Ezi zixhobo zokufaka ikama zenzelwe ukuxhonywa kwiibrakethi ezikhethekileyo kwaye zinceda ekupheliseni imibimbi kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufaka i-crankshaft.
Umthengi uza kuwe enomsebenzi wokwenza umbhobho ongama-90-degree. Olu setyenziso lufuna iityhubhu ezi-2″. Ububanzi obungaphandle (OD), 0.065 inches. Ubukhulu bodonga, 4 inches. I-Centerline Radius (CLR). Umthengi ufuna iziqwenga ezingama-200 ngeveki unyaka wonke.
Iimfuneko zedayisi: iidayi zokugoba, iidayi zokubopha, iidayi zokucinezela, iidayi zokucofa kunye needayi zokucoca. akukho ngxaki. Kubonakala ngathi zonke izixhobo ezifunekayo zokugoba ezinye zeeprototypes zisevenkileni kwaye zilungele ukusetyenziswa. Emva kokuseta inkqubo yomatshini, umqhubi ulayisha umbhobho aze enze ukugoba kovavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umatshini ufuna ukulungiswa. I-turn one yaphuma emotweni kwaye yayigqibelele. Ngoko ke, umenzi uthumela iisampulu ezininzi zeepayipi ezigobileyo kumthengi, aze emva koko agqibe isivumelwano, esiza kukhokelela kwishishini elinenzuzo rhoqo. Yonke into ibonakala ihlelekile emhlabeni.
Kwadlula iinyanga, kwaye umthengi ofanayo wayefuna ukunciphisa iindleko zezinto zokwakha. Esi sicelo sitsha sifuna iityhubhu ezi-2″ OD x 0.035″ ububanzi. Ubukhulu bodonga kunye nee-intshi ezi-3. I-CLR. Izixhobo ezivela kwesinye isicelo zigcinwa ngaphakathi yinkampani, ngoko ke i-workshop inokuvelisa iiprototypes ngoko nangoko. Umqhubi ulayisha zonke izixhobo kwi-press brake aze azame ukujonga ukugoba. Ukugoba kokuqala kuphume kumatshini kunye nokugoba ngaphakathi kokugoba. Ngoba? Oku kungenxa yenxalenye yesixhobo ebaluleke kakhulu kwiipayipi zokugoba ezineendonga ezincinci kunye ne-radii encinci: i-wiper die.
Kwinkqubo yokugoba ityhubhu ejikelezayo, kwenzeka izinto ezimbini: udonga lwangaphandle lwetyhubhu luyawa luze lube mncinci, ngelixa ingaphakathi letyhubhu lincipha lize liwe. Iimfuneko ezisisiseko zezixhobo zokugoba iipayipi ezineengalo ezijikelezayo yidayi yokugoba apho umbhobho ugotywa khona kunye nedayi yokucinezela ukubamba umbhobho endaweni yawo njengoko ugoba ujikeleze idayisi yokugoba.
I-clamping die inceda ukugcina uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kumbhobho kwindawo ethe tyaba apho ukugoba kwenzeka khona. Oku kunika amandla okuphendula adala ukugoba. Ubude be-die buxhomekeke ekugobeni kwenxalenye kunye nobubanzi bomgca ophakathi.
Usetyenziso ngokwalo luya kumisela izixhobo ozifunayo. Kwezinye iimeko, kufuneka kuphela ii-dyes zokugoba, ii-dyes zokucinezela kunye nee-dyes zokucinezela. Ukuba umsebenzi wakho uneendonga eziqinileyo ezivelisa i-radii enkulu, usenokungadingi i-wiper die okanye i-mandrel. Ezinye izicelo zifuna iseti epheleleyo yezixhobo, kubandakanya i-grinding die, i-mandrel, kunye (kwezinye iimatshini) ne-collet ukunceda ukukhokela umbhobho kunye nokugoba i-plane yokujikeleza ngexesha lenkqubo yokugoba (jonga uMfanekiso 1).
Ii-Squeegee dies zinceda ekugcineni nasekususeni imibimbi kwi-radius yangaphakathi ye-gond. Zikwanciphisa ukuguquguquka kwe-out-of-pipe. Imibimbi iyenzeka xa i-mandrel engaphakathi kwi-pipe ingasakwazi ukunika amandla aneleyo okusabela.
Xa kugotywa, i-wiper isoloko isetyenziswa nge-mandrel efakwe kumbhobho. Umsebenzi ophambili we-mandrel kukulawula imilo ye-radius yangaphandle ye-gond. Ii-mandrel zikwaxhasa i-radii yangaphakathi, nangona zibonelela ngenkxaso epheleleyo kuphela kwizicelo ezibandakanya uluhlu olulinganiselweyo lwee-D-bends ezithile kunye ne-wall ratios. I-Bend D yi-CLR ye-bend eyahlulwe ngobubanzi bangaphandle bombhobho, kwaye i-wall factor yi-diameter yangaphandle yombhobho eyahlulwe ngobukhulu bodonga lombhobho (jonga uMfanekiso 2).
Ii-Wiper dies zisetyenziswa xa i-mandrel ingasakwazi ukubonelela ngolawulo okanye inkxaso eyaneleyo kwi-radius yangaphakathi. Njengomthetho jikelele, i-stripping die iyadingeka ukugoba nayiphi na i-mandrel enodonga oluncinci. (Ii-mandrel ezinodonga oluncinci ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba zii-fine pitch mandrels, kwaye i-pitch ngumgama ophakathi kweebhola kwi-mandrel.) Ukukhethwa kwe-mandrel kunye ne-die kuxhomekeke kwi-OD yombhobho, ubukhulu bodonga lombhobho, kunye ne-radius yokugoba.
Useto olufanelekileyo lwe-diye yokusila lubaluleke ngakumbi xa usetyenziso lufuna iindonga ezincinci okanye ii-radii ezincinci. Cinga kwakhona ngomzekelo osekuqaleni kweli nqaku. Oko kusebenza kwii-intshi ezi-4. I-CLR isenokungalingani nee-intshi ezi-3. Utshintsho lwezinto ezifunekayo yi-CLR kunye nabathengi ukuze bonge imali luhamba nokuchaneka okuphezulu okufunekayo ukulungisa imatrix.
Umfanekiso 1 Izinto eziphambili ze-rotary pipe bender kukubethelela, ukugoba kunye nee-clamping dies. Ezinye izinto zinokufuna ukuba kufakwe i-mandrel kwityhubhu, ngelixa ezinye zifuna kusetyenziswe intloko kagqirha we-mandrel. I-collet (engabizwanga apha, kodwa iya kuba sembindini apho uza kufaka khona ityhubhu) inceda ukukhokela ityhubhu ngexesha lenkqubo yokugoba. Umgama phakathi kwe-tangent (indawo apho ukugoba kwenzeka khona) kunye nencam ye-wiper ibizwa ngokuba yi-theoretical wiper offset.
Ukukhetha i-scraper die efanelekileyo, ukubonelela ngenkxaso efanelekileyo kwi-die egobileyo, i-die kunye ne-mandrel, kunye nokufumana indawo efanelekileyo ye-wiper die ukuze kususwe izikhewu ezibangela ukushwabana kunye nokugoba zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekuveliseni ukugoba okusemgangathweni ophezulu. Ngokwesiqhelo, indawo yencam ye-comb kufuneka ibe phakathi kwe-0.060 kunye ne-0.300 intshi ukusuka kwi-tangent (jonga ukuphambuka kwe-comb okuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1), kuxhomekeke kubukhulu betyhubhu kunye ne-radius. Nceda ujonge kumthengisi wezixhobo zakho ukuze ufumane ubungakanani obuchanekileyo.
Qinisekisa ukuba incam yedayi ye-wiper ithambile kunye nomngxuma wetyhubhu kwaye akukho sithuba (okanye "ukudumba") phakathi kwencam ye-wiper kunye nomngxuma wetyhubhu. Kwakhona jonga useto lwakho loxinzelelo lwe-mold. Ukuba ikama ikwindawo efanelekileyo malunga nomngxuma wetyhubhu, faka uxinzelelo oluncinci kwi-pressure matrix ukuze utyhale umngxuma ungene kwi-bend matrix kwaye uncede ukuthambisa imibimbi.
Ii-wiper arrays ziza ngeemilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Ungathenga ii-wiper dies eziziingxande/ezisikwere zeepayipi eziziingxande neziziingxande, kwaye ungasebenzisa nee-wiper ezizii-contour/ezimile okwemilo ukuze zilingane neemilo ezithile kwaye zixhase iimpawu ezizodwa.
Iintlobo ezimbini eziqhelekileyo yi-one-piece square-back wiper matrix kunye ne-bladed wiper holder. Ii-square back wiper dies (jonga uMfanekiso 3) zisetyenziselwa iimveliso ezibhityileyo ezibiyelweyo, ii-D-bends ezincinci (ngesiqhelo ziyi-1.25D okanye ngaphantsi), i-aerospace, usetyenziso oluphezulu lobuhle, kunye nemveliso encinci ukuya kwephakathi.
Kwimiqolo engaphantsi kwe-2D, ungaqala nge-wiper die enesikwere-backed, ulungelelanise inkqubo. Umzekelo, ungaqala nge-2D square back curved scraper ene-wall factor eyi-150. Okanye, ungasebenzisa i-scraper holder ene-blade ukuze uyisebenzise kancinci njengemiqolo ye-2D ene-wall factor eyi-25.
Iipleyiti ze-wiper ezisikwere zibonelela ngenkxaso ephezulu kwi-radius yangaphakathi. Zinokunqunyulwa emva kokuba incam igugile, kodwa kuya kufuneka ulungise umatshini ukuze ulungelelanise i-wiper die emfutshane emva kokunqunyulwa.
Olunye uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesibambi seblade yokukrazula lubiza kancinci kwaye lungabizi kakhulu ekwenzeni iigophe (jonga uMfanekiso 4). Zingasetyenziselwa iigophe eziphakathi ukuya kweziqinileyo ze-D, kunye nokugoba iipayipi ezahlukeneyo ezinobubanzi obufanayo bangaphandle kunye ne-CLR. Wakuba uqaphela ukuguguleka kwencam, ungayitshintsha. Xa usenza oku, uya kuqaphela ukuba incam ibekwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwindawo efanayo nencam yangaphambili, oko kuthetha ukuba akufuneki ulungise ukufakwa kwengalo ye-wiper. Nangona kunjalo, qaphela ukuba uqwalaselo kunye nendawo yesitshixo seblade kwisibambi se-matrix esicocekileyo zahlukile, ngoko ke kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba uyilo lweblade luhambelana noyilo lwesibambi sebrashi.
Izibambi zeewiper ezinee-inserts zinciphisa ixesha lokuseta kodwa azikhuthazwa kwii-radii ezincinci. Azisebenzi nakwiityhubhu eziziingxande okanye iiprofayili. Zombini ii-square back wiper combs kunye neengalo ze-insert wiper zinokwenziwa kufutshane. Ii-Non-contact wiper dies zenzelwe ukunciphisa inkunkuma yepayipi, zivumela ubude obufutshane bokusebenza ngokwandisa isincamathiselo emva kwe-wiper kunye nokuvumela i-collet (ibhloko yesikhokelo setyhubhu) ukuba ibekwe kufutshane ne-bending die (jonga uMfanekiso 5).
Injongo kukunciphisa ubude bombhobho ofunekayo, ngaloo ndlela kugcinwe izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo. Nangona ezi wipers zingenachukumisi zinciphisa inkunkuma, aziniki nkxaso ingako kunezi wipers eziqhelekileyo ezingasemva okanye izikhonkwane ze wipers eziqhelekileyo ezineebhrashi.
Qinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa izinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekutshixeni. I-aluminium bronze kufuneka isetyenziswe xa kugotywa izinto eziqinileyo ezifana nentsimbi engagqwaliyo, i-titanium kunye ne-INCONEL alloys. Xa kugotywa izinto ezithambileyo ezifana nentsimbi ethambileyo, i-copper kunye ne-aluminium, sebenzisa i-wiper yentsimbi okanye ye-chrome steel (jonga umfanekiso 6).
Umfanekiso 2 Ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa okungasebenzisi mandla kakhulu akudingi chip yokucoca. Ukuze ufunde le tshathi, jonga izitshixo ezingasentla.
Xa usebenzisa isiphatho semela esinencakuba, isiphatho sidla ngokwenziwa ngentsimbi, kodwa kwezinye iimeko isiphatho kunye nencakuba kunokufuneka ukuba zibe yibronze ye-aluminium.
Nokuba usebenzisa ikama okanye isibambi sebrashi esineeblade, uza kusebenzisa indlela efanayo yokuseta umatshini. Ngelixa ubambe ityhubhu kwindawo ecinezelwe ngokupheleleyo, beka i-scraper phezu kwegophe nangasemva kwetyhubhu. Incam ye-wiper iya kuqhawuka ngokubethela umva we-wiper array ngesando serabha.
Ukuba awukwazi ukusebenzisa le ndlela, sebenzisa iliso lakho kunye nerula (rula) ukufaka i-wiper matrix okanye i-wiper blade holder. Lumka kwaye usebenzise umnwe wakho okanye i-eyeball ukuqinisekisa ukuba incam ithe tye. Qinisekisa ukuba incam ayiphambili kakhulu. Ufuna utshintsho olugudileyo njengoko ityhubhu idlula incam ye-wiper matrix. Phinda le nkqubo njengoko kufuneka ukuze ufikelele kwigophe elisemgangathweni.
I-engile yeraki yi-engile ye-squeegee xa ithelekiswa ne-matrix. Ezinye izicelo zobungcali kwi-aerospace nakwezinye iindawo zisebenzisa ii-wipers ezenzelwe ii-raki ezincinci okanye ezingenazo. Kodwa kwiizicelo ezininzi, i-engile yokuthambeka idla ngokubekwa phakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-2 degrees, njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo 1 ukuze kubonelelwe ngokwaneleyo ukunciphisa ukutsalwa. Kuya kufuneka umisele i-slope echanekileyo ngexesha lokuseta kunye nokujika kovavanyo, nangona ngamanye amaxesha ungayibeka kwi-turn yokuqala.
Usebenzisa i-matrix ye-wiper eqhelekileyo, beka incam ye-wiper ngasemva kancinci emva kwe-tangent. Oku kushiya indawo yokuba umqhubi ahambise incam ye-cleaner phambili njengoko iguga. Nangona kunjalo, ungaze uyifake incam ye-wiper matrix ngokuthe tye okanye ngaphaya kwayo; oku kuya konakalisa incam ye-cleaner matrix.
Xa ugoba izinto ezithambileyo, ungasebenzisa iireki ezininzi kangangoko ufuna. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ugoba izinto eziqinileyo ezifana nentsimbi engagqwaliyo okanye i-titanium, zama ukugcina i-scraping die ikwindawo encinci yokuthambeka. Sebenzisa izinto eziqinileyo ukwenza i-scraper ithe tye kangangoko kunokwenzeka, oku kuya kunceda ukucoca imingxunya kwimingxunya kunye ne-straights emva kwemingxunya. Olu hlobo lokuseta kufuneka lubandakanye ne-mandrel ehambelana kakuhle.
Ukuze kube nomgangatho ongcono wokugoba, kufuneka kusetyenziswe i-mandrel kunye ne-scraper die ukuxhasa ingaphakathi lokugoba kunye nokulawula ukungqukuva. Ukuba isicelo sakho sifuna i-squeegee kunye ne-mandrel, zisebenzise zombini kwaye awuyi kuzisola.
Ukubuyela kwingxaki yangaphambili, zama ukuphumelela isivumelwano esilandelayo sodonga oluncinci kunye ne-CLR exineneyo. Njengoko isikhunta se-wiper sisebenza, ityhubhu yaphuma kumatshini ngokungenasiphako kwaye akukho mibimbi. Oku kubonisa umgangatho ofunwa lishishini, kwaye umgangatho yiloo nto ifanelekileyo kwishishini.
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