Electrode ni insinga y'icyuma ipfundikiye kandi muri rusange igomba gukorwa mu bikoresho bisa n'imiterere n'imiterere y'icyuma gisukwa, kandi hari ibintu byinshi bijyana mu guhitamo electrode ikwiye umushinga wawe.
Nubwo electrode zo gusudira ibyuma birinzwe (SMAW) cyangwa "stick" zishobora gukoreshwa kandi zikaba igice cy'umusego, izindi electrode (nk'izikoreshwa mu gusudira TIG) ntizikoreshwa, bivuze ko zidashonga ngo zibe igice cy'umusego. Gutandukanya umusego, muri ibi bihe, gukoresha electrode birakenewe.
Twe muri Eng-weld tuzi ko guhitamo electrode ikwiye ari ingenzi cyane mu gusonera, ubwiza bw'isuri, kugabanya imiyoboro no gusukura.
Electrode za selulosi ni electrode zo gusudira zitwikiriwe n'agasanduku karimo ibikoresho by'umwimerere. Ubusanzwe hafi 30% by'uburemere bw'agapapuro ni selulosi, ariko mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'isi selulosi n'ifu y'ibiti bishobora kongerwamo agapapuro kugira ngo bigabanye ingano ya selulosi nziza.
Ibinyabutabire bitandukanye biri muri electrode bizabora muri arc bigakora dioxyde de carbone, monoxide de carbone na hydrogen, byose byongera voltage iri muri arc, bigatuma arc ikomeye kandi ikomeye. Bityo, electrode za cellulose zishobora kwinjira kugeza kuri 70% mu burebure kurusha electrode zihuye zifite current rating imwe.
Ubusanzwe bikorwa hakoreshejwe irangi rito cyangwa riciriritse, nubwo ibi bitanga irangi rishobora gukurwaho nyuma yo kurangiza igikorwa cyo gusudira, ibi bishobora gutera igihombo gikomeye. Ariko, ubushobozi bwo gusudira buhagaze hasi ndetse n'ubushobozi bwo kwinjira bw'iyi electrode ni byiza cyane bitewe no kuziba icyuho mu irangi.
Electrode ya hydrogen nkeya mu by’ukuri ni ubushuhe bwa gaze hirinzwe arc (SMAW) bushobora gukoreshwa bufite amazi ari munsi ya 0.6% ugereranije n’amazi asanzwe ari hagati ya 4-6% y’amashanyarazi ya selulosike.
Ubusanzwe, electrode nke za hydrogen nka electrode ya E7018 y'inkoni itanga imirasire mike n'umurambararo woroshye, uhamye kandi utuje. Iyi miterere ituma izi electrode ziba amahitamo meza ku basudira uburambe n'abatangira. Imiterere y'izi electrode z'icyuma zitanga umusudira ubushobozi bwo kugenzura neza umurambararo kandi ikagabanya gukenera gusukurwa nyuma yo gusudira.
Bitandukanye n'izindi electrode nka E6010 cyangwa E6011, electrode nke za hydrogen zitanga ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo no kwinjira neza, bigatuma icyuma gisudira cyongeramo icyuma kinini ku ngingo igihe icyo ari cyo cyose, bikongera imbaraga zo gusudira no kwirinda inenge zo gusudira nko kutagira aho zijya.
Muri rusange, electrode z'icyuma cyoroshye zitanga umurambararo utuje kandi uhamye hamwe n'uburyo buke bwo kwinjira, bigatuma ziba nziza mu gushyiramo icyuho kinini no gukoresha impapuro nto. Ariko, hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa electrode z'icyuma cyoroshye, buri imwe ifite imiterere itandukanye gato bityo ikaba ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye.
Urugero, urwego rwa 6013 ni electrode y'icyuma cyoroshye ikoreshwa muri rusange itanga uburyo bwo kwinjira cyane mu gihe igumana umurambararo woroshye kandi uhamye. Umurambararo woroshye kongera kuvugurura, umugozi wo gusudira ni mwiza, icyuho ni gito, icyuho cyoroshye kugenzura, kibereye gusudira mu buryo buhagaze.
Ku rundi ruhande, electrode ya arc ya 7018 ni electrode yoroheje y'icyuma yagenewe gusudira ibikoresho by'icyuma cya karuboni gikomeye cyane. Iyi electrode ikunze gukoreshwa mu gusudira imiterere bitewe n'uko isudi idashobora kwangirika. Ariko ibi bitera slag nyinshi, idakwiye gusudira ihagaze.
Electrode y'icyuma cyoroshye cya nyuma tuzabona ni 6011. Iyi electrode y'icyuma cyoroshye cyane itanga umurambararo woroshye kandi uhamye iyo urimo gusudira icyuma cyoroshye cya galvanised hamwe n'ibindi byuma bito bya alloy. Igipfukisho cyayo gitanga umurambararo ukomeye wo kwinjira mu buryo bwimbitse, kandi urwego rw'icyuma cyoroshye ruba rworoshye kandi rworoshye gukuraho.
Kimwe n'izindi electrode twabonye haruguru, electrode z'icyuma kidashonga ziza mu moko menshi, buri imwe itandukanye gato n'iyabanjirije.
Hano turareba ubwoko butatu butandukanye bwa electrode z'icyuma kidashonga, 308, 309 na 316, n'igihe cyo kuzikoresha.
Niba ukoresha imiterere ya 301, 302, 304, 305 n'iy'icyuma gicanwa CF-3 na CF8, turakugira inama yo gukoresha 308L, harimo na electrode za ER308LSi. Izi electrode z'icyuma gicanwa ni nziza ku byuma bicanwa bya austenitic, ariko ku bikorwa nko kubyaza ingufu, turakugira inama yo gukoresha electrode ya 308H kuko iyi electrode ifite karubone nyinshi itanga ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Mu gihe uhuza icyuma cyoroheje cyangwa icyuma cyoroheje n'icyuma kidashonga, koresha 309L, harimo na ER309LSi. Ibi ni nako bigenda no guhuza ibyuma bitandukanye nk'icyuma kidashonga cya 409 cyangwa 304L. Uretse ibi, bigomba no gukoreshwa mu guhuza ibyuma 309 by'ibanze.
Mu gihe ukoresha ibyuma by'ibanze 316L na 316 hamwe n'ibipimo byabyo CF-8m na CF-3M, 316L gusa ni yo igomba gukoreshwa nk'icyuma cyuzuza, harimo na ER317LSi.
Hari 308L zishobora gusimbura 309L nk'icyuma cyuzuza kuko zidakenera molybdenum bitandukanye na 316L cyangwa 316L zisaba molybdenum bityo ntushobora gusimbuza 309 na 316.
Nkuko twabibonye haruguru, hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa electrode zihari. Buri imwe muri zo ifite imiterere itandukanye gato bityo ikaba ifite imiterere itandukanye gato kandi yihariye. Mu gihe cyo gukora akazi kose ko gusana no kubungabunga, hagomba kwitabwaho kugira ngo electrode zikoreshwa zibe zifite imiterere isabwa.
Ubwa mbere, menya ubwoko bw'icyuma ugiye gusana cyangwa gusana. Hanyuma ugomba guhitamo niba ukeneye electrode ikoreshwa muri rusange cyangwa electrode ifite imiterere yihariye. Umaze kubona aya makuru yose ushobora gutangira gushongesha, niba utabikoze ugakoresha electrode zitari zo, solder yawe ishobora kwangirika cyangwa ugatwika icyuma urimo gukorana na cyo.
Журнал Inganda & Ubwubatsi, строительство, автомобилестроение, аэрокосмическая техника, морская техника. Ikinyamakuru Manufacturing & Engineering, MEM mu magambo ahinnye, ni cyo kinyamakuru gikomeye mu Bwongereza cy’ubuhanga n’isoko ry’amakuru y’inganda akubiyemo amakuru menshi atandukanye mu nganda nko gukora amasezerano, gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D, ubwubatsi n’ubw’ubwubatsi, imodoka, iby’indege, n’iby’amazi., Ubwubatsi bwa gari ya moshi, igishushanyo mbonera cy'inganda, CAD n'igishushanyo mbonera cy'ibishushanyo mbonera.