Lena yimibono eyinhloko eqhuba amagumbi ethu ezindaba—echaza izihloko ezibaluleke kakhulu emnothweni womhlaba.
Ama-imeyili ethu angena ebhokisini lakho lokungenayo njalo ekuseni, ntambama kanye nangempelasonto.
Amanani ensimbi akhuphuke unyaka wonke; ikusasa lethani elilodwa le-hot-rolled coil lalicishe libe ngu-$1,923, lisuka ku-$615 ngoSepthemba odlule, ngokusho kwenkomba. Okwamanje, intengo yensimbi, ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yebhizinisi lensimbi, yehle ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-40 kusukela maphakathi noJulayi. Isidingo sensimbi siyakhula, kodwa isidingo sensimbi siyawa.
Kunezici eziningana ezibe nomthelela entengo ephezulu yesikhathi esizayo sensimbi, okuhlanganisa intela ebekwe uhulumeni kaTrump ensimbini engeniswa kwamanye amazwe kanye nesidingo esinciphile ekukhiqizeni ngemuva kobhubhane. Kodwa iShayina, ekhiqiza u-57% wensimbi emhlabeni, nayo ihlela ukunciphisa umkhiqizo kulo nyaka, okuzoba nomthelela ezimakethe zensimbi kanye ne-iron ore.
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukungcola, iShayina yehlisa imboni yayo yensimbi, ebanga amaphesenti ayi-10 kuya kwangama-20 okukhishwa kwekhabhoni ezweni. (Izincibilikisi ze-aluminium zezwe zibhekene nemikhawulo efanayo.) IShayina iphinde yandisa amanani okuthumela kwamanye amazwe ahlobene nensimbi; isibonelo, kusukela mhla lu-1 kuNcwaba, amanani entengo ku-ferrochromium, ingxenye yensimbi engagqwali, aphindwe kabili kusuka ku-20% kuya ku-40%.
“Silindele ukwehla kwesikhathi eside kokukhiqizwa kwensimbi eluhlaza eShayina,” kusho uSteve Xi, umeluleki omkhulu enkampanini yocwaningo iWood Mackenzie. “Njengomkhakha ongcolisa kakhulu, imboni yensimbi izohlala igxile emizamweni yokuvikela imvelo yaseShayina eminyakeni embalwa ezayo.”
UXi ukhombe ukuthi ukunciphisa umkhiqizo kuholele ekwehleni kokusetshenziswa kwensimbi. Ezinye izimboni zensimbi zaze zalahla ezinye zezinqwaba zensimbi yazo, okwabangela ukukhathazeka emakethe, esho. “Ukwesaba kwasakazekela kubahwebi, okwaholela ekuweni esikubonile.”
Izinkampani zezimayini nazo ziyazivumelanisa nemigomo emisha yokukhiqiza yaseShayina.”Njengoba inhlangano ephezulu yezimboni yaseShayina iqinisekisile ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, amathuba akhulayo okuthi iShayina izonciphisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engxenyeni yamanje yonyaka ahlola ukuzimisela okukhulu kwemakethe yesikhathi esizayo,” kusho iphini likamongameli e-BHP Billiton. Lesi sikhulu sezimayini, sibhale embikweni wasekupheleni kuka-Agasti mayelana nombono waso ka-2021.
Ukucindezela kweShayina ekuhlinzekeni ngensimbi emhlabeni wonke kusikisela ukuthi ukushoda kwemikhiqizo eminingi kuzoqhubeka kuze kube yilapho ukunikezwa kanye nesidingo sangemva kobhubhane kuzinzile. Isibonelo, izinkampani zezimoto sezivele zibhekene nokuncipha kwempahla ye-semiconductor chip; insimbi manje nayo iyingxenye "yenkinga entsha" ezintweni zokusetshenziswa, kusho umphathi weFord etshela i-CNBC.
Ngo-2019, i-US yakhiqiza amathani ayizigidi ezingu-87.8 ensimbi, okungaphansi kwengxenye eyodwa kweziyishumi zamathani ayizigidi ezingu-995.4 aseShayina, ngokusho kwenhlangano ye-worldsteel. Ngakho-ke nakuba abenzi bensimbi base-US manje bekhiqiza insimbi eningi kunaleyo abebeyikhiqiza kusukela enkingeni yezezimali yango-2008, kuzothatha isikhathi ngaphambi kokuba bagcwalise igebe elidalwe ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kweShayina.