Ama-weld e-longitudinal emigoqweni yensimbi engagqwali asuswa ngogesi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi asebenza kahle. Isithombe sivela ku-Walter Surface Technologies.
Cabanga ngomkhiqizi engenela inkontileka yokwenza umkhiqizo oyinhloko wensimbi engagqwali. Izingxenye zensimbi ezishidiwe kanye nepayipi ziyasikwa, zigotshwe futhi zishiswe ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa esiteshini sokuqeda. Ingxenye yakhiwe ngamapuleti ashiswe ngokuqondile epayipini. Ama-weld abukeka kahle, kodwa akuyona intengo efanele umthengi ayifunayo. Ngenxa yalokho, umshini wokugaya uchitha isikhathi esusa insimbi eshisiwe kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Kwabe sekubonakala okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ebusweni - uphawu olucacile lokufakwa kokushisa okuningi kakhulu. Kulokhu, lokhu kusho ukuthi ingxenye ngeke ihlangabezane nezidingo zekhasimende.
Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngesandla, ukuhlikihla nokuqeda kudinga ubuhlakani kanye nobuciko. Amaphutha ekuqedeni angabiza kakhulu uma ubheka lonke inani elibekwe ku-workpiece. Ukwengeza izinto ezibizayo ezizwela ukushisa njengensimbi engagqwali, izindleko zokulungisa kabusha kanye nokufaka izingcezu kungaba phezulu. Kuhlanganiswe nezinkinga ezifana nokungcola kanye nokwehluleka kokudlulisa, ukusebenza kwensimbi engagqwali okwake kwaba nenzuzo kungaba yinto engenanzuzo noma eyonakalise idumela.
Abakhiqizi bakuvimbela kanjani konke lokhu? Bangaqala ngokwandisa ulwazi lwabo lokugaya nokuqeda, baqonde izindima abazidlalayo nokuthi zithinta kanjani izinto zokusebenza zensimbi engagqwali.
Lokhu akuzona izincazelo ezifanayo. Eqinisweni, wonke umuntu unemigomo ehlukene ngokuphelele. Ukugaya kususa izinto ezifana nama-burrs kanye nensimbi eshisiwe ngokweqile, kuyilapho ukuqeda kunikeza isiphetho esihle ebusweni bensimbi. Ukudideka kuyaqondakala, uma ubheka ukuthi labo abagaya ngamasondo amakhulu okugaya basusa insimbi eningi ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi imihuzuko ejulile kakhulu ingashiywa enkambisweni. Kodwa lapho ukugaya, imihuzuko iwumphumela nje, umgomo uwukususa ngokushesha izinto, ikakhulukazi lapho usebenza ngezinsimbi ezizwela ukushisa njengensimbi engagqwali.
Ukuqeda kwenziwa ngezigaba njengoba umqhubi eqala nge-grit eqinile futhi eqhubekela phambili kumasondo okugaya acwebezelayo, ama-abrasives angalukiwe kanye nendwangu ye-felt kanye ne-polish paste ukuze afinyelele ukuqeda kwesibuko. Inhloso ukufeza ukuqeda okuthile kokugcina (iphethini yokuklwebheka). Isinyathelo ngasinye (grit encane) sisusa imiklwebhe ejulile esinyathelweni sangaphambilini bese siyishintsha ngemiklwebhe emincane.
Njengoba ukugaya nokuqeda kunezinjongo ezahlukene, ngokuvamile akuhambisani futhi kungadlala ngokumelene uma kusetshenziswa isu elingalungile lokusetshenziswa. Ukuze kususwe insimbi eyengeziwe yokushisela, umqhubi wenza imihuzuko ejulile kakhulu ngesondo lokugaya, bese edlulisela ingxenye kumuntu ogqoka izingubo, manje okumele achithe isikhathi esiningi esusa le mihuzuko ejulile. Lolu chungechunge kusukela ekugayeni kuya ekuqedeni lusengaba yindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuqeda zamakhasimende. Kodwa futhi, lezi akuzona izinqubo ezengeziwe.
Izindawo zokusebenza ezenzelwe ukusebenza kahle ngokuvamile azidingi ukugaya noma ukuqeda. Izingxenye ezisikiwe zikwenza lokho kuphela ngoba ukusikiwe kuyindlela esheshayo yokususa ama-weld noma ezinye izinto, futhi imihuzuko ejulile eshiywe yisondo lokugaya yilokho kanye ikhasimende elalikufuna. Izingxenye ezidinga ukuqeda kuphela zenziwa ngendlela yokuthi ukususwa kwezinto ngokweqile akudingeki. Isibonelo esijwayelekile yingxenye yensimbi engagqwali ene-weld enhle evikelwe yi-electrode ye-tungsten edinga nje ukuhlanganiswa futhi ifaniswe nephethini yokuqeda ye-substrate.
Imishini yokugaya enamadiski okususa izinto ezincane ingaba nezinkinga ezinkulu lapho usebenza ngensimbi engagqwali. Ngokufanayo, ukushisa ngokweqile kungabangela ukuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye noshintsho ezimpahleni zezinto. Umgomo uwukugcina insimbi engagqwali ibanda ngangokunokwenzeka kuyo yonke inqubo.
Ngenxa yalokhu, kuyasiza ukukhetha isondo lokugaya elinesilinganiso sokususwa esisheshayo sokusetshenziswa kanye nesabelomali. Amasondo e-Zirconium agaya ngokushesha kune-alumina, kodwa amasondo e-ceramic asebenza kahle kakhulu ezimweni eziningi.
Izinhlayiya ze-ceramic eziqinile kakhulu nezibukhali zigqokwa ngendlela ehlukile. Njengoba ziwohloka kancane kancane, azibi ziyisicaba, kodwa zigcina unqenqema olubukhali. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zingasusa izinto ngokushesha okukhulu, ngokuvamile ngokushesha kaningana kunamanye amasondo okugaya. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenza amasondo okugaya e-ceramic abe yimali efanelekile. Alungele ukugaya insimbi engagqwali, njengoba esusa ngokushesha ama-chips amakhulu futhi akhiqize ukushisa okuncane kanye nokuguquguquka.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umenzi ukhetha yiphi isondo lokugaya, ukungcola okungenzeka kumele kukhunjulwe. Abakhiqizi abaningi bayazi ukuthi abakwazi ukusebenzisa isondo lokugaya elifanayo kokubili insimbi yekhabhoni kanye nensimbi engagqwali. Abantu abaningi bahlukanisa imisebenzi yokugaya insimbi engagqwali kanye nensimbi engagqwali ngokomzimba. Ngisho nezinhlansi ezincane zensimbi yekhabhoni eziwela ezingxenyeni zensimbi engagqwali zingabangela izinkinga zokungcola. Izimboni eziningi, njengezimboni zemithi kanye nezimboni zenuzi, zidinga ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswayo zilinganiswe njengezingangcolisi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amasondo okugaya insimbi engagqwali kumele abe cishe mahhala (ngaphansi kuka-0.1%) wensimbi, i-sulfur kanye ne-chlorine.
Amasondo okugaya awazigayi wona, adinga ithuluzi lamandla. Noma ubani angakhangisa izinzuzo zamasondo okugaya noma amathuluzi kagesi, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi amathuluzi kagesi namasondo awo okugaya asebenza njengohlelo. Amasondo okugaya e-ceramic aklanyelwe ama-engeli grinder anamandla athile kanye ne-torque. Nakuba amanye ama-pneumatic grinder enemininingwane edingekayo, ezimweni eziningi ukugaya amasondo e-ceramic kwenziwa ngamathuluzi kagesi.
Ama-grinder anamandla anganele kanye ne-torque angabangela izinkinga ezinkulu ngisho nangezinto zokubhula zesimanje kakhulu. Ukuntuleka kwamandla kanye ne-torque kungabangela ithuluzi ukuthi lehlise ijubane kakhulu ngaphansi kwengcindezi, okuyisisekelo okuvimbela izinhlayiya ze-ceramic esondweni lokugaya ukuthi zenze lokho eziklanyelwe ukukwenza: susa ngokushesha izingcezu ezinkulu zensimbi, ngaleyo ndlela unciphise inani lezinto ezishisayo ezingena esondweni lokugaya.
Lokhu kwenza lo mjikelezo ube mubi kakhulu: abashisi be-sander bayabona ukuthi akukho okususiwe, ngakho-ke bacindezela kakhulu ngokwemvelo, okubangela ukushisa okukhulu kanye nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Bagcina becindezela kakhulu kangangokuthi bafaka amasondo nge-glaze, okuphoqa ukuthi basebenze kanzima futhi bakhiqize ukushisa okwengeziwe ngaphambi kokuba baqaphele ukuthi badinga ukushintsha amasondo. Uma usebenza ngale ndlela ngamapayipi amancane noma amashidi, agcina edlula ngqo ezintweni.
Vele, uma opharetha bengaqeqeshwanga kahle, ngisho nangamathuluzi angcono kakhulu, lo mjikelezo omubi ungenzeka, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngengcindezi abayibeka endaweni yokusebenza. Umkhuba omuhle ukusondela ngangokunokwenzeka kumthamo olinganisiwe womshini wokugaya. Uma opharetha esebenzisa umshini wokugaya ongu-10 amp, kumele acindezele kakhulu kangangokuthi umshini wokugaya udonsa cishe ama-amps ayi-10.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ammeter kungasiza ekwenzeni imisebenzi yokugaya ibe sezingeni elifanayo uma umenzi ecubungula inani elikhulu lensimbi engagqwali ebizayo. Yiqiniso, imisebenzi embalwa empeleni isebenzisa i-ammeter njalo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukulalela ngokucophelela. Uma opharetha ezwa futhi ezwa i-RPM yehla ngokushesha, angase acindezele kakhulu.
Ukulalela ukuthinta okulula kakhulu (okungukuthi, ukucindezela okuncane kakhulu) kungaba nzima, ngakho-ke ukunaka ukugeleza kwenhlansi kungasiza kulokhu. Ukuhlikihla insimbi engagqwali kukhiqiza izinhlansi ezimnyama kunensimbi yekhabhoni, kodwa kufanele zibonakale futhi ziphume ngokulinganayo endaweni yokusebenza. Uma umqhubi ebona izinhlansi ezimbalwa ngokuzumayo, kungase kube ngenxa yokungasebenzisi amandla anele noma ukungalikhanyisi isondo.
Abaqhubi kumele futhi bagcine i-engeli yokusebenza engaguquki. Uma besondela ku-workpiece cishe nge-engeli efanele (cishe ifane ne-workpiece), bangabangela ukushisa okukhulu; uma besondela ku-engeli enkulu kakhulu (cishe iqonde phezulu), basengozini yokushayisa unqenqema lwesondo ensimbini. Uma besebenzisa isondo lohlobo 27, kufanele basondele emsebenzini nge-engeli yama-degrees angu-20 kuya kwangu-30. Uma benamasondo ohlobo 29, i-engeli yabo yokusebenza kufanele ibe cishe ngama-degrees ayi-10.
Amasondo okugaya ohlobo lwama-28 (anciphile) avame ukusetshenziselwa ukugaya izindawo ezisicaba ukuze kususwe izinto ezindleleni zokugaya ezibanzi. Lawa masondo anciphile asebenza kahle kakhulu kuma-engeli okugaya aphansi (cishe ama-degrees ama-5) ngakho-ke asiza ekunciphiseni ukukhathala komqhubi.
Lokhu kwethula esinye isici esibalulekile: ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwesondo lokugaya. Isondo lohlobo 27 linendawo yokuxhumana yensimbi, isondo lohlobo 28 linomugqa wokuxhumana ngenxa yesimo salo esiyindilinga, isondo lohlobo 29 linendawo yokuxhumana.
Amasondo ohlobo 27 avame kakhulu namuhla angenza umsebenzi ezindaweni eziningi, kodwa ukuma kwawo kwenza kube nzima ukusebenza ngezingxenye ezijulile nama-curve, njenge-welded stainless steel tube assemblies. Ukuma kwephrofayili yesondo lohlobo 29 kwenza kube lula ukusebenza kwabasebenzi abadinga ukugaya izindawo ezigobile nezisicaba ezihlanganisiwe. Isondo lohlobo 29 lenza lokhu ngokwandisa indawo yokuxhumana ebusweni, okusho ukuthi umsebenzisi akudingeki achithe isikhathi esiningi egaya endaweni ngayinye - isu elihle lokunciphisa ukwakheka kokushisa.
Empeleni, lokhu kusebenza kunoma yiliphi isondo lokugaya. Uma ukugaya, umqhubi akufanele ahlale endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside. Ake sithi umqhubi ususa insimbi ku-fillet ubude obungamamitha amaningana. Ingashayela isondo ngezinyathelo ezimfushane phezulu naphansi, kodwa lokhu kungabangela ukuthi i-workpiece ishise kakhulu njengoba igcina isondo endaweni encane isikhathi eside. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukufakwa kokushisa, umqhubi angasebenzisa yonke i-weld ohlangothini olulodwa ekhaleni elilodwa, bese ephakamisa ithuluzi (evumela i-workpiece ukuthi iphole) bese edlulisa i-workpiece ohlangothini olufanayo kwelinye ikhala. Ezinye izindlela ziyasebenza, kodwa zonke zinento eyodwa efanayo: zigwema ukushisa ngokweqile ngokugcina isondo lokugaya lihamba.
Lokhu futhi kusizwa izindlela ezisetshenziswa kabanzi "zokukama". Ake sithi umqhubi ugaya i-butt weld endaweni eyisicaba. Ukuze anciphise ukucindezeleka kokushisa kanye nokumba ngokweqile, wagwema ukusunduza i-grinder eduze kwejoyinti. Kunalokho, uqala ekugcineni bese eqhuba i-grinder eduze kwejoyinti. Lokhu futhi kuvimbela isondo ukuthi lingene kakhulu ezintweni.
Yiqiniso, noma yiluphi uhlobo lobuchwepheshe lungashisa kakhulu insimbi uma umqhubi esebenza kancane kakhulu. Sebenza kancane kakhulu futhi umqhubi uzoshisa kakhulu ucezu lokusebenza; uma uhamba ngokushesha kakhulu, ukuhlikihla kungathatha isikhathi eside. Ukuthola indawo emnandi yesivinini sokudla ngokuvamile kudinga ulwazi. Kodwa uma umqhubi engajwayelene nomsebenzi, angagaya izingcezu ukuze “azizwe” izinga elifanele lokuphakelwa kocezu lokusebenza.
Isu lokuqeda lincike esimweni sobuso bezinto njengoba zingena futhi ziphuma emnyangweni wokuqeda. Thola indawo yokuqala (isimo sobuso esitholiwe) kanye nendawo yokugcina (ukuqeda kuyadingeka), bese wenza uhlelo lokuthola indlela engcono kakhulu phakathi kwalawo maphuzu amabili.
Ngokuvamile indlela engcono kakhulu ayiqali ngesihluku esinamandla kakhulu. Lokhu kungase kubonakale kuphambene. Phela, kungani ungaqali ngesihlabathi esiqinile ukuze uthole indawo elukhuni bese udlulela esihlabathini esicolekile? Ngeke yini kube ukungasebenzi kahle ukuqala ngohlamvu olucolekile?
Akunjalo ngempela, lokhu kuhlobene futhi nohlobo lokuqhathanisa. Njengoba i-grit encane ifinyelelwa esinyathelweni ngasinye, i-conditioner ithatha indawo yemihuzuko ejulile ngemihuzuko emincane nencane. Uma beqala nge-sandpaper yama-grit angu-40 noma i-flip pan, bazoshiya imihuzuko ejulile ensimbini. Kungaba kuhle uma le mihuzuko ingasondeza indawo ekuqedeni okufiswayo, yingakho kunezinto zokuqeda ama-grit angu-40 ezitholakalayo. Kodwa-ke, uma ikhasimende licela ukuqeda okungu-#4 (ukusikwa okuqondile), imihuzuko ejulile eshiywe yi-grit engu-#40 ithatha isikhathi eside ukuyisusa. Abadwebi basebenza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene be-grit noma bachitha isikhathi esiningi besebenzisa ama-abrasives ama-grit amancane ukuze basuse leyo mihuzuko emikhulu futhi bayishintshe ngemincane. Konke lokhu akugcini nje ngokungasebenzi kahle, kodwa futhi kushisa kakhulu umsebenzi.
Vele, ukusebenzisa izinto zokukhuhla ezincane ezindaweni ezimahhadlahhadla kungaba kancane futhi, uma kuhlanganiswa nobuchwepheshe obungebuhle, kuholela ekushiseni okukhulu. Amadiski amabili komunye nomunye noma ahlanganisiwe angasiza ngalokhu. Lawa madiski afaka izindwangu zokukhuhla ezihlanganiswe nezinto zokwelapha ubuso. Avumela uchwepheshe ukuthi asebenzise izinto zokukhuhla ukususa izinto ngenkathi eshiya ukuqeda kubushelelezi.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ekuqedeni singafaka ukusetshenziswa kwezindwangu ezingalukiwe, okubonisa esinye isici sokuqeda esiyingqayizivele: inqubo isebenza kahle ngamathuluzi wamandla ashintshashintshayo ngesivinini. I-engela grinder esebenza ku-10,000 rpm ingaphatha izinto ezithile ezihudulayo, kodwa izoncibilikisa ngokuphelele ezinye izinto ezingalukiwe. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abaqedi behlisa ijubane bafike ku-3,000-6,000 rpm ngaphambi kokuqeda izinto ezingalukiwe. Yiqiniso, ijubane eliqondile lincike ekusetshenzisweni nasekusetshenzisweni. Isibonelo, izigubhu ezingalukiwe zivame ukujikeleza ku-3,000 kuya ku-4,000 rpm, kuyilapho amadiski okwelapha ubuso evame ukujikeleza ku-4,000 kuya ku-6,000 rpm.
Ukuba namathuluzi afanele (ama-speed grinder aguquguqukayo, izinto zokuqeda ezahlukahlukene) kanye nokunquma inani elifanele lezinyathelo ngokuyisisekelo kunikeza imephu ekhombisa indlela engcono kakhulu phakathi kwezinto ezingenayo neziqediwe. Indlela eqondile incike ekusetshenzisweni, kodwa ama-trimmer anolwazi alandela le ndlela esebenzisa izindlela ezifanayo zokusika.
Imiqulu engalukiwe iqedela ubuso bensimbi engagqwali. Ukuze kuqedwe kahle futhi kusetshenziswe kahle isikhathi eside, izinto zokuqeda ezahlukene zisebenza ngesivinini esihlukile sokujikeleza.
Okokuqala, zithatha isikhathi. Uma zibona ukuthi ucezu oluncane lwensimbi engagqwali luyashisa, ziyayeka ukuqeda endaweni eyodwa bese ziqala kwenye. Noma zingase zisebenze ezintweni ezimbili ezahlukene ngesikhathi esisodwa. Sebenza kancane kwenye bese kuba kwenye, unikeze enye ingxenye isikhathi sokupholisa.
Uma upholisha kuze kube sekupheleni kwesibuko, ipholisha ingapholisha ngesigubhu sokupholisha noma idiski yokupholisha ngendlela eqondile esinyathelweni sangaphambilini. Ukupholisha okuphambene kugqamisa izindawo okufanele zihlangane nephethini yokuklwebha yangaphambilini, kodwa akulethi indawo ekugcineni kwesibuko esingu-#8. Uma yonke imiklwebhe isisusiwe, kuzodingeka indwangu ethambile kanye nephedi yokupholisha ukuze kudalwe ukuphela okukhazimulayo okufiselekayo.
Ukuze bathole isiphetho esifanele, abakhiqizi kumele banikeze abaqeqi ngamathuluzi afanele, okuhlanganisa amathuluzi nezinto zokwakha zangempela, kanye namathuluzi okuxhumana, njengokudala amasampula ajwayelekile ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi isiphetho esithile kufanele sibukeke kanjani. Lawa masampula (afakwe eceleni komnyango wokuqeda, emaphepheni okuqeqesha, kanye nasezincwadini zokuthengisa) asiza ukugcina wonke umuntu esesimweni esifanayo.
Ngokuphathelene namathuluzi angempela (kufaka phakathi amathuluzi kagesi kanye nezinto zokukhuhla), ukwakheka kwezingxenye ezithile kungaba yinselele ngisho naseqenjini lokuqeda elinolwazi kakhulu. Lokhu kuzosiza amathuluzi ochwepheshe.
Ake sithi umqhubi udinga ukuhlanganisa ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali elinodonga oluncane. Ukusebenzisa ama-flap disc noma ngisho nama-drum kungaholela ezinkingeni, ukushisa ngokweqile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nendawo eyisicaba epayipini uqobo. Yilapho imishini yokugaya amabhande eyenzelwe amapayipi ingasiza khona. Ibhande lokuhambisa limboza ingxenye enkulu yobubanzi bepayipi, lisabalalisa izindawo zokuthintana, landise ukusebenza kahle futhi linciphise ukufakwa kokushisa. Kodwa-ke, njengakho konke okunye, uchwepheshe usadinga ukuhambisa i-sander yebhande aye endaweni ehlukile ukuze anciphise ukwakheka kokushisa okweqile futhi agweme ukuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Lokhu kusebenza nakwamanye amathuluzi okuqeda ochwepheshe. Cabanga nge-sander yebhande eyenzelwe izindawo okunzima ukuzifinyelela. Umqedi angayisebenzisa ukwenza i-fillet weld phakathi kwamabhodi amabili nge-engeli ebukhali. Esikhundleni sokuhambisa i-sander yebhande leminwe iqonde phezulu (njengokuxubha amazinyo akho), uchwepheshe uyihambisa ngokuvundlile eceleni komphetho ophezulu we-fillet weld bese ilandela phansi, eqinisekisa ukuthi i-sander yeminwe ayihlali endaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside. isikhathi eside.
Ukushisela, ukugaya nokuqeda insimbi engagqwali kuza nenye inselele: ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ayiphazamisi kahle. Ngemva kwakho konke lokhu kuphazamiseka, ingabe kukhona ukungcola okusele ebusweni bezinto ezingavimbela ukwakheka kwemvelo kwengqimba ye-chromium yensimbi engagqwali phezu kobuso bonke? Into yokugcina umenzi ayidingayo ikhasimende elithukuthele elikhononda ngezingxenye ezigqwalile noma ezingcolile. Yilapho ukuhlanzwa okufanele kanye nokulandeleka kungena khona.
Ukuhlanza nge-electrochemical kungasiza ekususeni ukungcola ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-passivation efanele, kodwa lokhu kuhlanza kufanele kwenziwe nini? Kuncike ekusetshenzisweni. Uma abakhiqizi behlanza insimbi engagqwali ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-passivation ephelele, bavame ukwenza lokho ngokushesha ngemva kokushisela. Ukwehluleka ukwenza kanjalo kusho ukuthi indawo yokuqeda ingase imunce ukungcola okungaphezulu kusuka endaweni yokusebenza bese ikusabalalisa kwezinye izindawo. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile, abakhiqizi bangase bangeze izinyathelo zokuhlanza ezengeziwe—mhlawumbe ngisho nokuhlola ukuthi i-passivation efanele ngaphambi kokuba insimbi engagqwali isuke phansi efektri.
Ake sithi umenzi ushisela ingxenye ebalulekile yensimbi engagqwali embonini yenuzi. Umshini wokushisela we-tungsten arc ochwepheshe udala umthungo obushelelezi obukeka uphelele. Kodwa futhi, lokhu kuyisicelo esibalulekile. Ilungu lomnyango wokuqeda lisebenzisa ibhulashi elixhunywe ohlelweni lokuhlanza lwe-electrochemical ukuhlanza ubuso be-weld. Labe selihlikihla i-weld ngesivikelo esingalukiwe kanye nendwangu yokusula bese liqeda konke kwaba bushelelezi. Bese kufika ibhulashi lokugcina ngohlelo lokuhlanza lwe-electrochemical. Ngemva kosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili zokungasebenzi, sebenzisa umhloli ophathwayo ukuhlola ingxenye ukuthi ingasebenzi kahle yini. Imiphumela, eqoshwe futhi igcinwe nomsebenzi, ibonise ukuthi ingxenye yayingasebenzi ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokushiya ifektri.
Ezindaweni eziningi zokukhiqiza, ukugaya, ukuqeda, nokuhlanza ukususwa kwensimbi engagqwali kuvame ukwenzeka ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo. Eqinisweni, kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphambi nje kokuba umsebenzi uthunyelwe.
Izingxenye ezingashintshwanga kahle zidala ezinye zezindawo ezibiza kakhulu zokulahla nokulungisa, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukuthi abakhiqizi baphinde babheke iminyango yabo yokusila nokuqeda. Ukuthuthukiswa kokugaya nokuqeda kusiza ekuqedeni izinkinga ezibalulekile, kuthuthukise ikhwalithi, kuqede izinhlungu zekhanda, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, kwandise ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende.
I-FABRICATOR ingumagazini ohamba phambili wokukhiqiza nokwenza insimbi eNyakatho Melika. Lo magazini ushicilela izindaba, izihloko zobuchwepheshe kanye nezindaba zempumelelo ezivumela abakhiqizi ukwenza umsebenzi wabo ngempumelelo enkulu. I-FABRICATOR ibilokhu ikhona embonini kusukela ngo-1970.
Manje ngokufinyelela okugcwele kuhlelo lwedijithali lwe-FABRICATOR, ukufinyelela okulula ezinsizeni ezibalulekile zemboni.
Uhlelo lwedijithali lwe-The Tube & Pipe Journal seluyatholakala ngokugcwele manje, lunikeza ukufinyelela okulula ezinsizeni ezibalulekile zemboni.
Thola ukufinyelela okugcwele kwedijithali ku-STAMPING Journal, equkethe ubuchwepheshe bamuva, imikhuba emihle kanye nezindaba zemboni zemakethe yokunyathela insimbi.
Manje ngokufinyelela okugcwele kwedijithali ku-The Fabricator ngesi-Spanish, unokufinyelela okulula ezinsizeni ezibalulekile zemboni.