Lezi zifakelo zekamu zenzelwe ukufakwa kuma-bracket akhethekile futhi zisize ekuqedeni imibimbi ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezicelo ze-crankshaft.
Iklayenti liza kuwe nomsebenzi wokwakha ipayipi elingama-degree angu-90. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza ludinga ipayipi elingu-2″. Ububanzi Bangaphandle (OD), 0.065 in. Ubukhulu bodonga, 4 inches. Irediyasi Ephakathi (CLR). Ikhasimende lidinga izingcezu ezingu-200 ngesonto unyaka wonke.
Izidingo zedayi: amadayi okugoba, amadayi okubamba, amadayi okunyathelisa, ama-mandrel kanye namadayi okuhlanza. akukho nkinga. Kubonakala sengathi wonke amathuluzi adingekayo okugoba amanye amamodeli asesitolo futhi alungele ukusebenza. Ngemva kokusetha uhlelo lomshini, umqhubi ulayisha ipayipi bese enza ukugoba kokulinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umshini udinga ukulungiswa. Ijika elilodwa laphuma emotweni futhi laliphelele. Ngakho-ke, umenzi uthumela amasampula amaningana amapayipi agobile kumakhasimende, abese ephetha inkontileka, okuzoholela ebhizinisini elinenzuzo njalo. Konke kubonakala kuhlelekile emhlabeni.
Kwadlula izinyanga, futhi ikhasimende elifanayo lalifuna ukunciphisa izindleko zezinto zokwakha. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza olusha ludinga ipayipi elingu-2″ OD x 0.035″ ububanzi. Ubukhulu bodonga kanye namasentimitha angu-3. I-CLR. Amathuluzi avela kolunye uhlelo lokusebenza agcinwa ngaphakathi yinkampani, ngakho-ke i-workshop ingakhiqiza ama-prototypes ngokushesha. Umqhubi ulayisha wonke amathuluzi kubhuleki lokucindezela bese ezama ukuhlola ukugoba. Ukugoba kokuqala kwaphuma emshinini ngama-crease ngaphakathi kokugoba. Kungani? Lokhu kungenxa yengxenye yethuluzi ebaluleke kakhulu ekugobeni amapayipi anezindonga ezincane kanye nama-radii amancane: i-wiper die.
Enkambisweni yokugoba ipayipi elijikelezayo, kwenzeka izinto ezimbili: udonga lwangaphandle lwepayipi luyawa futhi lube luncane, kuyilapho ingaphakathi lepayipi lincipha futhi liwa. Izidingo ezincane zamathuluzi okugoba amapayipi anezingalo ezijikelezayo yidayi eligobayo elizungeza ipayipi kanye nedayi elibambayo ukuze libambe ipayipi endaweni yalo njengoba ligoba lizungeza idayisi eligobayo.
Idayi yokubambelela isiza ukugcina ingcindezi engaguquki epayipini endaweni lapho ukugoba kwenzeka khona. Lokhu kunikeza amandla okusabela adala ukugoba. Ubude bedayi buxhomeke ekugobeni kwengxenye kanye nobubanzi bomugqa ophakathi.
Uhlelo lokusebenza ngokwalo luzonquma amathuluzi owadingayo. Kwezinye izimo, kudingeka ama-die okugoba, ama-dies okubamba kanye nama-dies okucindezelwa kuphela. Uma umsebenzi wakho unezindonga ezijiyile ezikhiqiza ama-radii amakhulu, ungase ungadingi i-die yokusula noma i-mandrel. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zidinga isethi ephelele yamathuluzi, okuhlanganisa i-die yokugaya, i-mandrel, kanye (kweminye imishini) ne-collet ukusiza ukuqondisa ipayipi nokugoba indiza yokujikeleza ngesikhathi senqubo yokugoba (bheka Umfanekiso 1).
Ama-squeegee dies asiza ekugcineni nasekuqedeni imibimbi engxenyeni engaphakathi ye-gond. Aphinde anciphise ukuguquguquka kwepayipi. Imibimbi iyenzeka lapho i-mandrel engaphakathi kwepayipi ingasakwazi ukunikeza amandla anele okusabela.
Uma kugotshwa, i-wiper isetshenziswa njalo nge-mandrel efakwe epayipini. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-mandrel ukulawula ukuma kwe-radius yangaphandle ye-gond. Ama-mandrel asekela futhi ama-radii angaphakathi, yize enikeza ukwesekwa okugcwele kuphela kwezicelo ezibandakanya ububanzi obulinganiselwe be-D-bends ethile kanye nezilinganiso zodonga. I-Bend D iyi-CLR ye-gond ehlukaniswe ububanzi bangaphandle bepayipi, kanti i-wall factor iyi-diameter yangaphandle yepayipi ehlukaniswe ubukhulu bodonga bepayipi (bheka Umfanekiso 2).
Ama-Wiper dies asetshenziswa lapho i-mandrel ingasakwazi ukunikeza ukulawula okwanele noma ukusekela i-radius yangaphakathi. Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, i-stripping die iyadingeka ukuze kugotshwe noma iyiphi i-mandrel enodonga oluncane. (Ama-mandrel anodonga oluncane ngezinye izikhathi abizwa ngokuthi ama-fine pitch mandrels, futhi i-pitch ibanga eliphakathi kwamabhola ku-mandrel.) Ukukhetha i-mandrel kanye ne-die kuncike ku-OD yepayipi, ubukhulu bodonga lwepayipi, kanye ne-radius egobile.
Izilungiselelo ezifanele zedayi yokugaya ziba zibaluleke kakhulu lapho izinhlelo zokusebenza zidinga izindonga ezincane noma ama-radii amancane. Cabanga futhi ngesibonelo esisekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko. Okusebenzayo kuma-intshi angu-4. I-CLR ingase ingalingani nama-intshi angu-3. Izinguquko zezinto ezidingekayo yi-CLR namakhasimende ukuze onge imali zihambisana nokunemba okuphezulu okudingekayo ukuze kulungiswe i-matrix.
Isithombe 1 Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-rotary pipe bender ukubopha, ukugoba kanye nama-clamping dies. Ezinye izinto zingadinga ukuthi kufakwe i-mandrel epayipini, kanti ezinye zidinga ukusetshenziswa kwekhanda likadokotela we-mandrel. I-collet (engabizwanga lapha, kodwa izoba senkabeni lapho uzofaka khona ipayipi) isiza ukuqondisa ipayipi ngesikhathi senqubo yokugoba. Ibanga eliphakathi kwe-tangent (indawo lapho ukugoba kwenzeka khona) kanye nesihloko se-wiper libizwa ngokuthi i-theoretical wiper offset.
Ukukhetha i-scraper die efanele, ukunikeza ukwesekwa okufanele kusuka ku-die egobayo, i-die kanye ne-mandrel, kanye nokuthola indawo efanele ye-wiper die ukuze kuqedwe izikhala ezibangela ukugoba nokugoba kuyizihluthulelo zokukhiqiza ukugoba okuqinile kwekhwalithi ephezulu. Ngokuvamile, indawo ye-comb tip kufanele ibe phakathi kwama-intshi angu-0.060 no-0.300 ukusuka ku-tangent (bheka ukuphambuka kwe-comb okucatshangwayo okuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1), kuye ngobukhulu be-tube kanye ne-radius. Sicela uhlole nomhlinzeki wakho wamathuluzi ukuze uthole ubukhulu obuqondile.
Qiniseka ukuthi isihloko se-wiper die sigcwele umsele wepayipi nokuthi akukho sikhala (noma "ukuvuleka") phakathi kwesihloko se-wiper nomsele wepayipi. Hlola futhi izilungiselelo zakho zokucindezela kwesikhunta. Uma ikamu lisendaweni efanele maqondana nomsele wepayipi, faka ingcindezi encane ku-pressure matrix ukuze ucindezele ipayipi ku-bend matrix futhi usize ekubusheleleni imibimbi.
Ama-wiper arrays eza ngezimo nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Ungathenga ama-wiper dies angunxande/ayisikwele amapayipi angunxande nayisikwele, futhi ungasebenzisa nama-wiper anesimo se-contour/esimo ukuze afane nezimo ezithile futhi asekele izici ezihlukile.
Izitayela ezimbili ezivame kakhulu yi-wiper matrix ene-one-piece square-back kanye ne-bladed wiper holder. Ama-square back wiper dies (bheka uMfanekiso 3) asetshenziselwa imikhiqizo emincane enodonga, ama-D-bend amancane (ngokuvamile angu-1.25D noma ngaphansi), i-aerospace, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinhle kakhulu, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-batch encane kuya kwephakathi.
Kuma-curve angaphansi kuka-2D, ungaqala nge-wiper die ene-square-backed, okwenza inqubo ibe lula. Isibonelo, ungaqala nge-2D square back curved scraper ene-wall factor engu-150. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungasebenzisa i-scraper holder ene-blade ukuze uthole izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingasebenzisi ulaka oluningi njenge-2D curve ene-wall factor engu-25.
Amapuleti e-wiper angemuva ayisikwele anikeza ukwesekwa okuphezulu kwe-radius yangaphakathi. Angasikwa futhi ngemva kokuguga kwe-tip, kodwa kuzodingeka ulungise umshini ukuze uvumelane ne-wiper die emfushane ngemva kokusika.
Olunye uhlobo oluvamile lwesibambi se-scraper blade lushibhile futhi lungabizi kakhulu ekwenzeni ama-gond (bheka uMfanekiso 4). Angasetshenziswa kuma-gond D aphakathi kuya kwaqinile, kanye nokugoba amapayipi ahlukahlukene anobubanzi obufanayo bangaphandle kanye ne-CLR. Uma nje ubona ukuguguleka kwe-tip, ungasishintsha. Uma wenza lokhu, uzobona ukuthi i-tip isethwa ngokuzenzakalelayo endaweni efanayo ne-blade yangaphambilini, okusho ukuthi akudingeki ulungise ukufakwa kwengalo ye-wiper. Nokho, qaphela ukuthi ukucushwa nendawo ye-blade key ku-cleaner matrix holder kuhlukile, ngakho-ke udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwakheka kwe-blade kufana nokwakheka kwe-brush holder.
Izibambi ze-wiper ezinezifakelo zinciphisa isikhathi sokusetha kodwa azinconywa kuma-radii amancane. Azisebenzi futhi ngamapayipi noma amaphrofayili angunxande noma ayisikwele. Zombili izihlanganisi ze-wiper eziyisikwele ngemuva kanye nezingalo ze-wiper ezifakiwe zingakhiqizwa eduze. Ama-wiper angenakuthintana aklanyelwe ukunciphisa imfucuza yamapayipi, okuvumela ubude obufushane bokusebenza ngokwandisa okunamathiselwe ngemuva kwe-wiper nokuvumela i-collet (ibhulokhi yomhlahlandlela we-tube) ukuthi ibekwe eduze ne-die egobayo (bheka Umfanekiso 5).
Umgomo uwukufushanisa ubude bepayipi obudingekayo, ngaleyo ndlela kugcinwe izinto zokusetshenziswa okufanele. Nakuba lawa ma-wiper angathinti anciphisa imfucuza, ahlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuncane kunama-wiper angemuva ajwayelekile noma ama-wiper ajwayelekile anamabhulashi.
Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa izinto ezingcono kakhulu ze-scraper die. Ithusi le-aluminium kufanele lisetshenziswe lapho kugotshwa izinto eziqinile njengensimbi engagqwali, i-titanium kanye ne-INCONEL alloys. Uma kugotshwa izinto ezithambile njengensimbi ethambile, ithusi kanye ne-aluminium, sebenzisa i-wiper yensimbi noma ye-chrome steel (bheka isithombe 6).
Isibalo 2 Ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa okungasebenzisi ugesi kakhulu akudingi i-chip yokuhlanza. Ukuze ufunde leli shadi, bheka izinkinobho ezingenhla.
Uma usebenzisa isibambo sommese esinensingo, isibambo ngokuvamile senziwe ngensimbi, kodwa kwezinye izimo zombili isibambo nesihloko kungadingeka kube yithusi le-aluminium.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa ikamu noma isibambi sebhulashi esinama-blade, uzosebenzisa isethaphu efanayo yomshini. Ngenkathi ubambe ithubhu endaweni eboshwe ngokuphelele, beka i-scraper phezu kokugoba nangemuva kwethubhu. Isihloko se-wiper sizongena endaweni yaso ngokushaya ngemuva kwe-wiper array ngesando serabha.
Uma ungakwazi ukusebenzisa le ndlela, sebenzisa iso lakho kanye nerula (rula) ukufaka i-wiper matrix noma i-wiper blade holder. Qaphela futhi usebenzise umunwe wakho noma i-eyeball ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-tip iqondile. Qiniseka ukuthi i-tip ayiphambili kakhulu. Ufuna ushintsho olubushelelezi njengoba ithubhu lidlula i-tip ye-wiper matrix. Phinda inqubo njengoba kudingeka ukuze ufinyelele ukugoba okuhle kwekhwalithi.
I-engeli ye-rake yi-engeli ye-squeegee uma iqhathaniswa ne-matrix. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zobungcweti ezindiza nakwezinye izinkambu zisebenzisa ama-wiper aklanyelwe ama-rake amancane noma angenawo. Kodwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, i-engeli yokuthambekela ivame ukusethwa phakathi kwama-degree angu-1 no-2, njengoba kuboniswe ku-Fig. 1 ukuze kunikezwe isikhala esanele sokunciphisa ukuhudula. Kuzodingeka unqume ukuthambekela okuqondile ngesikhathi sokusetha nokujika kokuhlola, yize ngezinye izikhathi ungakusetha ekujikeni kokuqala.
Usebenzisa i-matrix ejwayelekile ye-wiper, beka ithiphu ye-wiper emuva kancane ngemuva kwe-tangent. Lokhu kushiya isikhala sokuba opharetha ahambise ithiphu yokuhlanza phambili njengoba iguga. Kodwa-ke, ungalokothi ufake ithiphu ye-matrix ye-wiper ngendlela eqondile noma ngale kwayo; lokhu kuzolimaza ithiphu ye-matrix yokuhlanza.
Uma ugoba izinto ezithambile, ungasebenzisa ama-rake amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, uma ugoba izinto eziqinile njengensimbi engagqwali noma i-titanium, zama ukugcina i-scraping die isendaweni ephansi. Sebenzisa izinto eziqinile ukuze wenze i-scraper iqonde ngangokunokwenzeka, lokhu kuzosiza ekuhlanzeni ama-crease kuma-curve kanye nama-straight ngemuva kwama-curve. Ukusetha okunjalo kufanele futhi kufake i-mandrel efanelana kahle.
Ukuze kube nekhwalithi engcono kakhulu yokugoba, i-mandrel kanye ne-scraper die kufanele kusetshenziswe ukusekela ingaphakathi lokugoba nokulawula ukuphuma kokuzungeza. Uma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza ludinga i-squeegee kanye ne-mandrel, sebenzisa kokubili futhi ngeke uzisole.
Uma sibuyela enkingeni yangaphambilini, zama ukuwina inkontileka elandelayo yezindonga ezincane kanye ne-CLR exineneyo. Njengoba isikhunta se-wiper sikhona, ithubhu laphuma emshinini ngokungenaphutha ngaphandle kokushwabana. Lokhu kumelela ikhwalithi efunwa yimboni, futhi ikhwalithi yilokho okufanele imboni.
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