Ibi ni byo bitekerezo by'ingenzi biyobora ibyumba byacu by'itangazamakuru—bisobanura ingingo z'ingenzi cyane ku bukungu bw'isi.
Amabaruwa yacu aboneka mu gasanduku kawe k'ubutumwa buri gitondo, nyuma ya saa sita na weekend.
Ibiciro by'ibyuma byazamutse mu mwaka wose; amafaranga azakoreshwa kuri toni imwe y'ibizingo bishyushye yari hafi $1.923, ugereranyije na $615 muri Nzeri ishize, nk'uko bigaragara mu gipimo. Hagati aho, igiciro cy'amabuye y'agaciro, igice cy'ingenzi cy'ubucuruzi bw'ibyuma, cyagabanutseho ibirenga 40% kuva hagati muri Nyakanga. Ubusabe bw'ibyuma buri kwiyongera, ariko ubusabe bw'amabuye y'agaciro buri kugabanuka.
Hari ibintu byinshi byagize uruhare mu gutuma igiciro cy’ibyuma bizaza kizamuka, harimo imisoro yashyizweho na guverinoma ya Trump ku byuma bitumizwa mu mahanga ndetse n’ibyifuzo by’inganda byari bikomeje kwiyongera nyuma y’icyorezo. Ariko Ubushinwa, bukora 57% by’ibyuma ku isi, nabwo burateganya kugabanya umusaruro muri uyu mwaka, ibyo bikaba byagira ingaruka ku masoko y’ibyuma n’amabuye y’agaciro.
Kugira ngo hagabanywe umwanda, Ubushinwa burimo kugabanya inganda z’ibyuma, zigize 10 kugeza kuri 20 ku ijana by’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere biva muri icyo gihugu. (Imashini zishongesha aluminium zo muri icyo gihugu zihanganye n’imbogamizi nk’izo.) Ubushinwa kandi bwongereye imisoro ku byoherezwa mu mahanga bijyanye n’ibyuma; urugero, kuva ku ya 1 Kanama, imisoro kuri ferrochromium, igice cy’ibyuma bitanduye, yikubye kabiri kuva kuri 20% kugera kuri 40%.
“Twiteze kugabanuka mu gihe kirekire k’umusaruro w’ibyuma bishaje mu Bushinwa,” ibi byavuzwe na Steve Xi, umujyanama mukuru mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya Wood Mackenzie. “Nk’inganda zihumanya cyane, inganda z’ibyuma zizakomeza kuba intandaro y’ibikorwa by’Ubushinwa byo kurengera ibidukikije mu myaka mike iri imbere.”
Xi yagaragaje ko igabanuka ry’umusaruro ryatumye ikoreshwa ry’amabuye y’agaciro rigabanuka. Ati: “Inganda zimwe na zimwe z’ibyuma zasize ndetse zimwe mu bubiko bw’amabuye y’agaciro, bituma isoko ritangira guhangayika.”
Ibigo by’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro nabyo birimo kwihuza n’intego nshya z’umusaruro w’Ubushinwa.” Nk’uko urwego rukuru rw’inganda mu Bushinwa rwabyemeje mu ntangiriro za Kanama, amahirwe menshi y’uko Ubushinwa buzagabanya cyane umusaruro w’ibyuma mu gice cy’umwaka kirimo aragerageza ubushobozi bw’isoko ry’ejo hazaza,” ibi byavuzwe na Visi Perezida muri BHP Billiton. Iki kigo gikomeye mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, cyanditse muri raporo yasohotse mu mpera za Kanama ku bijyanye n’uko kigiye kuzamuka mu 2021.
Kuba Ubushinwa bukoresha ibikoresho by'icyuma ku isi bigaragaza ko ibura ry'ibicuruzwa byinshi rizakomeza kugeza igihe nyuma y'icyorezo, ibikoresho n'ibikenewe bizahagarara. Urugero, amasosiyete y'imodoka yamaze guhangana n'ikibazo cy'igabanuka ry'ibikoresho bya semiconductor chips; ibyuma ubu nabyo biri mu "kibazo gishya" mu bikoresho fatizo, nk'uko umuyobozi wa Ford yabibwiye CNBC.
Mu 2019, Amerika yakoze toni miliyoni 87.8 z'ibyuma, biri munsi ya kimwe cya cumi cya toni miliyoni 995.4 z'Ubushinwa, nk'uko bitangazwa n'ishyirahamwe ry'ibyuma mpuzamahanga. Nubwo abakora ibyuma muri Amerika ubu bakora ibyuma byinshi kurusha uko babikoze kuva mu ihungabana ry'ubukungu ryo mu 2008, bizatwara igihe runaka mbere yuko baziba icyuho cyatewe no kugabanuka k'umusaruro mu Bushinwa.