Twese twubatse umusenyi ku mucanga: inkuta zikomeye, iminara ihebuje, ibinogo byuzuye inyanja. Niba hari icyo umeze nkanjye, uzatungurwa nuburyo amazi make afatanye-byibuze kugeza igihe musaza wawe mukuru yigaragarije akayitera umunezero mwinshi.
Rwiyemezamirimo Dan Gelbart akoresha kandi amazi mu guhuza ibikoresho, nubwo igishushanyo cye kiramba cyane kuruta icyumweru cyo kureba ku mucanga.
Nka perezida nuwashinze Rapidia Tech Inc., utanga sisitemu yo gucapa ibyuma bya 3D i Vancouver, muri Columbiya y’Ubwongereza, na Libertyville, muri Illinois, Gelbart yashyizeho uburyo bwo gukora igice gikuraho intambwe zitwara igihe zikoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga rihiganwa mu gihe byoroshe cyane gukuraho inkunga. .
Bituma kandi guhuza ibice byinshi bitagoranye nko kubishira mumazi make no kubihambira hamwe - ndetse no mubice bikozwe muburyo gakondo bwo gukora.
Gelbart ivuga itandukaniro rinini hagati ya sisitemu ishingiye kumazi n’abakoresha ifu yicyuma irimo ibishashara 20% kugeza 30% na polymer (kubwinshi). Rapidia ifite imitwe ibiri yicyuma ya 3D icapa itanga paste ivuye mu ifu yicyuma, amazi hamwe na resin binder muburyo buri hagati ya 0.3 na 0.4%.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, yasobanuye ko inzira yo gutesha agaciro isabwa n’ikoranabuhanga rirushanwa, akenshi bifata iminsi myinshi, rivaho kandi igice gishobora koherezwa mu ziko.
Gelbart yagize ati: "Ubundi buryo bukoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda zimaze igihe kirekire (MIM) zisaba ibice bitaracapuwe kugira ngo habeho umubare munini wa polymer kugira ngo byoroherezwe kuva mu ifu." “Icyakora, umubare wa polymer ukenewe kugira ngo uhuze ibice byo gucapa 3D mu by'ukuri ni muto cyane - kimwe cya cumi ku ijana kirahagije mu bihe byinshi.”
None se kuki unywa amazi? Nkurugero rwacu rwa sandcastle rwakoreshejwe mugukora paste (paste yicyuma muriki gihe), polymer ifata ibice hamwe uko byumye. Igisubizo nigice gifite ubudahangarwa nubukomezi bwumuhanda wumuhanda, ufite imbaraga zihagije zo guhangana nogukora nyuma yinteko, gutunganya byoroheje (nubwo Gelbart itanga inama yo gukora nyuma ya sinter), guterana hamwe namazi nibindi bice bitarangiye, hanyuma byoherezwa mu ziko.
Kurandura kwangirika kandi bituma ibice binini, binini cyane bikikijwe no gucapwa kuko mugihe ukoresheje ifu yicyuma yatewe na polymer, polymer ntishobora "gutwika" niba urukuta rwibice ari rwinshi.
Gelbart yavuze ko uruganda rumwe rukora ibikoresho rwasabye uburebure bwa 6mm cyangwa munsi yawo. "Reka rero tuvuge ko wubaka igice kijyanye n'ubunini bw'imbeba ya mudasobwa. Muri icyo gihe, imbere yaba ikeneye kuba idafite umwobo cyangwa wenda ubwoko bumwe na bumwe. Ibi ni byiza ku bikorwa byinshi, ndetse n'umucyo ni yo ntego. Ariko niba imbaraga z'umubiri zisabwa nka bolt cyangwa ikindi gice gikomeye cyane, noneho [inshinge z'ifu y'icyuma] cyangwa MIM mu bisanzwe ntibikwiye."
Ifoto yacapishijwe vuba yerekana ibintu bigoye imbere printer ya Rapidia ishobora kubyara.
Gelbart yerekana ibindi bintu byinshi biranga printer. Cartridges irimo paste yicyuma iruzuzwa kandi abakoresha bayisubiza muri Rapidia kugirango yuzuze bazahabwa amanota kubintu byose bidakoreshejwe.
Ibikoresho bitandukanye birahari, harimo 316 na 17-4PH ibyuma bitagira umwanda, INCONEL 625, ceramic na zirconia, hamwe n'umuringa, karbide ya tungsten nibindi bikoresho byinshi mugutezimbere. Ibikoresho byo gushyigikira - ibanga ryibikoresho byinshi mu icapiro ryibyuma - byashizweho kugirango bicapure insimburangingo zishobora gukurwaho cyangwa "guhumeka" n'intoki, zifungura umuryango wubundi buryo budashoboka.
Rapidia amaze imyaka ine akora ubucuruzi kandi, byemewe, gutangira. Gelbart yagize ati: "Isosiyete ifata igihe cyayo kugira ngo ikosore ibintu."
Kugeza ubu, we hamwe nitsinda rye bohereje sisitemu eshanu, zirimo imwe muri Selkirk Technology Access Centre (STAC) muri Columbiya y’Ubwongereza. Umushakashatsi Jason Taylor yakoresheje imashini kuva mu mpera za Mutarama kandi yabonye ibyiza byinshi kuruta printer nyinshi za STAC 3D.
Yagaragaje ko ubushobozi bwo “gufatisha amazi” ibice bibisi mbere yo gucumura bifite imbaraga nyinshi. Arazi kandi ibibazo bijyanye no kwangirika, harimo gukoresha no guta imiti. Mugihe amasezerano yo kutamenyekanisha abuza Taylor gusangira amakuru arambuye kumurimo we, umushinga we wambere wikizamini nikintu benshi muritwe dushobora gutekereza: inkoni yacapwe 3D.
Yaramwenyuye ati: “Byaragaragaye ko ari byiza.” "Twarangije mu maso, ducukura umwobo wa shitingi, kandi ndimo ndakoresha ubu. Twashimishijwe n'ubwiza bw'imirimo ikorwa na sisitemu nshya. Kimwe n'ibice byose byacumuye, hariho kugabanuka ndetse no kudahuza gato, ariko imashini irahagije. Mu buryo buhoraho, dushobora kwishyura ibyo bibazo mu gishushanyo.
Raporo yinyongera yibanda ku ikoreshwa ryikoranabuhanga ryongera umusaruro mubikorwa nyabyo. Abahinguzi muri iki gihe bakoresha icapiro rya 3D kugirango bakore ibikoresho nibikoresho, ndetse bamwe bakoresha AM kugirango babone umusaruro mwinshi. Inkuru zabo zizagaragara hano.