Kev tswj cov plua plav kom zoo tuaj yeem yog ib qho nyuaj rau cov khw muag khoom me me mus rau nruab nrab. Hauv qab no yog cov lus teb rau cov lus nug uas cov thawj coj khw vuam me thiab nruab nrab feem ntau nug txog kev tswj xyuas huab cua zoo.Getty Images
Kev vuam, kev txiav plasma, thiab kev txiav laser tsim cov pa phem, feem ntau hu ua cov pa phem, uas muaj cov hmoov av me me uas nyob hauv huab cua uas ua los ntawm cov khoom me me qhuav. Cov hmoov av no tuaj yeem txo qhov zoo ntawm huab cua, ua rau khaus qhov muag lossis daim tawv nqaij, ua rau lub ntsws puas tsuaj, thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij thaum nws poob rau ntawm cov chaw.
Cov pa luam yeeb uas ua los ntawm kev vuam yuav muaj cov hlau lead oxide, hlau oxide, nickel, manganese, tooj liab, chromium, cadmium thiab zinc oxide. Qee cov txheej txheem vuam kuj tsim cov pa phem xws li nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide thiab ozone.
Kev tswj cov plua plav thiab cov pa phem hauv chaw ua haujlwm kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm koj cov neeg ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv thiab ib puag ncig. Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los ntes cov plua plav yog siv lub kaw lus sau cov plua plav uas tshem tawm ntawm huab cua, tso tawm sab nraud, thiab rov qab los ua huab cua huv hauv tsev.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev tswj hwm cov plua plav kom zoo tuaj yeem yog qhov nyuaj rau cov khw muag khoom me me mus rau nruab nrab vim yog tus nqi thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb. Qee qhov chaw no yuav sim tswj cov plua plav thiab pa phem ntawm lawv tus kheej, xav tias lawv cov khw muag khoom tsis xav tau lub tshuab sau plua plav.
Txawm koj nyuam qhuav pib ua lag luam lossis tau ua lag luam tau ntau xyoo los xij, tej zaum koj yuav xav paub txog cov lus teb rau cov lus nug uas cov thawj coj ntawm lub khw vuam me thiab nruab nrab feem ntau nug txog kev tswj xyuas huab cua zoo.
Ua ntej, ua ntej tshaj plaws, tsim kom muaj kev pheej hmoo thiab kev txo qis kev noj qab haus huv. Piv txwv li, kev ntsuam xyuas kev huv huv hauv kev lag luam yuav pab koj txheeb xyuas cov khoom phom sij hauv cov hmoov av thiab txiav txim siab qib kev raug. Kev ntsuam xyuas no yuav tsum suav nrog kev ntsuam xyuas koj lub chaw kom ntseeg tau tias koj ua tau raws li Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) rau cov hmoov av uas tsim los ntawm koj daim ntawv thov.
Nug koj tus neeg muag khoom siv nqus plua plav seb lawv puas tuaj yeem pom zoo tus kws tu cev hauv kev lag luam lossis lub tuam txhab tsim kho ib puag ncig uas muaj kev paub txog kev txheeb xyuas cov plua plav thiab cov pa phem tshwj xeeb rau cov chaw ua hlau.
Yog tias koj rov ua kom huab cua huv rov qab mus rau koj lub chaw, xyuas kom nws nyob qis dua qhov txwv kev ua haujlwm uas OSHA PEL teem rau cov pa phem. Yog tias koj tso pa tawm sab nraum zoov, nco ntsoov tias koj yuav tsum ua raws li Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv Ib Puag Ncig (EPA) Lub Tebchaws Cov Qauv Kev Tso Pa Tawm rau Cov Pa Phem Huab Cua.
Thaum kawg, thaum tsim koj lub tshuab rho plua plav, koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias koj tsim ib qho chaw ua haujlwm vuam uas muaj kev nyab xeeb raws li peb Cs ntawm kev rho plua plav thiab kev tshem tawm cov pa phem: ntes, xa, thiab ntim. Qhov kev tsim no feem ntau suav nrog qee hom lub hau ntes pa phem lossis txoj kev, xa cov pa phem mus rau qhov chaw ntes, ntsuas qhov loj ntawm cov pa phem rov qab mus rau lub tshuab sau, thiab xaiv lub kiv cua uas tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov ntim ntawm lub kaw lus thiab qhov hluav taws xob.
Nov yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm lub tshuab nqus plua plav hauv kev lag luam uas nyob sab nraum lub chaw vuam. Duab: Camfil APC
Ib lub tshuab sau plua plav uas tsim los rau koj txoj haujlwm yog ib qho kev tswj hwm engineering uas tau ua pov thawj thiab tau lees paub tias ntes, xa tawm thiab muaj cov pa phem hauv huab cua. Cov tshuab sau plua plav qhuav nrog cov lim dej cartridge ua haujlwm zoo thiab cov lim dej thib ob yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ntes cov hmoov av uas ua pa tau.
Cov tshuab ntes qhov chaw yog nrov rau cov ntawv thov uas cuam tshuam nrog kev vuam cov khoom me me thiab cov khoom siv. Feem ntau, lawv suav nrog cov phom rho pa taws (cov lus qhia nqus), cov caj npab rho pa taws yooj ywm, thiab cov kaus mom pa taws slotted lossis cov kaus mom rho pa taws me me nrog cov ntaub thaiv sab. Cov no feem ntau yog kho kom haum rau daim ntawv thov nrog kev cuam tshuam tsawg kawg nkaus rau cov haujlwm.
Cov ntaub thaiv thiab cov ntaub thaiv npog feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj qhov loj li 12 feet los ntawm 20 feet lossis tsawg dua. Cov ntaub thaiv lossis cov phab ntsa tawv tuaj yeem ntxiv rau sab ntawm lub hood los tsim ib qho chaw lossis qhov chaw kaw. Hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov hlwb vuam robotic, nws feem ntau siv tau ib qho chaw kaw tag nrho hla thiab nyob ib puag ncig daim ntawv thov. Qhov no siv rau cov neeg hlau vuam ib leeg thiab ob txhais caj npab thiab cov neeg hlau txiav plasma ntau-axis.
Thaum koj daim ntawv thov tsis sib xws nrog cov lus qhia tau hais ua ntej, ib lub tshuab ib puag ncig tuaj yeem tsim los tshem tawm cov pa luam yeeb ntawm feem ntau, yog tias tsis yog tag nrho qhov chaw. Nco ntsoov tias thaum koj mus ntawm qhov chaw ntes, qhov chaw kaw thiab lub qhov cua mus rau qhov chaw sau cua, cov cua uas xav tau nce ntxiv ntau, ib yam li tus nqi ntawm lub tshuab.
Ntau lub khw muag khoom me thiab nruab nrab feem ntau tsuas teb tom qab sim siv cov txheej txheem DIY txuag nyiaj, xws li qhib qhov rooj thiab qhov rai thiab tsim lawv tus kheej cov pa tso pa tawm, los tswj cov pa luam yeeb. Qhov teeb meem yog tias cov pa luam yeeb phem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj dua thiab feem ntau ua rau cov txheej txheem no nyuaj rau cov nqi hluav taws xob nce siab lossis tsim kev nyuaj siab loj heev hauv lub chaw.
Thawj qhov koj yuav tsum ua yog nrhiav seb qhov twg muaj teeb meem feem ntau tshwm sim hauv koj lub chaw. Qhov no yuav yog cov pa luam yeeb ntawm lub rooj plasma, kev siv arc gouging, lossis kev vuam ntawm lub rooj ua haujlwm. Los ntawm qhov ntawd, ua cov txheej txheem uas tsim cov pa luam yeeb ntau tshaj plaws ua ntej. Nyob ntawm seb muaj pa luam yeeb ntau npaum li cas, lub tshuab nqa tau yooj yim yuav pab koj dhau mus.
Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los txo cov pa phem uas cov neeg ua haujlwm raug yog ua haujlwm nrog lub tuam txhab tsim cov khoom siv plua plav zoo uas tuaj yeem pab koj txheeb xyuas thiab tsim ib lub tshuab tshwj xeeb rau koj lub chaw. Feem ntau, qhov no suav nrog kev teeb tsa lub tshuab sau plua plav nrog lub lim dej thawj zaug thiab lub lim dej kev nyab xeeb thib ob ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Cov lim dej tseem ceeb uas koj xaiv rau txhua daim ntawv thov yuav tsum yog raws li qhov loj ntawm cov hmoov av, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ntws, qhov ntau thiab kev faib tawm. Cov lim dej saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb thib ob, xws li cov lim dej HEPA, ua kom cov khoom ntes tau zoo dua mus txog 0.3 microns lossis ntau dua (ntes tau feem pua ​​​​​​ntau ntawm PM1) thiab tiv thaiv cov pa phem kom tsis txhob raug tso tawm mus rau hauv huab cua yog tias lub lim dej tseem ceeb tsis ua haujlwm.
Yog tias koj twb muaj lub tshuab tswj pa luam yeeb lawm, ua tib zoo saib xyuas koj lub khw kom paub seb puas muaj tej yam uas qhia tias nws tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Qee cov cim ceeb toom suav nrog:
Saib xyuas cov huab cua uas tuab thiab dai rau hauv huab cua thoob plaws hnub tom qab koj qhov kev vuam. Txawm li cas los xij, cov pa luam yeeb ntau tsis tas txhais tau tias koj lub tshuab rho tawm tsis ua haujlwm zoo, nws txhais tau tias koj tau ua dhau qhov peev xwm ntawm koj lub tshuab tam sim no. Yog tias koj nyuam qhuav nce kev tsim khoom, koj yuav tsum rov ntsuas koj qhov kev teeb tsa tam sim no thiab hloov pauv kom haum rau qhov kev nce ntxiv ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Kev tswj hwm cov hmoov av thiab cov pa phem kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm koj cov neeg ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv thiab ib puag ncig hauv chaw ua haujlwm.
Thaum kawg, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum mloog, soj ntsuam, thiab nug koj cov neeg ua haujlwm. Lawv tuaj yeem qhia rau koj paub yog tias koj cov kev tswj hwm engineering tam sim no puas tswj tau cov hmoov av hauv koj lub chaw thiab qhia cov chaw rau kev txhim kho.
Cov cai ntawm OSHA rau cov lag luam me tuaj yeem nyuaj heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los txog rau kev paub cov cai twg koj yuav tsum ua raws li thiab cov cai twg koj zam tau. Feem ntau, cov khw muag khoom me me xav tias lawv tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej cov cai ntawm OSHA - txog thaum tus neeg ua haujlwm yws. Cia peb hais meej meej: Kev tsis quav ntsej cov cai tsis tshem tawm cov kev pheej hmoo kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Raws li Tshooj 5(a)(1) ntawm OSHA Cov Kev Cai Lub Luag Haujlwm Dav Dav, cov tswv ntiav haujlwm yuav tsum txheeb xyuas thiab txo cov kev phom sij hauv chaw ua haujlwm. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov tswv ntiav haujlwm yuav tsum khaws cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas txhua qhov kev phom sij (hmoov av) uas tsim tawm hauv lawv cov chaw. Yog tias cov hmoov av yog cov khoom siv hluav taws kub thiab tawg, kev tswj hwm cov hmoov av yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov qauv ntawm National Fire Protection Association, yog tias tsis yog, cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj xyuas yuav tsum tau khaws cia.
OSHA kuj teeb tsa cov kev txwv PEL rau cov pa phem hauv huab cua los ntawm kev vuam thiab kev ua haujlwm hlau. Cov PEL no yog raws li qhov nruab nrab 8-teev ntawm ntau pua cov hmoov av, suav nrog cov uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov pa phem ntawm kev vuam thiab kev ua haujlwm hlau uas teev nyob rau hauv lub rooj PEL Annotated. Thaum kev saib xyuas huab cua thawj zaug qhia txog qib kev raug mob siab dua qib kev ua haujlwm, cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai ntxiv raws li OSHA.
Raws li tau hais lawm, pa luam yeeb tuaj yeem ua rau khaus qhov muag thiab tawv nqaij. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum paub txog cov teeb meem lom ntau dua.
Cov khoom me me (PM) uas muaj txoj kab uas hla 10 microns lossis tsawg dua (≤ PM10) tuaj yeem ncav cuag txoj hlab pa, thaum cov khoom me me 2.5 microns lossis tsawg dua (≤ PM2.5) tuaj yeem nkag mus tob rau hauv lub ntsws. Cov khoom me me uas ua pa tau nrog txoj kab uas hla 1.0 microns lossis tsawg dua (≤ PM1) ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau dua vim tias lawv tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav.
Kev raug PM tsis tu ncua ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob ua pa, suav nrog mob qog noj ntshav ntsws. Ntau yam khoom me me los ntawm kev vuam thiab kev ua haujlwm hlau poob rau hauv qhov kev pheej hmoo no, thiab qhov xwm txheej thiab qhov hnyav ntawm qhov kev pheej hmoo yuav txawv nyob ntawm hom khoom siv uas raug ua. Txawm koj siv cov hlau tsis xeb, hlau tsis hnyav, txhuas, galvanized, lossis lwm yam khoom siv, cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv yog qhov pib zoo rau kev txheeb xyuas cov kev pheej hmoo kev noj qab haus huv.
Manganese yog cov hlau tseem ceeb hauv cov hlau vuam thiab tuaj yeem ua rau mob taub hau, qaug zog, tsis muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog. Kev raug cov pa manganese ntev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ntawm lub paj hlwb.
Kev raug tshuaj hexavalent chromium (hexavalent chromium), uas yog ib yam carcinogen uas tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm vuam cov hlau uas muaj chromium, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob ua pa sab saud luv luv thiab khaus qhov muag lossis tawv nqaij.
Cov zinc oxide los ntawm kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm cov hlau galvanized tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob kub taub hau, uas yog ib qho mob luv luv nrog cov tsos mob zoo li mob khaub thuas hnyav tom qab so haujlwm, xws li hnub so lossis tom qab hnub so.
Yog tias koj twb muaj lub tshuab tswj pa luam yeeb lawm, saib xyuas koj lub khw kom zoo zoo rau tej yam uas qhia tias nws tsis ua haujlwm zoo, xws li cov pa luam yeeb uas tuab zuj zus thoob plaws hnub.
Cov cim thiab tsos mob ntawm kev raug beryllium muaj xws li ua tsis taus pa, hnoos, qaug zog, poob phaus, kub taub hau, thiab hws hmo ntuj.
Hauv kev vuam thiab txiav cov haujlwm kub, lub kaw lus rho plua plav uas tsim tau zoo thiab tswj tau zoo yuav tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem ua pa thiab ua kom cov chaw ua haujlwm ua raws li cov cai ntawm huab cua tam sim no.
Yog. Cov pa luam yeeb tuaj yeem npog cov khoom sib pauv cua sov thiab cov kauj txias, ua rau HVAC systems yuav tsum tau kho tas li. Cov pa luam yeeb vuam tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov lim dej HVAC, ua rau cov tshuab cua sov tsis ua haujlwm thiab txhaws cov kauj txias cua txias. Kev pabcuam HVAC tas mus li tuaj yeem kim heev, tab sis lub tshuab ua haujlwm tsis zoo tuaj yeem tsim cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Ib txoj cai yooj yim tab sis tseem ceeb rau kev nyab xeeb yog hloov lub lim plua plav ua ntej nws dhau los ua ntau dhau. Hloov lub lim yog tias koj pom ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no:
Qee cov lim dej cartridge uas siv tau ntev tuaj yeem khiav tau ob xyoos lossis ntau dua ntawm kev hloov pauv. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntawv thov uas muaj hmoov av ntau feem ntau xav tau kev hloov lim dej ntau zaus.
Kev xaiv lub lim dej hloov pauv zoo rau koj lub cartridge collector tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau tus nqi thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub system. Ceev faj thaum yuav cov lim dej hloov pauv rau koj lub cartridge collector - tsis yog txhua lub lim dej zoo ib yam.
Feem ntau, cov neeg yuav khoom tsuas muaj tus nqi zoo tshaj plaws xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi teev tseg tsis yog phau ntawv qhia zoo tshaj plaws rau kev yuav lub lim dej cartridge.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, kev tiv thaiv koj thiab koj cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog lub kaw lus sau plua plav kom zoo yuav pab tau koj lub lag luam me mus rau nruab nrab kom vam meej.
WELDER, yav tas los hu ua Practical Welding Today, qhia txog cov neeg tiag tiag uas ua cov khoom uas peb siv thiab ua haujlwm nrog txhua hnub. Phau ntawv xov xwm no tau pab cov zej zog vuam hauv North America tau ntau tshaj 20 xyoo.
Tam sim no nrog kev nkag mus rau tag nrho cov ntawv digital ntawm The FABRICATOR, nkag mus tau yooj yim rau cov peev txheej muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev lag luam.
Cov ntawv xov xwm digital ntawm The Tube & Pipe Journal tam sim no nkag tau tag nrho, muab kev nkag mus tau yooj yim rau cov peev txheej muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev lag luam.
Txaus siab rau kev nkag mus rau tag nrho cov ntawv digital ntawm STAMPING Journal, uas muab cov kev nce qib tshiab tshaj plaws, cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov xov xwm kev lag luam rau kev lag luam hlau stamping.
Tam sim no nrog kev nkag mus rau tag nrho cov ntawv digital ntawm The Fabricator en Español, nkag mus tau yooj yim rau cov peev txheej muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev lag luam.