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Nhazi na njirimara nke chlorhexidine hydrochloride nanoemulsion dị ka ihe na-enye mmiri ọgwụ nje na-ekwe nkwa: ọmụmụ in vitro na ex vivo
作者 Abdelmonem R., Younis MK, Hassan DH, El-Sayed Ahmed MAEG, Hassanien E., El-Batuti K., Elfaham A.
Rehab Abdelmonem, 1 Mona K. Younis, 1 Doaa H. Hassan, 1 Mohamed Abd El-Gawad El-Sayed Ahmed, 2 Ehab Hassanein, 3 Kariem El-Batuti, 3 Alaa Elfaham 31 Sayensị na Teknụzụ, Ngalaba Ọgwụ na Ọgwụ Ụlọ Ọrụ, Mahadum Misr, 6 Ọktoba City, Egypt; 2 Ngalaba Microbiology na Immunology, Ngalaba Ọgwụ, Mahadum Sayensị na Teknụzụ Misr, Ọktoba 6, Egypt; 3 Ngalaba Endodontics, Mahadum Ain Shams, Cairo, Egypt Okwu Mmalite na Ebumnuche: Chlorine hexidine hydrochloride [Chx.HCl] nwere ọrụ nje bacteria sara mbara, ọrụ ogologo oge na obere nsí, ya mere a na-atụ aro ya dị ka ihe nwere ike ịgba mmiri mgbọrọgwụ. Ebumnuche nke ọmụmụ ihe a bụ iji ihe mejupụtara ọhụrụ Chx.HCl nanoemulsion iji mee ka ike ịbanye, nhicha na mmetụta nje bacteria nke Chx.HCl dịkwuo elu ma jiri ya dị ka ihe na-agba mmiri mgbọrọgwụ. Usoro: E ji mmanụ abụọ dị iche iche kwadebe Chx.HCl nanoemulsions: oleic acid na Labrafil M1944CS, surfactants abụọ, Tween 20 na Tween 80, na co-surfactant, propylene glycol. Dee eserese nkebi pseudo-ternary iji gosi usoro kacha mma. E lere usoro nanoemulsion ndị a kwadebere anya maka ọdịnaya ọgwụ, oge emulsification, mgbasa, nha droplet, mwepụta ọgwụ in vitro, nkwụsi ike thermodynamic, ọrụ nje bacteria in vitro, na ọmụmụ in vitro nke usoro ahọpụtara. E jiri mmetụta nanoemulsion Chx.HCl 0.75% na 1.6% na-abanye, na-ehicha na-egbu nje bacteria tụnyere nha mkpụrụ nkịtị dị ka ihe na-agba mmiri mgbọrọgwụ. Nsonaazụ. Usoro ahọpụtara bụ F6 nwere 2% Labrafil, 12% Tween 80 na 6% propylene glycol. Obere nha mkpụrụ (12.18 nm), obere oge emulsification (1.67 sekọnd) na mgbasa ngwa ngwa mgbe nkeji abụọ gachara. A chọpụtala na ọ bụ sistemụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma ma na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere nha mkpụrụ Chx.HCl nkịtị, oke ntinye nke Chx.HCl 1.6% nanoemulsion gosipụtara mmụba ka mma n'ihi obere nha mkpụrụ ahụ. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe nha mkpụrụ nkịtị (2609.56 µm2), 1.6% Chx.HCl nanoemulsion nwere obere mpaghara elu nke ihe fọdụrụ (2001.47 µm2). Mmechi: Ihe mejupụtara Nanoemulsion Chx.HCl nwere ikike nhicha ka mma na mmetụta nje bacteria. Ọ nwere mmetụta nje bacteria dị irè nke ukwuu megide Enterococcus faecalis, ọnụego mkpụkọ mkpụrụ ndụ bacteria dịkwa elu ma ọ bụ bibie kpamkpam. Isi okwu: chlorhexidine hydrochloride, nanoemulsion, mkpụkọ mgbọrọgwụ ọwa mmiri, mkpụkọ, mmetụta nhicha, mkpụkọ nje bacteria.
Nanoemulsions, otu ụdị emulsions nwere nha ntapu dị n'etiti 50-500 nm, enwetala nlebara anya dị ukwuu n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya n'ihi ihe pụrụ iche ha nwere. Ezigbo ihe nhicha, ike mmiri anaghị emetụta ha, n'ọtụtụ oge ha nwere obere nsí na enweghị mmekọrịta electrostatic. 2 Nanotechnology nwere obere nha nke ihe, oke elu na oke ibu na ihe pụrụ iche nke anụ ahụ na kemịkalụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere ngwaahịa buru ibu yiri ya, ọ na-emepekwa echiche ọhụrụ na ọgwụgwọ na mgbochi nke ọrịa ezé. 3 Chlorhexidine hydrochloride (Chx.HCl) na-agbaze ntakịrị na mmiri, ọ na-agbaze ntakịrị na mmanya ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ata ahụhụ n'ìhè. 4.5 SH. HCl nwere mmetụta nje bacteria sara mbara, mmetụta ogologo oge na obere nsí. N'ihi ihe ndị a, a na-atụkwa aro ya dị ka ihe nwere ike ịgba mmiri mgbọrọgwụ. Uru bụ isi nke Chx.HCl bụ obere nsí, enweghị isi na enweghị uto na-adịghị mma. 6-9 Ejirila ọtụtụ ụdị laser iji melite ọgwụ mgbochi mgbọrọgwụ. Mmetụta nje bacteria nke lasers na-adabere na ogologo na ike, yana ikpughe okpomọkụ, nke na-akpata mgbanwe na mgbidi mkpụrụ ndụ nje bacteria, nke na-eduga na mgbanwe na osmotic gradient ruo ọnwụ mkpụrụ ndụ. Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti lasers na ndị na-agba mmiri mgbọrọgwụ na-emepe oghere ọhụrụ na mkpochapụ pulp. 10 Ike ultrasonic na-emepụta ugboro ugboro dị elu mana obere nha. E mere faịlụ ndị a ka ha na-agbagharị na ugboro ole ultrasonic nke 25-30 kHz, nke gafere oke nghọta ntị mmadụ (> 20 kHz). E mere faịlụ ndị a ka ha na-agbagharị na ugboro ole ultrasonic nke 25-30 kHz, nke gafere oke nghọta ntị mmadụ (> 20 kHz). Файлы предназначены для колебаний на ультразвуковых частотах 25–30 кГц, которые восприятия человека (> 20 кГц). E mere faịlụ ndị a ka ha maa jijiji n'ugboro ole ultrasonic nke 25-30 kHz, nke karịrị oke ntị mmadụ (> 20 kHz).这些文件被设计成在25–30 kHz 的超声波频率下振荡，这超出了人类听觉感知的极限()这些文件被设计成在 25–30 kHz Файлы расчитаны на колебания на ультразвуковых частотах 25–30 кГц. (> 20 kt). E mere faịlụ ndị a maka ịma jijiji na ugboro ole ultrasonic nke 25-30 kHz, nke karịrị oke ntị mmadụ (> 20 kHz).Ha na-arụ ọrụ na transverse oscillation, na-edozi ụdị njirimara nke knots na antinodes n'ogologo ha. Okwu ahụ bụ "passive ultrasonic irrigation" (PUI) bụ usoro ịgba mmiri ebe ọ dịghị ngwa ọrụ ma ọ bụ mgbidi na-abata na faịlụ ma ọ bụ ngwa endodontic. N'oge PUI, a na-ebufe ike ultrasound site na faịlụ na-ama jijiji gaa na ngwọta ịgba mmiri na mgbọrọgwụ ọwa mmiri. Nke ikpeazụ nwere ike ibute sonic flow na cavitation nke ihe na-eme ka mmiri dị ọcha. 11 Dabere na data dị n'elu, a na-ewere ya dị ka ihe kwesịrị ekwesị iji nanotechnology nyochaa arụmọrụ ịbanye na nhicha ka mma nke Chx.HCl.
E jiri obiọma nye Chlorhexidine hydrochloride Chx.HCl site n'aka ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ Arab maka ọgwụ (Cairo, Egypt). Gattefosse (Saint Priest, France nyere Labrafil M 1944 CS (oleoylpolyoxy-6-glyceride). Tween 20 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate), Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene (80) sorbitan monooleate), oleic acid, propylene glycol site na Gomhorya Company (Cairo, Egypt)). Mwepụta ezé otu mgbọrọgwụ na-abụghị nke na-egbu egbu maka ọgwụgwọ periodontal ma ọ bụ orthodontic, Ngalaba Sayensị Maxillofacial, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahadum Ain Shams, Cairo, Egypt. Omenala dị ọcha nke Enterococcus faecalis (nrịba ATCC 29212) nke a kụrụ n'ime ofe obi (BHI) (RC CLEANER, IIchung Dental Ltd., Seoul, Korea).
A mụrụ etu Chx.HCl si agbaze n'ọtụtụ ihe dị iche iche (oleic acid, Labrafil M 1944CS, Tween 20, Tween 80, propylene glycol, na mmiri). A na-etinye nnukwu Chx.HCl (50 mg) n'ime tube centrifuge ma tinye 5.0 g nke usoro etiti. A na-ama jijiji ngwakọta ahụ na igwekota vortex maka nkeji iri na ise wee chekwaa ya na okpomọkụ ụlọ. Mgbe awa iri abụọ na anọ gachara, a na-etinye pellet ọgwụ na-anaghị agbaze n'ime tube ahụ na 3000 rpm maka nkeji ise iji nweta supernatant doro anya. Chịkọta ihe ngwọta zuru oke ma gwakọta ya na n-butanol. A na-enyocha ihe nlele ndị a gbanyere agbaze site na akwụkwọ nzacha Whatman 102 wee gwakọta ha nke ọma na n-butanol iji chọpụta mkpokọta ọgwụ dị na ngwọta juru eju. A na-enyocha ihe nlele ahụ na UV spectrophotometer na 260 nm na n-butanol dị ka njikwa. 12.13
E wuru eserese nke usoro pseudo-triple iji chọpụta kpọmkwem oke nke ihe ọ bụla dị mkpa na usoro ahụ iji nweta paramita kacha mma nke nanoemulsion zuru oke. 14 E ji mmanụ (dịka oleic acid na Labrafil M1944CS), surfactants (dịka Tween 20 na Tween 80) na surfactant ọzọ, ya bụ propylene glycol mepụta usoro ahụ. Nke mbụ, a kwadebere ngwakọta dị iche iche nke surfactants (na-enweghị cosurfactants) na mmanụ na oke olu dị iche iche (site na 1:9 ruo 9:1). Mgbe e tinyere ngwakọta ahụ na mmiri (na-agbakwunye mmiri na-agbada), lelee ngwakọta ahụ nke ọma site na doro anya ruo na ígwé ojii dị ka ebe njedebe. A na-akara akara njedebe ndị a na eserese nke usoro pseudo-triple. Emeghachiri usoro ahụ dum maka ngwakọta nke surfactant na surfactant nke abụọ (Smix) nke a kwadebere na oke 2:1 na 3:1 ma gwakọta ya na mmanụ ahọpụtara15,16 otu.
E ji Labrafil M 1944 CS kwadebe usoro Nanoemulsion nwere Chx.HCl dị ka usoro mmanụ na Tween 80 ma ọ bụ 20 surfactant na propylene glycol dị ka usoro surfactant ọzọ, mechaakwa mee mmiri, Tebụl 1. A gbazere ọgwụ ahụ na Labrafil M 1944 CS, e wee tinye mmiri surfactant na surfactant nke abụọ n'ọnụego dị nwayọ site na iji nwayọọ nwayọọ gwakọta ya. A na-ekpebi ọnụọgụ surfactant na co-surfactant agbakwunyere, yana pasent nke usoro mmanụ enwere ike ịgbakwunye, site na iji eserese pseudo-ternary phase. E jiri ihe na-emepụta ultrasonic (Ultrasonic LC 60 H, Elma, Germany) iji nweta oke nha achọrọ maka ịgbasa granules ahụ. Mgbe ahụ, mee ka ọ dị mma. 17
E jiri ngwa mgbaze (Dr. Schleuniger Pharmaton, Model Diss 6000, Thun, Switzerland) mee nnwale mgbasa nke ihe ọ bụla, ebe a na-etinye 1 ml nke nkwadebe ọ bụla na 500 ml nke mmiri na 37±0.5°C. A na-ahụ na e ji ihe na-agbaze ígwè anaghị agba nchara na-agbagharị na 50 rpm. A chọpụtara na emulsion ahụ pụtara ìhè ma kewaa ya dị ka nke doro anya, nke na-enwu enwu, nke nwere agba anụnụ anụnụ, nke nwere mmiri ara ehi ma ọ bụ nke na-acha uhie uhie. Họrọ usoro doro anya maka nyocha ọzọ. 18.19
Mwepụta nke Chx.HCl site na nhazi nanoemulsion kachasị mma dabere na eserese nkebi pseudo-triple na-eduga na mmepụta nke n-butanol site na iji teknụzụ ultrasonic. Mgbe agbazechara nke ọma, a nyochachara ihe ndị a na-ewepụta na spectrophotometric na ogologo ebili mmiri nke 260 nm maka ọdịnaya nke Chx.HCl. iri abụọ
Iji nwalee oge emulsification onwe, etinyere 1 ml nke ihe mejupụtara ọ bụla n'ime beaker nke e ji mmiri 250 ml nke a gwakọtara agwakọta ma debe ya na 37 ± 1°C na-akpali mgbe niile na 50 rpm. A na-ewere oge emulsification onwe dị ka oge nke preconcentrate na-emepụta ngwakọta yiri nke ahụ mgbe a gwakọtara ya. Iri abụọ na otu
Maka nyocha nha ntapu mmiri, gwakọta 50 mg nke usoro kachasị mma ruo 1000 ml na mmiri n'ime karama ma jiri aka gwakọta ya nwayọ. Ejiri ngwa Malvern Zetasizer 2000 (Malvern Instruments Ltd., Malvern, UK) chọpụta nkesa nha ntapu mmiri n'okpuru ọnọdụ nchọpụta azụ nke 173º, okpomọkụ nke 25ºC, na ntinye anya nke 1.330. iri abụọ na abụọ.
E jiri ngwa USP Type II (paddle) (Dr. Schleuniger Pharmaton, Diss Model 6000) mee nnyocha gbasara mkpofu n'ime vitro na 50 rpm. E jiri mmiri a gwakọtara agwakọta (500 ml) nke a na-echekwa na okpomọkụ nke 37±0.5°C mee ihe dị ka ihe na-agbaze, a gbakwụnyekwara 5 ml nke ihe mejupụtara a kwadebere na mmiri na-agbaze. Mgbe ahụ, n'oge dị iche iche, e were 5 ml nke ihe na-agbaze ma chọpụta ọnụọgụ ọgwụ ewepụtara na spectrophotometric na 254 nm. E mere nnwale ndị ahụ na 3plicat. 23
Mgbe ahụ, a tụrụ paramita kinetic nke mwepụta Chx.HCl na vitro site na nanoemulsions nke a kwadebere na ndabere ya. A nwalere kinetics efu, nke mbụ na nke abụọ na ụdị mgbasa Higuchi iji họrọ usoro kinetic kacha mma maka mwepụta nke Chx.HCl.
E debere 2 ml nke ọgwụ ọ bụla n'ọnọdụ okpomọkụ gburugburu ruo awa 48 tupu a hụ nkewa nke usoro ahụ. E wee gwakọta 1 ml nke ihe nlele nke Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ọ bụla ruo 10 ml na 100 ml na mmiri a gwakọtara agwakọta na 25°C. ma chekwaa ya ruo awa 24. Mgbe ahụ, a hụrụ nkewa nke usoro ahụ. 21
Mgbe ahụ, e tinyere ihe nlele nke 2 ml nke ihe mejupụtara ọ bụla iche iche n'ime karama ndị na-edoghị anya na mkpuchi skru ma debe ha na friji na 2°C ruo awa 24. E mesịa, ewepụrụ ha ma chekwaa ha na 25°C na 40°C. E mere otu usoro ịgbaze oyi. E mesịa, a hụrụ ihe nlele ndị ahụ maka nkewa nke usoro na mmiri ozuzo ọgwụ. 21.
E tinyere ihe nlele 5 ml nke usoro Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ọ bụla n'ime tube iko ma tinye ya na centrifuge ụlọ nyocha (Shanghai Surgical Instrument Factory Microcentrifuge Model 800, Shanghai, People's Republic of China) ma tinye ya na centrifuge na 4000 rpm maka nkeji ise. E mesịa, a hụrụ ihe nlele ndị ahụ maka nkewa nke usoro na mmiri ọgwụ. Iri abụọ na otu
Kọmitii Ụkpụrụ Omume nke Mahadum Ain Shams, Ijipt kwadoro nnwale niile. E họpụtara ezé mmadụ iri ise na-enweghị eriri afọ nwere akụkụ kpụrụ akpụ. E jiri ezé ewepụtara mgbe onye ọrịa natara nkwenye ederede nke o dere. Ezé gụnyere maxillary na mandibular incisors na mandibular premolars. E jiri curette gwọọ elu mpụta nke mgbọrọgwụ ahụ, e mekwara ezé niile ka ha dị ọcha na 0.5% NaOCl ruo awa 24 wee chekwaa ha na saline sterilized ruo mgbe e jiri ha. E jiri diski diamond dị nchebe wepụ okpueze ahụ, e wee mee ka ogologo ezé ahụ dị mma ruo 16 mm site na akụkụ 1 ruo na akụkụ 10 coronal. 24,25 Dịka ngwọta ịsacha ahụ si dị, e kewara ezé n'ime otu ndị a:
(A) E jiri Chx.HCl nanoemulsion sachaa ihe nlele otu (n=24). Otu obere (I) (n=12) sachaa ihe nlele ndị ahụ na 5 ml Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 0.75% nke mkpokọta. Otu obere (II) (n=12) sachaa ihe nlele ndị ahụ na 5 ml nke 1.6% Chx.HCl nanoemulsion. (B) A ga-eji 5 ml 2% Chx.HCl nha nha nkịtị sachaa otu (n=24). Otu njikwa: (n=2) sachaa ya na 5 ml saline na-enweghị mmalite.
E họpụtala ezé mmadụ iri anọ na anọ na-enweghị eriri, nke nwere nsọtụ siri ike. Ezé gụnyere maxillary na mandibular incisors na mandibular premolars. E jiri curette gwọọ elu mpụta nke mgbọrọgwụ ahụ, e wee jiri 0.5% NaOCl mee ka ezé niile dị ọcha ruo awa iri abụọ na anọ, wee chekwaa ha na nnu dị ọcha ruo mgbe e jiri ha. E jiri diski diamond nchekwa wepụ okpueze ndị ahụ, ogologo ezé ahụ wee bụrụ nke nkịtị ruo 16 mm site na elu ruo na oke coronal. 24,25,29
Nkwadebe nke isi faịlụ apical nha 50 site na iji usoro ọkọlọtọ. Jiri saline dị ọcha dị ka ihe na-agba mmiri n'oge ịwa ahụ. N'ikpeazụ, e ji 2 ml nke 17% EDTA sachaa ọwa mgbọrọgwụ ahụ ruo otu nkeji iji wepụ oyi akwa smear ahụ. E ji mkpuchi mbọ abụọ (cyanoacrylate gluu) kpuchie elu mgbọrọgwụ ahụ dum, gụnyere oghere apical nke ihe nlele ọ bụla, iji gbochie ntapu mmiri. E mesịa, a na-etinye ezé ahụ n'otu ebe n'ime ngọngọ tartar iji mee ka ọ dị mfe ijikwa ma chọpụta ya. E jiri ngwa 29-33 mee ihe nlele ahụ na 121ºC na 15 psi maka nkeji 20. Mgbe e mechara sterilization, e bufere ma hazie ihe nlele niile n'okpuru ọnọdụ sterilized site na iji ngwa sterilized. E jiri omenala dị ọcha nke Enterococcus faecalis (nje ATCC 29212) nke a kụrụ n'ime ofe obi ụbụrụ (BHI) metọọ ọwa mgbọrọgwụ ahụ ruo awa 24 na okpomọkụ 37°C. Jiri obere micropipette dị ọcha, gbanye nkwusioru doro anya nke E. faecalis inoculum n'ime ọwara mgbọrọgwụ nke ezé niile a kwadebere. E tinyezie blọk ndị ahụ n'ime beakers dị ọcha ma tinye ha na okpomọkụ 37°C ruo awa 24. 31, 34, 35
(A) E jiri Chx.HCl nanoemulsion sachaa ihe nlele otu (n=24). E jiri 5 ml nke Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 0.75% nke Chx.HCl sachaa ihe nlele otu (n=12). Otu obere (II) (n=12) jiri 5 ml nke Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 1.6% nke Chx.HCl sachaa ihe nlele ahụ.
Otu njikwa: njikwa dị mma, (n=4) ejiri saline 5 ml sachaa ọwa mgbọrọgwụ merụrụ ahụ ma debe ya dị ka njikwa dị mma. Njikwa adịghị mma: (n=4) A gbaghị ihe nlele ahụ n'ime nkwusioru, ya bụ, e meghị E. faecalis metọọ ọwa mgbọrọgwụ ahụ, a na-edebekwa ya dị ka ihe na-adịghị mma iji gosi na usoro ahụ dị mma ma bụrụkwa nke a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi. Jiri ihe ngwọta ịsa ahụ 5 ml na ihe nlele ọ bụla. E mesịa, a sachara ihe nlele ọ bụla na 1 ml nke saline dị ọcha.
A na-eji isi akwụkwọ sterile nke nha ya bụ 35 anakọta ihe nlele site na mgbọrọgwụ. E tinyere isi akwụkwọ ahụ n'ime tube ahụ ruo ogologo ọrụ, hapụ ya maka sekọnd 10, wee bufee ya na efere agar iji chọpụta ọnụọgụ nke nkeji nhazi colony (CFU) kwa efere. E tinyere efere ndị ahụ na 37ºC ruo awa 24 wee lelee anya maka uto nje bacteria. Efere ahụ na-egosi na ọ na-eme ka ọ dị ọcha. A na-ewere efere ndị na-adịghị mma dị ka ndị na-egosi uto dị mma. A chọpụtara ọnụọgụ CFU nkezi na mpaghara uto nje bacteria kwa efere ma gbakọọ ọnụọgụ CFU. A na-atụkarị ndị lanarịrịnụ site na ọnụọgụ dị irè na efere ntapụ. Na mgbakwunye, ejiri iko na-awụsa iji gụọ obere CFU, ejirikwa ngwakọta ruo 106 gụọ CFU dị elu. 36.37
Kwadebe ọkpọkọ nwere 15 ml nke agar a gbazere agbaze nke e tinyere n'ime autoclave n'otu ụbọchị ahụ maka nnwale ahụ. Enterococcus faecalis bụ coccus anaerobic gram-positive nke nwere ike ịdị ndụ na pH dị elu, acidity na okpomọkụ dị elu. 39 E ji saline sterile gwakọta mkpụrụ ndụ sitere na colonies (Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212) kwadebe ihe nlele nje bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212). E jiri saline sterile gwakọta ihe nlele nje bacteria ahụ iji kwekọọ na McFarland 0.5, nke hà nhata 108 CFU/mL. Olu ihe nlele agbakwunyere bụ 10 µl. 39 E ji ntụ ntụ (McFarland 0.5) kwadebe ọkọlọtọ turbidity (McFarland 0.6 ml nke 1% (10 g/l) barium chloride dihydrate solution n'ime silinda 100 ml ma jupụta ya na 100 ml na 1% (10 g/l) sulfuric acid. E tinyere ụkpụrụ turbidity n'otu tube ndị ahụ dị ka ihe atụ ofe ahụ ma debe ya na okpomọkụ ụlọ ruo ọnwa isii n'ọchịchịrị ma mechie ya iji gbochie mmiri ịpụ apụ. Mepee mkpuchi nke efere Petri tọgbọ chakoo ma wụsa ihe nlele ahụ n'etiti efere ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na agar ahụ siri ike nke ọma, tụgharịa efere ahụ ma tinye ya na okpomọkụ 37°C maka awa 24.
E chịkọtara data niile, depụta ha n'usoro ma tinye ha na nyocha ọnụọgụgụ. E jiri IBM® SPSS® Statistical Version 17 maka Windows (SPSS Inc., IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA) mee nyocha ọnụọgụgụ.
A mụrụ gbasara otú Chx.HCl si agbaze n'ọtụtụ usoro mmanụ, ihe ngwọta surfactant, ihe ngwọta co-surfactant, na mmiri. Chx.Hcl nwere ike ịgbaze kachasị na Labrafil M na nke kacha ala na oleic acid. Ọkwa ịgbaze ọgwụ dị elu n'oge mmanụ dị mkpa maka nanoemulsions n'ihi na nanoemulsions nwere ike idobe ọgwụ ahụ n'ụdị gbazere agbaze, nke pụtara na oke ịgbaze ọgwụ na mmanụ na-eme ka mmanụ dị obere na nhazi ahụ ma si otú a belata ọgwụ. Ibulite A chọrọ ụfọdụ surfactant na co-surfactant iji mee ka mmiri mmanụ ahụ dị nro.
E wuru eserese nke usoro pseudo-triple iji kọwaa mpaghara nanoemulsion ma melite mkpokọta nke mmanụ, surfactants, na surfactants ndị ọzọ (Labrafil M, Tween 80, Tween 20, na propylene glycol, n'otu n'otu). Chx.Hcl na-egosi obere mgbaze na oleic acid, nke na-ebute ígwé ojii mgbe a na-etinye oleic acid na mmiri mbụ. Ya mere, ewepụrụ sistemụ oleic acid na ọmụmụ ihe a. Emebela usoro ndị ọzọ site na iji ngwakọta mmanụ na surfactant nke 1:9 nke pH na ike ionic, ya mere ahọpụtara surfactants ndị a.
Usoro niile e doziri doro anya ma e wezụga Sistemụ F2, nke yiri ka ọ dị ka igwe ojii, ya mere ewepụrụ ya na ọmụmụ nyocha ndị ọzọ.
Usoro nanoemulsion kacha mma kwesịrị ịgbasa kpamkpam ma ngwa ngwa mgbe ejiri nwayọ gwakọta ya. Usoro nanoemulsion Chx.HCl gosiri obere oge emulsification, site na sekọnd 1.67 ruo 12.33. Tween 80 nwere oge emulsification kacha mkpụmkpụ. Enwere ike ịkọwa nke a site na ikike ịgbaze nke Tween 80. Oge emulsification onwe ya na-abawanye ka mmụba nke surfactant, nke nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi mmụba nke viscosity nke sistemụ n'okpuru ọrụ nke surfactant.
Nha nta nke emulsion na-ekpebi ọnụego na oke mwepụta ọgwụ. Nha nta nke emulsion na-eme ka oge emulsification dị mkpụmkpụ ma nwekwuo mpaghara elu maka ịmịkọrọ ọgwụ. Nkezi nha nta nke ihe mejupụtara Chx.HCl nanoemulsion bụ 711±0.44, 587±15.3, 10.97±0.11, 16.43±4.55, na 12.18±2.48, PDI ahụ bụkwa 0.76, 0.19, 0.61, 0.47 na 0.76 maka F1, F2., F3 na 0.16 n'otu n'otu F4, F5 na F6. Usoro ndị nwere Tween 80 dị ka surfactant gosipụtara obere spherulites. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ike emulsifying ya dị elu. Uru PDI dị ala na-egosi nkesa nha sistemụ dị warara. Usoro ndị a dị ọcha n'ihi na radii ntapụ ha pere mpe karịa ogologo ebili mmiri nke ìhè a na-ahụ anya (390-750 nm) nke obere mgbasa ìhè na-eme. 41
Na eserese nke 2 na-egosi pasentị nke Chx.HCl ewepụtara site na usoro e mere. Mwepụta zuru oke nke ọgwụ ahụ site na usoro e mere maka Chx.HCl nanoemulsion dị site na nkeji 2 ruo 7. A hụrụ na e nwetara ọnụego mwepụta ọgwụ kachasị elu n'ihe gbasara usoro Chx.HCl F6 nanoemulsion (nkeji 2), nke nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ọnụnọ nke Tween 80, nke gosipụtara ọkwa emulsification dị elu, na nanoemulsion sitere na ya na-enye nnukwu mpaghara elu maka mwepụta ọgwụ, na-enye ohere maka mmụba ọnụego mwepụta ọgwụ. N'otu oge ahụ, njirimara mgbaze nke propylene glycol na-enye ohere ka a gbazee nnukwu hydrophilic surfactants na mmanụ. 40
A chọpụtala na mwepụta Chx.HCl na vitro na-agbaso usoro kinetic dị iche, ọ dịghịkwa usoro kinetic doro anya nwere ike igosipụta mwepụta ọgwụ site na usoro nanoemulsion akwadoro dị iche iche. Mwepụta kinetic nke ọgwụ F4 bụ kinetics nke mbụ, nke pụtara na a na-ahapụ ha dịka ọnụọgụ ọgwụ fọdụrụ n'ime ha si dị. 42 Mwepụta kinetic nke ọgwụ ndị ọzọ kwekọrọ na ụdị mgbasa ozi Higuasha, nke gosiri na ọnụọgụ ọgwụ ewepụtara kwekọrọ na mgbọrọgwụ square nke mkpokọta ọgwụ na ọgwụ na nanoemulsion. 42
A na-eji usoro ndị a họọrọ eme ihe n'ọnọdụ dị iche iche site na nnwale nrụgide site na iji usoro okpomọkụ-cool, usoro centrifugation na usoro froze-thaw. A hụrụ na usoro F3 na F4 gosiri mmiri ozuzo nke ọgwụ ahụ mgbe usoro gbazere agbaze gasịrị, ebe F1 gosiri ọkpụrụkpụ (gelling). F5 na F6 gafere usoro centrifugation na-aga n'ihu, ule okpomọkụ-cooling na ule froze-thaw. Nanoemulsions bụ sistemụ thermodynamically kwụsiri ike nke e guzobere na ụfọdụ mkpokọta mmanụ, surfactant na mmiri na-enweghị nkewa nke usoro, emulsification ma ọ bụ mgbawa. Ọ bụ nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ nke na-amata nanoemulsions na emulsions, nke kwụsiri ike na kinetic ma ga-emesịa kewaa n'ime usoro. 19 F3 gosipụtara nha ihe dị ukwuu (587 nm) karịa usoro ndị ọzọ, nke nwere ike ịkọwa nkewa nke usoro na mmiri ozuzo ọgwụ na ule nkwụsi ike thermodynamic. F4 nwere Tween 80 na enweghị co-surfactant gosiri mmiri ozuzo ọgwụ, nke a nwere ike igosi mkpa ọ dị iji propylene glycol na Tween 80 iji melite nkwụsi ike nke usoro nanoemulsion. F1 nke nwere Tween 20 na-enweghị ihe mgbakwunye surfactant gosipụtara ọkpụrụkpụ (gelling), nke bụ mmụba na viscosity gel ma ọ bụ ike n'ihi nchịkọta droplet.
Nsonaazụ nkwụsi ike ahụ gosiri mkpa ọ dị inwe propylene glycol surfactant ọzọ iji mee ka mgbasa nke ihe ndị dị n'ime ya dịkwuo elu ma gbochie mmiri ozuzo ọgwụ. 43 F6 bụ usoro kachasị mma n'ihi obere nha ihe ndị dị n'ime ya (12.18 nm), obere oge emulsification (sekọnd 1.67) na ọnụego mgbaze ngwa ngwa mgbe nkeji abụọ gachara. A chọpụtara na ọ bụ sistemụ thermodynamic/physical stabilized ma ya mere ahọpụtara ya maka ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ.
Ọdịda mgbe a gwọchara mgbọrọgwụ akwara na-aghọwanye ihe na-emekarị, nke pụtara na ndị ọrịa nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa ndị dị mgbagwoju anya karị. 44,45 A ga-ewepụ ihe nkiri biofilm n'oge a na-egbu nje ma na-ejupụta mgbọrọgwụ akwara. 46,47 N'ihi mgbagwoju anya nke sistemụ mgbọrọgwụ akwara, ọ na-esiri ike iwepụ mgbọrọgwụ nje bacteria kpamkpam site na iji naanị ngwa na ịgba mmiri. 48 Uru nke ngwọta ịsacha mgbọrọgwụ akwara dabere na ntinye nke ihe na-agba mmiri n'ime DT na oge ọ ga-adịru nje bacteria. 49 Ya mere, anwalela ma nwalee ụzọ ọhụrụ nke ịsacha mgbọrọgwụ akwara nke ọma. Ịsacha nkịtị anaghị ewepụ E. faecalis kpamkpam n'ihi obere ntinye nke DT.50.
Ike nhicha nkezi nke ịsacha nanoemulsion bụ 2001.47 µm2, nha nkezi nke ihe enyemaka ịsacha ahụ bụ 2609.56 µm. Ọdịiche nkezi dị n'etiti ịsacha nanoemulsion na ịsacha nha nke ihe nkịtị bụ 608.09 µm2. E nwere ọdịiche dị oke mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) n'etiti ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri nanoemulsion na ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri na-amị amị nke nha ihe nkịtị nwere (P-value 0.00052). E nwere ọdịiche dị oke mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) n'etiti ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri nanoemulsion na ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri na-amị amị nke nha ihe nkịtị nwere (P-value 0.00052). Между ирригационными растворами наноэмульсии статистически высокозначимая (P<0,001) разница (значение P 0,00052). E nwere ọdịiche dị oke mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) (P uru 0.00052) n'etiti nanoemulsion irrigants na ihe ndị na-amịkọrọ ihe n'ime obere ihe.纳米乳液冲洗剂和正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P<0.001（ 0.00052.纳米乳液冲洗剂和正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P<0.001（ 0.00052. Между ополаскивателем с наноэмульсией разница (P<0,0001) (nke a bụ P 0,00052). E nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị oke mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.0001) n'etiti ịsacha nanoemulsion na ịsacha nha ihe nkịtị (P uru 0.00052).Nanoemulsion ahụ gosiri nnukwu ọdịiche dị na ọnụọgụgụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe nha nha nke ihe nkịtị, na-egosi obere mpaghara elu ihe fọdụrụ, ya bụ, ihe nanoemulsion nwere ikike nhicha kacha mma, dịka egosiri na eserese 3.
Foto nke 3. Ntụnyere arụmọrụ nhicha nke ihe enyemaka nhicha: (A) na Nano CHX laser activated, (B) na CHX laser activated, (C) na PUI Nano CHX, (D) na-enweghị CHX activation, (E) na-enweghị CHX activation, na (F) ) na CHX PUI activation.
Oke elu nke iberibe Chx.HCl 1.6% fọdụrụ bụ 2320.36 µm2, ebe nkezi oke elu nke Chx.HCl 2% bụ 2949.85 µm2. E nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị oke mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) n'etiti oke mkpokọta nke ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri nanoemulsion dị na ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri na-adị nha nha nkịtị (P-value 0.00000). E nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị oke mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) n'etiti oke mkpokọta nke ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri nanoemulsion dị na ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri na-adị nha nha nkịtị (P-value 0.00000). Наблюдалась статистически высокозначимая (P<0,001) разница межdu ирригационных растворов и ирригационными растворами с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). E nwere ọdịiche dị oke mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) n'etiti oke mkpokọta nke ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri nanoemulsion na-amịpụta na nha ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịdị (P uru 0.00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显上高度显着的（1P. 0,00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学显着的差异（1P00.0.0. Наблюдалась статистически очень значимая разница (P<0,001) наноэмульсией и ополаскивателя с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). E nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị oke mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) n'etiti oke njupụta nke nanoemulsion na nchacha nha nha nkịtị (P uru 0.00000).Ọ bụ ezie na ntinye nke ihe na-agba mmiri nanoemulsion dị ala karịa nke ihe na-agba mmiri nke nha nha nha nkịtị, ntinye a dị ala karịa nke ukwuu n'iwepụ ihe mkpofu ma dịkwuo irè karị n'ịsacha ọwa mgbọrọgwụ.
PUI nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị ukwuu na ọnụọgụgụ (p <0.001) ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụzọ ndị ọzọ e si eme ka mmadụ rụọ ọrụ. PUI nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị ukwuu na ọnụọgụgụ (p <0.001) ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụzọ ndị ọzọ e si eme ka mmadụ rụọ ọrụ. PUI имел статистически высокозначимую разницу (p<0,001) по сравнению с другим методами активации. PUI nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị ukwuu n'ọnụọgụgụ (p <0.001) ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụzọ ndị ọzọ e si eme ka mmadụ rụọ ọrụ.与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上非常显着的差异(p<0.001)。与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上非常显着的差异(p<0.001)。 По сравнению с другими методами активации PUI имел статистически очень значимую разницу (p<0,001). Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụzọ ndị ọzọ e si eme ka mmadụ malite ọrụ, PUI nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị oke mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (p <0.001).Site na ọrụ nke ISP, nkezi mpaghara nke ihe fọdụrụ n'elu ihe mkpofu ahụ bụ 1695.31 µm2. Ọdịiche nkezi dị n'etiti PUI na Laser bụ 987.89929 nke na-egosi nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) na (p-value 0.00000). Ọdịiche nkezi dị n'etiti PUI na Laser bụ 987.89929 nke na-egosi nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) na (p-value 0.00000). Средня разница между PUI и Laser составила 987,89929, демонстрируя 0,00000). Ọdịiche nkezi dị n'etiti PUI na Laser bụ 987.89929, na-egosi nnukwu ọdịiche dị na ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) site na (p-value 0.00000). PUI 和 Laser 之间的平均差异为987.89929，显示出高度统计学显着性(P<0.001) 差异(p 值0).PUI na Laser Средня разница между PUI и Laser составила 987,89929, что свидетельствует о (p-значение 0,00000). Ọdịiche nkezi dị n'etiti PUI na Laser bụ 987.89929, nke na-egosi nnukwu ihe dị mkpa na ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) (p-value 0.00000). Ọdịiche dị n'etiti PUI na enweghị nkwalite bụ 712.40643 nke na-egosi nnukwu ọdịiche dị na ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) yana uru p nke 0.00098). Ojiji nke ma ọ bụ imelite laser ma ọ bụ enweghị nkwalite adịghị iche na ọnụọgụgụ (P>0.05) na uru P nke 0.451211. Ọdịiche dị n'etiti PUI na enweghị mmeghari bụ 712.40643 nke na-egosi nnukwu ọdịiche dị na ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) yana uru p nke 0.00098). uru P nke 0.451211. Средня разница между PUI и отсутствием активации составила 712,40643 разницу с p-значением 0,00098). Ọdịiche dị n'etiti PUI na enweghị mmeghari bụ 712.40643, na-egosi nnukwu ọdịiche dị na ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) na uru p nke 0.00098).Uru P bụ 0.451211. PUI 和未激活之间的平均差异为712.40643，显示高度统计学显着性差异(P<0.001)，p 8.0PUI Средня разница между PUI и инактивацией составила 712,40643, что свидетельствует (P <0,001, p-значение 0,00098). Ọdịiche nkezi dị n'etiti PUI na inactivation bụ 712.40643, nke na-egosi nnukwu mkpa ọnụọgụgụ nke ọdịiche ahụ (P<0.001, uru p 0.00098).使用激光激活或不激活在统计学上没有显着差异(P>0.05) P 值为0.451211.使用激光激活或不激活在统计学上没有显着差异(P>0.05) P 值为0.451211. Статистически значимой разницы (P>0,05) Enweghị ọdịiche dị mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (P>0.05) ma ọ bụrụ na laser amalite ma ọ bụ na-enweghị ya, nke nwere uru P nke 0.451211.Oke elu nke iberibe ndị fọdụrụ mgbe a na-emegharị laser bụ 2683.21 µm2. Oke elu nke iberibe ndị fọdụrụ na-enweghị mmeghari bụ 2407.72 µm2. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere imegharị laser ma ọ bụ enweghị mmeghari, PUI nwere obere mpaghara elu chip nkezi, ya bụ, ike nhicha kacha mma.
Ike nhicha nkezi nke ịsacha nanoemulsion bụ 2001.47 µm2, nha nkezi nke ihe enyemaka ịsacha ahụ bụ 2609.56 µm. Ọdịiche nkezi dị n'etiti ịsacha nanoemulsion na ịsacha nha nke ihe nkịtị bụ 608.09 µm2. E nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị ukwuu n'etiti ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri nanoemulsion na ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri na-adị nha nha nhata (P-value 0.00052) n'ọnụọgụgụ. E nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị ukwuu n'etiti ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri nanoemulsion na ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri na-adị nha nha nhata (P-value 0.00052) n'ọnụọgụgụ. Между ирригационныmy растворами наноэмульсии высокозначимая (P<0,001) разница (значение P 0,00052). E nwere ọdịiche dị oke mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) (P uru 0.00052) n'etiti nanoemulsion irrigants na ihe ndị na-amịkọrọ ihe n'ime obere ihe.纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P<0.001（P<0.001（ P<0.001) (P值0.00052) Между ополаскивателем с наноэмульсией разница (P<0,0001) (nke a bụ P 0,00052). E nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị oke mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.0001) n'etiti ịsacha nanoemulsion na ịsacha nha ihe nkịtị (P uru 0.00052).Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe nha nha nkịtị, nanoemulsion nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị na ọnụọgụgụ, na-egosi obere mpaghara elu ihe fọdụrụ, ya bụ, ihe Nanoemulsion nwere ikike nhicha ka mma dịka egosiri na Foto 3.
Oke elu nke iberibe Chx.HCl 1.6% fọdụrụ bụ 2320.36 µm2, ebe nkezi oke elu nke Chx.HCl 2% bụ 2949.85 µm2. E nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị ukwuu n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) n'etiti oke mkpokọta nke nanoemulsion irrigants na nanoemulsion irrigants na nha nha nha nkịtị (P-value 0.00000). E nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị oke mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) n'etiti oke mkpokọta nke ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri nanoemulsion dị na ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri na-adị nha nha nkịtị (P-value 0.00000). Имелась статистически высокодостоверная (P<0,001) средств и ирригационными растворами с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). E nwere ọdịiche dị mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) n'etiti oke mkpokọta nke ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri nanoemulsion dị na ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri na-adị nha nha nha (P uru 0.00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异 (P<0.001）) (P值0.00000)较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P<0.001）（P000 Наблюдалась статистически высокозначимая разница (P <0,001) наноэмульсией и ополаскивателем с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). E nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị ukwuu n'ọnụọgụgụ (P < 0.001) n'etiti oke njupụta nke nanoemulsion na nchacha nha ihe nkịtị (P uru 0.00000).Ọ bụ ezie na ntinye nke ihe na-agba mmiri nanoemulsion dị ala karịa nke ihe na-agba mmiri nke nha nha nha nkịtị, ntinye a dị ala karịa nke ukwuu n'iwepụ ihe mkpofu ma dịkwuo irè karị n'ịsacha ọwa mgbọrọgwụ.
PUI nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị ukwuu n'ọnụọgụgụ (p<0.001) ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụzọ ndị ọzọ e si eme ka ihe dị ndụ. PUI nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị ukwuu n'ọnụọgụgụ (p<0.001) ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụzọ ndị ọzọ e si eme ka ihe dị ndụ. PUI имел статистически высокую значимую разницу (p<0,001) по сравнению с другими методами активации. PUI nwere ọdịiche dị ịrịba ama na ọnụọgụgụ (p <0.001) ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụzọ ndị ọzọ e si eme ka mmadụ rụọ ọrụ.与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上的显着差异(p<0.001)). Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụzọ ndị ọzọ e si eme ka mmadụ malite ọrụ, PUI nwere ọdịiche dị mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (p<0.001). PUI статистически значимо отличался (p<0,001). PUI dị nnọọ iche na ọnụọgụgụ (p <0.001) ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụzọ ndị ọzọ e si eme ka ihe dị ndụ.N'oge ọrụ nke PUI, nkezi mpaghara nke ihe fọdụrụ n'elu bụ 1695.31 μm2. Ọdịiche nkezi dị n'etiti PUI na Laser bụ 987.89929 nke gosiri nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti (P<0.001) na (p-value 0.00000). Ọdịiche nkezi dị n'etiti PUI na enweghị nkwalite bụ 712.40643 nke gosipụtara nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti (P<0.001) na (p-value 0.00098). Ojiji nke ma ọ bụ imelite laser ma ọ bụ enweghị nkwalite abụghị ihe dị iche na ọnụọgụgụ (P>0.05) na (P-value 0.451211). Ọdịiche nkezi dị n'etiti PUI na Laser bụ 987.89929 nke gosiri nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti (P<0.001) na (p-value 0.00000). Ọdịiche nkezi dị n'etiti PUI na enweghị nkwalite bụ 712.40643 nke na-egosi nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti (P<0.001) na (p-value 0.00098). Ojiji nke ma ọ bụ imelite laser ma ọ bụ enweghị nkwalite adịghị iche na (P>0.05) na (P-value 0.451211). Средня разница между PUI и лазером составила 987,89929, 0,00000). Ọdịiche nkezi dị n'etiti PUI na laser bụ 987.89929, na-egosi nnukwu ọdịiche dị mkpa (P<0.001) na (p-value 0.00000). - значение 0,00098).Использование Использование с (P-значение 0,451211). - uru 0.00098). Ojiji nke ime ka laser rụọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ enweghị nkwalite nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị na ọnụọgụgụ (P>0.05) na (P-uru 0.451211). PUI 和激光之间的平均差异为987.89929，与(p 值0.00000) 差异具有高度统计学意义(P)<0000.1. Ọdịiche dị n'etiti PUI na laser bụ 987.89929, ọdịiche ahụ (p 值0.00000) nwekwara nnukwu mkpa ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001). Средня разница между PUI и лазером составила 987,89929, что было высоко статистически значимым (P<0,0001) Ọdịiche dị n'etiti PUI na laser bụ 987.89929, nke dị oke mkpa na ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) yana (uru p 0.00000). PUI 与未激活之间的平均差异为712.40643，与(p) 差异具有高度统计学意义(P<0.008) Ihe dị iche n'etiti PUI na nke na-anaghị arụ ọrụ bụ 712.40643, ọdịiche (p) nwekwara nnukwu mkpa ọnụọgụgụ (P<0.001) - uru 0.00098. Средня разница между PUI и инактивацией составила 712,40643. 0,00098). Ọdịiche dị n'etiti PUI na inactivation bụ 712.40643, nke dị oke mkpa na ọnụọgụgụ site na ọdịiche (p) (P<0.001 – uru 0.00098).使用激光激活或不激活没有显着统计学差异(P>0.05) 与(P 值0.451211)。 Enweghị nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti ime ka laser rụọ ọrụ na enweghị ike ime ya (P>0.05) na (P 值0.451211). Не было статистически значимой разницы (P>0,05) по сравнению с (значение P 0,451211) с лазерной активацией. Enweghị ọdịiche dị mkpa n'ọnụọgụgụ (P>0.05) ma e jiri ya tụnyere (P uru 0.451211) ma ọ bụ na-enweghị mmegharị laser.Oke elu nke iberibe ndị fọdụrụ n'oge a na-emegharị laser bụ 2683.21 μm2. Oke elu nke iberibe ndị fọdụrụ na-enweghị mmeghari bụ 2407.72 μm2. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere imelite laser ma ọ bụ enweghị mmeghari, PUI nwere obere mpaghara elu nke mgbawa ahụ, ya bụ, ikike nhicha ka mma.
Mmetụta nke mmiri nanoemulsion nwere na mwepụ ihe mkpofu dị elu karịa nke mmiri na-asacha nha ihe mkpofu nkịtị. Chx.HCl 1.6%, PUI 1938.77 µm2, 2510.96 µm2 na laser. Na-enweghị ọrụ, uru nkezi bụ 2511.34 µm2. Mgbe ejiri laser mee ihe ma rụọ ọrụ 2% Chx.HCl, nsonaazụ ya kacha njọ ma ọnụọgụ ihe mkpofu ahụ kacha. E nwetara otu nsonaazụ ahụ mgbe 0.75% Chx.HCl anaghị arụ ọrụ. N'ụzọ doro anya, enwetara nsonaazụ kacha mma site na iji nnukwu njupụta nke enyemaka mmiri na nanoemulsion. PUI kacha dị irè na mkpali mmiri na iwepụ ihe mkpofu, dịka egosiri na Foto 3A-F)).
Dịka egosiri na Tebụl nke 2, Chx.HCl nanoemulsion rụrụ ọrụ nke ọma karịa nha nkịtị n'ihe gbasara ọnụọgụ nje ndị dị ndụ ma nwee ezigbo njikọ na ntinye na mmetụta nhicha dịka paramita ndị a si dị: nha, ntinye ihe na-eme ka mmiri dị ọcha na usoro mkpali.
Enwere ike ibibi nje bacteria kpamkpam site na iji nnukwu njupụta nke enyemaka ịsacha. Ọbụlagodi na PUI na-arụ ọrụ, 0.75% Chx.HCl nwere mmetụta nje bacteria kacha njọ. Mmelite laser nwere mmetụta ọjọọ na ịsacha nano-emulsion. Dịka a pụrụ ịhụ site na nsonaazụ niile gara aga, iji laser na-ebelata arụmọrụ nke Chx.HCl 0.75% nanoemulsion, ebe CFU nke nanoChx.HCl 0.75% bụ 195, nke bụ nnukwu uru, na-egosi na ihe ndị na-emegharị ahụ na ntinye a yiri mmalite laser. Laser diode bụ photothermal, yabụ ma ìhè ma ọ bụ okpomọkụ nwere ike ime ka nanoemulsion ghara inwe mmetụta nje bacteria. Nsonaazụ nke nnukwu njupụta bụ mbibi zuru oke nke nje bacteria. Nano Chx.HCl 1.6% gosipụtara uto nje bacteria na-adịghị mma n'ihu ntinye laser, nke pụtara na laser ahụ emetụtaghị ikike nje bacteria nke nano Chx.HCl 1.6%. Enwere ike ikwubi na ihe nanoemulsion nwere ntinye dị elu nwere mmetụta nje bacteria ka mma.
N'ọrụ a, e ji mmanụ abụọ dị iche iche kwadebe Chx.HCl nanoemulsions, a họọrọ usoro kachasị mma (F6) nwere obere nha ihe, oge emulsification dị mkpirikpi na oke mgbaze dị elu). Na mgbakwunye, a nwalere (F6) maka nkwụsi ike thermodynamic/anụ ahụ. Na Chx.HCl nanoemulsion na mkpokọta nke 1.6%, Chx.HCl nanoemulsion gosipụtara ikike kachasị mma na tubules ezé ma e jiri ya tụnyere Chx.HCl ọdịnala dị ka mmiri ịsacha, PUI dị ka usoro mkpali nwere ikike ịsacha. Na mgbakwunye, ọmụmụ nje bacteria nke Chx.HCl nanoemulsion gosipụtara mwepụ zuru oke nke nje bacteria. Nsonaazụ ahụ kwadoro nke a. Enwere ike iwere Chx.HCl nanoemulsion dị ka mmiri ịsacha na-ekwe nkwa.
Anyị nwere ekele dị ukwuu nye ndị ọrụ nke ụlọ nyocha nyocha nke Mahadum Sayensị na Teknụzụ Misr maka nkwado ha dị ukwuu.