Kua hanga katoa tātou i ngā whare onepū i te takutai: he taiepa nunui, he pourewa whakahīhī, he awaawa kī tonu i ngā mangō. Ki te rite koe ki ahau, ka miharo koe ki te pai o te piri o tētahi wai iti ki a rātou anō—kia tae rā anō ki te putanga mai o tō tuakana, ka whana i te wai i roto i te harikoa whakangaro.
Ka whakamahia hoki e te kaipakihi a Dan Gelbart te wai hei hono i ngā rauemi, ahakoa he roa ake te mau o tana hoahoa i te whakaaturanga takutai moana i te mutunga wiki.
Hei perehitini me te kaiwhakaū o Rapidia Tech Inc., he kaiwhakarato pūnaha tā 3D whakarewa i Vancouver, British Columbia, me Libertyville, Illinois, kua whakawhanakehia e Gelbart tētahi tikanga hanga wāhanga e whakakore ana i ngā mahi roa e noho ana i roto i ngā hangarau whakataetae, me te whakangāwari ake i te tango tautoko.
Mā tēnei ka kore e uaua ake te hono i ngā wāhanga maha i te tōia noa ki roto i te wai ka whakapiri tahi—ahakoa mō ngā wāhanga i hangaia mā ngā tikanga hanga tuku iho.
Ka kōrero a Gelbart mō ētahi rerekētanga matua i waenga i āna pūnaha wai me ērā e whakamahi ana i ngā paura whakarewa kei roto ko te 20% ki te 30% te ware pi me te polymer (mā te rahinga). Ka hangaia e ngā pūreretā 3D whakarewa takirua-rua a Rapidia he whakapiri mai i te paura whakarewa, te wai me te here kapia i roto i ngā rahinga mai i te 0.3 ki te 0.4%.
Nā tēnei, e ai ki tāna, ka whakakorehia te tukanga tango i te paipa e hiahiatia ana e ngā hangarau whakataetae, e hia ngā rā te roa, ā, ka taea te tuku tika i te wāhanga ki te oumu whakawera.
Ko ngā tukanga kē atu kei roto i te "umanga hanga werohanga (MIM) kua roa e whakamahia ana, e hiahia ana kia nui te nui o te polymer i roto i ngā wāhanga kāore i pania kia taea ai te tuku mai i te pokepokea ai," te kī a Gelbart. "Heoi, he iti noa iho te nui o te polymer e hiahiatia ana hei hono i ngā wāhanga mō te tānga 3D—he nui te kotahi tekau o te ōrau i te nuinga o te wā."
Nā, he aha ai te inu wai? Pērā i tā tātou tauira whare onepu i whakamahia hei hanga whakapiri (he whakapiri whakarewa i tēnei wā), ka pupuri te polymer i ngā wahi i a rātou e maroke ana. Ko te hua he wāhanga he rite te matotoru me te pakeke ki te tio ara, he kaha ki te tu atu i te miihini i muri i te huihuinga, te miihini ngawari (ahakoa e taunaki ana a Gelbart i te miihini i muri i te sinter), te huihuinga me te wai me ētahi atu wāhanga kāore i oti, ka tukuna ki te oumu.
Mā te whakakore i te hinu ka taea te tā i ngā wāhanga nunui ake, matotoru ake hoki, nā te mea ina whakamahia ngā paura whakarewa kua whakakiia ki te polymer, e kore e taea e te polymer te "tahu" mēnā he matotoru rawa ngā pakitara o ngā wāhanga.
I kī a Gelbart, i hiahiatia e tētahi kaihanga taputapu he matotoru pakitara o te 6mm, iti iho rānei. "Nō reira, me kī tātou kei te hanga koe i tētahi wāhanga e rite ana te rahi ki te kiore rorohiko. I taua wā, me takoto kau te roto, me hangai rānei ki tētahi momo mata. He pai tēnei mō ngā mahi maha, ko te māmā te whāinga. Engari ki te hiahiatia he kaha tinana pērā i te pūtu, i tētahi atu wāhanga kaha rānei, kāore i te pai te [werohanga paura whakarewa] te MIM rānei."
E whakaatu ana te whakaahua o te manifold hou i ngā āhuatanga uaua o roto ka taea e te pūreretā Rapidia te whakaputa.
E tohu ana a Gelbart i ētahi atu āhuatanga o te pūreretā. Ka taea te whakakī anō i ngā kātere kei roto he whakapiri whakarewa, ā, ka whiwhi ngā kaiwhakamahi e whakahoki ana i aua kātere ki Rapidia hei whakakī anō i a rātou mō ngā rauemi kāore anō kia whakamahia.
He maha ngā momo rauemi e wātea ana, tae atu ki te maitai kore waikura 316 me te 17-4PH, te INCONEL 625, te uku me te zirconia, tae atu ki te parahi, te tungsten carbide me ētahi atu rauemi kei te hangaia. Ko ngā rauemi tautoko – te wāhanga ngaro o te maha o ngā mīhini tā whakarewa – he mea hanga hei tā i ngā papa ka taea te tango, te "whakamomona" rānei mā te ringaringa, ka huaki te kuaha ki ngā mea o roto kāore e taea te whakaputa anō.
E whā tau a Rapidia e mahi ana i te pakihi, ā, e tika ana, kei te tīmata noa iho. "Kei te whai wā te kamupene ki te whakatika i ngā mea," te kī a Gelbart.
Tae noa ki tēnei wā, e rima ngā pūnaha kua whakatinanahia e ia me tana tīma, tae atu ki tētahi i te Selkirk Technology Access Center (STAC) i British Columbia. Kua whakamahia e te kairangahau a Jason Taylor te mīhini mai i te mutunga o Hānuere, ā, kua kite ia i ngā painga maha atu i ētahi pūreretā 3D STAC o nāianei.
I kī ia he nui te kaha o te "piripiri tahi ki te wai" i ngā wāhanga mata i mua i te whakahinuhinu. E mōhio ana hoki ia ki ngā take e pā ana ki te tango hinu, tae atu ki te whakamahinga me te whakakorenga o ngā matū. Ahakoa e aukati ana ngā whakaaetanga kore whakaaturanga i a Taylor ki te whakapuaki i ngā taipitopito o te nuinga o āna mahi ki reira, ko tana kaupapa whakamātautau tuatahi he mea e whakaarohia ana e te tini o tātou: he rākau tānga 3D.
"I tino pai te putanga mai," tana kī me te menemene. "I oti i a mātou te mata, i keria ngā kōhao mō te kakau, ā, kei te whakamahia e au ināianei. He tino miharo mātou ki te kounga o te mahi i mahia me te pūnaha hou. Pērā i ngā wāhanga kua whakatōkia katoa, he iti te whakahekenga, he iti hoki te he o te tūnga, engari he rawaka te mīhini. I ngā wā katoa, ka taea e mātou te whakatika i ēnei raruraru i roto i te hoahoa."
E arotahi ana te Pūrongo Tāpiri ki te whakamahinga o ngā hangarau hanga tāpiri i roto i te mahi hanga tūturu. Kei te whakamahi ngā kaihanga i ēnei rā i te tānga 3D hei hanga taputapu me ngā taputapu, ā, kei te whakamahi ētahi i te AM mō te mahi hanga nui. Ka whakaatuhia ā rātou kōrero ki konei.