I-electrode empeleni iyintambo yensimbi eboshwe futhi ngokuvamile kufanele yenziwe ngezinto ezifana nezakhiwo nokwakheka kwensimbi eshibilikayo, futhi kunezici eziningana ezifaka isandla ekukhetheni i-electrode efanele iphrojekthi yakho ethile.
Nakuba ama-electrode e-arc welding yensimbi evikelwe (i-SMAW) noma “anamathela” esetshenziswa futhi eba yingxenye ye-weld, amanye ama-electrode (njengalawo asetshenziselwa i-TIG welding) awasetshenziswa, okusho ukuthi awancibiliki futhi abe yingxenye ye-weld. Ukuhlukaniswa komthungo, kulezi zimo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-electrode kuyadingeka.
Thina kwa-Eng-weld siyazi ukuthi ukukhetha i-electrode efanele kubalulekile ekuqiniseni ukushibilika, ikhwalithi yokushibilika, ukunciphisa ukuchitheka kanye nokuhlanza.
Ama-electrode e-cellulose angama-electrode okushisela ambozwe nge-sheath equkethe izinto eziphilayo. Ngokuvamile cishe ama-30% ngesisindo se-coating yi-cellulose, kodwa kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba i-cellulose kanye nofulawa wokhuni kungangezwa e-coating ukuze kuncishiswe okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose emsulwa.
Ama-organic compound ahlukahlukene kuma-electrode azobola ku-arc ukuze akhe i-carbon dioxide, i-carbon monoxide kanye ne-hydrogen, konke okwandisa i-voltage ngaphakathi kwe-arc, okuholela ku-arc enamandla futhi eqinile. Ngakho-ke, ama-cellulose electrode angangena ajule ngo-70% kunama-electrode ahambisanayo anesilinganiso samanje esifanayo.
Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngengubo encane noma ephakathi nendawo, yize lokhu kukhiqiza i-slag engasuswa ngemuva kokuthi inqubo yokushisela isiqediwe, lokhu kungabangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwe-splatter. Kodwa-ke, ikhono lokushisela phansi eliqondile kanye nekhono lokungena lale electrode kuhle kakhulu ngenxa yokugcwaliswa kwezikhala enguboni.
I-electrode ephansi ye-hydrogen empeleni iyi-gas shield arc welding (SMAW) esetshenziswayo enokuqukethwe kwamanzi okungaphansi kuka-0.6% uma kuqhathaniswa nokuqukethwe kwamanzi okuvamile okungu-4-6% kwama-electrode e-cellulosic.
Ngokuvamile, ama-electrode aphansi e-hydrogen njenge-electrode yenduku ye-E7018 anikeza abasebenzisi i-spatter ephansi kanye ne-arc ebushelelezi, ezinzile nethule. Lezi zakhiwo zenza la ma-electrode abe ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kokubili kubashiseli abanolwazi nabaqalayo. Izakhiwo zala ma-electrode ensimbi yokugcwalisa zinikeza umshiseli ukulawula okuhle kwe-arc futhi zinciphisa isidingo sokuhlanza ngemva kokushisela.
Ngokungafani namanye ama-electrode afana ne-E6010 noma i-E6011, ama-electrode aphansi e-hydrogen ahlinzeka ngamanani aphezulu okufakwa kanye namazinga okungena, okuvumela umshiseli ukuthi angeze insimbi eyengeziwe esibayeni nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, okuthuthukisa amandla okushisela futhi kugwenywe amaphutha okushisela njengokuntuleka kokungena.
Ngokuvamile, ama-electrode ensimbi emnene ahlinzeka nge-arc ethule futhi ezinzile enokungena okuphansi, okwenza abe afanelekela ukuvalwa kwezikhala ezibanzi kanye nokusetshenziswa kweshidi elincane. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-electrode ensimbi emnene, ngalinye linezakhiwo ezihlukile kancane ngakho-ke lifaneleka kangcono kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene.
Isibonelo, ibanga 6013 liyi-electrode yensimbi ethambile yenhloso ejwayelekile ehlinzeka ngokungena okujulile ngenkathi igcina i-arc ebushelelezi nezinzile. I-arc kulula ukuyivuselela, umthungo wokushisela muhle, ukuchitheka kuncane, i-slag kulula ukuyilawula, ifanele ukushisela phansi ngokuqondile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-electrode ye-arc engu-7018 iyi-electrode yensimbi ethambile eyenzelwe ukushisela izinto zensimbi yekhabhoni enamandla aphezulu. Le electrode ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukushisela kwesakhiwo ngenxa yokumelana nokuqhekeka kwe-weld. Kodwa lokhu kudala i-slag eningi, engafaneleki ukushisela phansi okuqondile.
I-electrode yokugcina yensimbi ethambile esizoyibona yi-6011. Le electrode ejulile eguquguqukayo inikeza i-arc ebushelelezi nezinzile lapho kushintshwa insimbi ethambile ehlanganisiwe kanye nezinye izinsimbi eziphansi ze-alloy. Ukwembozwa kwayo kudala i-arc enamandla yokungena okujulile, futhi ungqimba lwe-slag luncane futhi kulula ukulususa.
Njengamanye ama-electrode esiwabonile ngenhla, ama-electrode ensimbi engagqwali eza ngezinhlobo eziningana, ngayinye ihlukile kancane kweyangaphambilini.
Lapha sibheka amazinga amathathu ahlukene ama-electrode ensimbi engagqwali, angu-308, angu-309 kanye no-316, nokuthi kufanele uwasebenzise nini.
Uma usebenzisa amagreyidi angu-301, 302, 304, 305 kanye nama-alloy okubumba i-CF-3 kanye ne-CF8, sincoma ukuthi usebenzise i-308L, kufaka phakathi ama-electrode e-ER308LSi. Lawa ma-electrode ensimbi engagqwali afaneleka kakhulu ezinsimbini ezingagqwali ze-austenitic, kodwa ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nokukhiqizwa kwamandla, sincoma i-electrode engu-308H njengoba le electrode enekhabhoni ephezulu inikeza ukumelana okungcono kokuqhekeka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
Uma uhlanganisa insimbi encane noma izinsimbi ezincane zensimbi engagqwali nensimbi engagqwali, sebenzisa i-309L, okuhlanganisa i-ER309LSi. Lokhu kusebenza futhi ekuhlanganiseni izinsimbi ezahlukene ezingagqwali njengensimbi engagqwali engu-409 noma engu-304L. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kufanele futhi zisetshenziswe ukubopha izinsimbi eziyisisekelo ezingu-309.
Uma usebenzisa izinsimbi eziyisisekelo ezingu-316L no-316 kanye nezilinganiso zazo ezihlanganisiwe ze-CF-8m kanye ne-CF-3M, kufanele kusetshenziswe i-316L kuphela njengensimbi yokugcwalisa, okuhlanganisa ne-ER317LSi.
Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingama-308L zingathatha indawo yama-309L njengensimbi yokugcwalisa njengoba zingadingi i-molybdenum ngokungafani nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingama-316 noma ezingama-316L ezidinga i-molybdenum ngakho awukwazi ukufaka esikhundleni sama-309 nge-316.
Njengoba sibonile ngenhla, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zama-electrode atholakalayo. Ngayinye yazo inezakhiwo ezihlukile kancane ngakho-ke izici ezihlukile kancane neziyingqayizivele. Lapho kwenziwa noma yimuphi umsebenzi wokulungisa nokulungisa, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-electrode asetshenziswayo anezimpawu ezidingekayo.
Okokuqala, nquma ukuthi hlobo luni lwensimbi ozolulungisa noma ozolulungisa. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele unqume ukuthi udinga i-electrode ejwayelekile noma i-electrode enezakhiwo ezikhethekile. Uma usunalo lonke lolu lwazi ungaqala ukunamathisela, uma ungasebenzisi futhi usebenzise ama-electrode angalungile, i-solder yakho cishe izohluleka noma ungavele ushise insimbi osebenza ngayo.
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