Sonke sakhe iinqaba zesanti elunxwemeni: iindonga ezomeleleyo, iinqaba ezinkulu, imisele ezele ngookrebe. Ukuba uyinto efana nam, uya kumangaliswa indlela encinci yamanzi enamathela ngayo-ubuncinci de umkhuluwa wakho abonise kwaye ayikhabe ngovuyo olutshabalalisayo.
Usomashishini uDan Gelbart ukwasebenzisa amanzi ukudibanisa imathiriyeli, nangona uyilo lwakhe lomelele ngakumbi kunomboniso wolwandle wempelaveki.
Njengomongameli kunye nomseki we-Rapidia Tech Inc., umboneleli weenkqubo zoshicilelo ze-3D zetsimbi eVancouver, eBritish Columbia, naseLibertyville, e-Illinois, uGelbart uye waphuhlisa indlela yokuvelisa inxenye ephelisa amanyathelo athatha ixesha ahambelana nobuchwephesha obukhuphisanayo ngelixa ilula kakhulu ukususwa kwenkxaso. .
Kwakhona kwenza ukudibanisa iindawo ezininzi kungabikho nzima kunokuba nje uzifake emanzini kunye nokuwadibanisa kunye-kwanamalungu enziwe ngeendlela zokuvelisa eziqhelekileyo.
UGelbart uxoxa ngomahluko osisiseko phakathi kwenkqubo yakhe esekwe emanzini kunye nezo zisebenzisa umgubo wesinyithi oqulethe i-20% ukuya kwi-30% wax kunye nepolymer (ngomthamo). I-Rapidia eneentloko ezimbini zesinyithi ze-3D abashicileli bavelisa i-paste evela kumgubo wesinyithi, amanzi kunye ne-resin binder kwiimali ukusuka kwi-0.3 ukuya kwi-0.4%.
Ngenxa yoko, wachaza, inkqubo yokudibanisa efunekayo ngobuchwepheshe obukhuphisanayo, ehlala ithatha iintsuku ezininzi, iyacinywa kwaye inxalenye ingathunyelwa ngqo kwi-oven sintering.
Ezinye iinkqubo ubukhulu becala “kwishishini le-injection ye-long-standing molding (MIM) efuna iindawo ezingafakwanga ezingafakwanga ukuba ziqulathe ubungakanani obuphezulu bepolymer ukwenza kube lula ukukhululwa kwabo kubumba,” utshilo uGelbart. "Nangona kunjalo, isixa sepolymer esifunekayo ukudibanisa iinxalenye zoshicilelo lwe-3D ngokwenene sincinci kakhulu-isinye kwishumi seepesenti sanele kwiimeko ezininzi."
Ngoko kutheni usela amanzi? Njengomzekelo wethu we-sandcastle osetyenziselwa ukwenza intlama (intsimbi yentsimbi kule meko), i-polymer ibamba amaqhekeza kunye njengoko omile. Isiphumo siyinxalenye kunye nokuqina kunye nokuqina kwetshokhwe esecaleni kwendlela, eyomelele ngokwaneleyo yokumelana nomatshini we-post-assembly, i-machining ethambileyo (nangona uGelbart ecebisa umatshini we-post-sinter), ukudibanisa ngamanzi kunye nezinye iindawo ezingagqitywanga, kwaye zithunyelwe kwi-oven.
Ukuphelisa ukuchithwa kwe-degreasing kwakhona kuvumela iindawo ezinkulu, ezinodonga olungqingqwa ukuba ziprintwe kuba xa usebenzisa i-polymer powders efakwe kwi-polymer, i-polymer ayikwazi "ukutshisa" ukuba iindonga zenxalenye zinzima kakhulu.
UGelbart uthe omnye umenzi wezixhobo ufuna ubukhulu bodonga obuyi-6mm okanye ngaphantsi. “Ke masithi wakha inxalenye emalunga nobukhulu bemowusi yekhompyuter. Kwimeko enjalo, ngaphakathi kuya kufuneka ukuba ube nomgongxo okanye mhlawumbi uhlobo oluthile lomnatha. Oku kuhle kakhulu kwizicelo ezininzi, nokuba lula kuyinjongo. Kodwa ukuba amandla omzimba afuneka njengebholiti okanye enye inxalenye yokuqina okukhulu, ngoko [inaliti yomgubo wentsimbi] okanye iMIM idla ngokungafanelekanga.”
Ifoto eprintiweyo esandula ukuprintwa ibonisa izinto zangaphakathi ezintsonkothileyo ezinokuveliswa ngumshicileli weRapidia.
U-Gelbart walatha ezinye iifitsha ezininzi zomshicileli. Iikhatriji eziqulethe i-metal paste ziphinda zizaliseke kwaye abasebenzisi abazibuyisela kwi-Rapidia ukuze baphinde bazalise baya kufumana amanqaku kuyo nayiphi na into engasetyenziswanga.
Izinto ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo, kubandakanywa i-316 kunye ne-17-4PH insimbi engenasici, i-INCONEL 625, i-ceramic kunye ne-zirconia, kunye nobhedu, i-tungsten carbide kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi ekuphuhlisweni. Izinto ezixhasayo - isithako esiyimfihlo kwiiprinta ezininzi zetsimbi - zenzelwe ukuprinta i-substrates enokususwa okanye "i-evaporated" ngesandla, ivule umnyango kwezinye izinto zangaphakathi ezingenakulinganiswa.
I-Rapidia ikwishishini iminyaka emine kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, isaqala. “Inkampani ithatha ixesha layo ukulungisa izinto,” utshilo uGelbart.
Kuze kube ngoku, yena kunye neqela lakhe basebenzise iinkqubo ezintlanu, kubandakanywa enye kwi-Selkirk Technology Access Centre (STAC) eBritish Columbia. Umphandi uJason Taylor ebesebenzisa umatshini ukusukela ekupheleni kukaJanuwari kwaye ubone iingenelo ezininzi ngaphezulu kwabashicileli abakhoyo be-STAC 3D.
Waphawula ukuba ukukwazi “ukuncamathelisa ngamanzi” iindawo ezikrwada ngaphambi kokuba sintering zinamandla amakhulu. Kwakhona unolwazi malunga nemiba ehambelana nokunciphisa amafutha, kubandakanywa nokusetyenziswa kunye nokulahlwa kweekhemikhali. Ngelixa izivumelwano ezingachazwanga zithintela uTaylor ekwabelaneni ngeenkcukacha zomsebenzi wakhe omninzi apho, iprojekthi yakhe yokuqala yovavanyo yinto abaninzi bethu abanokucinga ngayo: intonga eprintiweyo ye-3D.
“Kwabonakala kugqibelele,” watsho ngoncumo. “Sibugqibile ubuso, semba imingxuma yeshafti, kwaye ndiyayisebenzisa ngoku.Sichukumisekile ngumgangatho womsebenzi owenziweyo ngenkqubo entsha.Njengazo zonke iindawo ezisiniweyo, kukho ukushwabana nokungahambi kakuhle, kodwa umatshini wanele.Ngokungaguquguqukiyo, sinokuyibuyekeza ezi ngxaki kuyilo.
INgxelo eyoNgezelelweyo igxile ekusetyenzisweni kobugcisa bokwenza okongeziweyo kwimveliso yokwenyani. Abavelisi namhlanje basebenzisa ushicilelo lwe-3D ukwenza izixhobo kunye nezixhobo, kwaye abanye basebenzisa i-AM kwimveliso ephezulu. Amabali abo azakuboniswa apha.