Kuwani waa fikradaha asaasiga ah ee hogaamiya qolalka wararkayaga - kuwaas oo qeexaya mowduucyo muhiimad weyn u leh dhaqaalaha adduunka.
Iimaylkeena ayaa soo gala sanduuqaaga subax kasta, galab kasta iyo dhammaadka usbuuca.
Qiimaha birta ayaa kor u kacay sanadka oo dhan; mustaqbalka hal tan oo ah gariiradda kulul ee la duubay wuxuu ahaa qiyaastii $1,923, taasoo ka badan $615 bishii Sebtembar ee la soo dhaafay, sida laga soo xigtay tusmada. Dhanka kale, qiimaha macdanta birta, oo ah qaybta ugu muhiimsan ganacsiga birta, ayaa hoos u dhacay in ka badan 40% tan iyo bartamihii Luulyo. Baahida loo qabo birta ayaa kor u kacday, laakiin baahida loo qabo macdanta birta ayaa hoos u dhacaysa.
Dhowr arrimood ayaa gacan ka geystay qiimaha sare ee mustaqbalka birta, oo ay ku jiraan canshuuraha uu maamulka Trump ku soo rogay birta dibadda laga keeno iyo baahida sii kordheysa ee wax soo saarka ka dib masiibada. Laakiin Shiinaha, oo soo saarta 57% birta adduunka, ayaa sidoo kale qorsheyneysa inay hoos u dhigto wax soo saarka sanadkan, iyadoo saameyn ku yeelan doonta suuqyada birta iyo macdanta labadaba.
Si loo xakameeyo wasakhowga, Shiinuhu wuxuu hoos u dhigayaa warshadihiisa birta, kaas oo ah 10 ilaa 20 boqolkiiba qiiqa kaarboonka ee dalka. (Dadka wax dhalaaliya ee aluminiumka dalka ayaa wajahaya xayiraado la mid ah.) Shiinuhu wuxuu sidoo kale kordhiyay canshuuraha dhoofinta ee la xiriira birta; tusaale ahaan, laga bilaabo Agoosto 1, canshuuraha ferrochromium, oo ah qayb ka mid ah birta aan miridhku lahayn, ayaa labanlaabmay laga bilaabo 20% ilaa 40%.
"Waxaan fileynaa hoos u dhac muddo dheer ah oo ku yimaada wax soo saarka birta cayriin ee Shiinaha," ayuu yiri Steve Xi, oo ah la-taliye sare oo ka tirsan shirkadda cilmi-baarista Wood Mackenzie. "Iyadoo ah warshado aad u wasakhaysan, warshadaha birta ayaa sii ahaan doona diiradda dadaallada ilaalinta deegaanka ee Shiinaha sanadaha soo socda."
Xi wuxuu tilmaamay in dhimista wax soo saarku ay keentay hoos u dhac ku yimid isticmaalka macdanta birta. Qaar ka mid ah warshadaha birta ayaa xitaa tuuray qaar ka mid ah kaydkooda macdanta birta, taasoo cabsi gelisay suuqa, ayuu yiri. "Argagaxa ayaa ku faafay ganacsatada, taasoo horseeday hoos u dhac aan aragnay."
Shirkadaha macdan qodista ayaa sidoo kale isku hagaajinaya bartilmaameedyada wax soo saarka cusub ee Shiinaha.” Sida hay'adda ugu sarreysa warshadaha Shiinaha ay xaqiijisay horraantii Agoosto, suurtagalnimada sii kordheysa ee ah in Shiinuhu uu si weyn u dhimi doono wax soo saarka birta nus-sanadkan hadda socda ayaa tijaabinaysa go'aanka wanaagsan ee suuqa mustaqbalka,” ayuu yiri madaxweyne ku xigeenka BHP Billiton. Shirkadda macdanta sameysa, ayaa ku qortay warbixin dabayaaqada Agoosto oo ku saabsan saadaasha sanadka 2021.
Cadaadiska Shiinaha ee sahayda birta adduunka ayaa tilmaamaya in yaraanta alaab badan ay sii jiri doonto ilaa sahayda iyo baahida ka dambeysa masiibada ay xasilaan. Tusaale ahaan, shirkadaha baabuurta ayaa durba la halgamaya ciriiri ku yimid sahayda jajabka semiconductor-ka; birta hadda sidoo kale waa qayb ka mid ah "dhibaato cusub" oo ku timid alaabta ceeriin ah, sida uu u sheegay madaxa Ford CNBC.
Sannadkii 2019, Mareykanka wuxuu soo saaray 87.8 milyan oo tan oo bir ah, taasoo ka yar toban meelood meel 995.4 milyan oo tan oo Shiinaha ah, sida laga soo xigtay ururka birta adduunka. Markaa iyadoo sameeyayaasha birta ee Mareykanka ay hadda soo saarayaan bir ka badan intii ay soo saareen tan iyo dhibaatadii dhaqaale ee 2008, waxay qaadan doontaa waqti ka hor inta aysan buuxin farqiga ay abuurtay dhimista wax soo saarka Shiinaha.