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He mea semiconductor ʻo TiO2 i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻololi photoelectric. No ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i ka mālamalama, ua hana ʻia nā nanoparticles nickel a me ke kālā sulfide ma luna o ka ʻili o nā nanowires TiO2 ma o kahi ʻano maʻalahi o ka dipping a me ka photoreduction. Ua hana ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi o ka hana pale cathodic o nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 ma ke kila kila 304, a ua hoʻohui ʻia ke ʻano, ka haku mele ʻana, a me nā ʻano o ka omo ʻana o ka mālamalama o nā mea. Hōʻike nā hopena e hiki i nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ke hāʻawi i ka pale cathodic maikaʻi loa no ke kila kila 304 i ka wā he 6 ka helu o nā pōʻaiapuni impregnation-precipitation nickel sulfide a ʻo ka nui o ka photoreduction nitrate kālā he 0.1M.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā semiconductors ʻano-n no ka pale ʻana i ka photocathode me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lā ua lilo i kumuhana wela i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. Ke hoʻonāukiuki ʻia e ka lā, e hoʻonāukiuki ʻia nā electrons mai ka valence band (VB) o kahi mea semiconductor i loko o ka conduction band (CB) e hana i nā electrons photogenerated. Inā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka conduction band potential o ka semiconductor a i ʻole nanocomposite ma mua o ka self-etching potential o ka metala i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, e hoʻoili ʻia kēia mau electrons photogenerated i ka ʻili o ka metala i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā electrons e alakaʻi i ka polarization cathodic o ka metala a hāʻawi i ka pale cathodic o ka metala pili1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Manaʻo ʻia ka mea semiconductor he photoanode non-sacrificial, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka hopena anodic i ka mea semiconductor ponoʻī, akā ʻo ka oxidation o ka wai ma o nā lua photogenerated a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea haumia organik adsorbed, a i ʻole ke alo o nā mea hōʻiliʻili e hoʻopaʻa i nā lua photogenerated. ʻO ka mea nui loa, pono i ka mea semiconductor kahi CB potential i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole ma mua o ka corrosion potential o ka metala e pale ʻia nei. A laila wale nō hiki i nā electrons photogenerated ke hele mai ka hui conduction o ka semiconductor i ka metala i pale ʻia. Ua kālele nā ​​haʻawina pale ʻana i ka palaho photochemical i nā mea semiconductor inorganic n-type me nā hakahaka band ākea (3.0–3.2EV)1,2,3,4,5,6,7, ka mea i pane wale i ka mālamalama ultraviolet (< 400 nm), e hōʻemi ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mālamalama. Ua kālele nā ​​haʻawina pale ʻana i ka palaho photochemical i nā mea semiconductor inorganic n-type me nā hakahaka band ākea (3.0–3.2EV)1,2,3,4,5,6,7, ka mea i pane wale i ka mālamalama ultraviolet (< 400 nm), e hōʻemi ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mālamalama. Иследования стойкости к фотохимической коррозии были сосредоточены на неорганических полупроводниковых материрой материах запрещенной зоной (3,0–3,2 EV)1,2,3,4,5,6,7, которые реагируют только на ультрафиолетовое излучение (< 400 makahiki) доступности света. Ua kālele ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana ma ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka palaho photochemical i nā mea semiconductor inorganic n-ʻano me kahi bandgap ākea (3.0–3.2 EV)1,2,3,4,5,6,7 e pane wale ana i ka radiation ultraviolet (< 400 nm), hoʻemi ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mālamalama.光化学耐腐蚀性研究主要集中在具有宽带隙(3.0–3.2EV)1,2,3,4,5,6,7 的无机n型半导体材料上，这些材料仅对紫外光（< 400 nm）有响应，减少光的可用性。光 化学 耐腐 蚀性 研究 主要 在 具有 宽带隙 宽带隙 宽带隙 (3.0–3.2ev) 1.5, 3.2ev) 1.5, 3.2ev)型 材料 上 ， 这些 材料 仅 对 （<400 nm） 有 有 有 有 有 有 有 有 有 有 有 有 有 有 有 有 有有 有响应，减少光的可用性。 Иследования стойкости к фотохимической коррозии в основном были сосредоточены на неорганических полупровихлахлад широкой запрещенной зоной (3,0–3,2EV)1,2,3,4,5,6,7, которые чувствительны только к УФ-излучению (<400 ). Ua kālele nui ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana ma ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka palaho photochemical ma luna o nā mea semiconductor inorganic bandgap ākea (3.0–3.2EV)1,2,3,4,5,6,7 n-type i ʻike wale ʻia i ka radiation UV. (<400 nm).I ka pane ʻana, ua emi iho ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mālamalama.
Ma ke kahua o ka pale ʻana i ka palaho kai, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ka ʻenehana pale cathodic photoelectrochemical. He mea semiconductor ʻo TiO2 me ka omo ʻana o ka mālamalama UV maikaʻi loa a me nā waiwai photocatalytic. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mālamalama, hui hou nā lua electron photogenerated a ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana pōʻeleʻele. Pono ka noiʻi hou aku e ʻimi i kahi hopena kūpono a hiki ke hana. Ua hōʻike ʻia e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hoʻololi ʻili he nui e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka photosensitivity o TiO2, e like me ka doping me Fe, N, a me ka hui pū ʻana me Ni3S2, Bi2Se3, CdTe, a pēlā aku. No laila, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka TiO2 composite me nā mea me ka pono hoʻololi photoelectric kiʻekiʻe ma ke kahua o ka pale cathodic photogenerated. .
He mea semiconductor ka Nickel sulfide me kahi band gap haiki o 1.24 eV8.9 wale nō. ʻO ka haiki o ka band gap, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kukui. Ma hope o ka hui ʻana o ka nickel sulfide me ka ʻili titanium dioxide, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kukui. I ka hui pū ʻana me ka titanium dioxide, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka pono o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā electrons a me nā lua i hoʻomohala ʻia. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Nickel sulfide i ka hana hydrogen electrocatalytic, nā pila a me ka decomposition haumia8,9,10. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia kona hoʻohana ʻana i ka pale photocathode. Ma kēia haʻawina, ua koho ʻia kahi mea semiconductor bandgap haiki e hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia o ka pono haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kukui TiO2. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā nanoparticles nickel a me ke kālā sulfide ma ka ʻili o nā nanowires TiO2 e nā ʻano hoʻokomo a me ka photoreduction, kēlā me kēia. Hoʻomaikaʻi ka nanocomposite Ag/NiS/TiO2 i ka pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kukui a hoʻonui i ka laulā omo kukui mai ka ʻāpana ultraviolet a i ka ʻāpana ʻike ʻia. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka waiho ʻana o nā nanoparticles kālā e hāʻawi i ka Ag/NiS/TiO2 nanocomposite i ke kūpaʻa optical maikaʻi loa a me ka pale cathodic paʻa.
ʻO ka mea mua, ua ʻoki ʻia kahi pepa titanium 0.1 mm ka mānoanoa me ka maʻemaʻe o 99.9% i ka nui o 30 mm × 10 mm no nā hoʻokolohua. A laila, ua hoʻopili ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻili o ka pepa titanium i 100 mau manawa me ka pepa sandpaper 2500 grit, a laila holoi mau ʻia me ka acetone, ethanol absolute, a me ka wai distilled. E kau i ka papa titanium i loko o ka hui ʻana o 85 °C (sodium hydroxide: sodium carbonate: wai = 5:2:100) no 90 min, wehe a holoi me ka wai distilled. Ua kālai ʻia ka ʻili me ka hopena HF (HF:H2O = 1:5) no 1 min, a laila holoi ʻokoʻa me ka acetone, ethanol, a me ka wai distilled, a hoʻomaloʻo hope ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana. Ua hana koke ʻia nā nanowires titanium dioxide ma luna o ka ʻili o ka pepa titanium e kahi hana anodizing hoʻokahi ʻanuʻu. No ka anodizing, hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana electrode ʻelua kuʻuna, ʻo ka electrode hana he pepa titanium, a ʻo ka electrode counter he electrode platinum. E kau i ka papa titanium i loko o 400 ml o ka hopena 2 M NaOH me nā ʻūmiʻi electrode. Paʻa ke au o ka mana DC ma kahi o 1.3 A. Ua mālama ʻia ka mahana o ka hopena ma 80°C no 180 mau minuke i ka wā o ka hopena ʻōnaehana. Ua lawe ʻia ka pepa titanium, holoi ʻia me ka acetone a me ka ethanol, holoi ʻia me ka wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, a hoʻomaloʻo maoli ʻia. A laila ua kau ʻia nā laʻana i loko o ka umu muffle ma 450°C (ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomehana ʻana he 5°C/min), mālama ʻia i ka mahana mau no 120 min, a waiho ʻia i loko o kahi pā maloʻo.
Ua loaʻa ka hui nickel sulfide-titanium dioxide ma o kahi ʻano hana hoʻoheheʻe maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi. ʻO ka mea mua, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka nickel nitrate (0.03 M) i loko o ka ethanol a mālama ʻia ma lalo o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka magnetic no 20 mau minuke e loaʻa ai kahi hopena ethanol o ka nickel nitrate. A laila e hoʻomākaukau i ka sodium sulfide (0.03 M) me kahi hopena hui o ka methanol (methanol:wai = 1:1). A laila, ua kau ʻia nā papa titanium dioxide i loko o ka hopena i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma luna, lawe ʻia ma hope o 4 mau minuke, a holoi koke ʻia me kahi hopena hui o ka methanol a me ka wai (methanol:wai = 1:1) no 1 minuke. Ma hope o ka maloʻo ʻana o ka ʻili, ua kau ʻia nā papa i loko o kahi umu muffle, i hoʻomehana ʻia i ka vacuum ma 380°C no 20 min, hoʻomaʻalili ʻia i ka mahana o ka lumi, a hoʻomaloʻo ʻia. Helu o nā pōʻaiapuni 2, 4, 6 a me 8.
Ua hoʻololi ʻia nā nanoparticles Ag i nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 e ka photoreduction12,13. Ua kau ʻia ka nanocomposite Ag/NiS/TiO2 i loaʻa i loko o ka hopena nitrate kālā e pono ai no ka hoʻokolohua. A laila ua hoʻomālamalama ʻia nā laʻana me ka mālamalama ultraviolet no 30 min, ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ko lākou mau ʻili me ka wai deionized, a ua loaʻa nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 ma o ka hoʻomaloʻo kūlohelohe. Ua hōʻike ʻia ke kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua i wehewehe ʻia ma luna nei ma ke Kiʻi 1.
Ua hōʻike nui ʻia nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 e ka microscopy electron scanning field emission (FESEM), ka spectroscopy dispersive ikehu (EDS), ka spectroscopy photoelectron X-ray (XPS), a me ka reflectance diffuse i nā ultraviolet a me nā ʻano ʻike ʻia (UV-Vis). Ua hana ʻia ʻo FESEM me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi microscope Nova NanoSEM 450 (FEI Corporation, USA). ʻO ka volta wikiwiki 1 kV, ka nui o ka wahi 2.0. Hoʻohana ka hāmeʻa i kahi probe CBS e loaʻa i nā electrons lua a me nā electrons backscattered no ka nānā ʻana i ka topography. Ua hana ʻia ʻo EMF me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana Oxford X-Max N50 EMF (Oxford Instruments Technology Co., Ltd.) me ka volta wikiwiki o 15 kV a me ka nui o ka wahi 3.0. ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ka qualitative a me ka quantitative e hoʻohana ana i nā X-rays hiʻohiʻona. Ua hana ʻia ka X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ma kahi spectrometer Escalab 250Xi (Thermo Fisher Scientific Corporation, USA) e hana ana ma ke ʻano ikehu paʻa me ka mana hoʻonāukiuki o 150 W a me ka radiation monochromatic Al Kα (1486.6 eV) ma ke ʻano he kumu hoʻonāukiuki. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka laulā scan piha 0–1600 eV, ka ikehu holoʻokoʻa 50 eV, ka laulā ʻanuʻu 1.0 eV, a me ke kalapona haumia (~284.8 eV) ma ke ʻano he mau kuhikuhi hoʻoponopono hoʻouku ikehu nakinaki. ʻO ka ikehu pass no ka scanning haiki he 20 eV me kahi ʻanuʻu o 0.05 eV. Ua hana ʻia ka spectroscopy reflectance diffuse ma ka ʻāpana UV-visible ma kahi spectrometer Cary 5000 (Varian, USA) me kahi papa barium sulfate maʻamau ma ka laulā scanning o 10–80°.
Ma kēia hana, ʻo ka haku mele (pakeneka kaumaha) o ke kila kila 304 he 0.08 C, 1.86 Mn, 0.72 Si, 0.035 P, 0.029 s, 18.25 Cr, 8.5 Ni, a ʻo ke koena he Fe. 10mm x 10mm x 10mm 304 kila kila, i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ipu hao epoxy me ka ʻili ākea 1 cm2 i hōʻike ʻia. Ua one ʻia kona ʻili me ka pepa one silicon carbide 2400 grit a holoi ʻia me ka ethanol. A laila ua sonicated ʻia ke kila kila i loko o ka wai deionized no 5 mau minuke a laila mālama ʻia i loko o ka umu.
Ma ka hoʻokolohua OCP, ua kau ʻia ke kila kila 304 a me kahi photoanode Ag/NiS/TiO2 i loko o kahi cell corrosion a me kahi cell photoanode, kēlā me kēia (Kiʻi 2). Ua hoʻopiha ʻia ke cell corrosion me kahi hopena 3.5% NaCl, a ua ninini ʻia ʻo 0.25 M Na2SO3 i loko o ke cell photoanode ma ke ʻano he pahele lua. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā electrolytes ʻelua mai ka hui ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka membrane naphthol. Ua ana ʻia ʻo OCP ma kahi workstation electrochemical (P4000+, USA). ʻO ka electrode kuhikuhi he electrode calomel saturated (SCE). Ua kau ʻia kahi kumu kukui (kukui xenon, PLS-SXE300C, Poisson Technologies Co., Ltd.) a me kahi papa ʻoki 420 ma ka puka o ke kumu kukui, e ʻae ana i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia e hele ma waena o ke aniani quartz i ka photoanode. Hoʻopili ʻia ka electrode kila kila 304 i ka photoanode me kahi uea keleawe. Ma mua o ka hoʻokolohua, ua hoʻomohu ʻia ka electrode kila kila 304 i loko o ka hopena 3.5% NaCl no 2 hola e hōʻoia i ke kūlana paʻa. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻokolohua, i ka wā e hoʻā ʻia ai ke kukui a pio, hiki nā electrons i hoʻonāukiuki ʻia o ka photoanode i ka ʻili o ke kila kila 304 ma o ke kaula.
I nā hoʻokolohua ma ka nui o ke kahe o ke kiʻi, ua kau ʻia nā photoanodes 304SS a me Ag/NiS/TiO2 i loko o nā cell corrosion a me nā cell photoanode, kēlā me kēia (Kiʻi 3). Ua ana ʻia ka nui o ke kahe o ke kiʻi ma ka hoʻonohonoho like me ka OCP. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nui o ke kahe o ke kiʻi ma waena o ke kila kila 304 a me ka photoanode, ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi potentiostat ma ke ʻano he ammeter kūʻē ʻole e hoʻohui i ke kila kila 304 a me ka photoanode ma lalo o nā kūlana polarized ʻole. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ua hoʻopōkole ʻia nā electrodes kuhikuhi a me nā counter i loko o ka hoʻonohonoho hoʻokolohua, i hana ai ka electrochemical workstation ma ke ʻano he ammeter kūʻē ʻole e hiki ke ana i ka nui o ke kahe maoli. Hoʻopili ʻia ka electrode kila kila 304 i ka honua o ka electrochemical workstation, a hoʻopili ʻia ka photoanode i ka ʻūpā electrode hana. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻokolohua, i ka wā e hoʻā ʻia ai ke kukui a pio, hiki i nā electrons i hoʻonāukiuki ʻia o ka photoanode ma o ke kaula i ka ʻili o ke kila kila 304. I kēia manawa, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi loli o ka nui o ke kahe o ka photocurrent ma ka ʻili o ke kila kila 304.
No ke aʻo ʻana i ka hana palekana cathodic o nā nanocomposites ma ke kila kila 304, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia nā loli i ka hiki ke photoionization o ke kila kila 304 a me nā nanocomposites, a me nā loli i ka nui o ke au photoionization ma waena o nā nanocomposites a me nā kila kila 304.
Ma ke kiʻi 4 e hōʻike ana i nā loli i ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia o ke kila kila kila 304 a me nā nanocomposites ma lalo o ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana o ka mālamalama a ma lalo o nā kūlana pōʻeleʻele. Ma ke kiʻi 4a e hōʻike ana i ka hopena o ka manawa hoʻokaʻawale NiS ma o ka hoʻokomo ʻana ma ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, a hōʻike ke kiʻi 4b i ka hopena o ka nui o ka nitrate kālā ma ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka wā o ka photoreduction. Ma ke kiʻi 4a e hōʻike ana ua emi nui ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia o ka nanocomposite NiS/TiO2 i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke kila kila kila 304 i ka manawa e hoʻā ʻia ai ke kukui i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka nickel sulfide composite. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma mua o nā nanowires TiO2 maʻemaʻe, e hōʻike ana ua hoʻopuka ka nickel sulfide composite i nā electrons hou aʻe a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena pale photocathode mai TiO2. Eia naʻe, i ka hopena o ka hōʻike ʻana, piʻi koke ka hiki ke hoʻouka ʻole i ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻole o ke kila kila kila, e hōʻike ana ʻaʻohe hopena mālama ikehu o ka nickel sulfide. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka hopena o ka helu o nā pōʻaiapuni hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma ke kiʻi 4a. I ka manawa hoʻopaʻa ʻana o 6, hiki ka hiki ke kiʻekiʻe loa o ka nanocomposite i -550 mV e pili ana i ka electrode calomel saturated, a ʻo ka hiki o ka nanocomposite i waiho ʻia e kahi kumu o 6 ua haʻahaʻa loa ia ma mua o ka nanocomposite ma lalo o nā kūlana ʻē aʻe. No laila, ʻo nā nanocomposites NiS/TiO2 i loaʻa ma hope o 6 mau pōʻaiapuni hoʻopaʻa ʻana i hāʻawi i ka palekana cathodic maikaʻi loa no ke kila kila 304.
Nā loli i ka OCP o nā electrodes kila kila 304 me nā nanocomposites NiS/TiO2 (a) a me nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 (b) me a me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana (λ > 400 nm).
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi 4b, ua emi nui ka hiki ke kaapuni hāmama o ke kila kila kila 304 a me nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 i ka wā i hōʻike ʻia ai i ka mālamalama. Ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o nā nanoparticles kālā ma luna o ka ʻili, ua emi nui ka hiki ke kaapuni hāmama i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā nanowires TiO2 maʻemaʻe. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka hiki o ka nanocomposite NiS/TiO2, e hōʻike ana ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia ka hopena pale cathodic o TiO2 ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o nā nanoparticles Ag. Ua piʻi koke ka hiki ke kaapuni hāmama i ka hopena o ka hōʻike ʻana, a i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka electrode calomel saturated, hiki i ka hiki ke kaapuni hāmama ke hiki i -580 mV, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ke kila kila kila 304 (-180 mV). Hōʻike kēia hopena he hopena mālama ikehu kupaianaha ko ka nanocomposite ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o nā ʻāpana kālā ma luna o kona ʻili. Ma ke kiʻi 4b hōʻike pū i ka hopena o ka nui o ka nitrate kālā ma ka hiki ke kaapuni hāmama. Ma kahi nui o ka nitrate kālā o 0.1 M, hiki i ka palena palena e pili ana i kahi electrode calomel saturated -925 mV. Ma hope o 4 mau pōʻaiapuni noi, ua noho ka hiki ke hoʻomau ma ka pae ma hope o ka noi mua ʻana, e hōʻike ana i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa o ka nanocomposite. No laila, ma kahi ʻano nitrate kālā o 0.1 M, ʻo ka hopena o ka nanocomposite Ag/NiS/TiO2 ka hopena pale cathodic maikaʻi loa ma ke kila kila 304.
Hoʻomaikaʻi mālie ka waiho ʻana o NiS ma luna o ka ʻili o nā nanowires TiO2 me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka manawa waiho NiS. Ke pā ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia i ka ʻili o ka nanowire, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahi hana nickel sulfide e hoʻoulu ai e hana i nā electrons, a emi nui ka hiki ke photoionization. Eia nō naʻe, ke waiho nui ʻia nā nanoparticles nickel sulfide ma luna o ka ʻili, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka nickel sulfide i hoʻoulu ʻia, ʻaʻole ia e kōkua i ka omo ʻana o ka mālamalama. Ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o nā ʻāpana kālā ma luna o ka ʻili, ma muli o ka hopena resonance plasmon o ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana kālā, e hoʻoili koke ʻia nā electrons i hana ʻia i ka ʻili o ke kila kila 304, e hopena ana i ka hopena pale cathodic maikaʻi loa. Ke waiho nui ʻia nā ʻāpana kālā ma luna o ka ʻili, lilo nā ʻāpana kālā i wahi recombination no nā photoelectrons a me nā lua, ʻaʻole ia e kōkua i ka hana ʻana o nā photoelectrons. I ka hopena, hiki i nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 ke hāʻawi i ka pale cathodic maikaʻi loa no ke kila kila 304 ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o 6-fold nickel sulfide ma lalo o 0.1 M silver nitrate.
Hōʻike ka waiwai o ka nui o ke kahe o ka photocurrent i ka mana hoʻokaʻawale o nā electrons a me nā lua i hoʻomohala ʻia ma ke kiʻi, a ʻo ka nui o ka nui o ke kahe o ka photocurrent, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka mana hoʻokaʻawale o nā electrons a me nā lua i hoʻomohala ʻia ma ke kiʻi. Nui nā haʻawina e hōʻike ana ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo NiS i ka synthesis o nā mea photocatalytic e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai photoelectric o nā mea a e hoʻokaʻawale i nā lua15,16,17,18,19,20. Ua aʻo ʻo Chen et al. i ka graphene noble-metal-free a me nā composites g-C3N4 i hoʻololi ʻia me NiS15. ʻO ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe loa o ke kahe o ka photocurrent o ka g-C3N4/0.25%RGO/3%NiS i hoʻololi ʻia he 0.018 μA/cm2. Ua aʻo ʻo Chen et al. iā CdSe-NiS me ka nui o ke kahe o ka photocurrent ma kahi o 10 µA/cm2.16. Ua synthesize ʻo Liu et al. i kahi composite CdS@NiS me ka nui o ke kahe o ka photocurrent o 15 µA/cm218. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o NiS no ka pale ʻana i ka photocathode. I kā mākou noiʻi ʻana, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka nui o ke kahe o ka photocurrent o TiO2 e ka hoʻololi ʻana o NiS. Ma ke kiʻi 5 e hōʻike ana i nā loli i ka nui o ke kahe o ka photocurrent o ke kila kila kila 304 a me nā nanocomposites ma lalo o nā kūlana mālamalama ʻike ʻia a me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi 5a, piʻi koke ka nui o ke kahe o ka photocurrent o ka nanocomposite NiS/TiO2 i ka manawa e hoʻā ʻia ai ke kukui, a he maikaʻi ka nui o ke kahe o ka photocurrent, e hōʻike ana i ke kahe ʻana o nā electrons mai ka nanocomposite a i ka ʻili ma o ka electrochemical workstation. 304 kila kila kila. Ma hope o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o nā composites nickel sulfide, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kahe o ka photocurrent ma mua o nā nanowires TiO2 maʻemaʻe. Hiki i ka nui o ke kahe o ka photocurrent o NiS i 220 μA/cm2, ʻo ia hoʻi he 6.8 mau manawa ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā nanowires TiO2 (32 μA/cm2), ke hoʻokomo ʻia a waiho ʻia ʻo NiS i 6 mau manawa. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi. Ma ke kiʻi 5b, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kahe o ke ala ma waena o ka nanocomposite Ag/NiS/TiO2 a me ke kila kila 304 ma mua o ka TiO2 maʻemaʻe a me ka nanocomposite NiS/TiO2 i ka wā i hoʻā ʻia ai ma lalo o ke kukui xenon. Ma ke kiʻi. Hōʻike pū ka Kiʻi 5b i ka hopena o ka nui o ka AgNO ma ka nui o ke ala i ka wā o ka photoreduction. Ma kahi nui o ka nitrate kālā o 0.1 M, hiki i kona nui o ke ala i 410 μA/cm2, ʻo ia hoʻi he 12.8 manawa ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā nanowires TiO2 (32 μA/cm2) a he 1.8 manawa ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā nanocomposites NiS/TiO2. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kahua uila heterojunction ma ka interface Ag/NiS/TiO2 nanocomposite, kahi e hoʻomaʻalahi ai i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā electrons photogenerated mai nā lua.
Nā loli i ka nui o ke kahe o ke kiʻi o kahi electrode kila kila 304 me (a) NiS/TiO2 nanocomposite a me (b) Ag/NiS/TiO2 nanocomposite me a me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana (λ > 400 nm).
No laila, ma hope o 6 mau pōʻaiapuni o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka nickel sulfide i loko o ka 0.1 M silver nitrate i hoʻohuihui ʻia, hiki i ka photocurrent density ma waena o Ag/NiS/TiO2 nanocomposites a me ke kila kila 304 i 410 μA/cm2, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka saturated calomel. hiki i nā electrodes -925 mV. Ma lalo o kēia mau kūlana, hiki i ke kila kila 304 i hui pū ʻia me Ag/NiS/TiO2 ke hāʻawi i ka palekana cathodic maikaʻi loa.
Ma ke kiʻi 6 e hōʻike ana i nā kiʻi microscope electron o ka ʻili o nā nanowires titanium dioxide maʻemaʻe, nā nanoparticles nickel sulfide composite, a me nā nanoparticles kālā ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono. Ma ke kiʻi 6a, hōʻike ʻo d i nā nanowires TiO2 maʻemaʻe i loaʻa ma o ka anodization hoʻokahi-kahua. He like ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka ʻili o nā nanowires titanium dioxide, kokoke nā ʻano o nā nanowires kekahi i kekahi, a like ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka nui o ka pore. ʻO nā kiʻi 6b a me e nā micrographs electron o ka titanium dioxide ma hope o ka impregnation 6-fold a me ka waiho ʻana o nā composites nickel sulfide. Mai kahi kiʻi microscope electron i hoʻonui ʻia he 200,000 mau manawa ma ke kiʻi 6e, hiki ke ʻike ʻia he ʻano like nā nanoparticles composite nickel sulfide a he nui ka nui o ka ʻāpana ma kahi o 100-120 nm ke anawaena. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kekahi mau nanoparticles ma ke kūlana spatial o nā nanowires, a ʻike maopopo ʻia nā nanowires titanium dioxide. Ma ke kiʻi. Hōʻike ʻo 6c,f i nā kiʻi microscopic electron o nā nanocomposites NiS/TiO2 ma kahi ʻano AgNO o 0.1 M. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā Kiʻi 6b a me ke kiʻi 6e, hōʻike ʻo ke kiʻi 6c a me ke kiʻi 6f ua waiho ʻia nā nanoparticles Ag ma luna o ka ʻili o ka mea hui pū ʻia, me nā nanoparticles Ag i hoʻolaha like ʻia me ke anawaena o kahi 10 nm. Ma ke kiʻi 7 hōʻike i kahi ʻāpana kea o nā nanofilms Ag/NiS/TiO2 i hoʻokomo ʻia i 6 mau pōʻaiapuni o ka waiho ʻana o NiS ma kahi ʻano AgNO3 o 0.1 M. Mai nā kiʻi hoʻonui kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili i ana ʻia he 240-270 nm. No laila, ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā nanoparticles nickel a me ke kālā sulfide ma luna o ka ʻili o nā nanowires TiO2.
ʻO nā kiʻi TiO2 maʻemaʻe (a, d), NiS/TiO2 nanocomposites me 6 mau pōʻaiapuni o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o NiS (b, e) a me Ag/NiS/NiS me 6 mau pōʻaiapuni o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o NiS ma 0.1 M AgNO3 SEM o nā nanocomposites TiO2 (c, e).
ʻO ka ʻāpana kea o nā nanofilms Ag/NiS/TiO2 i hoʻokomo ʻia i 6 mau pōʻaiapuni o ka waiho ʻana o NiS ma kahi nui o AgNO3 o 0.1 M.
Ma ke kiʻi 8 e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā mea ma luna o ka ʻili o nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 i loaʻa mai 6 mau pōʻaiapuni o ka nickel sulfide dip deposition ma kahi ʻano nitrate kālā o 0.1 M. Hōʻike ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā mea ma luna o ka ʻili ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Ti, O, Ni, S a me Ag. me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka spectroscopy ikehu. Ma ke ʻano o ka ʻike, ʻo Ti a me O nā mea maʻamau i ka hoʻolaha ʻana, ʻoiai ʻo Ni a me S ua like like, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kā lākou ʻike ma mua o Ag. Hiki ke hōʻoia ʻia hoʻi ʻoi aku ka nui o nā nanoparticles kālā composite ma luna o ka ʻili ma mua o ka nickel sulfide. ʻO ka hoʻolaha like ʻana o nā mea ma luna o ka ʻili e hōʻike ana ua hoʻopaʻa like ʻia ka nickel a me ke kālā sulfide ma luna o ka ʻili o nā nanowires TiO2. Ua hana hou ʻia ka nānā ʻana o ka spectroscopic photoelectron X-ray e kālailai i ke ʻano kikoʻī a me ke kūlana hoʻopaʻa o nā mea.
Ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā mea (Ti, O, Ni, S, a me Ag) o nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 ma kahi nui o AgNO3 o 0.1 M no 6 mau pōʻaiapuni o ka waiho ʻana o NiS.
Ma ke kiʻi. Hōʻike ke Kiʻi 9 i nā spectra XPS o nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 i loaʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i 6 mau pōʻaiapuni o ka waiho ʻana o ka nickel sulfide ma o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i loko o 0.1 M AgNO3, kahi i loaʻa ai i ke kiʻi. 9a ka spectrum piha, a ʻo ke koena o nā spectra he mau spectra hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe o nā mea. E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai ka spectrum piha ma ke Kiʻi. 9a, ua loaʻa nā piko absorption o Ti, O, Ni, S, a me Ag i loko o ka nanocomposite, kahi e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ke ola ʻana o kēia mau mea ʻelima. Ua kūlike nā hopena hoʻāʻo me ka EDS. ʻO ka piko keu ma ke Kiʻi 9a ʻo ia ka piko kalapona i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoponopono no ka ikehu hoʻopaʻa o ka laʻana. Ma ke kiʻi. Hōʻike ke Kiʻi 9b i kahi spectrum ikehu hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe o Ti. Aia nā piko absorption o nā orbitals 2p ma 459.32 a me 465 eV, e pili ana i ka absorption o nā orbitals Ti 2p3/2 a me Ti 2p1/2. Hōʻoia ʻelua mau piko absorption he valence Ti4+ ko titanium, e pili ana iā Ti ma TiO2.
Nā spectra XPS o nā ana Ag/NiS/TiO2 (a) a me nā spectra XPS hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe o Ti2p(b), O1s(c), Ni2p(d), S2p(e), a me Ag 3d(f).
Ma ke kiʻi 9d e hōʻike ana i kahi spectrum ikehu Ni hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe me ʻehā mau piko absorption no ka orbital Ni 2p. ʻO nā piko absorption ma 856 a me 873.5 eV e pili ana i nā orbitals Ni 2p3/2 a me Ni 2p1/2 8.10, kahi e pili ana nā piko absorption iā NiS. ʻO nā piko absorption ma 881 a me 863 eV no ka nickel nitrate a ua hoʻokumu ʻia e ka reagent nickel nitrate i ka wā o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka laʻana. Ma ke kiʻi 9e e hōʻike ana i kahi S-spectrum hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe. Aia nā piko absorption o nā orbitals S 2p ma 161.5 a me 168.1 eV, e pili ana i nā orbitals S 2p3/2 a me S 2p1/2 21, 22, 23, 24. No nā hui nickel sulfide kēia mau piko ʻelua. ʻO nā piko absorption ma 169.2 a me 163.4 eV no ka reagent sodium sulfide. Ma ke kiʻi. Hōʻike ʻo 9f i kahi spectrum Ag hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe kahi i loaʻa ai nā piko absorption orbital 3d o ke kālā ma 368.2 a me 374.5 eV, kēlā me kēia, a ʻelua mau piko absorption e pili ana i nā orbits absorption o Ag 3d5/2 a me Ag 3d3/212, 13. Hōʻike nā piko ma kēia mau wahi ʻelua e loaʻa ana nā nanoparticles kālā ma ke ʻano o ke kālā elemental. No laila, ua haku nui ʻia nā nanocomposites me Ag, NiS a me TiO2, i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ka mea i hōʻoia ua hui pono ʻia nā nanoparticles nickel a me ke kālā sulfide ma ka ʻili o nā nanowires TiO2.
Ma ke kiʻi 10 e hōʻike ana i nā spectra reflectance diffuse UV-VIS o nā nanowires TiO2 i hoʻomākaukau hou ʻia, nā nanocomposites NiS/TiO2, a me nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ke kiʻi ʻo ka paepae absorption o nā nanowires TiO2 ma kahi o 390 nm, a ʻo ka mālamalama i omo ʻia ua kau nui ʻia ma ka ʻāpana ultraviolet. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ke kiʻi ma hope o ka hui pū ʻana o nā nanoparticles nickel a me ke kālā sulfide ma ka ʻili o nā nanowires titanium dioxide 21, 22, hoʻolaha ka mālamalama i omo ʻia i loko o ka ʻāpana mālamalama i ʻike ʻia. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻonui ka nanocomposite i ka absorption UV, kahi e pili ana me kahi āpau band haiki o ka nickel sulfide. ʻO ka haiki o ka band gap, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka pale ikehu no nā hoʻololi uila a ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mālamalama. Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka ʻili NiS/TiO2 me nā nanoparticles kālā, ʻaʻole i hoʻonui nui ʻia ka ikaika absorption a me ka nalu māmā, ʻo ia hoʻi ma muli o ka hopena o ka plasmon resonance ma ka ʻili o nā nanoparticles kālā. ʻAʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia ka nalu omo o nā nanowires TiO2 i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hakahaka band haiki o nā nanoparticles NiS composite. I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ma hope o ka nickel sulfide composite a me nā nanoparticles kālā ma luna o ka ʻili o nā nanowires titanium dioxide, ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia kona mau ʻano omo māmā, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka laulā omo māmā mai ka ultraviolet a i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia, kahi e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka helu hoʻohana o nā nanowires titanium dioxide. mālamalama e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hiki o ka mea ke hana i nā photoelectrons.
Nā spectra reflectance diffuse UV/Vis o nā nanowires TiO2 hou, nā nanocomposites NiS/TiO2, a me nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2.
Ma ke kiʻi 11 e hōʻike ana i ke ʻano o ke kūʻē ʻana i ka palaho photochemical o nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 ma lalo o ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana o ka mālamalama. Ma muli o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā nanoparticles kālā, nickel sulfide, a me ke kāʻei conduction o titanium dioxide, ua manaʻo ʻia kahi palapala ʻāina hiki o ke ʻano o ke kūʻē ʻana i ka palaho. No ka mea, he maikaʻi ʻole ka hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka nickel sulfide, a he maikaʻi ʻole ka hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka titanium dioxide, ʻo ke kuhikuhi o ke kahe ʻana o ka electron ma kahi o Ag→NiS→TiO2→304 kila kila. Ke hoʻomālamalama ʻia ka mālamalama ma luna o ka ʻili o ka nanocomposite, ma muli o ka hopena o ka resonance plasmon o ka ʻili o ka nanosilver, hiki i ka nanosilver ke hana koke i nā lua a me nā electrons photogenerated, a neʻe koke nā electrons photogenerated mai ke kūlana valence band i ke kūlana conduction band ma muli o ka hoʻonāukiuki. Titanium dioxide a me nickel sulfide. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka conductivity o nā nanoparticles kālā ma mua o ka nickel sulfide, ua hoʻololi koke ʻia nā electrons i loko o ka TS o nā nanoparticles kālā i TS o ka nickel sulfide. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka hiki ke alakaʻi o ka nickel sulfide ma mua o ka titanium dioxide, no laila e hōʻiliʻili koke nā electrons o ka nickel sulfide a me ke alakaʻi o ke kālā i loko o ka CB o ka titanium dioxide. Hiki i nā electrons photogenerated i hana ʻia i ka ʻili o ke kila kila 304 ma o ka matrix titanium, a komo nā electrons i hoʻonui ʻia i ke kaʻina hana hoʻemi oxygen cathodic o ke kila kila 304. Hoʻemi kēia kaʻina hana i ka hopena cathodic a i ka manawa like e kāohi i ka hopena hoʻoheheʻe anodic o ke kila kila 304, no laila e ʻike ai i ka pale cathodic o ke kila kila 304. Ma muli o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ke kahua uila o ka heterojunction i loko o ka nanocomposite Ag/NiS/TiO2, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka hiki ke alakaʻi o ka nanocomposite i kahi kūlana maikaʻi ʻole, kahi e hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ai i ka hopena pale cathodic o ke kila kila 304.
Kiʻikuhi kiʻikuhi o ke kaʻina hana anti-corrosion photoelectrochemical o nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia.
Ma kēia hana, ua hoʻohui ʻia nā nanoparticles nickel a me ke kālā sulfide ma luna o ka ʻili o nā nanowires TiO2 ma o kahi ʻano hoʻokomo maʻalahi a me ke ʻano photoreduction. Ua hana ʻia kekahi mau haʻawina e pili ana i ka pale cathodic o nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 ma ke kila kila 304. Ma muli o nā ʻano morphological, ka nānā ʻana i ka haku mele a me ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻano omo mālamalama, ua hana ʻia nā hopena nui penei:
Me ka nui o nā pōʻaiapuni impregnation-deposition o ka nickel sulfide o 6 a me ka nui o ka nitrate kālā no ka photoreduction o 0.1 mol/l, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena o nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 ma luna o ke kila kila 304. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi electrode calomel saturated, hiki i ka hiki ke pale aku i -925 mV, a hiki i ke au pale aku i 410 μA/cm2.
Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kahua uila heterojunction ma ka interface Ag/NiS/TiO2 nanocomposite, kahi e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka mana hoʻokaʻawale o nā electrons a me nā lua i hoʻomohala ʻia. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mālamalama a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka laulā omo mālamalama mai ka ʻāpana ultraviolet a i ka ʻāpana ʻike ʻia. E mālama mau ka nanocomposite i kona kūlana mua me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi ma hope o 4 mau pōʻaiapuni.
He ʻili like a mānoanoa ko nā nanocomposites Ag/NiS/TiO2 i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma o ka hoʻokolohua. Hoʻohui like ʻia nā nanoparticles nickel sulfide a me ke kālā ma luna o ka ʻili o nā nanowires TiO2. He maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe nā nanoparticles cobalt ferrite a me ke kālā.
ʻO Li, MC, Luo, SZ, Wu, PF & Shen, JN Ka hopena palekana photocathodic o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni TiO2 no ke kila kalapona i loko o nā hopena 3% NaCl. ʻO Li, MC, Luo, SZ, Wu, PF & Shen, JN Ka hopena palekana photocathodic o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni TiO2 no ke kila kalapona i loko o nā hopena 3% NaCl. Li, MC, Luo, SZ, Wu, PF & Shen, JN ʻO Li, MC, Luo, SZ, Wu, PF & Shen, JN Ka hopena palekana Photocathode o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni TiO2 no ke kila kalapona i loko o nā hopena 3% NaCl. Li, MC, Luo, SZ, Wu, PF & Shen, JN TiO2 薄膜在3% NaCl 溶液中对碳钢的光阴极保护效果。 Li, MC, Luo, SZ, Wu, PF & Shen, JN TiO2 薄膜在3% NaCl 溶液中对碳钢的光阴极保护效果。 Li, MC, Luo, SZ, Wu, PF & Shen, JN. Li, MC, Luo, SZ, Wu, PF & Shen, JN Ka pale ʻana o ka photocathode o ke kila kalapona me nā ʻili lahilahi TiO2 i loko o ka hopena 3% NaCl.ʻElectrochem. Acta 50, 3401–3406 (2005).
ʻO Li, J., Lin, CJ, Lai, YK & Du, RG Ka palekana cathodic photogenerated o ka ʻili TiO2 nanostructured, N-doped e like me ka pua ma ke kila kila. ʻO Li, J., Lin, CJ, Lai, YK & Du, RG Ka palekana cathodic photogenerated o ka ʻili TiO2 nanostructured, N-doped e like me ka pua ma ke kila kila.ʻO Lee, J., Lin, SJ, Lai, YK a me Du, RG Ka palekana cathodic photogenerated o kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni TiO2 nanostructured, nitrogen-doped ma ke ʻano o kahi pua ma luna o ke kila kila. Li, J., Lin, CJ, Lai, YK & Du, RG 花状纳米结构N 掺杂TiO2 薄膜在不锈钢上的光生阴极保护。 Li, J., Lin, CJ, Lai, YK & Du, RG.ʻO Lee, J., Lin, SJ, Lai, YK a me Du, RG Ka palekana cathodic photogenerated o nā ʻiliʻili lahilahi nanostructured TiO2 i hoʻohui ʻia me ka nitrogen ma ke kila kila.heʻenalu He ʻaʻahu. ʻenehana 205, 557–564 (2010).
ʻO Zhou, MJ, Zeng, ZO & Zhong, L. Nā waiwai palekana cathode i hana ʻia ma ke kiʻi o ka uhi TiO2/WO3 nano-sized. ʻO Zhou, MJ, Zeng, ZO & Zhong, L. Nā waiwai palekana cathode i hana ʻia ma ke kiʻi o ka uhi TiO2/WO3 nano-sized.ʻO Zhou, MJ, Zeng, ZO lāua ʻo Zhong, L. Nā waiwai pale cathodic i hoʻomohala ʻia o ka uhi nanoscale TiO2/WO3. Zhou, MJ, Zeng, ZO & Zhong, L. 纳米TiO2/WO3 涂层的光生阴极保护性能。 Zhou, MJ, Zeng, ZO & Zhong, L. 纳米TiO2/WO3 涂层的光生阴极保护性能。ʻO Zhou MJ, Zeng ZO lāua ʻo Zhong L. Nā waiwai pale cathodic i hoʻohua ʻia ma ke kiʻi o nā uhi nano-TiO2/WO3.koros. ka ʻepekema. 51, 1386–1397 (2009).
Park, H., Kim, KY & Choi, W. Ke ala photoelectrochemical no ka pale ʻana i ka pala hao me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi photoanode semiconductor. Park, H., Kim, KY & Choi, W. Ke ala photoelectrochemical no ka pale ʻana i ka pala hao me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi photoanode semiconductor.Park, H., Kim, K.Yu. a me Choi, V. He ala photoelectrochemical no ka pale ʻana i ka pala hao me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi photoanode semiconductor. Park, H., Kim, KY & Choi, W. 使用半导体光阳极防止金属腐蚀的光电化学方法。 Park, H., Kim, KY & Choi, W.ʻO Park H., Kim K.Yu. lāua ʻo Choi V. Nā ʻano hana photoelectrochemical no ka pale ʻana i ka pala o nā metala me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā photoanodes semiconductor.J. Physics. Kemika. V. 106, 4775–4781 (2002).
ʻO Shen, GX, Chen, YC, Lin, L., Lin, CJ & Scantlebury, D. Ke aʻo ʻana i kahi uhi nano-TiO2 hydrophobic a me kona mau waiwai no ka pale ʻana i ka pala o nā metala. ʻO Shen, GX, Chen, YC, Lin, L., Lin, CJ & Scantlebury, D. Ke aʻo ʻana i kahi uhi nano-TiO2 hydrophobic a me kona mau waiwai no ka pale ʻana i ka pala o nā metala. Shen, GX, Chen, YC, Lin, L., Lin, CJ & Scantlebury, D. ʻO Shen, GX, Chen, YC, Lin, L., Lin, CJ & Scantlebury, D. Noiʻi ʻana i kahi uhi nano-TiO2 hydrophobic a me kona mau waiwai no ka pale ʻana i ka pala o nā metala. Shen, GX, Chen, YC, Lin, L., Lin, CJ & Scantlebury, D. 疏水纳米二氧化钛涂层及其金属腐蚀防护性能的研究。 ʻO Shen, GX, Chen, YC, Lin, L., Lin, CJ & Scantlebury, D. Ke aʻo ʻana i ka uhi nano-titanium dioxide a me kona mau waiwai pale metala. Shen, GX, Chen, YC, Lin, L., Lin, CJ & Scantlebury, D. Гидрофобные покрытия из нано-TiO2 и их свойства защиты металлов от коррозии. ʻO Shen, GX, Chen, YC, Lin, L., Lin, CJ & Scantlebury, D. Nā uhi hydrophobic o nano-TiO2 a me kā lākou mau waiwai pale i ka pala no nā metala.ʻElekikokema. Acta 50, 5083–5089 (2005).
ʻO Yun, H., Li, J., Chen, HB & Lin, CJ He noiʻi e pili ana i nā uhi nano-TiO2 i hoʻololi ʻia ʻo N, S a me Cl no ka pale ʻana i ka pala o ke kila kila. ʻO Yun, H., Li, J., Chen, HB & Lin, CJ He noiʻi e pili ana i nā uhi nano-TiO2 i hoʻololi ʻia ʻo N, S a me Cl no ka pale ʻana i ka pala o ke kila kila.ʻO Yun, H., Li, J., Chen, HB lāua ʻo Lin, SJ Noiʻi ʻana i nā uhi nano-TiO2 i hoʻololi ʻia me ka naikokene, sulfur a me ka chlorine no ka pale ʻana i ka pala o ke kila kila. Yun, H., Li, J., Chen, HB & Lin, CJ N、S 和Cl 改性纳米二氧化钛涂层用于不锈钢腐蚀防护的研究。 ʻO Yun, H., Li, J., Chen, HB & Lin, CJ N, S a me Cl Yun, H., Li, J., Chen, HB & Lin, CJ Покрытия N, S и Cl, модифицированные нано-TiO2, для защиты от коррозии нержавеющей стали. ʻO Yun, H., Li, J., Chen, HB & Lin, CJ Nā uhi N, S a me Cl i hoʻololi ʻia e Nano-TiO2 no ka pale ʻana i ka pala o ke kila kila.ʻElekikokema. Puke 52, 6679–6685 (2007).
ʻO Zhu, YF, Du, RG, Chen, W., Qi, HQ & Lin, CJ Nā waiwai palekana photocathodic o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni pūnaewele nanowire titanate ʻekolu-dimensional i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e kahi hui sol-gel a me ke ʻano hydrothermal. ʻO Zhu, YF, Du, RG, Chen, W., Qi, HQ & Lin, CJ Nā waiwai palekana photocathodic o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni pūnaewele nanowire titanate ʻekolu-dimensional i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e kahi hui sol-gel a me ke ʻano hydrothermal. Zhu, YF, Du, RG, Chen, W., Qi, HQ & Lin, CJ. комбинированным золь-гель и гидротермическим методом. ʻO Zhu, YF, Du, RG, Chen, W., Qi, HQ & Lin, CJ Nā waiwai pale photocathodic o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻupena ʻekolu-dimensional o nā nanowires titanate i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka hui pū ʻana o ka sol-gel a me ke ʻano hydrothermal. Zhu, YF, Du, RG, Chen, W., Qi, HQ & Lin, CJ 溶胶-凝胶和水热法制备三维钛酸盐纳米线网络薄膜的光。 Zhu, YF, Du, RG, Chen, W., Qi, HQ & Lin, CJ. Nā mea pale o 消铺-铲和水热法发气小水小水化用线线电视电器电影电影电影电影电影电影电影电影. Zhu, YF, Du, RG, Chen, W., Qi, HQ & Lin, CJ. золь-гель и гидротермическими методами. ʻO Zhu, YF, Du, RG, Chen, W., Qi, HQ & Lin, CJ Nā waiwai palekana photocathodic o nā ʻiliʻili lahilahi pūnaewele nanowire titanate ʻekolu-dimensional i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e nā ʻano sol-gel a me hydrothermal.Kemika uila. kamaʻilio 12, 1626–1629 (2010).
ʻO Lee, JH, Kim, SI, Park, SM & Kang, M. He ʻōnaehana photocatalytic NiS-sensitized TiO2 pn heterojunction no ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kalapona dioxide i ka methane. ʻO Lee, JH, Kim, SI, Park, SM & Kang, M. He ʻōnaehana photocatalytic NiS-sensitized TiO2 pn ​​heterojunction no ka hoʻemi pono ʻana o ke kalapona dioxide i ka methane.ʻO Lee, JH, Kim, SI, Park, SM, a me Kang, M. Ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana photocatalytic TiO2 i hoʻonui ʻia e ka pn-heterojunction NiS no ka hoʻemi pono ʻana i ke kalapona dioxide i ka methane. Lee, JH, Kim, SI, Park, SM & Kang, M. 一种pn 异质结NiS 敏化TiO2 光催化系统，用于将二氧化碳高效化碳高效光丘。 Lee, JH, Kim, SI, Pāka, SM & Kang, M.ʻO Lee, JH, Kim, SI, Park, SM, a me Kang, M. Ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana photocatalytic TiO2 i hoʻonui ʻia e ka pn-heterojunction NiS no ka hoʻemi pono ʻana i ke kalapona dioxide i ka methane.nā keramika. Wehewehena. 43, 1768–1774 (2017).
ʻO Wang, QZ et al. Hana ʻo CuS lāua ʻo NiS ma ke ʻano he cocatalysts e hoʻoikaika i ka ulu ʻana o ka hydrogen photocatalytic ma TiO2. Wehewehe ʻana. J.Hydro. Energy 39, 13421–13428 (2014).
Liu, Y. & Tang, C. Hoʻonui ʻia o ka ulu ʻana o ka photocatalytic H2 ma luna o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni nano-sheet TiO2 ma o ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā nanoparticles NiS. Liu, Y. & Tang, C. Hoʻonui ʻia o ka ulu ʻana o ka photocatalytic H2 ma luna o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni nano-sheet TiO2 ma o ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā nanoparticles NiS.ʻO Liu, Y. lāua ʻo Tang, K. Hoʻonui ʻia o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka photocatalytic H2 i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni nanosheet TiO2 ma o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka ʻili o nā nanoparticles NiS. Liu, Y. & Tang, C. 通过表面负载NiS 纳米颗粒增强TiO2 纳米片薄膜上的光催化产氢。 Liu, Y. & Tang, C.ʻO Liu, Y. lāua ʻo Tang, K. Hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana hydrogen photocatalytic ma nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi o nā nanosheets TiO2 ma ke kau ʻana i nā nanoparticles NiS ma luna o ka ʻili.las. J. Physics. Kemika. A 90, 1042–1048 (2016).
Huang, XW & Liu, ZJ Haʻawina hoʻohālikelike o ke ʻano a me nā waiwai o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni nanowire Ti-O-based i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka anodization a me nā ʻano oxidation kemika. Huang, XW & Liu, ZJ Haʻawina hoʻohālikelike o ke ʻano a me nā waiwai o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni nanowire Ti-O-based i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka anodization a me nā ʻano oxidation kemika. Huang, XW & Liu, ZJ. химического окисления. ʻO Huang, XW & Liu, ZJ He haʻawina hoʻohālikelike o ke ʻano a me nā waiwai o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni nanowire Ti-O i loaʻa ma o nā ʻano anodizing a me nā hana oxidation kemika. Huang, XW & Liu, ZJ 阳极氧化法和化学氧化法制备的Ti-O 基纳米线薄膜结构和性能的比羃。 Huang, XW & Liu, ZJ 阳极oxidation法和chemicaloxidation法preparation的Ti-O基基基小线thin film structure和property的comparative research. Huang, XW & Liu, ZJ Сравнительное исследование структуры и свойств тонких пленок из нанопроволоки на основе Ti-O, полихач химическим окислением. ʻO Huang, XW & Liu, ZJ He haʻawina hoʻohālikelike o ke ʻano a me nā waiwai o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi Ti-O nanowire i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka anodization a me ka oxidation kemika.J. Alma mater. ʻepekema ʻenehana 30, 878–883 (2014).
Ua hoʻohui pū ʻo Li, H., Wang, XT, Liu, Y. & Hou, BR Ag lāua ʻo SnO2 i nā photoanodes TiO2 no ka pale ʻana i ka 304SS ma lalo o ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia. Ua hoʻohui pū ʻo Li, H., Wang, XT, Liu, Y. & Hou, BR Ag lāua ʻo SnO2 i nā photoanodes TiO2 no ka pale ʻana i ka 304SS ma lalo o ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia. Li, H., Wang, XT, Liu, Y. & Hou, BR Ag и SnO2 совместно сенсибилизировали фотоаноды TiO2 для защиты 304SS в видимом свете. Ua hoʻohui ʻo Li, H., Wang, XT, Liu, Y. & Hou, BR Ag lāua ʻo SnO2 i nā photoanodes TiO2 i hoʻonui ʻia e pale aku i ka 304SS i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia. Li, H., Wang, XT, Liu, Y. & Hou, BR Ag 和SnO2 共敏化TiO2 光阳极，用于在可见光下保护304SS。 Li, H., Wang, XT, Liu, Y. & Hou, BR Ag Li, H., Wang, XT, Liu, Y. & Hou, BR Фотоанод TiO2, совместно сенсибилизированный Ag и SnO2, для защиты 304SS в видимом свете. ʻO Li, H., Wang, XT, Liu, Y. & Hou, BR A TiO2 photoanode i hoʻopili pū ʻia me Ag a me SnO2 no ka pale ʻana i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia o 304SS.koros. ka ʻepekema. 82, 145–153 (2014).
Ua hui pū ʻo Wen, ZH, Wang, N., Wang, J. & Hou, BR Ag lāua ʻo CoFe2O4 i ka TiO2 nanowire no ka pale photocathodic o 304 SS ma lalo o ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia. Ua hui pū ʻo Wen, ZH, Wang, N., Wang, J. & Hou, BR Ag lāua ʻo CoFe2O4 i ka TiO2 nanowire no ka pale photocathodic o 304 SS ma lalo o ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia.Ua hoʻopili pū ʻia ʻo Wen, ZH, Wang, N., Wang, J. lāua ʻo Howe, BR Ag lāua ʻo CoFe2O4 me TiO2 nanowire no ka pale ʻana i ka photocathode 304 SS i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia. Wen, ZH, Wang, N., Wang, J. & Hou, BR Ag 和CoFe2O4 共敏化TiO2 纳米线，用于在可见光下对304 SS 进行光阴极。 Wen, ZH, Wang, N., Wang, J. & Hou, BR AgUa hoʻohui pū ʻo Wen, ZH, Wang, N., Wang, J. lāua ʻo Howe, BR Ag lāua ʻo CoFe2O4 i nā nanowires TiO2 no ka pale ʻana i ka photocathode 304 SS i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia.Wehewehe ʻana. J. Electrochemistry. ka ʻepekema. 13, 752–761 (2018).
ʻO Bu, YY & Ao, JP He loiloi ma nā ʻiliʻili lahilahi semiconductor pale cathodic photoelectrochemical no nā metala. ʻO Bu, YY & Ao, JP He loiloi no ka pale cathodic photoelectrochemical o nā ʻiliʻili lahilahi semiconductor no nā metala. Bu, YY & Ao, JP Обзор фотоэлектрохимической катодной защиты тонких полупроводниковых пленок для металлов. Bu, YY & Ao, JP Loiloi o ka Photoelectrochemical Cathodic Protection o nā ʻIliʻili Lahilahi Semiconductor no nā Metala. Bu, YY & Ao, JP 金属光电化学阴极保护半导体薄膜综述。 Bu, YY & Ao, JP metallization 光电视光阴极电影电影电影电视设计。 Bu, YY & Ao, JP Обзор металлической фотоэлектрохимической катодной защиты тонких полупроводниковых пленок. ʻO Bu, YY & Ao, JP He loiloi o ka pale cathodic photoelectrochemical metala o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni semiconductor lahilahi.He kaiapuni ikehu ʻōmaʻomaʻo. 2, 331–362 (2017).