Chiziviso cheMupepeti: Pharmaceutical Online inofara kupa chinyorwa ichi chine zvikamu zvina pamusoro pe orbital welding ye bioprocess piping nenyanzvi yeindasitiri Barbara Henon weArc Machines.Chinyorwa ichi chakatorwa kubva kumharidzo yaDr. Henon pamusangano weASME kupera kwegore rapfuura.
Dzivirira kurasikirwa kwekusagadzikana kwegora.Mvura yakachena yakadai seDI kana WFI inotyisa zvikuru yesimbi isina tsvina.Kuwedzera, giredhi yemishonga WFI inofambiswa pamhepo inopisa (80°C) kuchengetedza sterility.Pane musiyano usingaoneki pakati pekudzikisa tembiricha zvakakwana kuti zvitsigire zvipenyu zvinokurudzira zvinouraya kune chigadzirwa. kuumbwa kwakasiyana-siyana kunokonzerwa nekuora kwesimbi isina tsvina yepiping system components.Dirt uye iron oxides inogona kunge iri zvikamu zvikuru, asi maitiro akasiyana-siyana esimbi, chromium uye nickel anogonawo kuvapo.Kuvapo kwe rouge kunouraya kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa uye kuvapo kwayo kunogona kutungamirira kukuwedzera kuparara, kunyange zvazvo kuvapo kwayo mune mamwe maitiro kunoratidzika kunge kwakashata.
Welding inogona kukanganisa corrosion resistance.Kupisa ruvara ndiko kunokonzerwa ne oxidizing material yakaiswa pa welds neHAZs panguva yewelding, inonyanya kukuvadza, uye inobatanidzwa nekuumbwa kwe rouge mumishonga yemvura system.Chromium oxide formation inogona kukonzera tint inopisa, ichisiya shure kwechromium-susrosion layer inobviswa. uye kukuya, kubvisa simbi kubva pamusoro, kusanganisira pasi chromium-yakapera layer, uye kudzorera kuonda kuramba kune mazinga ari pedyo nenheyo yesimbi mazinga.Zvisinei, pickling uye kugaya zvinokanganisa kupedzisa kwepamusoro.Passivation yepiping system ne nitric acid kana chelating agent formulations inoitwa kuti ikunde kukanganisa kwakashata kusati kwaitwa welding system. passivation inogona kudzorera kuchinja kwepamusoro mukuparadzirwa kweokisijeni, chromium, iron, nickel uye manganese zvakaitika mu weld uye kupisa kwakakanganiswa nzvimbo kune pre-weld state.Zvisinei, passivation inongobata kunze kwepamusoro pedenga uye haipindi pasi pe50 angstroms, nepo kupisa kwemavara kunogona kuwedzera 1000 pasi pe angstroms kana kupfuura.
Nokudaro, kuitira kuti uise mapiping systems e-corrosion-resistant padyo ne-welded substrates, zvakakosha kuedza kudzikamisa welding nekugadzira-induced kukuvadza kune mazinga anogona kudzorerwa zvakanyanya kuburikidza ne passivation. welding kunokoshawo kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwekushongedzwa kwemarara.Kudzora nzira yekugadzira kuti iwane inodzokororwa uye inopindirana yepamusoro-soro welds, pamwe nekunyatsobata kwepaipi yesimbi isina tsvina uye zvikamu panguva yekugadzira kudzivirira kusvibiswa, zvinodiwa zvakakosha zvemhando yepamusoro yepiping system inopesana nekuora uye inopa basa rinoita kwenguva refu.
Zvishandiso zvakashandiswa mukuchena kwepamusoro-soro biopharmaceutical stainless simbi pombi masisitimu zvakave nekushanduka-shanduka kusvika kune yakagadziridzwa kusaonda mukati memakore gumi apfuura. Simbi isina tsvina yakawanda yakashandiswa pamberi pe1980 yaive 304 simbi isina tsvina nekuti yaive isingadhure uye kuvandudzwa pamusoro pemhangura yakamboshandiswa. corrosion resistance, uye haidi yakakosha preheat uye post kupisa kurapwa.
Munguva ichangopfuura, kushandiswa kwe316 simbi isina tsvina mu-high-purity piping applications kwave kuri kuwedzera.Type 316 yakafanana mukugadzirwa kweRudzi 304, asi kuwedzera kune chromium uye nickel alloying zvinhu zvinowanzoonekwa kune zvose zviri zviviri, 316 ine inenge 2% molybdenum, iyo inovandudza zvakanyanya 316sion 316's inonzi 316L uye 6L Type corrosion 316L. kusvika se "L" makiredhi, ane carbon content yakaderera pane standard grade (0.035% vs. 0.08%).Uku kuderedzwa kwekabhoni yemukati kunoitirwa kuderedza kuwanda kwecarbide precipitation inogona kuitika nekuda kwewelding.Uku ndiko kuumbwa kwechromium carbide, iyo inopedza miganhu yezviyo zvechromium baseceptible, zvichiita kuti carbide iite simbi. kunonzi "sensitization," inguva uye tembiricha zvinoenderana uye idambudziko rakakura kana ruoko soldering.Takaratidza kuti orbital welding of super-austenitic stainless steel AL-6XN inopa mamwe mawelds asingagadzike kupfuura maweld akafanana anoitwa nemaoko.Izvi imhaka yekuti orbital welding inopa kutonga kwakaringana kweamperage, pulsation uye welding inodzika neinodziisa musanganiswa wekupisa, kana kuti welding yakaderera mukupisa nguva, kana welding yakaderera. "L" giredhi 304 uye 316 inobvisa zvachose kunaya kwecarbide sechinhu mukuvandudza kwekuora mumapombi masisitimu.
Heat-to-heat kusiyana kwesimbi isina tsvina.Kunyangwe maparamendi ewelding nezvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuchengetedzwa mukati mekushivirira kwakasimba, kuchine misiyano mukupisa kunodiwa kuti weld stainless simbi kubva pakupisa kusvika pakupisa.Nhamba yekupisa ndiyo nhamba yemujenya inopihwa kune chaiyo stainless simbi yakanyungudutswa pafekitori nhamba.Simbi yakachena inonyunguduka pa 1538 ° C (2800 ° F), apo simbi yakasanganiswa inonyunguduka mukati memhando yetembiricha, zvichienderana nerudzi uye kusungirirwa kwealloy imwe neimwe kana trace element iripo.Sezvo pasina kupisa kuviri kwesimbi isina tsvina kuchange kuine kunyatsoenderana kwakafanana kwechinhu chimwe nechimwe, welding maitiro achasiyana kubva muchoto kuenda kuchoto.
SEM ye316L pombi orbital welds paAOD pombi (pamusoro) uye EBR zvinhu (pazasi) yakaratidza mutsauko wakakura mukutsvedzereka kweweld bead.
Kunyange zvazvo imwe nzira yekugadzira moto inogona kushanda kune kupisa kwakawanda neOD yakafanana uye rusvingo rwemadziro, mamwe kupisa anoda zvishoma amperage uye mamwe anoda amperage akakwirira kupfuura akajairika.Nechikonzero ichi, kupisa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana panzvimbo yebasa kunofanira kunyatsoongororwa kuti zvidzivirire zvinetso zvinogona kuitika.
Sulfur problem.Elemental sulfur is an iron ore-related tsvina iyo inonyanya kubviswa panguva yekugadzira simbi.AISI Type 304 uye 316 Stainless steels inotsanangurwa ine huwandu hwesarufa inokwana 0.030%.Nekuvandudzwa kwemaitiro emazuva ano ekunatsa simbi, seArgon Oxygen Decarburization (AcuOD) yakadai seMelcum Induction (AcuOD) uye Melcuum Decarburization inoteverwa neVacuum Arc Remelting (VIM + VAR), zvave zvichiita kubudisa simbi dzinonyanya kukosha nenzira dzinotevera.their chemical composition.Zvakacherechedzwa kuti zvinhu zveweld pool inoshanduka kana sulfur yemukati yesimbi iri pasi pe 0.008%.Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuita kwesarufa uye kusvika pamwero muduku zvimwe zvinhu pane tembiricha yemvura inoyerera, iyo inoyerera yemvura inoyerera yemvura inoyerera yemvura inoyerera yemvura inoyerera yemvura inoyerera. dziva.
Pane yakaderera sarufa concentrations (0.001% - 0.003%), kupinda mukati weld puddle inova yakakura zvikuru kana ichienzaniswa neyakafanana welds yakagadzirwa nepakati sulfur content materials.Welds inogadzirwa pa low sarufa stainless simbi pombi ichava nehupamhi welds, nepo pamadziro hobvu pombi (0.065 inches, kana 1.065 inches, kana 1.66 mamirimita mukuru) kuchaita retendency kuti tiwedzere. welding.Apo welding current inokwana kugadzira weld yakapinda zvizere.Izvi zvinoita kuti zvinhu zvine sarufa zviome zvakanyanya kusveta, kunyanya nemadziro akasimba.Pamusoro wepamusoro we sulfur concentration mu304 kana 316 stainless steel, weld bead inoita kunge isina fluid muchimiro uye rougher than medium sulfur content.Saka zvingava zve sulfur range zvinhu. 0.005% kusvika 0.017%, sezvakatsanangurwa muASTM A270 S2 yemishonga yemhando yechubhu.
Vagadziri vepombi yesimbi isina tsvina yemagetsi vakaona kuti kunyangwe mwero wepakati wesarufa mu316 kana 316L simbi isina tsvina inoita kuti zviome kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nevatengi vavo semiconductor uye biopharmaceutical yemukati yakatsetseka, isina gomba.Kushandiswa kwe scanning electron microscopy kuona kutsvedzereka kwechubhu sulfure-kupedzwa kwesimbi kwave kuchiwedzera kuoneka muchimiro chesimbi. inclusions kana manganese sulfide (MnS) "stringers" inobviswa panguva ye electropolishing uye inosiya voids mu 0.25-1.0 micron range.
Vagadziri nevatengesi vemachubhu emagetsi vari kutyaira musika wakanangana nekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakaderera-sarufa kuti zvizadzise zvavanoda.Zvisinei, dambudziko haringogumiri kumachubhu emagetsi emagetsi, semachubhu asina-electropolished machubhu anobviswa panguva yekupfuura kwepiping system.Voids zvakaratidzwa kuve zvakanyanya kukonzeresa. "cleaner" zvinhu.
Arc deflection.Kuwedzera pakuvandudza weldability yesimbi isina tsvina, kuvapo kweimwe sarufa kunovandudza machinability.Nekuda kweizvozvo, vagadziri nevagadziri vanowanzosarudza zvinhu pamucheto wepamusoro weiyo yakatsanangurwa sulfur content range.Welding tubing with very low salfur concentrations to fittings, valves or other tubing with high sulfur content because the welding welding sulfur contents kugutsikana.Kana arc deflection ikaitika, kupinda kunova kwakadzika kune yakaderera-sarufa parutivi pane yakakwira-sarufa divi, izvo zvinopesana nezvinoitika kana welding mapaipi ane matching sulfur concentrations.Muzviitiko zvakanyanyisa, weld bead inogona kupindira zvachose pasi-sarufa zvinhu uye kusiya mukati meweld isina kubviswa zvachose (Fihey orderur 1 uye Simeneau, In the Simeneau, In the Simeneau). kune sarufa yemukati wepombi, Carpenter Steel Division yeCar-penter Technology Corporation yePennsylvania yakaunza sarufa yakaderera (0.005% max) 316 bar stock (Type 316L-SCQ) (VIM+VAR)) yekugadzira mafittings uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakagadzirirwa kusungirirwa kune yakaderera sarufa pombi kune yakaderera sarufa pombi kune imwe neimwe yakaderera mapombi esarufa. zvinhu kune imwe sarufa yakakwirira.
Kuchinja kune kushandiswa kwemachubhu e-low-sulfur kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekudiwa kwekuwana yakatsetseka electropolished mukati mechubhu nzvimbo.Kunyange kupedzisa kwepamusoro uye electropolishing zvakakosha kune zvose semiconductor industry uye biotech / pharmaceutical industry, SEMI, pakunyora semiconductor industry tsanangudzo, yakataurwa kuti 316L tubing ye process gas optimum lines ends.ASTM, kune rumwe rutivi, yakagadzirisa maitiro avo eASTM 270 kuti asanganise pharmaceutical-grade tubing iyo inogadzirisa sulfur content kusvika ku0.005 kusvika 0.017%.Izvi zvinofanira kukonzera matambudziko mashoma ekuputira zvichienzaniswa nesarufa yakaderera. kana fittings, uye installers vanofanira kunyatsoongorora kudziyisa zvinhu uye tarisa pamberi kugadzirwa Solder kugarisana pakati kudziyisa.Kugadzirwa welds.
zvimwe zvinhu zvekutevera.Tsvaga zvinhu zvinosanganisira sarufa, okisijeni, aluminium, silicon uye manganese zvakawanikwa zvichikanganisa kupinza.Tsvaga huwandu hwealuminium, silicon, calcium, titanium uye chromium iripo musimbi yepasi se oxide inclusions inosanganiswa nekuumbwa kwe slag panguva yewelding.
Migumisiro yezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana inowedzerwa, saka kuvapo kweokisijeni kunogona kukanganisa mamwe emigumisiro yakaderera yesarufa.Mazinga akakwirira ealuminium anogona kurwisana nemigumisiro yakanaka pakupinda kwesarufa.Manganese inoputika pakupisa kwekushisa uye inoisa munzvimbo inokonzerwa nemoto welding.Idzi manganese deposits dzinobatanidzwa nekurasikirwa kwekuora kwemhepo, semiconduh yekuedza ikozvino. yakaderera manganese uye kunyange ultra-yakaderera manganese 316L zvinhu kudzivirira uku kurasikirwa kwekupokana.
Slag formation.Slag zvitsuwa dzimwe nguva zvinoonekwa pane Stainless simbi bead kune mamwe heats.Iyi inongova nyaya yezvinhu, asi dzimwe nguva shanduko yewelding parameters inogona kuderedza izvi, kana kuchinja kweargon / hydrogen musanganiswa kunogona kuvandudza weld.Pollard akawana kuti reshiyo yealuminium kune silicon munheyo yesimbi inokanganisa kuumbwa kwe slag.Kudzivirira kuumbwa kwe-slag. aluminium content pa 0.010% uye silicon content pa 0.5%.Zvisinei, kana Al / Si chiyero chiri pamusoro pezinga iri, spherical slag inogona kuumba pane plaque type.Iyi rudzi rwe slag runogona kusiya makomba mushure me electropolishing, iyo isingagamuchirwi kune-high-purity applications.Zvitsuwa zveSlag izvo zvinoumba paOD inogona kukonzera kusaenzana kwechigumisiro chekupfuura uye cheldnet chigumisiro chinogona kukonzera kusaenzana kwe ID. kupinza.Zvitsuwa zveslag zvinoumba paID weld bead zvinogona kuita ngura.
Single-run weld with pulsation.Standard automatic orbital tube welding is a single pass weld with pulsed current and continuous constant speed rotation.Iyi nzira inokodzera pombi ine madhayamita ekunze kubva ku1/8 "kusvika anenge 7" uye masvingo emadziro e0.083" uye pasi umo arcing iripo asi hapana kutenderera kunoitika.Mushure meiyi kunonoka kutenderera, electrode inotenderera yakapoteredza weld joint kusvikira weld yabatana kana kupindirana chikamu chekutanga che weld panguva yekupedzisira ye welding.Kana kubatanidzwa kwapera, ikozvino inoputika mukudonha kwenguva.
Step mode ("synchronized" welding) .Nekuda kwekubatanidza welding yezvakakora madziro emidziyo, kazhinji yakakura kupfuura 0.083 inch, iyo fusion welding simba sosi inogona kushandiswa musynchronous kana nhanho modhi.In synchronous kana nhanho modhi, iyo welding yemazuva ano pulse inowiriraniswa nesitiroko, saka rotor inomira kune yakanyanya kupinda mukati uye Sync pulse inofamba panguva yakakwira pulse ikozvino. pulse times, on the order of 0.5 to 1.5 seconds, zvichienzaniswa nechegumi kana zana yechipiri pulse time for the common welding.Iyi nzira inogona zvinobudirira weld 0.154 ″ kana 6″ gobvu 40 geji 40 nhete madziro pombi ine 0.154 ″ kana 6 ″ ″peded madziro anobatsira kuburitsa madziro akafara. welding zvidimbu zvisina kujairika senge pombi fittings kune pombi uko panogona kunge kune misiyano mukushivirira kwedimensional, kumwe kusarongeka kana Material thermal kusapindirana.Iyi mhando yewelding inoda kanenge kaviri nguva yearc yeyakajairwa welding uye haina kukodzera kune ultra-high-purity (UHP) application nekuda kwehupamhi, rougher seam.
Chizvarwa chemazuva ano chemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi ane microprocessor-based uye zvirongwa zvezvitoro zvinotsanangura nhamba dzematanho ekushongedza kweiyo dhayamita chaiyo (OD) uye kukora kwemadziro epombi kuti isungirwe, kusanganisira nguva yekuchenesa, welding ikozvino, kumhanya kwekufamba (RPM)), nhamba yezvikamu uye nguva pachikamu, nguva yekupuruzira, nguva yekudzika, nezvimwewo. kukurumidza, torch oscillation amplitude uye nguva yekugara, AVC (arc voltage control kuti ipe nguva dzose arc gap), uye upslope.Kuita fusion welding, isa musoro welding ne electrode yakakodzera uye pipe clamp inoisa papombi uye yeuka purogiramu yewelding kana purogiramu kubva kune simba rekuyeuka.
Non-programmable variables.Kuwana zvinogara zvakanaka weld quality, iyo welding parameters inofanira kunyatsodzorwa.Izvi zvinowanikwa kuburikidza nekururama kwesimba remagetsi emagetsi uye purogiramu yekugadzira, inova seti yemirayiridzo inopinda mumagetsi emagetsi, inosanganisira welding parameters, ye welding saizi chaiyo yepombi kana pipe. hurongwa hwekuita kuti kuve nechokwadi kuti welding inosangana nezvinodiwa zvakabvumiranwa.Zvisinei, zvimwe zvinhu uye nzira kunze kweiyo welding parameters dzinofanirawo kunyatsodzorwa.Zvinhu izvi zvinosanganisira kushandiswa kwegadziriro yakanaka yekupedzisira, kuchenesa uye kubata maitiro, yakanaka dimensional tolerances yetubing kana zvimwe zvikamu zviri welded, inopindirana tungsten mhando uye ukuru, kusiyana kwakanyanya kucheneswa inert magasi, uye kutarisisa kutarisisa kwemagasi anert.
The gadziriro zvinodiwa pombi kuguma nomoto zvinonyanya kukosha nokuda orbital welding pane manual welding.Welded joints for orbital pombi welding inowanzoita square butt joints.Kuti uwane repeatability inodiwa mu orbital welding, chaiyo, inopindirana, yakagadzirwa nemagumo ekugadzirira kunodiwa.Sezvo iyo welding ikozvino inoenderana nemadziro emadziro, migumo inofanira kuva yakaenzana isina mabheji kana kuti ID yakasiyana-siyana (ID) ukobvu.
Iyo pombi inopera inofanira kupindirana pamwe chete mumusoro we weld kuitira kuti parege kuonekwa gaka pakati pemigumo yechikwere butt joint.Kunyange zvazvo welded majoini ane maburi maduku anogona kuitwa, weld quality inogona kukanganiswa zvakanyanya.Iyo gaka rakakura, rinowanzoita dambudziko.Kusangana kusina kunaka kunogona kuguma nekukundikana kwakakwana kwekutengesa.Pipe pipes uye kutarisana negeji imwe chete yepombi kana kutarisana neGeorge Fimbi inopera. inotakurika magumo ekugadzirira lathes seaya akagadzirwa neProtem, Wachs, uye nevamwe, anowanzo shandiswa kugadzira yakatsetseka magumo orbital welds akakodzera machining .Chop masaha, hacksaws, bhendi masaha uye tubing cutters hazvina kukodzera chinangwa ichi.
Kuwedzera kune welding parameters iyo inopinza simba rekuisa weld, kune zvimwe zvinosiyana zvinogona kuita zvakadzama pawelding, asi hazvisi chikamu cheiyo chaiyo welding process.Izvi zvinosanganisira mhando uye saizi ye tungsten, rudzi uye kuchena kwegasi rinoshandiswa kudzivirira arc uye kuchenesa mukati meiyo weld joint, iyo gasi flow flow rate inoshandiswa kuchenesa musoro uye kusimuka kwemhando ipi neipi yakashandiswa kuchenesa uye kusimuka kwesimba remhando ipi neipi. ruzivo.Tinodaidza izvi "zvisiri-programmable" zvinoshanduka uye tinozvinyora pane welding schedule.Somuenzaniso, rudzi rwegasi runoonekwa sechinhu chakakosha muWelding Procedure Specification (WPS) yemaitiro ekugadzira welding kuti aenderane neASME Section IX Boiler uye Pressure Vessel Code.Kuchinja mumhando yegesi kana gasi musanganiswa wezvikamu, kana kuti kubviswa kwekugadzirisa ID yekuchenesa.
welding gas.Stainless steel inopesana neatmospheric oxygen oxidation pane imwe tembiricha.Kana inopisa kusvika pakunyunguduka kwayo (1530 ° C kana 2800 ° F yesimbi yakachena) inogadziriswa nyore nyore.Inert argon inonyanya kushandiswa sechivharo chekudzivirira uye chekuchenesa mukati welded majoini ehukama kuburikidza nekunyorova kweGTA uye gabital process. kuwanda kwe-oxidation-induced discoloration inoitika kana padyo ne weld mushure me welding.Kana iyo yekuchenesa gasi isiri yemhando yepamusoro kana kana iyo purge system isati yanyura zvachose yakasununguka zvekuti mhepo shoma inopinda mu purge system, iyo oxidation inogona kunge yakareruka teal kana bluish.Chokwadi, hapana kuchenesa kuchaguma neiyo crusty inonzi "blacksweet" ganda rinozivikanwa se "blacksweet". mumasilinda ndeye 99.996-99.997% yakachena, zvichienderana nemutengesi, uye ine 5-7 ppm yeokisijeni uye mamwe matsvina, kusanganisira H2O, O2, CO2, hydrocarbons, nezvimwewo, nokuda kwehuwandu hwe40 ppm yakawanda.Kuchena-kuchena argon mu cylinder mu 9 cylinder kana 9 9 9 Dewargon yakachena. ppm tsvina yose, ine huwandu hwe2 ppm okisijeni. CHERECHEDZA: Zvinatsi zvegesi zvakadai seNanochem kana Muchengeti weGedhi zvinogona kushandiswa panguva yekuchenesa kuderedza mazinga ekusvibiswa kune zvikamu zvebhiriyoni (ppb).
Musanganiswa wemagasi akadai se75% helium/25% argon uye 95% argon/5% hydrogen inogona kushandiswa semagasi ekudzivirira kune mamwe maapplications.Misanganiswa miviri yakagadzira mawelds anopisa kupfuura ayo akaitwa pasi pezvirongwa zvakafanana zvechirongwa seargon.Helium misanganiswa inonyanya kukodzera kupinda kwakanyanya kuburikidza nefusion welding pacarbononductor indasitiri yemagetsi ehydrogen consultant. misanganiswa sekudzivirira magasi eUHP applications.Hydrogen misanganiswa ine zvakati wandei zvakanakira, asiwo zvimwe zvakakomba disadvantages.Zvakanakira ndezvokuti inoburitsa dhaka rakanyorova uye rakapfava weld pamusoro, iro rakanakira kuita Ultra-high pressure gas delivery systems ine inotsvedzerera pamusoro pemukati sezvinobvira.Kuvapo kwehydrogen kunopa mhepo inoderedza mhepo ine okisijeni, saka mhedzisiro yemhepo inoyerera ine okisijeni ichave iripo kuderera kuduku kudarika kusanganiswa kweokisijeni yakafanana mu argon yakachena.Ichi chiitiko chakanaka pane inenge 5% hydrogen content.Vamwe vanoshandisa 95 / 5% argon / hydrogen musanganiswa seAID purge kuvandudza kuonekwa kwemukati weld bead.
Weld bead uchishandisa musanganiswa wehydrogen sezvo gasi rinodzivirira rakatetepa, kunze kwekuti simbi isina tsvina ine sarufa yakadzikira uye inoburitsa kupisa kwakawanda muweld kupfuura kumwechete kwazvino kugadzika neargon isina kusanganiswa. Chinhu chakakosha che argon/hydrogen misanganiswa ndechekuti arc haina kugadzikana zvakanyanya pane yakachena argon, uye kune kudonhedza kwakanyanya, uye kune kudonhedza kwakanyanya. misfusion.Arc drift inogona kunyangarika kana gasi rakasanganiswa rakasiyana rikashandiswa, zvichiratidza kuti rinogona kukonzerwa nekusvibiswa kana kusasanganiswa zvakanaka.Nekuda kwekuti kupisa kunoitwa nearc kunosiyana nekuwanda kwehydrogen, kugara uchiisa pfungwa kunokosha kuti uwane mawelds anodzokororwa, uye pane misiyano mugasi remubhodhoro rakasanganiswa. nekuda kwekuparara kwetungsten kubva kune yakasanganiswa gasi haisati yaonekwa, yakashumwa kuti arc yakanyanya kuoma uye tungsten ingada kuchinjwa mushure meimwe kana maviri welds.Misanganiswa yeArgon / hydrogen haigoni kushandiswa kugadzira carbon steel kana titanium.
Chinhu chinosiyanisa cheTIG process ndechekuti haipedzi maelectrode.Tungsten ine nzvimbo yakanyanyisa kunyungudika chero ipi zvayo yesimbi (6098 ° F; 3370 ° C) uye yakanaka electron emitter, ichiita kuti inonyanya kukodzera kushandiswa se electrode isingadyi.Zvinhu zvayo zvinovandudzwa nekuwedzera 2% yezvimwe zvisingawanzoitiki pasi oxides zvakadai se lanum torc oxide kana kuti thorc oxide oxide kana kuvandudza thorc oxide. kugadzikana.Tungsten yakachena haiwanzo shandiswa muGTAW nekuda kwehukuru hwecerium tungsten, kunyanya kune orbital GTAW application.
Electrodes ine polish finish is more uniform in size.A smooth surface is always preferable to rough or inconsistent surface, as consistency in electrode geometry yakakosha for consistant, uniform welding results.Electrons akabudiswa kubva kumuromo (DCEN) kutamisa kupisa kubva ku tungsten tip kusvika kune weld.A finer tip inobvumira iyo yazvino high density kuti irambe iine hupenyu hupfupi,Kuti tuhu hupfupi hunogona kuchengetedzwa. orbital welding, zvakakosha kuti mechanically kugaya electrode tip kuti ive nechokwadi repeatability of tungsten geometry uye weld repeatability.The blunt tip inomanikidza arc kubva weld kusvika panzvimbo imwe chete pane tungsten.The tip dhayamita inodzora chimiro che arc uye chiyero chekupinda pane imwe current.Iyo taper angle inokanganisa maitiro ezvino uye e-voltage yekutonga kunofanira kutaurwa. yakakosha nokuti hurefu hunozivikanwa hwe tungsten hunogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa arc gap.Arc gap yehuwandu hwemazuva ano hunogadzirisa magetsi uye nokudaro simba rinoshandiswa kune weld.
Saizi ye electrode uye dhayamita yaro yetipi inosarudzwa zvichienderana neiyo welding ikozvino intensity.Kana ikozvino yakanyanya kukwirisa kune electrode kana muromo wayo, inogona kurasikirwa nesimbi kubva kumuromo, uye kushandisa maelectrodes ane dhayamita yetipi yakakura kwazvo kune yazvino inogona kukonzera arc drift.Tinotsanangura electrode uye tip diameters nekukobvu kwemadziro kweiyo weld joint uye kushandisa 0.063 dhayamita kusvika dhayamita yese kusvika ″ ″ dhayamita kusvika ‑ 0635. kushandiswa kwakagadzirirwa kushandiswa ne 0.040 ″ dhayamita maelectrode ekushongedza madiki madiki akajeka Zvikamu.Nekudzokororwa kweiyo welding process, tungsten mhando uye kupera, kureba, taper angle, dhayamita, tip dhayamita uye arc gap zvinofanirwa kutsanangurwa uye kudzorwa.Kuitira kushandiswa kwechubhu welding, cerium tungsten inogara ichikurudzirwa nekuti rudzi urwu rune hupenyu hwakareba hwesevhisi kune mamwe marudzi e-tungrium uye ane hupenyu hwesevhisi hwakareba kupfuura mamwe marudzi e-igsten. isiri-radioactive.
Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko, tapota taura naBarbara Henon, Technical Publications Manager, Arc Machines, Inc., 10280 Glenoaks Blvd., Pacoima, CA 91331.Phone: 818-896-9556.Fax: 818-890-3724.