Iindawo ezincinci ezichanekileyo zinokucuthwa ngomatshini ngocoselelo oluphezulu kwiimashini ezinkulu ze-EDM, kodwa kungekhona ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Oko sele kunokwenzeka kwi-EDM drilling, i-bes Funkenerosion evela kwi-Fluorn-Winzeln nayo ifuna ukukufezekisa ekusikeni ucingo.
Umenzi waseJamani uBes Funkenerosion kuye kwafuneka ale iiodolo ngaphambili kuba oomatshini babo be-wire EDM babengenazo ezi ndlela zokuhamba. “Sinabathengi abasebenzayo abangaphezu kwama-500, kwaye ukuba awukwazi ukuthatha iiodolo kuba nje ubungakanani bomatshini abukuvumeli, ngokwemvelo kunzima,” ucacisa umlawuli ophetheyo uMarkus Langenbacher.
Nangona kunjalo, indawo yokupaka oomatshini abaneemashini zeSodick EDM sele iyamangalisa, enye i-ALC400G, enye i-SLC400G, enye i-AG400L kunye nenye i-AQ750LH. Iinkonzo ze-wire EDM ekuveliseni iikhontrakthi azizange zithintele naziphi na iminqweno yomthengi, ngaphandle kokuba ngaphakathi koluhlu lwe-XXL kufuneka banqabe ii-odolo ngamanye amaxesha.
“Sisebenzise i-wire EDM kwasekuqaleni, kwaye kungekudala songeza ne-die sinking,” utshilo uJörg Romen, ophethe icandelo lokugqwala kwentambo. Xa ii-odolo zekhontrakthi ziqala ukwanda, ii-EDM ezintsha kufuneka zithengwe. Ukhetho lwawela kuSodick. “USodick usinike isibonelelo esinomtsalane esibandakanya konke oomatshini abathathu, esikwasiqinisekisa ngomgangatho kunye nokuchaneka kwabo,” utshilo uJörg Roming. Koomatshini abathathu bokuqala, mnye kuphela osasebenza; ababini batshintshwe ngokuhamba kwexesha. “Sikwasebenzise i-aluminium eninzi, nto leyo ebeke uxinzelelo olukhulu kumatshini. Namhlanje siyazi ukuba ukuba besisika i-aluminium kumatshini imini yonke, ngamanye amaxesha besiya kufuneka sithathe iragi kunye nocango oluvuliweyo kwaye sichithe imizuzu emihlanu sisusa yonke into. Yonke into ihlanjwe kakuhle, kungenjalo kuya kuchaphazela ubomi bomatshini.”
Umatshini weXXL: Ekuqaleni wawuthengwe njengomatshini wokutshintsha, ngoku ungowona ufanelekileyo wokuqhubeka nokusika iinxalenye ezinkulu zenkqubo yokugrumba ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. (Umthombo: Ralf M. Haaßengier)
Njengomvelisi wesivumelwano, i-bes Funkenerosion ilawula zonke iinkqubo zokubola ukusuka kwi-EDM ukuya ekubholeni nasekuboleni ngentambo. Abathengi banokuthenga izixhobo kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo ngqo kwinkampani eseFluorn-Winzeln, ezifana nokubhola kunye nokufaka imisonto kwii-electrodes phantse kuzo zonke ubude kunye nobubanzi. Abathengi abaphambili baquka abenzi bezixhobo, abenzi bokubumba, iinkampani zobuchwepheshe bezonyango kunye nomzi-mveliso weenqwelo-moya. "Izinto ezisetyenziswayo zezinye zezona ntsika zethu ziphambili kwaye sinoluhlu olubanzi lwezitokhwe ezikhoyo, ngoko ke sinokuqinisekisa amaxesha amafutshane okuhambisa", uqinisekisa uMarkus Langenbacher.
Izixhobo ze-electrode zivavanywa ukusebenza kwicandelo lovavanyo ukuqinisekisa abathengi iziphumo ezilungileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokubhola ye-EDM; le ndlela ithetha ukuba neemfuno zabathengi ezikhethekileyo aziyi kubangela naziphi na iingxaki kwinkampani. Kutshanje, umthengi u-ode ii-electrode ezingama-20,000 kwinkampani emva kovavanyo oluphumeleleyo.
Xa umsunguli wenkampani wagqiba ekubeni athathe umhlala-phantsi ekuqaleni kuka-2021, kwafuneka umlawuli omtsha olawulayo. Ngehlobo eli, uMarkus Langenbacher wathatha ulawulo lwe-bes Funkenerosion. Ewe, oku kunethamsanqa, njengoko kungenzeki rhoqo ukufumana umntu ofanelekileyo kwinkampani yokuvelisa. Akuqhelekanga ukuba abatyali-mali bamanye amazwe abangaqondiyo ukukhukuliseka okanye imeko yabathengi bathathe izintambo. Emva kweminyaka embalwa, ezi nkampani ngamanye amaxesha zithengiswa kwakhona "njengeenxalenye zomntu ngamnye" zize zibhanga. Nangona kunjalo, phantsi kobunkokeli bukaMarkus Langenbacher, umsebenzi onamava kakhulu wathatha izintambo. Emva kokuba esebenze nenkampani iminyaka engama-21, akazi kuphela ishishini kunye neenkqubo zokungena nokuphuma, kodwa nabathengi.
UMarkus Langenbacher uyazazi kakuhle iingxaki zabathengi bakhe: “Indlela umthengi asabela ngayo kukulinda iminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu yokugqibela ngaphambi kokuba afake iodolo. Kaloku, abazi ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni kwinkampani xa umsunguli ethatha umhlala-phantsi. Banokukhululeka xa imfuno iphinda inyuka.
Olu qela lunomdla kuba umqeshwa sele esazana kangangeminyaka engama-20, kwaye ngoku lo wayesakuba ngugxa wakhe ngequbuliso uba ngumphathi. UJörg Roming, obesebenza kule nkampani iminyaka eli-18, ubona oku njengento entle kakhulu: “Sithetha ngokukhululekileyo omnye komnye kuba sele sazana ixesha elide. Yinzuzo enkulu leyo. Xa izinto zingahambi kakuhle, singathetha omnye komnye size sifumane izisombululo kunye.”
Ekugqibeleni, ababoneleli abanjengoSodick nabo bayazuza kuphuhliso oluhle lwe-EDM. Emva kokuba i-ALC400G encinci ithunyelwe kwinkampani eseFluorn-Winzeln njengomatshini wokutshintsha ekuqaleni kuka-2021, iqabane layo elikhulu, i-ALC800GH, lalandela ngasekupheleni kwehlobo. "Sithathe amanyathelo okuqala okwandisa ngakumbi ishishini lethu lekhontrakthi ye-WEDM ukuya kwiindawo ze-XXL ngomatshini omkhulu we-WEDM. Oku kusenza sikwazi ukukhonza le marike kuphela kwaye asisafuneki ukwala ii-odolo," ucacisa umlawuli ophetheyo uMarkus Langenbacher. Ii-odolo ezintsha ziya kuveliswa ngokubonelela ngolwazi kubathengi abaninzi. "Ngendawo yethu yoomatshini, sizama ukujolisa ngokukodwa abanye babathengi esele sinabo ekubholeni kwe-EDM. Abathengi bafuna ukucutshungulwa ngokupheleleyo kweenxalenye zabo ze-XXL kumthombo omnye, kwaye ngoku sinokukubonelela oko."
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Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, i-bes Funkenerosion ibisoloko ithengisa kakhulu kwicandelo le-wire EDM: ngendlela esecaleni eyi-1460 x 600 x 1,020 mm, kunokwenzeka ukugrumba iindawo ezinobunzima obufikelela kwiitoni ezi-6. Ezi zicelo nazo zinzima kakhulu. Kwimeko yakutshanje yokwenziwa kwemishini, malunga nemingxuma engama-3,000 yagrunjwa kwinxalenye ethile kwiiyure ezili-145 zokugrumba. "Sikwajongane neendawo ezinemingxuma eyi-14,000 - umbhobho obude obuyi-1.5 yeemitha obungenakulingana noomatshini bethu," ukhumbula umlawuli ophetheyo we-bes. Sisebenzisa i-electrode changer, ukucubungula kwenziwa emini nasebusuku de ityhubhu yagqobhoka ngokupheleleyo." Ezi zii-odolo zethu zesivumelwano sokuvelisa. Nangona kunjalo, ubuchule bethu ekusikeni intambo bubuyela umva. Kulapho saqala khona ngo-1983 njengenkampani yokuvelisa."
Ukuqinisekisa ukuqala okugqibeleleyo kwee-odolo zokuqala emva kokufakwa koomatshini abatsha beSodick: uMarkus Langenbacher, uMlawuli oLawulayo we-bes Funkenerosion, kunye noBW Daniel Günzel, uMphathi weNtengiso weSithili saseSodick Germany. (Umthombo: uRalf M. Haaßengier)
Ekuqaleni, iSodick VL600QH yathengwa njengomatshini wokutshintsha. Kodwa ekubeni i-ALC800GH yayithengiswa ixesha elifutshane, uMarkus Langenbacher kunye noJörg Roming bayijongile baza ekugqibeleni bagqiba ekubeni bayixhase. “Kwakhona, xa sidibanisa nomatshini wokubhola i-EDM esiwusebenzisayo, sele sinendlela esecaleni, kwaye i-ALC800GH ifanelekile ukuvala isangqa esiphakathi kokubhola kokuqala kwe-800 mm (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1,000 mm kunokwenzeka) kunye ne-800 mm wire EDM EDM”, utshilo uJörg Roming. Oomatshini abatsha be-EDM nabo banelisekile kule nkalo.
Yayilutshintsho olungenamthungo: umatshini omdala waqhaqhwa, kwafika itreyila ethe tyaba enomatshini weXXL, kwaye umatshini omdala watshintshiselwa umatshini omtsha, kunye nokonga okufanelekileyo kwiindleko zokuthumela. "Sobabini sisebenza kunye ngeyona ndlela ingcono," uqinisekisa uJörg Roming. Ngelixa umatshini wawuseholweni, wawuvavanya nge-engile yegranite elinganiswe ukuya kwiimitha ezi-2 kunye nobude obuyi-800 mm. Ipakishwe kumatshini kuzo zonke iindlela kwaye yavavanywa, nokuba umatshini omncinci kunye nokusilela kwe-engile kuyabonakala. Ekubeni umatshini ngamnye weSodick uvavanywa umgangatho ngokulinganiswa kwejenereyitha kunye nokulinganisa ijiyometri ngaphambi kokuhanjiswa, akukho kuphambuka kwi-engile yegranite.
Ngendlela, umsebenzi oqale kumatshini omdala ngoku uyaqhubeka ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kumatshini omtsha: ukuphakama kokusika yi-358 mm. "Sakhawuleza sabona umahluko kumgangatho. Enye inzuzo enkulu kuthi kukuba inkqubo yolawulo yayiphantse ifane, ngaphandle kokuphucula okumbalwa. Sakhawuleza saya kwi-ALC800GH," ukhumbula uJörg Roming. Wakwazi nokudlulisela inkqubo kumatshini omtsha ngoko nangoko. "Sasifuna utshintsho oluncinci kuphela kwiprosesa yeposi, kungenjalo utshintsho lwalungenangxaki kwaphela."
Kwimisonto, i-EDM entsha imele inyathelo elikhulu phambili, kwaye inyani yokuba imiyalelo yokusebenza idityaniswe ngedijithali kwinkqubo yolawulo yinzuzo enkulu, utshilo. Akusekho kuphengulula nokukhangela iincwadi zomsebenzisi kunye neeprogram. Imizobo, imiyalelo yolondolozo enemifanekiso, yonke into idweliswe ngokweenkcukacha. Amanani eenxalenye anokufunyanwa kwangoko ngomsebenzi wokukhangela. "Imbuyekezo yobushushu ye-ALC800GH ngokwendalo inefuthe ekuchanekeni, ngoko ke neenxalenye zeXXL zibola ngokuchanekileyo okuphezulu," utshilo uJörg Roming.
Uluhlu lwethu loomatshini be-EDM bentambo lunokuvelisa iziqwenga ezifikelela kuma-500. “Kuthi njengeengcali ze-EDM, esi sixa sikhulu,” ucacisa uJörg Romen. Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo bokuvelisa ngobuninzi buphakathi kweziqwenga ezi-2 nezingama-20, kodwa inxalenye enkulu yenziwe ngamalungu ngamanye. Oku akunjalo ngokubhola, apho uthotho lweeveki ezili-1,000 luyinto engaqhelekanga.” Ezi ikakhulu zivela kubenzi bezixhobo ezichanekileyo, umzekelo, sisebenzisa imijelo yokupholisa i-EDM njengeebhentshi zomsebenzi ezandisiweyo,” utshilo uMarkus Langenbacher.
Imibuzo yabathengi ifunyanwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: omnye umthengi uthumela umbuzo nge-imeyile aze alindele ikowuteshini, omnye uthumela icandelo ngqo kwiphakheji enemizobo, idatha ye-3D kunye nomhla wokuhanjiswa, kunye nomthengi wesithathu otyelela ubuso ngobuso kuthi. "Imisebenzi emininzi ikwabandakanya ukulungiswa kwezixhobo ezifana nee-die punches, ebezifuneka izolo ukuba kunokwenzeka," uncuma uMarkus Langenbacher. Unesizathu esihle sokuhleka kuba umatshini wakhe uguquguqukayo kangangokuba unokusingatha uninzi lwee-odolo. Ingakumbi kwimeko yokusika kwi-intanethi, imibuzo ihlala iza nge-imeyile okanye ngeposi ekhethekileyo enezixhobo, kwaye iingxoxo zibanjwa nomthengi ngefowuni. Umzekelo, abathengi babonelela nge-100% yedatha ethembekileyo. Kwiminyaka engama-30 edlulileyo, omnye umsebenzi ebephethe kuphela inkqubo ye-CAM yee-wire EDMs, kodwa uthatha umhlala-phantsi ekuqaleni kuka-2021. Ngoko ke inkampani itshintshe inkqubo ye-wire EDM CAM ngomatshini omtsha weSodick. Ekubeni i-CAM endala ingahlaziywanga kwaye inokubonisa i-2D kuphela, iya kutshintshwa kancinci kancinci yi-CAM entsha. UJörg Roming ngoku usebenzisa i-CAM. ngedatha ye-3D enikwe ngumthengi kwaye sele enemilinganiselo emihle yokulinganisa apho kufuneka kusetyenziswe khona ubuso kunye nendlela yokwenza. "Yonke inkqubo yokuqalisa, kuquka ne-post-processor, ifana nomsebenzi wewotshi ye-CAM entsha," ingcali ye-EDM inomdla.
Nangona umnxeba wasimahla ufumaneka kuwo wonke umatshini osandul’ ukuhanjiswa ubomi bonke bomatshini, uJörg Roming akakawusebenzisi okwangoku. “Umnxeba wethu uthe ngqo apha,” uncuma uDaniel Günzel. “Ukuba uyawunyamekela kakuhle umatshini wakho, akunakufuneka utsalele umnxeba.”
Ngenxa yoyilo lwesinki olungenazo izinto ezipeyintiweyo, intsimbi engatyiwayo kunye ne-ceramic kuphela, kunye noyilo lwentloko yamanzi olukrelekrele, ukugcinwa kunye nokucoca kunokwenziwa ngokulula ngemizuzu embalwa. Xa umatshini usebenza imini yonke kwaye unomthwalo womsebenzi onzima, kudla ngokwanela ukusebenzisa isibhamu samanzi esifakiweyo ukutshiza isinki kunye nentloko yokutshiza. Nangona kunjalo, iqela le-bes Funkenerosion lithatha ukugcinwa nzulu kakhulu. UMarkus Langenbacher ucacisa athi: “Kutshanje siphuhlise uluhlu lokucoca kunye nokugcinwa ngokukodwa kumatshini ngamnye. UJörg Roming wongeza athi: “Kubaluleke kakhulu kum ukuba oomatshini bam be-EDM basebenze ngokuthembekileyo. Kuya kunceda kakhulu ukuba senze ulondolozo olupheleleyo kanye ngonyaka, ndiqinisekile ukuba xa ndifuna ukuqala ukusebenza kumatshini ndingaqala ngoko nangoko ngaphandle kwengxaki.”
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