Katswiri wa ma bend Steve Benson amalumikizana ndi owerenga maimelo kuti ayankhe mafunso okhudza ma hemming ndi ma bend calculation. Getty Images
Ndimalandira maimelo ambiri mwezi uliwonse ndipo ndimafuna nditakhala ndi nthawi yoyankha onse. Koma tsoka ilo, palibe nthawi yokwanira patsiku yochitira zonse. Pa gawo la mwezi uno, ndalemba maimelo angapo omwe ndikutsimikiza kuti owerenga anga nthawi zonse adzawapeza othandiza. Pakadali pano, tiyeni tiyambe kukambirana za nkhani zokhudzana ndi kapangidwe kake.
Q: Ndikufuna kuyamba ndi kunena kuti mwalemba nkhani yabwino kwambiri. Ndapeza kuti ndi zothandiza kwambiri. Ndakhala ndikuvutika ndi vuto mu pulogalamu yathu ya CAD ndipo sindikupeza yankho. Ndikupangira kutalika kopanda kanthu kwa m'mphepete, koma pulogalamuyo nthawi zonse imawoneka kuti imafuna ndalama zowonjezera zopindika. Woyendetsa mabuleki athu anandiuza kuti ndisasiye ndalama zopindika pa m'mphepete, kotero ndinayika pulogalamu ya CAD pamlingo wocheperako wololedwa (0.008″) - koma ndinali nditatsalabe.
Mwachitsanzo, ndili ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 16-ga.304, kukula kwakunja ndi 2″ ndi 1.5″, 0.75″. Hem kumtunda. Oyendetsa mabuleki athu atsimikiza kuti gawo lopindika ndi mainchesi 0.117. Tikawonjezera gawo ndi hem, ndiye kuti tichotsa gawo lopindika (2 + 1.5 + 0.75 - 0.117), timapeza kutalika kwa stock kwa mainchesi 4.132. Komabe, kuwerengera kwanga kwandipatsa kutalika kochepa kopanda kanthu (ma mainchesi 4.018). Ndi zonsezi, kodi timawerengera bwanji malo opanda kanthu a flat for the hem?
A: Choyamba, tiyeni tifotokoze mawu ochepa. Mwatchula za bend allowance (BA) koma simunatchule za bend deduction (BD), ndaona kuti simunaphatikizepo BD pa ma bend apakati pa 2.0″ ndi 1.5″.aspect.
BA ndi BD ndi zosiyana ndipo sizingasinthidwe, koma ngati muzigwiritsa ntchito bwino, zonse zimakutengerani kumalo amodzi. BA ndi mtunda wozungulira radius womwe umayesedwa pa neutral axis. Kenako onjezerani nambalayo ku miyeso yanu yakunja kuti ikupatseni kutalika kopanda kanthu. BD imachotsedwa pa miyeso yonse ya workpiece, kupindika kamodzi pa kupindika kulikonse.
Chithunzi 1 chikuwonetsa kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi. Ingotsimikizirani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito yoyenera. Dziwani kuti mitengo ya BA ndi BD ingasiyane kuchokera pa kupindika kupita pa kupindika, kutengera ngodya yopindika ndi radius yomaliza yamkati.
Kuti muwone vuto lanu, mukugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 304 chokhuthala cha 0.060″ chokhala ndi kupindika kamodzi ndi miyeso yakunja ya 2.0 ndi 1.5″, ndi 0.75″. Mphepete mwa m'mphepete. Apanso, simunaphatikizepo zambiri zokhudza ngodya yopindika ndi radius yamkati yopindika, koma kuti ndikhale wosavuta ndinawerengera mpweya poganiza kuti mwapanga ngodya yopindika ya madigiri 90 pa mainchesi 0.472. Izi zimakupatsani 0.099 inchi. Utali wopindika woyandama, wowerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo la 20%. (Kuti mudziwe zambiri pa lamulo la 20%, mutha kuwona "Momwe Mungadziwire Molondola Utali Wopindika Wamkati wa Kupanga Mpweya" polemba mutuwo mu bokosi losakira la thefabricator.com.)
Ngati ndi mainchesi 0.062. Mpweya wozungulira umapinda zinthuzo ndi mainchesi opitilira 0.472. Mukatsegula, mumapeza mainchesi 0.099. Mukayandama mkati mwa radius yopindika, BA yanu iyenera kukhala mainchesi 0.141, kubwerera kwakunja kuyenera kukhala mainchesi 0.125, ndipo bend deduction (BD) iyenera kukhala mainchesi 0.107. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito BD iyi pama bend apakati pa mainchesi 1.5 ndi 2.0. (Mutha kupeza ma formula a BA ndi BD mu gawo langa lapitalo, kuphatikiza "Zoyambira Zogwiritsa Ntchito Ntchito Zopindika.")
Kenako, muyenera kuwerengera zomwe muyenera kuchotsa pa hem. Pansi pa mikhalidwe yabwino, chiŵerengero cha kuchotsera pa hem zathyathyathya kapena zotsekedwa (zipangizo zosakwana mainchesi 0.080 makulidwe) ndi 43% ya makulidwe a chinthucho. Pankhaniyi, mtengo wake uyenera kukhala mainchesi 0.0258. Pogwiritsa ntchito izi, muyenera kuwerengera mopanda kanthu:
Mainchesi 0.017. Kusiyana pakati pa mtengo wanu wopanda kanthu wa mainchesi 4.132 ndi wanga wa mainchesi 4.1145 kungafotokozedwe mosavuta chifukwa chakuti hemming imadalira kwambiri wogwiritsa ntchito. Ndikutanthauza chiyani? Chabwino, ngati wogwiritsa ntchito agunda gawo lophwanyika la njira yopindika molimbika, mupeza flange yayitali. Ngati wogwiritsa ntchito sagunda flange mwamphamvu mokwanira, flangeyo pamapeto pake idzafupika.
Q: Tili ndi njira yopindika yomwe timapangira mapepala achitsulo osiyanasiyana, kuyambira 20-ga. Yopanda banga mpaka 10-ga. Zinthu zophimbidwa kale. Tili ndi brake yosindikizira yokhala ndi chosinthira zida zokha, V-die yosinthika pansi ndi punch yodziyimira yokha pamwamba. Tsoka ilo, tinalakwitsa ndipo tinalamula punch yokhala ndi radius ya 0.063″.
Tikugwira ntchito kuti kutalika kwa flange yathu kukhale kofanana mu gawo loyamba. Zinanenedwa kuti pulogalamu yathu ya CAD inali kugwiritsa ntchito kuwerengera kolakwika, koma kampani yathu ya mapulogalamu inaona vutoli ndipo inati tili bwino. Kodi idzakhala pulogalamu ya makina opindika? Kapena tikuganizira mopitirira muyeso? Kodi ndi kusintha kwa BA wamba kapena kodi tingapeze punch yatsopano ndi 0.032″ stock.radius thandizo? Chidziwitso chilichonse kapena upangiri ungayamikiridwe kwambiri.
A: Ndiyankha kaye ndemanga yanu yokhudza kugula cholumikizira cholakwika cha punch radius. Popeza muli ndi mtundu wa makina, ndikuganiza kuti mukupanga mpweya. Izi zimandipangitsa kufunsa mafunso angapo. Choyamba, mukatumiza ntchitoyo ku shopu, kodi mumauza wogwiritsa ntchitoyo kuti kapangidwe kotsegulira gawolo kapangidwa pa chiyani? Zimapanga kusiyana kwakukulu.
Mukapanga gawo lopanda mpweya, radius yomaliza yamkati imapangidwa ngati peresenti ya kutseguka kwa nkhungu. Ili ndiye lamulo la 20% (onani funso loyamba kuti mudziwe zambiri). Kutseguka kwa die kumakhudza radius yokhota, yomwe imakhudzanso BA ndi BD. Chifukwa chake ngati kuwerengera kwanu kukuphatikizapo radius yosiyana yomwe ingatheke ya kutseguka kwa die kuposa yomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito pamakina, muli ndi vuto.
Tiyerekeze kuti makinawo akugwiritsa ntchito mulifupi wosiyana ndi womwe unakonzedwa. Pankhaniyi, makinawo adzapeza utali wosiyana wa mkati mwa denga kuposa womwe unakonzedwa, kusintha BA ndi BD, ndipo pamapeto pake kukula kwa gawolo.
Izi zikundibweretsa ku ndemanga yanu yokhudza radius yolakwika ya punch.0.063″ pokhapokha ngati mukuyesera kupeza radius yosiyana kapena yaying'ono yamkati yokhota. Radius iyenera kugwira ntchito bwino, ndichifukwa chake.
Yesani utali wa mkati wokhotakhota womwe mwapeza ndikutsimikiza kuti ukugwirizana ndi utali wa mkati wokhotakhota womwe wawerengedwa. Kodi utali wamkati wanu wokhotakhota ndi wolakwika? Zimatengera zomwe mukufuna kukwaniritsa. Utali wamkati wokhotakhota uyenera kukhala wofanana kapena wocheperapo kuposa utali wamkati wokhotakhota womwe ukuyandama. Ngati utali wamkati wokhotakhota uli waukulu kuposa utali wachilengedwe wokhotakhota womwe ukuyandama pa die open, gawolo lidzatenga utali wamkati wokhotakhota. Izi zidzasinthanso utali wamkati wokhotakhota ndi mitengo yomwe mudawerengera ya BA ndi BD.
Kumbali inayi, simukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito chozungulira chaching'ono kwambiri, chomwe chingathe kukulitsa kupindika ndikuyambitsa mavuto ena ambiri. (Kuti mudziwe zambiri pa izi, onani "Momwe Mungapewere Kutembenukira Kwakuthwa.")
Kupatula pa zinthu ziwirizi, kuponda mu mawonekedwe a mpweya si chinthu china koma gawo lokhazika ndipo sikukhudza BD ndi BA. Apanso, utali wozungulira umawonetsedwa ngati peresenti ya kutseguka kwa die, kuwerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo la 20%. Komanso, onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito mawu ndi zikhalidwe za BA ndi BD molondola, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 1.
Funso: Ndikuyesera kuwerengera mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ya mbali ya chida chopangira hemming kuti nditsimikizire kuti ogwiritsa ntchito athu ali otetezeka panthawi yopangira hemming. Kodi muli ndi malangizo aliwonse oti andithandize kupeza izi?
Yankho: Mphamvu ya mbali kapena kukankhira mbali ndi kovuta kuyeza ndi kuwerengera kuti ipangitse kuti mkombero wa brake yosindikizira ukhale wosalala ndipo nthawi zambiri sikofunikira. Ngozi yeniyeni ndi kudzaza brake yosindikizira ndi kuwononga nkhonya ndi bedi la makina. Ram ndi bedi zikagubuduzika zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chilichonse chipinde kwamuyaya.
Chithunzi 2. Ma thrust plates pa seti ya flattening dies amatsimikizira kuti zida zapamwamba ndi zapansi sizikuyenda mosiyanasiyana.
Buleki yosindikizira nthawi zambiri imatembenuka ikanyamula katundu ndipo imabwerera pamalo ake oyamba athyathyathya pamene katundu wachotsedwa. Koma kupitirira malire a katundu wa mabuleki kumatha kupindika zida za makina mpaka kufika poti sizibwerera pamalo athyathyathya. Izi zitha kuwononga buleki yosindikizira kwamuyaya. Chifukwa chake, onetsetsani kuti mwaganizira ntchito zanu zochepetsera matani. (Kuti mudziwe zambiri pa izi, mutha kuwona "Mizati 4 ya tonnage ya brake yosindikizira.")
Ngati flange yoti iphwanyidwe ndi yayitali mokwanira kuti iphwanyike, kupondereza kwa mbali kuyenera kukhala kochepa. Komabe, ngati muwona kuti kupondereza kwa mbali kukuwoneka kochulukirapo ndipo mukufuna kuchepetsa kuyenda ndi kupotoza kwa mod, mutha kuwonjezera ma thrust plates ku mod. Thrust plate ndi chidutswa chachitsulo chokhuthala chomwe chimawonjezeredwa ku chida chapansi, chomwe chimatambasuka kupitirira chida chapamwamba. Thrust plate imachepetsa zotsatira za kupondereza kwa mbali ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zida zapamwamba ndi zapansi sizisuntha mbali zosiyana (onani Chithunzi 2).
Monga ndidanenera kumayambiriro kwa nkhani ino, pali mafunso ambiri ndipo nthawi yoti ndiyankhe yonse ndi yochepa. Zikomo chifukwa cha kuleza mtima kwanu ngati mwanditumizira mafunso posachedwapa.
Mulimonsemo, lolani mafunso apitirize kubuka. Ndidzawayankha mwachangu momwe zingathere. Mpaka nthawi imeneyo, ndikukhulupirira kuti mayankho omwe ali pano athandiza omwe adafunsa funsoli ndi ena omwe akukumana ndi mavuto ofanana.
Dziwani zinsinsi zogwiritsira ntchito press brake mu msonkhano wa masiku awiri uwu womwe ukuchitika kuyambira pa 8 mpaka 9 Ogasiti ndi mphunzitsi Steve Benson kuti akuphunzitseni mfundo ndi masamu oyambira makina anu. Muphunzira mfundo zomwe zili kumbuyo kwa kupindika kwa sheet metal kwapamwamba kudzera mu malangizo olumikizana komanso mavuto a ntchito yoyeserera nthawi yonse ya maphunzirowa. Kudzera mu masewero olimbitsa thupi osavuta kumva, mudzaphunzira maluso ofunikira kuti muwerengere kuchotsera kolondola kwa kupindika, kusankha chida chabwino kwambiri pantchitoyo, ndikusankha kutseguka koyenera kwa V-die kuti mupewe kusokoneza mbali. Pitani patsamba la chochitika kuti mudziwe zambiri.
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