka menshi yabanje guhitamo 304 kubera igiciro cyayo.Ariko niba iduka ryaba rikoresha ibyo bikoresho hanze, barasaba ko bahindura 316 nubwo bitwara kabiri.304 irashobora kwangirika iyo ikoreshejwe cyangwa ibitswe hanze.Nubwo ubuso bwaba bwarasukuwe hanyuma hagashyirwaho urwego rwa passivation, ibintu byo hanze birashobora gukora hejuru, bikangiza passivation hanyuma amaherezo bigatera ingese.
Gabi Miholix, inzobere mu guteza imbere porogaramu, ishami rya Abrasive Systems Division, 3M Kanada, London, Ontario, agira ati: “Gutegura gusudira ni ngombwa kubera impamvu nyinshi z’ibanze.“Kurandura ingese, irangi na beveri ni ngombwa mu gusudira neza.Ubuso bwo gusudira bugomba kuba butarimo umwanda ushobora guca intege ingingo. ”
Hatelt yongeraho ko gusukura ahantu ari ngombwa, ariko gutegura mbere yo gusudira bishobora no kubamo ibikoresho kugirango harebwe neza hamwe nimbaraga za weld.
Iyo gusudira ibyuma bidafite ingese, ni ngombwa guhitamo icyuma cyuzuza neza kugirango urwego rukoreshwa.Ibyuma bitagira umwanda biroroshye cyane kandi bisaba gusudira kwemezwa kubwoko bumwe bwibikoresho.Kurugero, ibyuma shingiro 316 bisaba ibyuma byuzuza 316. Abasudira ntibashobora gukoresha ubwoko bwicyuma cyuzuza gusa, buri cyiciro cyibyuma bitagira umwanda bisaba kuzuza neza gusudira neza.
Umuyobozi ushinzwe ibicuruzwa muri Norton, Michael Radaelli yagize ati: "Iyo gusudira ibyuma bitagira umwanda, gusudira agomba rwose guhanga amaso ubushyuhe."Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Worcester, Massachusetts.Ati: "Hariho ibikoresho byinshi bitandukanye bishobora gukoreshwa mu gupima ubushyuhe bwa weld ndetse n'igice uko umusuderi ashyuha, kuko iyo hagaragaye icyuma kigaragara mu cyuma kitagira umwanda, igice kirasenywa."
Radaelli yongeyeho ko gusudira agomba kwemeza ko ataguma ahantu hamwe igihe kirekire.Gusudira byinshi-ni inzira nziza yo gutuma substrate idashyuha.Kumara igihe kirekire gusudira ibyuma bidafite ingese birashobora gutuma bishyuha kandi bigacika.
Radaelli yagize ati: "Gusudira ibyuma bidafite ingese birashobora gufata igihe kirekire, ariko kandi ni ubuhanzi busaba amaboko y'ubuhanga."
Gutegura nyuma yo gusudira rwose bivana nibicuruzwa byarangiye nibisabwa.Rimwe na rimwe, Miholix yasobanuye ko gusudira bitigera bigaragara, bityo rero hakenewe isuku nkeya nyuma yo gusudira, kandi ikintu cyose kigaragara gikurwaho vuba.Cyangwa gusudira birashobora gukenerwa kuringanizwa cyangwa gusukurwa, ariko ntategurwa ryihariye risabwa.Niba birangiye neza cyangwa indorerwamo birangiye, hashobora gukenerwa izindi ntambwe zo gusya.Biterwa gusa na porogaramu.
Miholic yagize ati: "Ikibazo ntabwo ari ibara."“Uku guhindura ibara hejuru byerekana ko imiterere y'icyuma yahindutse kandi ishobora noneho okiside / ingese.”
Guhitamo igikoresho cyihuta cyo kurangiza bizigama umwanya namafaranga kandi bizemerera uwukoresha guhitamo kurangiza.
Ni ngombwa kuvanaho ibara kugirango ingese itiyubaka mugihe kandi igabanya imiterere rusange.Nibyiza kandi gukuraho bluing kugeza no hanze yibara ryubuso.
Igikorwa cyo gukora isuku kirashobora kwangiza isura, cyane cyane iyo ukoresheje imiti ikaze.Isuku itari yo irashobora gukumira ishyirwaho rya passivation.Niyo mpamvu abahanga benshi basaba koza intoki ibyo bice byo gusudira.
Douville yagize ati: "Hamwe nogusukura intoki, niba utemereye ogisijeni gukora hejuru yamasaha 24 cyangwa 48, ntuba ufite umwanya wo gukora ubuso bworoshye."Yasobanuye ko ubuso bukeneye ogisijeni kugira ngo ikore hamwe na chromium mu mavuta kugira ngo ikore passivation.Mu maduka amwe, biramenyerewe koza, gupakira ibice, no kubyohereza ako kanya, ibyo bigabanya umuvuduko kandi bikongera ibyago byo kwangirika.
Ababikora n'abasudira mubisanzwe bakoresha ibikoresho byinshi.Ariko, nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, gukoresha ibyuma bidafite ingese bitera imbogamizi.Gufata umwanya wo koza igice nintambwe yambere yambere, ariko nibyiza nkibidukikije birimo.
Hatelt yavuze ko akomeje kubona imirimo yanduye.Urufunguzo ni ugukuraho kuba karubone ikora ibyuma bidafite ingese.Ntibisanzwe ko amaduka akoresha ibyuma ahindura ibyuma bidafite ingese hatabanje gutegurwa neza aho bakorera ibi bikoresho.Iri ni ikosa, cyane cyane niba ridashobora gutandukanya ibikoresho byombi cyangwa kugura ibikoresho byabo bwite.
Radaelli yagize ati: "Niba ufite amashanyarazi yo gusya cyangwa gutegura ibyuma bitagira umwanda kandi ukabikoresha ku byuma bya karubone, ntushobora gukoresha ibyuma bitagira umwanda."“Amashanyarazi ubu yanduye karubone n'ingese.Niba ibishishwa byanduye, ntibishobora gusukurwa. ”
Hatelt yavuze ko amaduka agomba gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye mu gutegura ibikoresho, ariko agomba no gushyiramo ibikoresho "ibyuma bitagira umwanda gusa" kugirango yirinde kwanduza bitari ngombwa.
Amaduka agomba gutekereza kubintu byinshi muguhitamo ibikoresho byo gutegura gusudira ibyuma, harimo uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, ubwoko bwamabuye y'agaciro, umuvuduko, nubunini bwingano.
Miholix yagize ati: "Guhitamo ubushyuhe butwikiriye ubushyuhe ni intangiriro nziza."“Ibyuma bidafite ingese birakomeye kandi bitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi iyo bisya kuruta ibyuma byoroheje.Ubushyuhe bugomba kujya ahantu runaka, nuko hariho igifuniko cyemerera ubushyuhe gutembera kumpera ya disiki, aho kuguma neza aho usya.icyo gihe byari bitunganye ”.
Yongeyeho ko guhitamo gukuraho biterwa no kurangiza muri rusange bigomba kumera.Mubyukuri biri mumaso yabireba.Amabuye y'agaciro ya Alumina muri abrasives ni ubwoko busanzwe bukoreshwa murwego rwo kurangiza.Kugirango ibyuma bitagira umwanda bisa n'ubururu hejuru, karbide ya minisiteri ya silicon igomba gukoreshwa.Birakaze kandi bigasiga ibice byimbitse byerekana urumuri ukundi, bigatuma ubururu.Niba umukoresha ashakisha ubuso bwihariye cyangwa budasanzwe kurangiza, nibyiza kuvugana nuwabitanze.
Hatelt yagize ati: "RPM ni ikibazo gikomeye."“Ibikoresho bitandukanye bisaba RPM zitandukanye kandi akenshi birihuta cyane.Gukoresha RPM ikwiye itanga ibisubizo byiza bishoboka, haba muburyo bwihuse akazi gakorwa ndetse nubuziranenge.Shakisha icyarangiye ushaka n'uburyo bwo kubipima. ”
Douville yongeyeho ko gushora imari mu bikoresho byihuta byo kurangiza ari inzira imwe yo gukemura ibibazo byihuta.Abakoresha benshi bagerageza gusya bisanzwe kugirango barangize, ariko bifite umuvuduko mwinshi wo gukata.Kurangiza inzira bisaba gutinda.Guhitamo igikoresho cyihuta cyo kurangiza bizigama umwanya namafaranga kandi bizemerera uwukoresha guhitamo kurangiza.
Grit nayo ni ngombwa muguhitamo abrasive.Umukoresha agomba gutangirana na grit nziza kubisabwa.
Uhereye kuri 60 cyangwa 80 grit (hagati), uyikoresha arashobora gusimbuka kuri grit 120 (nziza) na 220 grit (nziza cyane) hafi ako kanya, agaha ibyuma bitagira umwanda umwanya wa 4 kurangiza.
Radaelli yagize ati: "Birashobora kuba bike nk'intambwe eshatu."Ati: "Icyakora, niba umukoresha akora ibijyanye no gusudira binini, ntashobora gutangirana na grit 60 cyangwa 80 kandi ashobora guhitamo grit ya 24 (yuzuye) cyangwa 36 (coarse).Ibi byongeyeho intambwe yinyongera kandi birashobora kugorana.kura ibishushanyo byimbitse biri muri ibyo bikoresho. ”
Douville avuga kandi ko kongera imiti igabanya ubukana cyangwa gel bishobora kuba inshuti magara yo gusudira, ariko akenshi birengagizwa iyo gusudira ibyuma bitagira umwanda.Ibice bitatanye bigomba kuvaho, bishobora gushushanya hejuru, bisaba intambwe zumucanga kandi bigatwara igihe kinini.Iyi ntambwe irashobora kuvaho byoroshye hamwe na sisitemu yo kurinda.
Lindsay Luminoso, umwanditsi wungirije, agira uruhare muri Metalworking yo muri Kanada ndetse no muri Kanada Gukora & Welding. Lindsay Luminoso, umwanditsi wungirije, agira uruhare muri Metalworking yo muri Kanada ndetse no muri Kanada Gukora & Welding. Л. Lindsey Luminoso, Umwanditsi wungirije, agira uruhare muri Metalworking yo muri Kanada ndetse no muri Kanada Gukora & Welding.Lindsey Luminoso, Umwanditsi wungirije, agira uruhare mu gukora ibyuma byo muri Kanada no guhimba no gusudira muri Kanada.Yabaye umwanditsi mukuru / Umuyobozi wurubuga muri Metal Fabrication Canada kuva 2014 kugeza 2016 kandi aherutse kuba umwanditsi wungirije mubushushanyo.
Luminoso afite impamyabumenyi ihanitse y’ubuhanzi yakuye muri kaminuza ya Carleton, impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza yakuye muri kaminuza ya Ottawa, n’impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu bitabo, ibinyamakuru, ndetse na Digital Publishing yo muri Centennial College.
Komeza ugendane namakuru agezweho, ibyabaye na tekinoloji mu byuma byose uhereye mu binyamakuru byacu bibiri bya buri kwezi byanditswe gusa kubakora muri Kanada!
Noneho hamwe nuburyo bwuzuye bwo muri Kanada Metalworking digital Edition, byoroshye kubona umutungo winganda zingirakamaro.
Noneho hamwe nuburyo bwuzuye bwa digitale kuri Made in Canada na Weld, ufite uburyo bworoshye bwo kubona ibikoresho byinganda.
Kumenyekanisha uburyo bwiza bwo gutera.Kumenyekanisha ibyiza bya 3M siyanse muri imwe mu mbunda zifite ubwenge, zoroheje ku isi.