Abantu bakunze kugura ibyuma bitarangirika byakozwe mbere, ibyo bikaba byongera imiterere y'ibikoresho ababikora bagomba kuzirikana.
Kimwe n'ibindi bikoresho byinshi, icyuma kidashonga gifite ibyiza n'ibibi byinshi. Icyuma gifatwa nk'"icyuma kidashonga" iyo icyo cyuma kirimo nibura 10.5% bya chromium, gikora urwego rwa okiside bigatuma kirwanya aside na corruption. Uku kudashonga gushobora kunozwa kurushaho binyuze mu kongera chromium no kongeramo izindi alloying.
Imiterere y'ibikoresho bya "stainless steel", kudakorerwa isuku cyane, kuramba no gutunganya ubuso butandukanye bituma ikoreshwa mu nganda nk'ubwubatsi, ibikoresho byo mu nzu, ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa, ubuvuzi n'ibindi byinshi bisaba imbaraga n'ubudahangarwa bw'icyuma.
Ibyuma bitanduye bikunze kuba bihenze kurusha ibindi byuma. Ariko, bitanga inyungu zikomeye ku buremere kuko byemerera ibikoresho bito cyane kurusha ibisanzwe, bishobora gutuma bigabanya amafaranga. Kubera ikiguzi cyabyo muri rusange, amaduka agomba kugenzura neza ko akoresha ibikoresho bikwiye kugira ngo hirindwe imyanda ihenze no kongera gukoresha ibi bikoresho.
Ibyuma bitaza umutako muri rusange bifatwa nk'ibigoye gusudira kuko bikuraho ubushyuhe vuba kandi bigasaba kwitonda cyane mu gihe cyo kurangiza no gusiga irangi.
Gukorana n'ibyuma bitagira umugese akenshi bisaba umuntu ufite uburambe mu gusudira cyangwa gukoresha ibyuma bitagira umugese kurusha gukorana n'ibyuma bitagira umugese bya karuboni, ibyo bikaba bikunze kuba bihamye. Ubugari bwabyo bushobora kugabanuka hakoreshejwe uburyo bumwe na bumwe, cyane cyane iyo bisudira. Bitewe n'igiciro kinini cy'ibyuma bitagira umugese, birakwiye ko ababikora bafite uburambe babikoresha.
“Abantu bakunze kugura ibyuma bitagira umugese kubera uburyo bikozwemo,” ibi byavuzwe na Jonathan Douville, umuyobozi mukuru w’ibicuruzwa, R&D International, Walter Surface Technologies, Pointe-Claire, Que. “Abantu bakunze kugura ibyuma bitagira umugese kubera uburyo bikozwemo,” ibi byavuzwe na Jonathan Douville, umuyobozi mukuru w’ibicuruzwa, R&D International, Walter Surface Technologies, Pointe-Claire, Que. . “Abantu bakunze kugura ibyuma bitagira umugese kugira ngo bikorwe neza,” ibi byavuzwe na Jonathan Douville, Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ibicuruzwa, R&D International, Walter Surface Technologies, Pointe-Claire, Que.Jonathan Douville, umuyobozi mukuru w’ubushakashatsi mpuzamahanga n’iterambere muri Walter Surface Technologies i Pointe Claire, muri Quebec, agira ati: “Abantu bakunze kugura ibyuma bitarangwamo ifumbire kugira ngo bikorwe neza.” “Ibi byongera imbogamizi ababikora bagomba kuzirikana.”
Byaba ari irangi rya 4 linear texture cyangwa irangi rya 8 mirror, umukozi agomba kugenzura ko ibikoresho biri ku gikoresho byoroshye kandi ko irangi ritangiritse mu gihe cyo kubitunganya no kubitunganya. Bishobora kandi kugabanya uburyo bwo kubitegura no kubisukura, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi cyane mu gukora ibice byiza.
“Mu gihe ukoresha ibi bikoresho, ikintu cya mbere ugomba gukora ni ukumenya neza ko bisukuye, bisukuye kandi byongeye kuba byiza,” ibi byavuzwe na Rick Hathelt, Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka PFERD muri Kanada, Ontario, Mississauga, Ontario. “Ni ngombwa cyane kumenya neza ko ufite ikirere gisukuye (kidafite karuboni) mu gihe usukura icyuma kitagira umukungugu kugira ngo ukureho imyanda ishobora gutera ogisijeni (ingufu) no kubuza urwego rw’ingufu kugaruka binyuze mu gukora urwego rurinda kugira ngo ugabanye ogisijeni.”
Mu gihe ukoresha icyuma kitagira umushongi, ibikoresho n'ibidukikije bigomba gusukurwa. Gukuraho amavuta n'ibisigazwa bya pulasitiki mu bikoresho ni intangiriro nziza. Imyanda iri ku cyuma kitagira umushongi ishobora gutera ogisijeni, ariko ishobora no guteza ibibazo mu gihe cyo gusudira no guteza inenge. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gusukura ubuso mbere yo gusora.
Ahantu ho gukorera siho hahora hasukuye cyane kandi kwanduzanya bishobora kuba ikibazo iyo ukoresheje ibyuma bitangiza amashanyarazi na karuboni. Akenshi iduka rikoresha amafeni menshi cyangwa rigakoresha ibyuma bikonjesha kugira ngo bikonjeshe abakozi, bishobora gusunika imyanda hasi cyangwa bigatera amazi cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi ku bikoresho fatizo. Ibi biragoye cyane cyane iyo uduce tw’ibyuma bitangiza amashanyarazi duhuhwa n’ibyuma bitangiza amashanyarazi. Gutandukanya ibi bikoresho no kubibika ahantu hasukuye ni ngombwa iyo bigeze ku gusudira neza.
Ni ngombwa gukuraho ibara rihinduka kugira ngo ingese zitazashira uko igihe kigenda gihita kandi zigatuma imiterere rusange igabanuka. Ni byiza kandi gukuraho ubururu kugira ngo ibara ry'ubuso ribe ringana.
Muri Kanada, bitewe n'ubukonje bukabije n'ikirere cy'itumba, ni ngombwa cyane guhitamo icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gishyushye gikwiye. Douville yasobanuye ko amaduka menshi yabanje guhitamo 304 bitewe n'igiciro cyayo. Ariko niba iduka rikoresha ibi bikoresho hanze, basaba ko wahindura ukajya kuri 316 nubwo igura kabiri. 304 ishobora kwangirika iyo ikoreshejwe cyangwa ibitswe hanze. Nubwo ubuso bwasukuwe hagashyirwaho urwego rwo gufunga, imiterere yo hanze ishobora gukora ku buso, igasenya urwego rwo gufunga ndetse amaherezo ikongera gutera ingese.
“Gutegura gusudira ni ingenzi kubera impamvu nyinshi z’ibanze,” ibi ni ibyavuzwe na Gabi Miholix, Impuguke mu iterambere ry’ibikoresho byo gusudira, Ishami rya Abrasive Systems, 3M Kanada, London, Ontario. “Gukuraho ingese, irangi n’imigozi ni ingenzi kugira ngo umuntu asudishe neza. Ahantu ho gusudira hagomba kuba hatarimo ibintu bishobora gutuma ingingo icika intege.”
Hatelt yongeraho ko gusukura aho hantu ari ngombwa, ariko gutegura mbere yo gusudira bishobora no kuba birimo gukata ibikoresho kugira ngo harebwe ko isudira ifata neza kandi ikagira imbaraga.
Mu gusudira ibyuma bitagira umugese, ni ngombwa guhitamo icyuma gikwiye cyo gusudira gikoreshwa. Icyuma kitagira umugese ni cyo cyoroshye cyane kandi gisaba ko ibikoresho byo gusudira byemezwa ko bifite ubwoko bumwe bw'ibikoresho. Urugero, icyuma cyo hasi 316 gisaba icyuma cyo gusudira 316. Abasudira ntibashobora gukoresha ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bw'icyuma cyo gusudira, buri cyiciro cy'icyuma kitagira umugese gisaba icyuma cyihariye cyo gusudira neza.
“Mu gihe cyo gusudira ibyuma bitagira umugese, umusudi agomba kugenzura ubushyuhe,” ibi byavuzwe na Michael Radaelli, umuyobozi w’ibicuruzwa bya Norton | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Worcester, muri Massachusetts. “Hari ibikoresho byinshi bitandukanye bishobora gukoreshwa mu gupima ubushyuhe bw’icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma n’igice mu gihe icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gishyuha, kuko iyo hagaragaye ahantu hacitse mu cyuma gikozwe mu cyuma, igice kirangirika cyane.”
Radaelli yongeyeho ko umusudizi agomba kugenzura ko adahora ahantu hamwe igihe kirekire. Gusudira mu buryo bwa "multi-layer" ni uburyo bwiza bwo kurinda substrate gushyuha cyane. Gusudira icyuma kidashyuha cyane igihe kirekire bishobora gutuma gishyuha cyane kandi kigacika.
Radaelli yagize ati: “Gusudira ibyuma bitagira umugese bishobora gufata igihe kirekire, ariko nanone ni ubuhanzi busaba amaboko y’abahanga.”
Gutegura nyuma yo gusudira biterwa n'umusaruro wa nyuma n'ikoreshwa ryawo. Miholix yasobanuye ko mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, gusudira ntibijya bigaragara, bityo hakenewe gusukurwa gato nyuma yo gusudira, kandi ikintu cyose kigaragara gikurwaho vuba. Cyangwa gusudira bishobora gukenera gukurwaho cyangwa gusukurwa, ariko nta gutegura ubuso bwihariye bikenewe. Niba hakenewe kurangiza neza cyangwa indorerwamo, hashobora kuba hakenewe intambwe zigezweho zo gusukura. Biterwa gusa n'ikoreshwa.
Miholic yagize ati: “Ikibazo si ibara. Uku guhinduka kw'ibara ry'ubuso bigaragaza ko imiterere y'icyuma yahindutse kandi ubu ishobora kuba yangiritse/ishwagara.”
Guhitamo igikoresho cyo kurangiza gihindura umuvuduko bizagabanya igihe n'amafaranga kandi bitume umukozi ashobora guhindura uburyo bwo kurangiza.
Ni ngombwa gukuraho ibara rihinduka kugira ngo ingese zitazashira uko igihe kigenda gihita kandi zigatuma imiterere rusange igabanuka. Ni byiza kandi gukuraho ubururu kugira ngo ibara ry'ubuso ribe ringana.
Gusukura bishobora kwangiza ubuso, cyane cyane iyo hakoreshejwe imiti ikaze. Gusukura nabi bishobora gukumira ikorwa ry'urukuta rudakoresha ingufu nyinshi. Niyo mpamvu abahanga benshi basaba ko ibyo bice by'isukura bisukurwa n'intoki.
Douville yagize ati: “Mu gusukura intoki, niba utemereye ogisijeni gukorana n’ubuso mu gihe cy’amasaha 24 cyangwa 48, ntuba ufite umwanya wo gukora ubuso butagira aho bubogamiye.” Yasobanuye ko ubuso bukenera ogisijeni kugira ngo bukore urwego rwo gukorana na chromium iri mu ruganda kugira ngo bukore urwego rwo gukora ibintu bidakoresha umwuka. Mu maduka amwe n’amwe, ni ibisanzwe gusukura, gupakira ibice, no kubyohereza ako kanya, ibi bigabanya umuvuduko w’ibikorwa kandi byongera ibyago byo kwangirika.
Abakora ibikoresho n'abasudira ubusanzwe bakoresha ibikoresho byinshi. Ariko, nk'uko byavuzwe mbere, gukoresha ibyuma bitagira umugese bitanga imbogamizi zimwe na zimwe. Gufata umwanya wo gusukura igice ni intambwe nziza ya mbere, ariko ni byiza gusa bitewe n'ibidukikije kirimo.
Hatelt yavuze ko akomeje kubona akazi kanduye. Icy'ingenzi ni ukugabanya karuboni mu kazi k'ibyuma bitagira umugese. Ni ibisanzwe ko amaduka akoresha ibyuma ahindura ibyuma bitagira umugese adateguye neza aho akorera ibi bikoresho. Iri ni ikosa, cyane cyane iyo adashobora gutandukanya ibikoresho byombi cyangwa kugura ibikoresho bye bwite.
Radaelli yagize ati: “Niba ufite brush y'insinga yo gusya cyangwa gutegura ibyuma bitagira umugese kandi ukayikoresha ku byuma bitagira umugese, ntushobora kongera gukoresha ibyuma bitagira umugese. Ubu brush zandujwe na karubone n'ingese. Iyo brush zandujwe n'ibindi, ntizishobora gusukurwa.”
Hatelt yavuze ko amaduka agomba gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye mu gutegura ibikoresho, ariko agomba no kwandika ibikoresho ku "icyuma kidasaza gusa" kugira ngo hirindwe kwanduzwa bitari ngombwa.
Amaduka agomba kuzirikana ibintu byinshi mu gihe ahitamo ibikoresho byo gusudira ibyuma bitagira umugese, harimo uburyo bwo gusohora ubushyuhe, ubwoko bw'amabuye y'agaciro, umuvuduko, n'ingano y'ingano.
Miholix yagize ati: “Guhitamo imashini igabanya ubushyuhe ni intangiriro nziza. Ibyuma bitagira umugese birakomeye cyane kandi bitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi iyo bisya kurusha icyuma cyoroheje. Ubushyuhe bugomba kujya ahantu runaka, bityo hari imashini ituma ubushyuhe bugera ku nkengero za disiki, aho kuguma aho usya neza. Icyo gihe byari byiza cyane”.
Akomeza avuga ko guhitamo irangi rishobora gutera kandi bitewe n'uko irangi rusange rigomba kumera. Mu by'ukuri riba mu maso y'umuntu ureba. Imyunyungugu ya alumina mu irangi ni yo ikoreshwa cyane mu kurangiza. Kugira ngo icyuma kitagira umuhengeri gisa n'ubururu ku buso, hagomba gukoreshwa icyuma cya silikoni carbide. Girakomeye kandi gisiga uduce twinshi dutanga urumuri mu buryo butandukanye, bigatuma kiba ubururu. Niba umukoresha ashaka irangi ryihariye cyangwa ridasanzwe, ni byiza kuvugana n'umucuruzi.
“RPM ni ikibazo gikomeye,” Hatelt yagize ati. “Ibikoresho bitandukanye bisaba RPM zitandukanye kandi akenshi zikora vuba cyane. Gukoresha RPM ikwiye bitanga umusaruro mwiza ushoboka, haba mu buryo akazi gakorwamo vuba ndetse no mu rwego rw’ubwiza. Shaka irangi wifuza n’uko wabipima.”
Douville yongeyeho ko gushora imari mu bikoresho byo kurangiza umuvuduko uhindagurika ari bumwe mu buryo bwo gukemura ibibazo by'umuvuduko. Abakora ibikoresho byinshi bagerageza icyuma gisya gisanzwe kugira ngo kirangize, ariko gifite umuvuduko mwinshi wo gukata gusa. Kurangiza igikorwa bisaba kugabanya umuvuduko. Guhitamo igikoresho cyo kurangiza umuvuduko uhindagurika bizazigama umwanya n'amafaranga kandi bitume umukozi ashobora guhindura irangi.
Uduce duto cyane na two ni ingenzi mu guhitamo icyuma gitera imbaraga. Ukoresha icyuma agomba gutangirana n'icyuma cyiza cyo gukoresha.
Guhera ku gipimo cya 60 cyangwa 80 (kiri hagati), umukozi ashobora gusimbuka kugeza ku gipimo cya 120 (kiri hasi) na 220 (kiri hasi cyane) ako kanya, bigatuma icyuma kitagira umugese kiza ku mwanya wa 4.
Radaelli yagize ati: “Bishobora kuba intambwe eshatu gusa. Ariko, niba umukoresha akorana n’ibikoresho binini byo gusudira, ntashobora gutangirana n’icyuma cya 60 cyangwa 80 kandi ashobora guhitamo icyuma cya 24 (gikomeye cyane) cyangwa 36 (gikomeye). Ibi byongera intambwe y’inyongera kandi bishobora kugorana. gukuraho iminkanyari yimbitse mu bikoresho.”
Nanone, kongeramo spray cyangwa gel irwanya imirasire bishobora kuba inshuti magara y'umusudi, ariko akenshi iyo usudisha ibyuma bitagira imirasire, Douville avuga ko bikunze kwirengagizwa. Ibice byasuditse bigomba gukurwaho, bishobora gukurura hejuru, bigasaba intambwe z'inyongera zo gusya no gufata igihe kinini. Iyi ntambwe ishobora gukurwaho byoroshye hakoreshejwe sisitemu yo kurinda imirasire.
Lindsay Luminoso, umwanditsi mukuru wungirije, atanga umusanzu mu bucuruzi bw'ibyuma bwa Kanada ndetse no mu bucuruzi bwa Kanada n'ubusudizi. Lindsay Luminoso, umwanditsi mukuru wungirije, atanga umusanzu mu bucuruzi bw'ibyuma bwa Kanada ndetse no mu bucuruzi bwa Kanada n'ubusudizi. Л. Lindsey Luminoso, umwanditsi mukuru wungirije, atanga umusanzu mu bucuruzi bw'ibyuma bwa Kanada ndetse no mu bucuruzi n'ubusudizi bya Kanada.Lindsey Luminoso, Umuyobozi Mukuru, atanga umusanzu muri Metal Fabrication Canada na Fabrication and Welding Canada. Yabaye Umuyobozi Mukuru Mukuru / Umwanditsi Mukuru wa Web muri Metal Fabrication Canada kuva mu 2014 kugeza 2016, akaba aherutse no kuba Umuyobozi Mukuru Mukuru mu Ishami ry’Ubugeni.
Luminoso afite impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu bugeni yakuye muri Kaminuza ya Carleton, impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu burezi yakuye muri Kaminuza ya Ottawa, n’impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza mu bitabo, ibinyamakuru, no gutangaza ibitabo mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga yakuye muri Kaminuza ya Centennial.
Komeza umenye amakuru agezweho, ibikorwa n'ikoranabuhanga bigezweho mu byuma byose bivuye mu nkuru zacu ebyiri za buri kwezi zanditswe gusa ku nganda zo muri Kanada!
Ubu hamwe n'uburyo bwose bwo kubona igitabo cy'ikoranabuhanga cya Kanada gishinzwe gukora ibyuma, byoroshye kubona ibikoresho by'agaciro by'inganda.
Ubu ufite uburenganzira bwose bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya Made in Canada na Weld, ushobora kubona byoroshye ibikoresho by'agaciro by'inganda.
Tumenyekanisha uburyo bwiza bwo gutera imbunda. Tumenyekanisha ubuhanga bwiza bwa 3M muri imwe mu mbunda zoroheje kandi zigezweho ku isi.