Kugira abayobozi n'abakozi bakomeye badatinya gukoresha uburyo bwo gusudira ni ingenzi kugira ngo ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'akagari ka roboti gasukura neza. Getty Images
Ihuriro ryanyu ryabaruye amakuru maze ribona ko uburyo bwonyine bwo gukora akazi kenshi ubu no gukomeza guhangana n'udushya ari ugukoresha uburyo bwo gusudira cyangwa gukora ibintu mu buryo bwikora. Ariko, iri vugurura rikomeye rishobora kuba ritoroshye nkuko bigaragara.
Iyo nsuye abakiriya bato, baciriritse n'abanini bashaka ko ikoranabuhanga ribafasha kugereranya sisitemu no guhitamo iryo bakeneye, ngaragaza ikintu gikunze kwirengagizwa mu gihe cyo gufata icyemezo cy'igihe cyo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga—ikintu cy'umuntu. Kugira ngo ikigo cyungukire by'ukuri ku nyungu z'imikorere myiza zizanwa no guhinduka mu bikorwa byikora, amakipe agomba gusobanukirwa neza uruhare rwayo muri icyo gikorwa.
Abafite impungenge ko ikoranabuhanga rizatuma akazi kabo kadakora neza bashobora gutinda gufata ibyemezo byo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga. Ariko, ukuri ni uko ikoranabuhanga risaba ubuhanga bwo gusudira bukenewe cyane ku bakozi b'abahanga. Ikoranabuhanga rinatanga imirimo mishya kandi irambye, ritanga amahirwe yo gukura ku basudira benshi b'abahanga biteguye gutera imbere mu mwuga wabo.
Kugira ngo ibikorwa byikora bihuzwe neza bisaba impinduka mu myumvire yacu ku bijyanye n’imikorere y’ikoranabuhanga. Urugero, robots si ibikoresho bishya gusa, ahubwo ni uburyo bushya bwo gukora. Kugira ngo imikorere y’ikoranabuhanga igire akamaro kanini, iduka ryose rigomba kumenyera impinduka zizanwa no kongera robots mu mikorere isanzwe.
Mbere yo kwinjira mu buryo bwikora, dore intambwe ushobora gutera kugira ngo ubone abantu bakwiriye akazi mu gihe kizaza kandi utegure itsinda ryawe gucunga no guhuza n'impinduka muri icyo gikorwa.
Niba urimo gutekereza ku buryo bwikora, ugomba no gutekereza ku buryo iyi mpinduka mu mirimo izagira ingaruka ku bakozi basanzwe bakora mu iduka. Ikintu cy'ingenzi abakozi b'abanyabwenge bagomba kwitondera ni uko uburyo bwo gusudira bukoresha ikoranabuhanga busaba ko abantu baba bahari. Mu by'ukuri, uburyo bwiza bwo gusudira bukoresha ikoranabuhanga ni igihe umushoferi ashobora kuba nyir'uburyo, akagira ubumenyi buhagije ku bijyanye no gusudira, kandi akagira icyizere n'ubushobozi bwo gukorana n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho.
Niba icyerekezo cyawe cy’ibikorwa byikora kigamije gukora ibintu byihuta no kugabanya ikiguzi kuva mu ntangiriro, ugomba kubanza gusobanukirwa neza ibintu byose bitwara ikiguzi. Abakiriya benshi bibanda gusa ku muvuduko aho kwibanda ku bwiza n’umutekano wa solder, kandi twasanze ibi akenshi ari ikintu gikomeye mu biciro byihishe bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibare yawe ya ROI.
Ku bijyanye n'ubwiza bw'ubucukuzi, ugomba kugenzura neza ko uburyo ukora butanga ingano ikwiye y'ubucukuzi n'uburyo bukenewe bwo kwinjiramo, ndetse n'imiterere ikwiye. Nanone, ntihagomba kubaho ubucukuzi buvanze, gukata, guhindagurika cyangwa gushya.
Abasudira b'inararibonye ni abakoresha neza utunyangingo tw'amashanyarazi kuko bazi icyo gusudira neza ari cyo kandi bashobora gukemura ibibazo by'ubuziranenge iyo bivutse. Roboti isudira gusa ibyo yagenewe gukora.
Mu rwego rw'umutekano, ugomba gutekereza ku gukuramo umwotsi. Reba kandi ko ingamba zawe z'umutekano zigezweho kugira ngo wirinde ko habaho gushyuha cyane no gushyuha cyane. Ingaruka mbi zijyanye no gukoresha ibikoresho n'ibindi bikorwa by'inganda nazo zigomba kwitabwaho.
Ikoranabuhanga rikunze gutuma habaho ubuziranenge buhamye bwo gusudira kandi rikuraho impungenge zimwe na zimwe z’umutekano kuko abakozi batagira uruhare na ruto muri iki gikorwa. Iyo wibanda ku bwiza n’umutekano byo gusudira, ushobora kwizera ko umusaruro uzihuta.
Mu gihe udushya mu ikoranabuhanga dukomeje kunoza imikorere yacu, ni ngombwa guhindura uburyo dukora kugira ngo dukomeze guhangana ku isi. Nanone, ni ngombwa kuvugurura uburyo usobanura impano mu kazi kawe.
Reba hirya no hino mu iduka. Ese wigeze ubona umuntu ufite telefoni nshya cyangwa wumvise umuntu avugana n'inshuti ze ku mikino ya videwo? Hari umuntu wishimiye sisitemu nshya yo kuyobora cyangwa imiterere y'ikamyo? Nubwo abantu bavugwa muri ibi biganiro batigeze bakoresha robo, bashobora kuba amahitamo meza yo gukoresha sisitemu yo gusudira yikora.
Kugira ngo ubone abantu bakomeye mu ikipe yawe bashobora kuba inzobere mu by’ikoranabuhanga ry’imbere mu kazi, shaka abantu beza bafite imiterere, ubuhanga n’imico ikurikira:
Menya uburyo bwo gusudira. Ibibazo byinshi cyangwa impungenge z'ikigo ku ireme ry'ibicuruzwa akenshi bituruka ku bibazo byo gusudira. Kugira umusudi w'inzobere mu gusudira bifasha kwihutisha igikorwa.
Ifunguye kwiga uburyo bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rishya. Umuntu ushobora gukora akazi kandi ufite ubushake bwo kwiga ni ikimenyetso cy'uko ibintu bigenda neza mu gihe udushya dukomeje.
Umuntu ufite uburambe mu gukoresha mudasobwa. Ubuhanga busanzwe mu gukoresha mudasobwa ni umusingi ukomeye wo guhugura no gukoresha robo.
Hindura inzira n'uburyo bushya bwo gukora. Ese wabonye ko abantu bashyira mu bikorwa inzira nshya ku bushake haba ku kazi no hanze yako? Ubu bwiza bufasha mu gutuma igikoresho cyo gusudira kigendanwa kigera ku ntsinzi.
Icyifuzo n'ibyishimo byo gutunga igikoresho. Robots ni igikoresho gishya gishimishije gifite ibintu byinshi byo kwiga no kumenya. Kuri bamwe, siyansi isa n'aho ari karemano, ariko ku bantu bafitanye isano rya hafi n'uturemangingo twa robots, ni ngombwa cyane kuba umuntu uhindura ibintu, uhuza n'imimerere, kandi wigishwa.
Mbere yo gushyiraho akazu ko gusudira ku iduka ry’uruganda, ubuyobozi bugomba gushyiramo itsinda ry’inganda muri uwo mushinga no gushaka abayobozi bashobora kuwusohoza neza.
Umuyobozi ukomeye ushobora guteza imbere impinduka. Abashinzwe ibikorwa bazungukira mu kwiga vuba no kumenya ibibazo bishobora kubaho mu gihe kirekire n'ibisubizo byabyo.
Gushyigikira abandi bakozi mu gihe cyose cy'impinduka. Kimwe mu nshingano z'umuyobozi ni ugushyigikira bagenzi be mu mpinduka zigana ku buryo bwikora.
Mugire umudendezo wo gushaka imirimo igoye cyane no guhangana n'ibibazo bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga rishya. Ba nyiri uburyo bwo gusudira bukoresha ikoranabuhanga bagomba kwigirira icyizere gihagije cyo kugerageza no gukora amakosa akenewe mu gihe ikigo cyanyu gikemura ibibazo byo gushyira mu bikorwa ikoranabuhanga rishya.
Niba udafite abagize itsinda ryawe biteguye kuba "abajyanama" b'iyo mishinga y'ikoranabuhanga, ushobora gutekereza guha akazi umuntu cyangwa gutinza ihinduka ry'ikoranabuhanga uhugura abakozi bawe basanzwe ubumenyi n'imigambi bikenewe kugira ngo umushinga ugende neza.
Nubwo guhinduka mu buryo bwikora ari amahirwe akomeye ku basudira bashaka kunoza ubumenyi bwabo, benshi mu basudira bahari ntibiteguye gukoresha robo zo gusudira, byaba ari ukubera ko batahuguwe muri ubu buryo bushya cyangwa se kuko batabonye andi mahugurwa y’amashuri ya tekiniki.
Ubusanzwe tubona injeniyeri, abagenzuzi cyangwa abayobozi bo hagati bashinzwe icyo gikorwa, ariko uruhare rw'abasudira bafite ubuhanga buhanitse ni ingenzi kuko ari ingenzi cyane mu kugerageza no guhuza neza n'imikorere ihinduka. Ikibabaje ni uko abasudira badafite umwanya cyangwa inkunga y'amafaranga yo gukora akazi k'inyongera cyangwa amahugurwa y'inyongera atari mu nshingano zabo zisanzwe.
Guhinduka ujya mu buryo bwikora bishobora kuba inzira igenda buhoro cyane isaba ko bamwe mu batangira gukoresha ikoranabuhanga hakiri kare (abafite amahirwe yo gutozwa kuba ingenzi mu mushinga) bafata iya mbere. Bafasha kandi gukomeza gahunda yo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga hamwe na bagenzi babo bakorana, ibi bikaba bishobora gutuma abandi bashishikazwa no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga nk'amahitamo y'umwuga.
Guhitamo umushinga ushaka gutangiza nabyo ni ingenzi kugira ngo ikipe yawe irusheho kwiyubaka neza. Abakiriya benshi bavuga ko bashaka gukora imirimo mito kandi yoroshye umushinga wabo wa mbere wo kwihutisha ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo bagorore uburyo bwo kwigira. Iyo ikipe yawe itangiye kwihutisha ikoranabuhanga, tekereza ko intego ya mbere yo kwihutisha ikoranabuhanga ari ukwihutisha ikoranabuhanga, atari ukwihutisha ikoranabuhanga.
Byongeye kandi, amahugurwa atangwa n'Umuryango w'Abanyamerika ushinzwe Gusudira hamwe n'ibigo byihariye bya roboti ni ingenzi kugira ngo ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'ikoranabuhanga rigende neza. Amahugurwa yimbitse atangwa na OEMs ni ingenzi ku bayobozi mu gushyira mu bikorwa modules zo gusudira zikoresha ikoranabuhanga. Muri urwo rwego, abashoferi b'umushinga bashobora gukurikirana no gukemura ibibazo byihariye by'ibikoresho bishobora kubuza impinduka nziza. Hanyuma umushoferi ashobora gusangira ubumenyi yabonye mu mahugurwa n'itsinda ryose kugira ngo buri wese asobanukirwe neza roboti.
Umufatanyabikorwa mwiza w’umucuruzi ufite uburambe mu gushyiraho ibikoresho bitandukanye byikora ashobora gutanga ubufasha bw’ingenzi mu gihe cyose cy’impinduka. Abakwirakwiza ibikoresho bafite amakipe akomeye ya serivisi bashobora kugufasha mu gihe cyo gutangira gukora no kubungabunga mu gihe cyose cy’ubuzima bwikora.
Bill Farmer ni Umuyobozi w’Igihugu ushinzwe Kugurisha Airgas, Air Liquide Co., Advanced Manufacturing Group, 259 N. Radnor-Chester Road, Radnor, PA 19087, 855-625-5285, airgas.com.
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