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Imiterere n'imiterere ya chlorhexidine hydrochloride nanoemulsion nk'umuti wo kuhira imizi y'imiyoboro y'amazi urwanya bagiteri: inyigo zakozwe muri vitro na ex vivo
作者 Abdelmonem R., Younis MK, Hassan DH, El-Sayed Ahmed MAEG, Hassanien E., El-Batuti K., Elfaham A.
Rehab Abdelmonem, 1 Mona K. Younis, 1 Doaa H. Hassan, 1 Mohamed Abd El-Gawad El-Sayed Ahmed, 2 Ehab Hassanein, 3 Kariem El-Batuti, 3 Alaa Elfaham 31 Ubumenyi n'Ikoranabuhanga, Ishami rya Farumasi na Farumasi y'Inganda, Kaminuza ya Misr, 6 Ukwakira Umujyi, Misiri; 2 Ishami rya Mikorobiyoloji n'Ubudahangarwa bw'Indwara, Ishami rya Farumasi, Kaminuza ya Misr y'Ubumenyi n'Ikoranabuhanga, 6 Ukwakira, Misiri; 3 Ishami rya Endodontics, Kaminuza ya Ain Shams, Cairo, Misiri Intangiriro n'Intego: Chlorine hexidine hydrochloride [Chx.HCl] ifite imikorere yagutse ya bagiteri, ikora igihe kirekire kandi ifite uburozi buke, bityo ikaba isabwa nk'iy'ingufu zishobora gukoreshwa mu kuhira imizi y'imiyoboro y'amazi. Intego y'ubu bushakashatsi kwari ugukoresha nanoemulsion nshya ya Chx.HCl kugira ngo yongere imbaraga zo kwinjira, gusukura no kurwanya bagiteri ya Chx.HCl no kuyikoresha nk'ingufu zo kuhira imizi y'imiyoboro y'amazi. Uburyo: Chx.HCl nanoemulsions zakozwe hakoreshejwe amavuta abiri atandukanye: aside oleic na Labrafil M1944CS, surfactants ebyiri, Tween 20 na Tween 80, na co-surfactant, propylene glycol. Shyiraho igishushanyo mbonera cy’icyitegererezo kugira ngo ugaragaze uburyo bwiza bwo gukora. Ingano za nanoemulsion zateguwe zasuzumwe ku ngano y’umuti, igihe cyo gukurura, gukwirakwira, ingano y’ibitonyanga, irekurwa ry’umuti muri vitro, ubuziranenge bwa thermodynamic, imikorere ya antibacteria muri vitro, n’inyigo zakozwe muri vitro ku ngano zatoranyijwe. Ingaruka zo kwinjira, gusukura no kurwanya bagiteri za Chx.HCl 0.75% na 1.6% nanoemulsion yageranyijwe n’ingano isanzwe y’uduce nk’imashini yorohereza imizi. Ibisubizo. Ingano yatoranyijwe ni F6 hamwe na 2% Labrafil, 12% Tween 80 na 6% propylene glycol. Ingano nto y’uduce (12.18 nm), igihe gito cyo gukurura (amasegonda 1.67) no gushonga vuba nyuma y’iminota 2. Byagaragaye ko ari sisitemu ihamye mu buryo bwa thermodynamic/physical. Ugereranyije n'ingano isanzwe ya Chx.HCl, ingano nini ya nanoemulsion ya Chx.HCl ya 1.6% yagaragaje kwinjira neza bitewe n'ingano ntoya y'udusimba. Ugereranyije n'ibikoresho bisanzwe bifite ingano (2609.56 µm2), nanoemulsion ya Chx.HCl ya 1.6% ifite ubuso buto cyane bw'imyanda isigaye (2001.47 µm2). Umwanzuro: Ibigize nanoemulsion Chx.HCl ifite ubushobozi bwo gusukura neza no kurwanya bagiteri. Ifite ubushobozi bwo kwica bagiteri mu buryo bufatika cyane mu kurwanya Enterococcus faecalis, kandi igipimo cyo gufungana kw'uturemangingo twa bagiteri kiba kiri hejuru cyangwa cyangiritse burundu. Amagambo y'ingenzi: chlorhexidine hydrochloride, nanoemulsion, irrigant yo mu muyoboro w'amazi, kwinjira, ingaruka zo gusukura, irrigant yo kurwanya bagiteri.
Nanoemulsions, ubwoko bwa emulsions zifite ingano y'ibitonyanga biri hagati ya 50–500 nm, zakunze kwitabwaho cyane mu myaka yashize bitewe n'imiterere yazo yihariye. Imiterere myiza yo gusukura, ntabwo igirwaho ingaruka n'ubukana bw'amazi, mu bihe byinshi ifite uburozi buke kandi nta mikoranire irangwamo amashanyarazi. 2 Nanotechnology ifite ingano nto cyane y'uduce duto, ubuso bunini bungana n'ubunini ndetse n'imiterere yihariye y'umubiri n'imiti ugereranije n'ibicuruzwa bisa, kandi inafungura ibitekerezo bishya mu kuvura no gukumira indwara z'amenyo. 3 Chlorhexidine hydrochloride (Chx.HCl) ishongera gato mu mazi, ishongera gato cyane mu nzoga kandi igenda ihinduka mu rumuri buhoro buhoro. 4.5 SH. HCl ifite ingaruka nyinshi ku mikorere ya bagiteri, ikora igihe kirekire kandi ifite uburozi buke. Kubera iyo miterere, inasabwa kandi nk'umuti ushobora kuvomerera imizi y'amazi. Ibyiza by'ingenzi bya Chx.HCl ni uburozi buke, nta mpumuro mbi kandi nta buryohe bubi. 6-9 Ubwoko butandukanye bwa lasers bwakoreshejwe mu kunoza uburyohe bwo kwica imiyoboro y'amazi. Ingaruka za bagiteri za laser ziterwa n'uburebure bw'urumuri n'ingufu, ndetse no ku bushyuhe, ibyo bigatuma habaho impinduka mu rukuta rw'uturemangingo twa bagiteri, bigatuma habaho impinduka mu miterere ya osmotic kugeza ku rupfu rw'uturemangingo. Imikoranire hagati ya laser n'imashini zivomerera imizi y'amazi zifungura imiterere mishya mu gusukura pulp. 10 Ingufu za Ultrasonic zitanga frequencies nyinshi ariko amplitudes nke. Dosiye zagenewe kuzunguruka ku murongo wa ultrasound wa 25–30 kHz, urenze umupaka w'uburyo abantu bumva (>20 kHz). Dosiye zagenewe kuzunguruka ku murongo wa ultrasound wa 25–30 kHz, urenze umupaka w'uburyo abantu bumva (>20 kHz). Файлы предназначены для колебаний на ульт Канвуковых частотах 25-30 кГц, кот не находятся за пределами слухового воспритияияововка (> 20 кГц). Amadosiye yagenewe kuzunguruka ku murongo wa ultrasound wa 25-30 kHz, urenze ubushobozi bw'abantu bwo kumva (> 20 kHz).这些文件被设计成在 25-30 kHz 的超声波频率下振荡，这超出了人类听觉感知的极限 (> 20 kHz)。这些文件被设计成在 25-30 kHz Файлы рассчитаня на колебания на ульт କାନвуковых частотах 25-30 кГц, что вхходит за пределы слухового вос Пририяияяовека (> 20 кГц). Dosiye zagenewe guhindagura ku murongo wa ultrasound wa 25-30 kHz, urenze ubushobozi bw'abantu bwo kumva (>20 kHz).Zikora mu buryo bwo kuzunguruka, zishyiraho uburyo buranga amapfundo n'udusimba tw'ingufu mu burebure bwazo. Ijambo "kuhira hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ridasanzwe" (PUI) ni uburyo bwo kuhira aho nta bikoresho cyangwa inkuta bikora ku madosiye cyangwa ibikoresho bya endodontic. Mu gihe cya PUI, ingufu za ultrasound zikurwa kuri dosiye inyeganyega zijya mu gikoresho cyo kuhira mu muyoboro w'amazi. Icya nyuma gishobora gutera urujya n'uruza rw'amajwi n'ingufu z'igikoresho cyo gusohora amazi. 11 Hashingiwe ku makuru yavuzwe haruguru, bifatwa nk'ibikwiye gukoresha nanotechnology kugira ngo harebwe uburyo bwiza bwo kwinjira no gusukura bwa Chx.HCl.
Chlorhexidine hydrochloride Chx.HCl yatanzwe n'ikigo cy'abarabu gishinzwe imiti (Cairo, Misiri). Labrafil M 1944 CS (oleoylpolyoxy-6-glyceride) yatanzwe ku buntu na Gattefosse (Padiri Mutagatifu, mu Bufaransa). Tween 20 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate), Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene (80) sorbitan monooleate), aside oleic, propylene glycol yavuye muri Gomhorya Company (Cairo, Misiri)). Gukuramo amenyo afite imizi imwe adashyushye kugira ngo avurwe indwara z'amenyo cyangwa indwara z'amenyo, Ishami ry'Ubumenyi bw'Amazi, Ishami ry'Ubumenyi bw'Amazi, Kaminuza ya Ain Shams, Cairo, Misiri. Umuco mwiza wa Enterococcus faecalis (ubwoko bwa ATCC 29212) ukomoka mu musururu w'umutima wo mu bwonko (BHI) (RC CLEANER, IIchung Dental Ltd., Seoul, Koreya).
Uburyo Chx.HCl ishonga mu buryo butandukanye (aside oleic, Labrafil M 1944CS, Tween 20, Tween 80, propylene glycol, n'amazi) byizweho. Chx.HCl nyinshi cyane (50 mg) ishyirwa mu muyoboro wa centrifuge hanyuma hongerwamo 5.0 g y'igice cyo hagati. Uruvange rwanyeganyejwe mu mashini ivanga vortex mu gihe cy'iminota 15 hanyuma rubikwa ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba. Nyuma y'amasaha 24, agace k'imiti kadashongeshwa mu muyoboro kashyizwe muri centrifuge ku muvuduko wa 3000 rpm mu gihe cy'iminota 5 kugira ngo haboneke supernatant isobanutse neza. Kuramo umuti uhagije w'icyitegererezo hanyuma uwuvange na n-butanol. Ingero zavanzwe zayunguruwe binyuze mu mpapuro za Whatman 102 hanyuma zivangwa neza na n-butanol kugira ngo hamenyekane ingano y'umuti mu muvuduko wuzuye. Ingero zasesenguwe hakoreshejwe spectrophotometer ya UV kuri 260 nm hamwe na n-butanol nk'igenzura. 12.13
Hakozwe imbonerahamwe y’icyiciro cya gatatu kugira ngo hamenyekane igipimo nyacyo cya buri gice gikenewe muri iyo formulasiyo kugira ngo haboneke ibipimo byiza bya nanoemulsion nziza. 14 Iyi formulasiyo yakozwe hakoreshejwe amavuta (ni ukuvuga aside oleic na Labrafil M1944CS), surfactants (ni ukuvuga Tween 20 na Tween 80) n’indi surfactant, ni ukuvuga propylene glycol. Ubwa mbere, hakozwe uruvange rw’ibintu bya surfactants (bidafite cosurfactants) n’amavuta mu bipimo bitandukanye by’ingano (kuva kuri 1:9 kugeza 9:1). Iyo uruvange rushyizwemo amazi (wongeyeho amazi), kurikiranira hafi uruvange kuva ku gihu kugeza ku gice cy’iherezo. Izi ngingo z’iherezo zishyirwa ku ishusho y’icyiciro cya gatatu. Igikorwa cyose cyasubiwemo ku ruvange rwa surfactant na surfactant ya kabiri (Smix) byateguwe mu bipimo bya 2:1 na 3:1 kandi bivanze n’amavuta yatoranijwe15,16 rimwe.
Sisitemu za Nanoemulsion zirimo Chx.HCl zateguwe hakoreshejwe Labrafil M 1944 CS nk'ikiciro cy'amavuta na Tween 80 cyangwa 20 surfactant na propylene glycol nk'ikiciro cy'inyongera cya surfactant hanyuma amazi, Imbonerahamwe ya 1. Umuti washongeshejwe muri Labrafil M 1944 CS maze amazi ya surfactant na surfactant ya kabiri yongerwaho buhoro buhoro hamwe no kuvanga buhoro buhoro. Ingano ya surfactant na co-surfactant byongewemo, hamwe n'ijanisha ry'ikiciro cy'amavuta gishobora kongerwamo, bigenwa hakoreshejwe igishushanyo mbonera cy'ikiciro cya pseudo-ternary. Moteri ya ultrasonic (Ultrasonic LC 60 H, Elma, Ubudage) yakoreshejwe kugira ngo hagerwe ku ngano yifuzwa yo gukwirakwiza granules. Hanyuma uyiringanize. 17
Isuzuma ry’uko amazi ashobora gushonga ryakozwe hakoreshejwe igikoresho cyo kuyasesa (Dr. Schleuniger Pharmaton, Model Diss 6000, Thun, Suwisi) aho ml 1 ya buri kintu cyongewemo muri ml 500 z’amazi kuri dogere selisiyusi 37±0.5. Gushyuha buhoro byemezwa n’udupira dusanzwe two gushonga tw’icyuma kitagira umugese tuzenguruka kuri 50 rpm. Imvange yavuyemo yagenwe mu buryo bugaragara kandi ishyirwa mu byiciro nk’iy’umukara, ibonerana ifite ibara ry’ubururu, isa n’amata cyangwa iy’umukara. Hitamo formula isobanutse yo gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse. 18.19
Gukuramo Chx.HCl mu binyabutabire bya nanoemulsion byakozwe neza hashingiwe ku gishushanyo mbonera cy’icyitegererezo cya gatatu bituma n-butanol ikorwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya ultrasonic. Nyuma yo gusesengura neza, ibinyabutabire byasesenguwe hifashishijwe spectrophotometric ku bunini bwa 260 nm kugira ngo harebwe ingano ya Chx.HCl. makumyabiri.
Kugira ngo hamenyekane igihe cyo kwiyungurura, hongewemo mililitiro 1 ya buri kintu mu gikombe cyuzuyemo mililitiro 250 z'amazi yatetse, maze bigumana ubushyuhe bwa 37 ± 1°C buri gihe bikangurwa kuri 50 rpm. Igihe cyo kwiyungurura gifatwa nk'igihe icyo gice cy'imvange cyakozwemo imvange imwe nyuma yo gushonga.
Kugira ngo usuzume ingano y'ibitonyanga, shyiramo 50 mg y'umuti watunganyijwe neza kuri mililitiro 1000 n'amazi mu icupa hanyuma uvange witonze n'intoki. Ingano y'ibitonyanga yagenwe hakoreshejwe igikoresho cya Malvern Zetasizer 2000 (Malvern Instruments Ltd., Malvern, UK) hakurikijwe uburyo bwo gupima inyuma bwa dogere 173, ubushyuhe bwa dogere 25, n'igipimo cyo kugarura ubushyuhe cya dogere 1.330.22.
Inyigo zo gushonga mu buryo bwa vitro zakozwe hakoreshejwe igikoresho cya USP Type II (paddle) (Dr. Schleuniger Pharmaton, Diss Model 6000) kuri 50 rpm. Amazi yavuyemo (500 ml) yagumanywe ku bushyuhe bwa 37±0.5°C yakoreshejwe nk'uburyo bwo gushonga, maze mililitiro 5 z'ibinyabutabire byateguwe byongerwaho mu buryo bwo gushonga. Hanyuma, mu bihe bitandukanye, mililitiro 5 z'uburyo bwo gushonga zafashwe maze ingano y'umuti wasohotse ipimwa hifashishijwe spectrophotometric kuri 254 nm. Igerageza ryakozwe mu byiciro bitatu. makumyabiri na bitatu.
Hanyuma, ibipimo bya kinetiki bya Chx.HCl birekurwa muri vitro bivuye muri nanoemulsions byateguwe hakurikijwe ishingiro ryabyo byarapimwe. Hejuru ya zeru, ya mbere n'iya kabiri, hamwe na moderi za Higuchi diffusion zageragejwe kugira ngo hatoranywe uburyo bwa kinetiki bukwiriye cyane mu kurekura Chx.HCl.
Mililitiro 2 za buri formulaire zabitswe ku bushyuhe bw'ikirere mu gihe cy'amasaha 48 mbere yuko habaho gutandukanya ibice. Ingero za mililitiro 1 za buri formulaire ya Chx.HCl nanoemulsion zavanzwe kugeza kuri mililitiro 10 na mililitiro 100 n'amazi yaciwe kuri 25°C. hanyuma zibikwa amasaha 24. Hanyuma hagaragaye gutandukanya ibice. makumyabiri na rimwe
Hanyuma ingero za mililitiro 2 za buri kintu zishyirwa ukwazo mu macupa abonerana afite umupfundikizo wo kuzunguruka maze zibikwa muri firigo kuri 2°C mu gihe cy'amasaha 24. Hanyuma zarakuwemo zibikwa kuri 25°C na 40°C. Hakozwe icyiciro kimwe cyo gukonjesha no gushonga. Hanyuma ingero zarasuzumwe kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo bwo gutandukanya icyiciro no kugabanya imiti. makumyabiri na rimwe
Icyitegererezo cya mililitiro 5 cya buri mvange ya Chx.HCl nanoemulsion cyashyizwe mu muyoboro w'ikirahure gishyirwa mu cyuma gipima ubushyuhe cya laboratwari (Shanghai Surgical Instrument Factory Microcentrifuge Model 800, Shanghai, Repubulika y'Abaturage b'Ubushinwa) hanyuma gishyirwa ku muvuduko wa 4000 rpm mu gihe cy'iminota 5. Hanyuma ingero zarasuzumwe kugira ngo harebwe uburyo bwo gutandukanya icyiciro n'uburyo imiti igwa. makumyabiri n'umwe
Igerageza ryose ryemejwe na Komite Ishinzwe Imyitwarire y’Ishuri Rikuru rya Ain Shams, mu Misiri. Amenyo 50 y’umuntu adateye ubwoba afite imizi imwe afite umutwe umwe yatoranijwe. Amenyo yakuwemo yakoreshejwe nyuma yo kubona uruhushya rwanditse rwashyizweho umukono n’umurwayi. Amenyo arimo incisors zo mu maxillary na mandibular na premolars zo mu mandibular. Ubuso bw’inyuma bw’imizi bwavuwe na curette maze amenyo yose ashyirwa ku ruhu muri 0.5% NaOCl mu gihe cy’amasaha 24 hanyuma abikwa mu munyu utagira inenge kugeza igihe akoreshejwe. Ikamba ryakuweho hifashishijwe disiki ya diyama yo ku ruhande kandi uburebure bw’iryinyo bugera kuri mm 16 kuva hejuru kugeza ku mpera y’ijisho. 24,25 Dukurikije umuti wo koza, amenyo agabanyijwemo amatsinda akurikira:
(A) Ingero z'itsinda (n=24) zogejwe na Chx.HCl nanoemulsion. Itsinda rito (I) (n=12) zogejwe na ml 5 za Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 0.75%. Itsinda rito (II) (n=12) zogejwe na ml 5 za nanoemulsion 1.6% ya Chx.HCl. (B) Itsinda rito (n=24) rizagezwa na ml 5 za 2% ya Chx.HCl ingano isanzwe y'uduce. Itsinda rigenzura: (n=2) zogejwe na ml 5 za saline nta gukora.
Hatoranijwe amenyo 44 y'umuntu adateye ubwoba afite umutwe umwe. Amenyo arimo incisors zo mu maxillary na mandibular na premolars zo mu mandibular. Ubuso bw'inyuma bw'imizi bwavuwe na curette maze amenyo yose ashyirwa ku ruhu muri 0.5% NaOCl mu gihe cy'amasaha 24 hanyuma abikwa mu munyu wa saline kugeza igihe akoreshejwe. Amakamba yakuweho hakoreshejwe disiki ya diyama y'umutekano maze uburebure bw'iryinyo bugera kuri mm 16 kuva hejuru kugeza ku mpera y'inyuma. 24,25,29
Gutegura dosiye y’ingenzi ya apical ingano ya 50 hakoreshejwe uburyo busanzwe. Koresha saline ya sterile nk'umuti wo kuhira mu gihe cyo kubaga. Amaherezo, umuyoboro w’imizi wasutsweho mililitiro 2 za 17% EDTA mu gihe cy’umunota 1 kugira ngo ukureho urwego rw’imizi. Igice cyose cy’umuzi, harimo na apical foramen ya buri ngero, cyatwikiriwe n’amabara abiri ya topale y’inzara (cyanoacrylate kole) kugira ngo hirindwe koroshya gusohoka. Amenyo ashyirwa mu gice cy’imizingo kugira ngo byorohe kuyafata no kuyamenya. Ingero 29-33 zashyizwe mu gice cy’ubushyuhe bwa 121ºC na 15 psi mu gihe cy’iminota 20. Nyuma yo gusukura, ingero zose zajyanywe kandi zigatunganywa mu buryo butari busanzwe hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bya sterile. Inzira z’imizi zandujwe n’umuti w’umuti wa Enterococcus faecalis (ubwoko bwa ATCC 29212) wakuwe mu mushongi w’umutima wo mu bwonko (BHI) mu gihe cy’amasaha 24 kuri 37°C. Ukoresheje micropipette idahumanye, shyiramo E. faecalis inoculum mu miyoboro y'amenyo yose yateguwe. Hanyuma uduce twashyizwe mu mashini zidahumanye hanyuma dushyirwa ku bushyuhe bwa 37°C mu gihe cy'amasaha 24. 31, 34, 35
(A) Ingero z'itsinda (n=24) zogejwe na Chx.HCl nanoemulsion. Ingero z'itsinda rito (I) (n=12) zogejwe na ml 5 za Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 0.75%. Itsinda rito (II) (n = 12) zogejwe na ml 5 za Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 1.6%.
Itsinda ry’igenzura: kugenzura neza, (n=4) umuyoboro w’imizi wanduye wasutsweho ml 5 z’umunyu hanyuma ubikwa nk’umunyu. Kugenzura nabi: (n=4) Ingero ntizatewe mu buryo bwo gufunga, ni ukuvuga ko umuyoboro w’imizi utanduye E. faecalis, kandi wagumanywe utanduye nk’umunyu kugira ngo wemeze ko wakozwe neza kandi ko ari inyangamugayo. Koresha umuti wo gupima wa ml 5 muri buri gipimo. Buri gipimo cyasutsweho ml 1 y’umunyu wanduye.
Agace k'urupapuro kangana na 35 gakoreshwa mu gukusanya ingero mu miyoboro y'amazi. Agace k'urupapuro kashyizwe mu muyoboro kugeza ku burebure bw'imikorere, gasigara amasegonda 10, hanyuma kashyirwa ku mabati ya agar kugira ngo hamenyekane umubare w'ibice bigize koloni (CFU) kuri buri sahani. Amabati yashyizwe muri 37ºC mu gihe cy'amasaha 24 hanyuma asuzumwa neza niba bagiteri ikura. Agasahani kabonerana kagaragaza ko kamaze gukurwaho burundu. Amabati yahinduwe afatwa nk'aho agaragaza gukura neza. Umubare mpuzandengo wa CFU mu gace gakuramo bagiteri kuri buri sahani waramenyekanye kandi umubare wa CFU waramenyekanye. Abarokotse bapimwa ahanini hakoreshejwe umubare ufatika ku masahani yo gutonyanga. Byongeye kandi, igikombe cyo gusuka cyakoreshejwe mu kubara CFU nke, kandi kugabanya kugeza kuri 106 byakoreshejwe mu kubara CFU nyinshi. 36.37
Tegura imiyoboro irimo mililitiro 15 z'umuti wa agar washongeshejwe mbere yo gusukurwa muri autoclave ku munsi umwe n'uwo kugerageza. Enterococcus faecalis ni coccus ya Gram-positive anaerobic ishobora kubaho iyo pH iri hejuru cyane, aside n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ingero 39 za bagiteri (Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212) zakozwe hifashishijwe kuvanga uturemangingo twavuye mu matsinda hamwe na saline ya sterile. Ingero za bagiteri zavanzwemo saline kugira ngo zihuze na McFarland 0.5, bingana na 108 CFU/mL. Ingano y'icyitegererezo yongewemo ni 10 µl. 39 Igipimo cy'ubushyuhe (McFarland 0.5)40 cyateguwe hifashishijwe umuti wa barium chloride dihydrate wa 1% (10 g/l) mu cyuma cya 100 ml hanyuma huzuzwa kugeza kuri mililitiro 100 hifashishijwe aside sulfuric ya 1% (10 g/l). Ibipimo by'ubushyuhe byashyizwe mu miyoboro imwe n'ingero z'umufa, maze bibikwa ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba mu gihe cy'amezi 6 mu mwijima kandi bifunze kugira ngo hirindwe ko umwuka uva mu kirere. Fungura umupfundikizo w'isahani ya Petri irimo ubusa hanyuma usukemo ingero hagati mu isahani. Niba agar ikomeye neza, hindura isahani hanyuma uyishyire kuri dogere selisiyusi 37 mu gihe cy'amasaha 24.
Amakuru yose yakusanyijwe, ashyirwa mu byiciro kandi akorerwa isesengura ry'ibarurishamibare. Isesengura ry'ibarurishamibare ryakozwe hakoreshejwe IBM® SPSS® Statistical Verisiyo ya 17 kuri Windows (SPSS Inc., IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA).
Uburyo Chx.HCl ishonga mu byiciro bitandukanye by'amavuta, ibisubizo bya surfactant, ibisubizo bya co-surfactant, n'amazi byizweho. Chx.Hcl ifite ubushobozi bwo gushonga bwinshi muri Labrafil M n'ubushobozi bwo gushonga buke muri aside oleic. Uburyo bwinshi bwo gushonga mu cyiciro cy'amavuta ni ingenzi kuri nanoemulsions kuko nanoemulsions zishobora kugumana umuti mu buryo bushongeshejwe, bivuze ko ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gushonga mu mavuta butuma amavuta aba make mu buryo buvanze bityo umuti ukaba muto. Kurenza urugero runaka rwa surfactant na co-surfactant birakenewe kugira ngo ibitonyanga by'amavuta bivange.
Hakozwe imbonerahamwe y’icyitegererezo cya gatatu kugira ngo hamenyekane uturere twa nanoemulsion no kunoza ingano y’amavuta yatoranijwe, surfactants, n’izindi surfactants (Labrafil M, Tween 80, Tween 20, na propylene glycol, uko bikurikirana). Chx.Hcl igaragaza ubushobozi buke bwo gushonga muri aside oleic, bigatuma habaho ubushyuhe iyo aside oleic igabanijwe n’igitonyanga cya mbere cy’amazi. Kubwibyo, sisitemu ya aside oleic ntiyakuwe muri ubu bushakashatsi. Hari izindi formulations zateguwe hakoreshejwe uruvange rwa 1:9 rw’amavuta na surfactant, urugero rwa pH n’imbaraga za ionic, bityo izi surfactants zatoranyijwe.
Imiti yose yateguwe yari isobanutse neza uretse Sisitemu F2, yasaga n'aho irimo ibicu bityo ikaba yarakuwe mu bushakashatsi bw'inyongera.
Uburyo bwiza bwo gukusanya nanoemulsion bugomba kuba bushobora gukwirakwira burundu kandi vuba iyo buvanzwe n'uburyo bworoshye bwo gukurura. Uburyo bwo gukusanya nanoemulsion bwa Chx.HCl bwagaragaje igihe gito cyo gukusanya, kuva ku masegonda 1.67 kugeza 12.33. Tween 80 ifite igihe gito cyo gukusanya. Ibi bishobora gusobanurwa n'ubushobozi bwo gushonga bwinshi bwa Tween 80. Igihe cyo gukusanya ubwacyo cyiyongera uko surfactant yiyongera, bishobora guterwa no kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe bw'iyi sisitemu munsi y'ibikorwa bya surfactant.
Ingano y'ikitonyanga cya emulsion ni yo igena umuvuduko n'ingano y'isohoka ry'umuti. Ingano nto y'ikitonyanga cya emulsion ituma igihe cyo gukurura imiti kiba gito ndetse n'ubuso bwinshi bwo kwinjiza umuti. Ingano mpuzandengo y'ikitonyanga cy'ibice byatoranijwe bya nanoemulsion ya Chx.HCl yari 711±0.44, 587±15.3, 10.97±0.11, 16.43±4.55, na 12.18±2.48, naho PDI yari 0 .76, 0.19, 0.61, 0.47 na 0.76 kuri F1, F2., F3 na 0.16 F4, F5 na F6. Formulations zirimo Tween 80 nk'umusemburo zagaragaje spherulites nto. Ibi bishobora guterwa n'imbaraga zayo nyinshi zo gukurura. Agaciro ka PDI gake kagaragaza ko ingano y'ubunini bw'iyi sisitemu igabanyijemo. Izi formulasiyo zifite isura isukuye kuko radii y'ibitonyanga byazo ari nto ugereranyije n'uburebure bw'urumuri rugaragara (390-750 nm) aho urumuri rugabanuka cyane.
Ku ishusho ya 2 hagaragara ijanisha rya Chx.HCl yasohotse mu buryo bwateguwe. Irekurwa ryuzuye ry'umuti wavuye mu buryo bwateguwe bwa Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ryari hagati y'iminota 2 na 7. Byagaragaye ko igipimo cyo kurekura imiti cyabonetse mu buryo bwa Chx.HCl F6 nanoemulsion (iminota 2), bishobora guterwa no kuba hari Tween 80, yagaragaje urwego rwo hejuru rwa emulsification, hamwe na nanoemulsion yavuyemo. itanga ubuso bunini bwo kurekura imiti, bigatuma igipimo cyo kurekura imiti cyiyongera. Muri icyo gihe, imiterere yo gushonga ya propylene glycol ituma ingano nini ya surfactants zikomoka ku mazi zishonga mu mavuta. 40
Byagaragaye ko Chx.HCl irekurwa muri vitro ikurikiza uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora, kandi nta buryo busobanutse bwo gukora bushobora kugaragaza ko imiti irekurwa iturutse ku miti ya nanoemulsion yateguwe mu buryo butandukanye. Uburyo bwo gukora imiti ya F4 ni uburyo bwa mbere bwo gukora, bivuze ko irekurwa hakurikijwe ingano y'umuti usigaye muri yo. 42 Uburyo bwo gukora indi miti bwahuye n'uburyo bwa Higuasha bwo gukwirakwiza, bwagaragaje ko ingano y'umuti urekurwa yari ihwanye n'umuzi w'umuti wose n'uburyo umuti ushonga muri nanoemulsion. 42
Ingano zatoranyijwe zakorewe ku buryo butandukanye bwo guhagarara neza hakoreshejwe ibizamini bya stress hakoreshejwe imikorere y’ubushyuhe n’ubukonje, centrifugation na fringe-thaw. Byagaragaye ko imiterere ya F3 na F4 yagaragaje imvura y’umuti nyuma y’imikorere y’ubukonje, mu gihe F1 yagaragaje ubunini (gelling). F5 na F6 batsinze imihango y’ubukonje ihoraho, ikizamini cyo gushyushya no gukonjesha no gukonjesha. Nanoemulsions ni sisitemu zihamye mu bushyuhe zikozwe ku gipimo runaka cy’amavuta, surfactant n’amazi nta gutandukana kw’ingazi, emulsification cyangwa gucika. Guhagarara neza mu bushyuhe ni byo bitandukanya nanoemulsions na emulsions, zihamye mu buryo bwa kinetic kandi amaherezo zizatandukana mu byiciro. 19 F3 yagaragaje ingano nini y’uduce (587 nm) kurusha izindi formulations, zishobora gusobanura itandukana ry’ingazi n’imvura y’umuti mu bizamini bya thermodynamic stability. F4 irimo Tween 80 kandi nta co-surfactant yagaragaje imvura y’umuti, ibi bishobora kwerekana ko hakenewe gukoresha propylene glycol na Tween 80 kugira ngo hongerwe ihindagurika ry’ingano za nanoemulsion. F1 irimo Tween 20 idafite surfactant yiyongereyeho yagaragaje ubunini (gelling), ari na ko kwiyongera kwa viscosity ya gel cyangwa imbaraga zayo bitewe no kwibumbira hamwe kw'ibitonyanga.
Ibisubizo by’ubudahangarwa bigaragaza akamaro ko kuba hari indi propylene glycol surfactant yongerera ikwirakwira ry’utunyangingo no gukumira imvura. 43 F6 ni yo yari formulaire nziza bitewe n’ingano nto y’utunyangingo (12.18 nm), igihe gito cyo gusohora (amasegonda 1.67) n’umuvuduko wo gushonga vuba nyuma y’iminota 2. Byagaragaye ko ari sisitemu ihamye mu buryo bwa thermodynamic/physical, bityo ikaba yaratoranijwe kugira ngo ikorerwe ubushakashatsi burambuye.
Kunanirwa nyuma yo kuvurwa n’imiyoboro y’amazi birimo kwiyongera, bivuze ko abarwayi bari mu kaga ko kwandura indwara zikomeye. 44,45 Biofilm igomba gukurwaho mu gihe cyo gusukura no kuzuza imiyoboro y’amazi. 46,47 Kubera uburyo imizi y’amazi igoye, biragoye gukuraho burundu imizi y’amazi hakoreshejwe ibikoresho gusa no kuhira. 48 Ingufu zo koza imizi y’amazi ziterwa n’uko amazi yinjira mu miyoboro y’amazi n’igihe amara ahura na bagiteri. 49 Kubwibyo, uburyo bushya bwo gusukura imizi y’amazi neza bwageragejwe kandi bugeragejwe. Gusukura bisanzwe ntibikuraho burundu E. faecalis bitewe n’uko DT.50 igabanuka.
Ingufu zo gusukura za nanoemulsion zari 2001.47 µm2, naho ingano y'uduce tw'igikoresho cyo gusukura yari 2609.56 µm. Itandukaniro riri hagati y'icyuma cyo gusukura nanoemulsion n'icyuma gisanzwe cyo gusukura ryari 608.09 µm2. Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) hagati y’imashini zivomerera nanoemulsion n’imashini zivomerera zingana n’ibice bisanzwe bifite (agaciro ka P 0.00052). Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) hagati y’imashini zivomerera nanoemulsion n’imashini zivomerera zingana n’ibice bisanzwe bifite (agaciro ka P 0.00052). Между григационными растворами нано Мюльсии и кригаганыными рацворами с башныным размером частиц наблюдалась статистически високозначимая (P <0,001) разница (значение P 0,00052). Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) (agaciro ka P 0.00052) hagati y’imashini zivomerera nanoemulsion n’imashini zivomerera bisanzwe.

Между ополаскивеелем с нано Мульссией и ополаскиватем с с Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.0001) hagati yo koza nanoemulsion n'ingano isanzwe y'uduce two koza (agaciro ka P ni 0.00052).Nanoemulsion yagaragaje itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare ugereranije n'ingano isanzwe y'ibikoresho, igaragaza ubuso bw'imyanda isigaye buri hasi, ni ukuvuga ibikoresho bya nanoemulsion byari bifite ubushobozi bwo gusukura neza, nk'uko bigaragara ku ishusho ya 3.
Ishusho ya 3. Kugereranya imikorere yo gusukura ibikoresho byo koza: (A) hamwe na laser ya Nano CHX ikora, (B) hamwe na laser ya CHX ikora, (C) hamwe na PUI Nano CHX, (D) nta Nano CHX ikora, (E) nta CHX ikora, na (F) ) CHX PUI ikora.
Ubuso bw'impuzandengo bw'ibice bya Chx.HCl 1.6% bisigaye bwari 2320.36 µm2, naho ubuso bw'impuzandengo bwa Chx.HCl 2% bwari 2949.85 µm2. Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) hagati y’ubwinshi bw’ingufu zo kuhira za nanoemulsion n’ingufu zo kuhira zisanzwe (agaciro ka P ni 0.00000). Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) hagati y’ubwinshi bw’ingufu zo kuhira za nanoemulsion n’ingufu zo kuhira zisanzwe (agaciro ka P ni 0.00000). Наблюдалась статистически высокозначимая (P <0,001) разница между более высокой мирацией нано Прал чных чригаганыных растворов и иригригационными растворами с с Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) hagati y’ubwinshi bw’ingufu zo kuhira za nanoemulsion n’ingufu zisanzwe zo kuhira (agaciro ka P ni 0.00000).

Наблюдалась Статистически очень значимая разница (P <0,001) между более всок зим мыри ополаскивателя с нано Мурсисией и ополаскиветеля с черныным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) hagati y’ubwinshi bw’ibipimo byo koza nanoemulsion n’ingano isanzwe y’ibice byo koza (agaciro ka P ni 0.00000).Nubwo ingano y'imashini itera amazi ya nanoemulsion yari iri hasi ugereranyije n'ingano isanzwe y'imashini itera amazi, iyi ngano ntoya yagize akamaro kanini mu gukuraho imyanda no gusukura imizi y'amazi.
PUI yari ifite itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (p<0.001) ugereranije n'ubundi buryo bwo kuyikoresha. PUI yari ifite itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (p<0.001) ugereranije n'ubundi buryo bwo kuyikoresha. PUI имел статистически высокозначимую разницу (p <0,001) по сравнению с друг матоода активи. PUI yari ifite itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (p<0.001) ugereranije n'ubundi buryo bwo kuyikoresha.UI PUI 具有统计学上非常显着的差异 (p <0.001)。UI PUI 具有统计学上非常显着的差异 (p <0.001)。 П сравнению с друг мин методами активации PUI imел статистически очень значимую разницу (p <0,001). Ugereranyije n'ubundi buryo bwo gukora, PUI yari ifite itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (p<0.001).Ubwo ISP yatangiraga gukora, ubuso busanzwe bw'ubuso bw'imyanda bwari 1695.31 µm2. Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na Laser ryari 987.89929 rigaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye mu mibare (P<0.001) hamwe na (agaciro ka p 0.00000). Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na Laser ryari 987.89929 rigaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye mu mibare (P<0.001) hamwe na (agaciro ka p 0.00000). Средняя разница между PUI na Laser составла 987,89929, демонстрируя высокостатистически значимую (P <0,001) разницу с (p-значение 0,00000). Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na Laser ryari 987.89929, rigaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) ugereranyije na (p-agaciro 0.00000). PUI 和 Laser 之间的平均差异为 987.89929 ，显示出高度统计学显着性 (P <0.001) 差异 (p 值 0.00000)。PUI 和 Laser Средняя разница между PUI na Laser составила 987,89929, что свидетельствует о визокой статистической значимости (P <0,001) разницы (p-значение 0,00000). Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na Laser ryari 987.89929, bigaragaza itandukaniro riri hejuru ry’ibarurishamibare (P<0.001) (agaciro ka p ni 0.00000). Itandukaniro riri hagati ya PUI na nta gukora ryari 712.40643 rigaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye mu mibare (P<0.001) hamwe n'agaciro ka p ka 0.00098. Gukoresha uburyo bwa Laser activation cyangwa nta gukora ntibyari bitandukanye cyane mu mibare (P>0.05) hamwe n'agaciro ka P ka 0.451211. Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na nta gukora ryari 712.40643 rigaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye mu mibare (P<0.001) hamwe n’agaciro ka p ka 0.00098). Agaciro ka P ka 0.451211. Средняя разница между PUI и отсутствием активяи составила 712,40643, демонстрируя высокостатистически значимую (P <0,001) разницу с p-значением 0,00098). Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na nta gukora ryari 712.40643, rigaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) hamwe n’agaciro ka p ka 0.00098).Agaciro ka P ni 0.451211. PUI 和未激活之间的平均差异为 712.40643 ，显示高度统计学显着性差异 (P <0.001) ， p 值为 0.00098)。PUI Средняя разница между PUI и интактиваей составила 712,40643, что свидетельствует о высокой статистической значимости разницы (P <0,001, p-значение 0,00098). Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na inactivation ryari 712.40643, bigaragaza ko itandukaniro rifite agaciro gakomeye (P<0.001, agaciro ka p 0.00098).P (P> 0.05) P 值为 0.451211。P (P> 0.05) P 值为 0.451211。 Статистически значимой разницы (P> 0,05) с лазерной активией или не не не было со значением P 0,451211. Nta tandukaniro rigaragara mu mibare (P> 0.05) ryabayeho haba mu gukora kwa laser cyangwa hatabayeho, rifite agaciro ka P ka 0.451211.Ubuso bw'ibice bisigaye nyuma yo gukoresha laser bwari 2683.21 µm2. Ubuso bw'ibice bisigaye bitarimo gukoreshwa bwari 2407.72 µm2. Ugereranyije no gukoresha laser cyangwa nta gukoresha, PUI yari ifite ubuso bw'ibice bito bikoreshwa mu gupima, ni ukuvuga imbaraga nziza zo gusukura.
Ingufu zo gusukura za nanoemulsion zari 2001.47 µm2, naho ingano y'uduce tw'igikoresho cyo gusukura yari 2609.56 µm. Itandukaniro riri hagati y'icyuma cyo gusukura nanoemulsion n'icyuma gisanzwe cyo gusukura ryari 608.09 µm2. Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) hagati y’imashini zivomerera nanoemulsion n’imashini zivomerera zingana n’ibice bisanzwe bifite (agaciro ka P 0.00052). Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) hagati y’imashini zivomerera nanoemulsion n’imashini zivomerera zingana n’ibice bisanzwe bifite (agaciro ka P 0.00052). Между григационными растворами нано Мульссии һәм матригационными растворами с башныным размером частиц б мат статистически визокозначимая (P <0,001) разница (значение P 0,00052). Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) (agaciro ka P 0.00052) hagati y’imashini zivomerera nanoemulsion n’imashini zivomerera bisanzwe.

P <0.001 ）（ P 值 0.00052 ）。 Между ополаскивеелем с нано Мульссией и ополаскиватем с с Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.0001) hagati yo koza nanoemulsion n'ingano isanzwe y'uduce two koza (agaciro ka P ni 0.00052).Ugereranyije n'ingano isanzwe y'uduce duto, nanoemulsion ifite itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare, igaragaza ubuso bw'imyanda isigaye buri hasi, ni ukuvuga ibikoresho bya Nanoemulsion bifite ubushobozi bwo gusukura neza nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 3.
Ubuso bw'impuzandengo bw'ibice bya Chx.HCl 1.6% bisigaye bwari 2320.36 µm2, naho ubuso bw'impuzandengo bwa Chx.HCl 2% bwari 2949.85 µm2. Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) hagati y’ubwinshi bw’ingufu zo kuhira za nanoemulsion n’ingufu zo kuhira zisanzwe (agaciro ka P ni 0.00000). Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) hagati y’ubwinshi bw’ingufu zo kuhira za nanoemulsion n’ingufu zo kuhira zisanzwe (agaciro ka P ni 0.00000). Имелась статистически высокодостоверная (P <0,001) разница между более высокой мирацией нано Прул Кнххгригационных средств и иригиганыными растворами с савныны размером частиц (значение P 0,00) Hari itandukaniro rikomeye mu mibare (P<0.001) hagati y’ubwinshi bw’ingufu zo kuhira za nanoemulsion n’ingufu zisanzwe zo kuhira (agaciro ka P ni 0.00000).

Наблюдалась статистически высокозначимая разница (P <0,001) между более высок мим мәми ополаскивателя с нано Мурсисией и ополаскиветелем с ски чныным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Hari itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P < 0.001) hagati y’ubwinshi bw’ibipimo byo koza nanoemulsion n’ingano isanzwe y’ibice byo koza (agaciro ka P ni 0.00000).Nubwo ingano y'imashini itera amazi ya nanoemulsion yari iri hasi ugereranyije n'ingano isanzwe y'imashini itera amazi, iyi ngano ntoya yagize akamaro kanini mu gukuraho imyanda no gusukura imizi y'amazi.
PUI yari ifite itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (p<0.001) ugereranije n'ubundi buryo bwo kuyikoresha. PUI yari ifite itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (p<0.001) ugereranije n'ubundi buryo bwo kuyikoresha. PUI imел статистически высокую значимую разницу (p <0,001) по сравнению с друг мимодами активяи. PUI yari ifite itandukaniro rikomeye mu mibare (p<0.001) ugereranije n'ubundi buryo bwo kuyikoresha.UI PUI 具有统计学上的显着差异 (p <0.001)。 Ugereranyije n'ubundi buryo bwo gukora, PUI ifite itandukaniro rikomeye mu mibare (p<0.001). PUI статистически значимо отличался (p <0,001) по сравнению с друг матоодами активии. PUI yari itandukanye cyane mu mibare (p<0.001) ugereranije n'ubundi buryo bwo kuyikoresha.Mu gihe cyo gukora PUI, ubuso bw'imyanda y'ubuso bw'ibisigazwa bwari 1695.31 μm2. Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na Laser ryari 987.89929 rigaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye mu mibare (P<0.001) hamwe na (p-value 0.00000). Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na nta gukora ryari 712.40643 rigaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye mu mibare (P<0.001) hamwe na (p-value 0.00098). Gukoresha uburyo bwo gukora bwa Laser cyangwa nta gukora nta gukora nta na kimwe cyagaragaye mu mibare (P>0.05) gitandukanye na (P-value 0.451211). Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na Laser ryari 987.89929 rigaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye mu mibare (P<0.001) hamwe na (p-value 0.00000). Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na nta gukora ryari 712.40643 rigaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye mu mibare (P<0.001) hamwe na (p-value 0.00098). Gukoresha uburyo bwo gukora bwa Laser cyangwa nta gukora nta gukora nta na kimwe cyatandukanye mu mibare (P>0.05) hamwe na (P-value 0.451211). Средняя разница между PUI и лазером составила 987,89929, демонстрируя высокостатистически значимую (P <0,001) разницу с (p-значение 0,00000). Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na laser ryari 987.89929, bigaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye cyane mu mibare (P<0.001) hamwe na (agaciro ka p 0.00000). - значение 0,00098). - agaciro ka 0.00098). Gukoresha uburyo bwa laser cyangwa nta buryo bwa laser byagize itandukaniro rikomeye mu mibare (P>0.05) hamwe na (P-agaciro ka 0.451211). PUI 和激光之间的平均差异为 987.89929 ，与 (p 值 0.00000) 差异具有高度统计学意义 (P <0.001)。 Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na laser ni 987.89929, kandi itandukaniro (p 值0.00000) rifite agaciro gakomeye mu mibare (P<0.001). Средняя разница между PUI и лазером составила 987,89929, что было визоко статистически значимым (P <0,001) с (значение p 0,00000). Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na laser ryari 987.89929, ryari rifite agaciro gakomeye mu mibare (P<0.001) hamwe na (agaciro ka p 0.00000). PUI 与未激活之间的平均差异为 712.40643 ，与 (p) 差异具有高度统计学意义 (P <0.001) - 值 0.00098)。 Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na idakora ni 712.40643, kandi itandukaniro (p) rifite akamaro kanini mu mibare (P<0.001) - agaciro ka 0.00098. Средняя разница между PUI и интакитасей составила 712,40643, что было высоко статистически значимым с разницей (p) (P <0,001 - значение 0,00098). Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo hagati ya PUI na inactivation ryari 712.40643, ryari rifite agaciro gakomeye mu mibare hamwe n’itandukaniro (p) (P<0.001 - agaciro ka 0.00098).P (P> 0.05) 与 (P 值 0.451211)。 Nta tandukaniro rikomeye ryagaragaye mu mibare hagati yo gukora kwa laser no kudakora (P>0.05) na (P 值0.451211). Не было статистически значимой разницы (P> 0,05) по сравнению с (значение P 0,451211) с лазерной активяей или бар нее. Nta tandukaniro rikomeye ryagaragaye mu mibare (P> 0.05) ugereranije na (agaciro ka P 0.451211) hamwe cyangwa hatabayeho gukoresha laser.Ubuso bw'ibice bisigaye mu gihe cyo gukoresha laser bwari 2683.21 μm2. Ubuso bw'ibice bisigaye bitakoreshejwe bwari 2407.72 μm2. Ugereranyije no gukoresha laser cyangwa nta kuyikoresha, PUI ifite ubuso buto bw'ikigereranyo cya chip, ni ukuvuga ubushobozi bwo kuyisukura neza.
Ingaruka mpuzandengo y’ubusukure bwa nanoemulsion ku gukuraho imyanda yari hejuru cyane mu mibare ugereranyije n’ubuso busanzwe bwo gusukura. Chx.HCl 1.6%, PUI 1938.77 µm2, 2510.96 µm2 hakoreshejwe laser. Hatabayeho kuyikoresha, agaciro mpuzandengo ni 2511.34 µm2. Igihe 2% Chx.HCl yakoreshwaga kandi igakoreshwa na laser, ibisubizo byari bibi cyane kandi ingano y’imyanda yari ntarengwa. Ibisubizo bimwe byabonetse ubwo 0.75% Chx.HCl itakoreshwaga. Birumvikana ko ibisubizo byiza byabonetse hakoreshejwe uburyo bwinshi bwo gusukura muri nanoemulsion. PUI yagize akamaro cyane mu gusukura no gusukura imyanda, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 3A-F)).
Nkuko bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 2, nanoemulsion ya Chx.HCl yakoze neza kurusha utunyangingo dusanzwe mu bijyanye n'umubare w'uturemangingo dufatika kandi yagize isano ryiza n'ingaruka nziza zo kwinjira no gusukura hakurikijwe ibi bikurikira: ingano, ubwinshi bw'ibikoresho byo gusukura n'uburyo bwo gukora.
Bagiteri zishobora gusenywa burundu hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo koza bwinshi. Nubwo hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa PUI, 0.75% Chx.HCl yagize ingaruka mbi cyane ku mikorobe. Gukoresha laser bigira ingaruka mbi ku mikorobe ya nano-emulsion. Nkuko bigaragara mu bisubizo byose byabanje, gukoresha laser bigabanya ubushobozi bwa nanoemulsion ya Chx.HCl 0.75%, aho CFU ya nanoChx.HCl 0.75% ari 195, bikaba ari igiciro kinini cyane, bigaragaza ko reagents kuri iki gipimo zigereranywa no gukoresha laser. Laser za diode zishyuha cyane, bityo urumuri cyangwa ubushyuhe bishobora gutuma nanoemulsion itakaza ubushobozi bwayo bwo kurwanya bagiteri. Ingaruka z'ubunini bwinshi ni ukurimbuka burundu kwa bagiteri. Nano Chx.HCl 1.6% yagaragaje gukura nabi kwa bagiteri mu gihe habayeho uburyo bwa laser, bivuze ko laser itigeze igira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwa nano Chx.HCl 1.6%. Byafatwa umwanzuro ko ibikoresho bya nanoemulsion bifite ubunini bwinshi bifite ingaruka nziza za bagiteri.
Muri iki gikorwa, hakozwe na Chx.HCl nanoemulsions hakoreshejwe amavuta abiri atandukanye, surfactants ebyiri na co-surfactant, hatoranijwe formulasiyo nziza (F6) ifite ingano nto y'uduce duto, igihe gito cyo gushonga no gushonga cyane). Byongeye kandi, (F6) yageragejwe kugira ngo harebwe ubuziranenge bwa thermodynamic/physical stability. Muri Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ku kigero cya 1.6%, Chx.HCl nanoemulsion yagaragaje ubushobozi bwiza bwo kwinjira mu tubules z'amenyo ugereranije na Chx.HCl gakondo nk'amazi yo koza, kandi PUI nk'uburyo bwo gukora yari ifite ubushobozi bwo gusukura. Byongeye kandi, inyigo za antibacterial kuri Chx.HCl nanoemulsion zagaragaje ko bagiteri zikurwaho burundu. Ibisubizo byemeza ibi. Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ishobora gufatwa nk'amazi meza yo koza.
Turashimira cyane abakozi ba laboratwari y'ubushakashatsi ya Kaminuza ya Misr y'Ubumenyi n'Ikoranabuhanga ku nkunga yabo ikomeye.