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Kev sib xyaw thiab kev piav qhia ntawm chlorhexidine hydrochloride nanoemulsion ua ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob hauv paus hniav uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo: kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro thiab ex vivo
作者 Abdelmonem R., Younis MK, Hassan DH, El-Sayed Ahmed MAEG, Hassanien E., El-Batuti K., Elfaham A.
Rehab Abdelmonem, 1 Mona K. Younis, 1 Doaa H. Hassan, 1 Mohamed Abd El-Gawad El-Sayed Ahmed, 2 Ehab Hassanein, 3 Kariem El-Batuti, 3 Alaa Elfaham 31 Science thiab Technology, Kws Qhia Ntawv ntawm Tshuaj thiab Tshuaj Lag Luam, Misr University, 6 Lub Kaum Hli City, Egypt; 2 Department of Microbiology thiab Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University of Science thiab Technology, Lub Kaum Hli 6, Egypt; 3 Department of Endodontics, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt Kev Taw Qhia thiab Lub Hom Phiaj: Chlorine hexidine hydrochloride [Chx.HCl] muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob dav dav, ua haujlwm ntev thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom, yog li ntawd nws raug pom zoo ua cov tshuaj ntxuav hauv paus hniav. Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb no yog siv cov khoom tshiab Chx.HCl nanoemulsion los ua kom muaj zog nkag mus, ntxuav thiab ua haujlwm tua kab mob ntawm Chx.HCl thiab siv nws ua cov tshuaj ntxuav hauv paus hniav. Txoj Kev: Chx.HCl nanoemulsions tau npaj siv ob hom roj sib txawv: oleic acid thiab Labrafil M1944CS, ob hom surfactants, Tween 20 thiab Tween 80, thiab co-surfactant, propylene glycol. Kos ib daim duab pseudo-ternary theem los qhia txog qhov system zoo tshaj plaws. Cov nanoemulsion formulations uas tau npaj tseg tau raug soj ntsuam rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj, lub sijhawm emulsification, kev sib kis, qhov loj ntawm cov tee dej, kev tso tawm tshuaj hauv vitro, kev ruaj khov thermodynamic, kev ua haujlwm antibacterial hauv vitro, thiab kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro ntawm cov formulations xaiv. Kev nkag mus, kev ntxuav thiab kev ua haujlwm antibacterial ntawm Chx.HCl 0.75% thiab 1.6% nanoemulsion tau piv nrog qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me li cov kua dej hauv paus hniav. Cov txiaj ntsig. Cov formulation xaiv yog F6 nrog 2% Labrafil, 12% Tween 80 thiab 6% propylene glycol. Qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me (12.18 nm), lub sijhawm emulsification luv luv (1.67 vib nas this) thiab kev yaj sai tom qab 2 feeb. Nws tau pom tias yog ib lub cev thermodynamically/lub cev ruaj khov. Piv rau cov khoom me me Chx.HCl ib txwm muaj, qhov concentration siab dua ntawm Chx.HCl 1.6% nanoemulsion qhia tau tias nkag mus zoo dua vim yog qhov me me ntawm cov khoom me me. Piv rau cov khoom me me ib txwm muaj (2609.56 µm2), 1.6% Chx.HCl nanoemulsion muaj qhov nruab nrab me tshaj plaws ntawm cov khib nyiab seem (2001.47 µm2). Xaus lus: Nanoemulsion composition Chx.HCl muaj peev xwm ntxuav zoo dua thiab ua haujlwm antibacterial. Nws muaj kev ua haujlwm bactericidal zoo heev tiv thaiv Enterococcus faecalis, thiab tus nqi cog lus ntawm cov kab mob yog siab lossis raug rhuav tshem tag nrho. Cov lus tseem ceeb: chlorhexidine hydrochloride, nanoemulsion, root canal irrigation, penetration, cleansing effect, antibacterial irrigant.
Nanoemulsions, ib chav kawm ntawm cov emulsions nrog cov dej me me hauv qhov ntau ntawm 50–500 nm, tau txais kev saib xyuas ntau xyoo tas los no vim lawv cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Cov khoom ntxuav zoo, lawv tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tawv ntawm dej, feem ntau lawv muaj tshuaj lom tsawg thiab tsis muaj kev sib cuam tshuam electrostatic. 2 Nanotechnology muaj qhov loj me me heev, thaj chaw loj rau qhov sib piv ntawm pawg thiab cov khoom siv lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb piv rau cov khoom zoo sib xws, thiab tseem qhib cov kev xav tshiab hauv kev kho thiab tiv thaiv kab mob hniav. 3 Chlorhexidine hydrochloride (Chx.HCl) yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej, me ntsis soluble hauv cawv thiab maj mam stains hauv lub teeb. 4.5 SH. HCl muaj kev ua haujlwm antibacterial dav dav, kev ua haujlwm ntev thiab tshuaj lom tsawg. Vim yog cov khoom no, nws kuj raug pom zoo ua cov tshuaj irrigant hauv paus hniav. Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm Chx.HCl yog cytotoxicity qis, tsis muaj ntxhiab thiab tsis muaj saj tsis zoo. 6-9 Ntau hom lasers tau siv los txhim kho kev tua kab mob hauv paus hniav. Cov nyhuv tua kab mob ntawm lasers nyob ntawm qhov wavelength thiab lub zog, nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias, uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv phab ntsa cell ntawm cov kab mob, uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv osmotic gradient mus txog rau kev tuag ntawm cell. Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lasers thiab cov cuab yeej irrigators hauv paus qhib lub qab ntuj tshiab hauv kev tua kab mob pulp. 10 Lub zog Ultrasonic tsim cov zaus siab tab sis qis amplitudes. Cov ntaub ntawv tau tsim los oscillate ntawm ultrasonic frequencies ntawm 25–30 kHz, uas yog dhau qhov txwv ntawm tib neeg lub suab pom (> 20 kHz). Cov ntaub ntawv tau tsim los oscillate ntawm ultrasonic frequencies ntawm 25–30 kHz, uas yog dhau qhov txwv ntawm tib neeg lub suab pom (> 20 kHz). Файлы предназначены для колебаний на ультразвуковых частотах 25–30 кГц, которые находятся зо ховеделями человека (> 20 кГц). Cov ntaub ntawv tau tsim los kom co ntawm ultrasonic frequencies ntawm 25-30 kHz, uas yog dhau ntawm qhov ntau ntawm tib neeg hnov ​​​​​​lus (> 20 kHz).这些文件被设计成在25–30 kHz 的超声波频率下振荡，这超出了人类听觉感知的极限(> 2.25-30 kHz Файлы рассчитаны на колебания на ультразвуковых частотах 25–30 кГц, что выходит за пределы слуховояритя> 20пледелы слуховояритя кГц). Cov ntaub ntawv no yog tsim los rau kev co ntawm ultrasonic frequencies ntawm 25-30 kHz, uas yog dhau qhov txwv ntawm tib neeg lub rooj sib hais (> 20 kHz).Lawv ua haujlwm hauv kev oscillation transverse, teeb tsa cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov pob caus thiab antinodes raws lawv qhov ntev. Lo lus "passive ultrasonic irrigation" (PUI) yog ib qho kev cai irrigation uas tsis muaj cov cuab yeej lossis phab ntsa los kov cov ntaub ntawv endodontic lossis cov cuab yeej. Thaum lub sijhawm PUI, lub zog ultrasound raug xa mus los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv vibrating mus rau cov tshuaj irrigation hauv cov hauv paus hniav. Qhov kawg tuaj yeem ua rau sonic ntws thiab cavitation ntawm tus neeg sawv cev flushing. 11 Raws li cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no, nws raug suav hais tias tsim nyog siv nanotechnology los ntsuas qhov kev nkag mus thiab kev ntxuav zoo dua ntawm Chx.HCl.
Chlorhexidine hydrochloride Chx.HCl tau muab los ntawm Arab Drug Company for Pharmaceuticals (Cairo, Egypt). Labrafil M 1944 CS (oleoylpolyoxy-6-glyceride) tau muab los ntawm Gattefosse (Saint Priest, Fabkis). Tween 20 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate), Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene (80) sorbitan monooleate), oleic acid, propylene glycol los ntawm Gomhorya Company (Cairo, Egypt)). Kev rho tawm cov hniav ib leeg uas tsis yog carious rau kev kho mob periodontal lossis orthodontic, Department of Maxillofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. Kev cog qoob loo huv ntawm Enterococcus faecalis (strain ATCC 29212) cog rau hauv lub hlwb lub plawv extract (BHI) kua zaub (RC CLEANER, IIchung Dental Ltd., Seoul, Kauslim Teb).
Kev solubility ntawm Chx.HCl hauv ntau yam xov xwm (oleic acid, Labrafil M 1944CS, Tween 20, Tween 80, propylene glycol, thiab dej) tau kawm. Ib qho ntau ntawm Chx.HCl (50 mg) raug muab tso rau hauv lub raj centrifuge thiab 5.0 g ntawm theem nruab nrab raug ntxiv. Cov khoom sib tov tau co hauv lub vortex mixer rau 15 feeb thiab tom qab ntawd khaws cia rau hauv chav tsev kub. Tom qab 24 teev, cov tshuaj pellet tsis yaj hauv lub raj tau centrifuged ntawm 3000 rpm rau 5 feeb kom tau txais cov supernatant meej. Sau cov qauv tshuaj txaus thiab dilute nws nrog n-butanol. Cov qauv diluted tau lim los ntawm Whatman 102 lim ntawv thiab tom qab ntawd dilute kom raug nrog n-butanol los txiav txim siab qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj hauv cov kua saturated. Cov qauv tau soj ntsuam nrog UV spectrophotometer ntawm 260 nm nrog n-butanol ua tus tswj. 12.13
Ib daim duab qhia txog theem pseudo-triple tau tsim los txiav txim siab qhov sib piv ntawm txhua yam khoom uas xav tau hauv cov qauv kom tau txais cov kev ntsuas zoo tshaj plaws ntawm nanoemulsion zoo tagnrho. 14 Cov qauv tau tsim los ntawm kev siv roj (piv txwv li oleic acid thiab Labrafil M1944CS), surfactants (piv txwv li Tween 20 thiab Tween 80) thiab lwm yam surfactant, piv txwv li propylene glycol. Ua ntej, sib cais cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm surfactants (tsis muaj cosurfactants) thiab roj tau npaj rau hauv cov ntim sib txawv (los ntawm 1: 9 txog 9: 1). Thaum cov khoom sib xyaw raug titrated nrog dej (ntxiv dej poob), saib xyuas ze ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw los ntawm ntshiab mus rau pos huab ua qhov kawg. Cov ntsiab lus kawg no tom qab ntawd tau cim rau ntawm daim duab qhia txog theem pseudo-triple. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem tau rov ua dua rau cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm surfactant thiab surfactant theem nrab (Smix) npaj rau hauv 2: 1 thiab 3: 1 piv thiab sib xyaw nrog cov roj xaiv 15,16 ib.
Cov txheej txheem Nanoemulsion uas muaj Chx.HCl tau npaj siv Labrafil M 1944 CS ua cov roj theem thiab Tween 80 lossis 20 surfactant thiab propylene glycol ua cov surfactant ntxiv thiab thaum kawg dej, Rooj 1. Cov tshuaj tau yaj hauv Labrafil M 1944 CS thiab cov dej sib xyaw ua ke ntawm surfactant thiab surfactant theem ob tau ntxiv rau ntawm qhov qeeb qeeb nrog kev sib xyaw maj mam. Tus nqi ntawm surfactant thiab co-surfactant ntxiv, nrog rau feem pua ​​​​​​ntawm cov roj theem uas tuaj yeem ntxiv, tau txiav txim siab siv daim duab pseudo-ternary theem. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob ultrasonic (Ultrasonic LC 60 H, Elma, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees) tau siv los ua kom tiav qhov loj me xav tau rau kev faib cov granules. Tom qab ntawd sib npaug nws. 17
Kev sim dispersibility tau ua tiav los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab yaj (Dr. Schleuniger Pharmaton, Qauv Diss 6000, Thun, Switzerland) uas 1 ml ntawm txhua qhov kev npaj tau ntxiv rau 500 ml dej ntawm 37 ± 0.5 ° C. Kev co maj mam yog ua kom ntseeg tau los ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb tus qauv yaj paddles tig ntawm 50 rpm. Cov emulsion tshwm sim tau txiav txim siab pom thiab faib ua pob tshab, pob tshab nrog lub suab xiav, mis nyuj lossis pos huab. Xaiv cov mis pob tshab rau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv. 18.19
Kev rho tawm Chx.HCl los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke nanoemulsion zoo tshaj plaws raws li daim duab pseudo-triple theem ua rau muaj n-butanol siv cov thev naus laus zis ultrasonic. Tom qab dilution kom raug, cov extracts tau raug tshuaj xyuas spectrophotometrically ntawm qhov ntev ntawm 260 nm rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm Chx.HCl. nees nkaum.
Yuav kom sim lub sijhawm ua kom nws tus kheej emulsification, 1 ml ntawm txhua qhov sib xyaw tau ntxiv rau hauv lub beaker uas muaj 250 ml dej distilled thiab khaws cia ntawm 37 ± 1 ° C nrog kev sib xyaw tas li ntawm 50 rpm. Lub sijhawm ua kom nws tus kheej emulsification yog coj los ua lub sijhawm uas cov preconcentrate tsim cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke tom qab dilution. nees nkaum ib
Rau kev tshuaj xyuas qhov loj ntawm cov tee dej, dilute 50 mg ntawm cov mis tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws rau 1000 ml nrog dej hauv lub raj mis thiab sib tov maj mam los ntawm tes. Kev faib tawm ntawm cov tee dej tau txiav txim siab siv Malvern Zetasizer 2000 cov cuab yeej (Malvern Instruments Ltd., Malvern, UK) nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej rov qab nrhiav pom ntawm 173º, qhov kub ntawm 25ºC, thiab refractive index ntawm 1.330. nees nkaum ob
Kev tshawb nrhiav kev yaj hauv vitro tau ua tiav los ntawm kev siv lub cuab yeej USP Hom II (paddle) (Dr. Schleuniger Pharmaton, Diss Model 6000) ntawm 50 rpm. Dej distilled (500 ml) uas khaws cia ntawm qhov kub ntawm 37 ± 0.5 ° C tau siv ua cov khoom siv yaj, thiab 5 ml ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw tau ntxiv rau hauv cov khoom siv yaj. Tom qab ntawd, ntawm ntau lub sijhawm, 5 ml ntawm cov khoom siv yaj tau coj thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj tso tawm tau txiav txim siab spectrophotometrically ntawm 254 nm. Cov kev sim tau ua tiav hauv triplicate. nees nkaum peb
Tom qab ntawd, cov kev ntsuas kinetic ntawm Chx.HCl tso tawm hauv vitro los ntawm nanoemulsions npaj rau ntawm nws lub hauv paus tau ntsuas. Xoom, thawj thiab thib ob kinetics thiab Higuchi diffusion qauv tau sim los xaiv cov kab ke kinetic uas zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tso tawm ntawm Chx.HCl.
2 ml ntawm txhua daim ntawv tau khaws cia rau qhov kub thiab txias li 48 teev ua ntej pom kev sib cais theem. Tom qab ntawd 1 ml cov qauv ntawm txhua daim ntawv Chx.HCl nanoemulsion tau diluted rau 10 ml thiab 100 ml nrog dej distilled ntawm 25 ° C. thiab khaws cia rau 24 teev. Tom qab ntawd pom kev sib cais theem. nees nkaum ib
Tom qab ntawd cov qauv ntawm 2 ml ntawm txhua qhov sib xyaw tau raug xa mus rau hauv lub raj mis pob tshab nrog lub hau ntswj thiab khaws cia rau hauv lub tub yees ntawm 2 ° C rau 24 teev. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau raug tshem tawm thiab khaws cia ntawm 25 ° C thiab 40 ° C. Ib lub voj voog txias-yaj tau ua tiav. Cov qauv tau raug soj ntsuam rau kev sib cais theem thiab cov tshuaj nag. nees nkaum ib
Ib qho qauv 5 ml ntawm txhua daim Chx.HCl nanoemulsion formulation tau raug xa mus rau hauv lub raj iav thiab muab tso rau hauv lub chaw kuaj mob centrifuge (Shanghai Surgical Instrument Factory Microcentrifuge Model 800, Shanghai, People's Republic of China) thiab centrifuged ntawm 4000 rpm rau 5 feeb. Tom qab ntawd cov qauv tau raug soj ntsuam rau kev sib cais theem thiab kev tso tshuaj. nees nkaum ib
Tag nrho cov kev sim tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Ain Shams University, Egypt. 50 tus hniav tib neeg uas tsis yog carious ib leeg nrog lub apex tsim tau raug xaiv. Cov hniav rho tawm tau siv tom qab tau txais kev pom zoo sau ntawv kos npe los ntawm tus neeg mob. Cov hniav suav nrog maxillary thiab mandibular incisors thiab mandibular premolars. Cov nplaim sab nraud ntawm cov hauv paus hniav tau kho nrog curette thiab tag nrho cov hniav tau raug rau qhov chaw sterilization hauv 0.5% NaOCl rau 24 teev thiab tom qab ntawd khaws cia rau hauv sterile saline kom txog thaum siv. Lub crown tau raug tshem tawm nrog lub sab pob zeb diamond disc thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov hniav tau normalized rau 16 hli ntawm apex mus rau coronal margin. 24,25 Raws li cov tshuaj yaug, cov hniav tau muab faib ua cov pawg hauv qab no:
(A) Pawg (n = 24) cov qauv tau ntxuav nrog Chx.HCl nanoemulsion. Pawg me (I) (n = 12) cov qauv tau yaug nrog 5 ml Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 0.75% concentration. Pawg me (II) (n = 12) tau yaug cov qauv nrog 5 ml ntawm 1.6% Chx.HCl nanoemulsion. (B) Ib pawg (n = 24) ntawm cov qauv yuav raug ntxuav nrog 5 ml 2% Chx.HCl qhov loj me ib txwm muaj. Pawg tswj: (n = 2) ntxuav nrog 5 ml saline yam tsis tau ua kom muaj zog.
Tau xaiv 44 cov hniav tib neeg uas tsis yog carious ib leeg-rooted nrog lub taub hau tsim. Cov hniav suav nrog maxillary thiab mandibular incisors thiab mandibular premolars. Cov nto sab nraud ntawm cov hauv paus hniav tau kho nrog curette thiab tag nrho cov hniav tau raug rau qhov chaw sterilization hauv 0.5% NaOCl rau 24 teev thiab tom qab ntawd khaws cia rau hauv sterile saline kom txog thaum siv. Cov crowns tau raug tshem tawm nrog lub pob zeb diamond kev nyab xeeb thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov hniav tau normalized rau 16 hli ntawm apex mus rau coronal margin. 24,25,29
Kev npaj tshuab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv apical loj 50 siv cov txheej txheem txheem. Siv cov dej ntsev sterile ua cov dej thaum phais. Thaum kawg, cov hauv paus hniav tau yaug nrog 2 ml ntawm 17% EDTA rau 1 feeb kom tshem tawm cov txheej smear. Tag nrho cov hauv paus hniav, suav nrog lub apical foramen ntawm txhua tus qauv, tau npog nrog ob lub tsho tiv no ntawm cov xim rau tes (cyanoacrylate kua nplaum) kom tiv thaiv kev xau. Cov hniav tom qab ntawd tau teeb tsa ntsug hauv ib lub thaiv ntawm tartar rau kev yooj yim ntawm kev tuav thiab kev txheeb xyuas. 29-33 Cov qauv tau autoclaved ntawm 121ºC thiab 15 psi rau 20 feeb. Tom qab sterilization, tag nrho cov qauv tau thauj mus los thiab ua tiav nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej sterile siv cov cuab yeej sterile. Cov hauv paus hniav tau kis kab mob nrog cov kab lis kev cai ntshiab ntawm Enterococcus faecalis (strain ATCC 29212) cog rau hauv lub hlwb lub plawv extract (BHI) kua zaub rau 24 teev ntawm 37 ° C. Siv lub micropipette sterile, txhaj tshuaj meej ntawm E. faecalis inoculum rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav npaj ntawm txhua tus hniav. Cov blocks ces muab tso rau hauv cov beakers sterile thiab incubated ntawm 37 ° C rau 24 teev. 31, 34, 35
(A) Pawg (n = 24) cov qauv tau ntxuav nrog Chx.HCl nanoemulsion. Cov qauv ntawm pawg me (I) (n = 12) tau yaug nrog 5 ml ntawm Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 0.75% concentration. Pawg me (II) (n = 12) tau yaug cov qauv nrog 5 ml ntawm Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 1.6% concentration.
Pawg tswj: kev tswj zoo, (n = 4) cov hauv paus hniav uas muaj kuab lom tau ntxuav nrog 5 ml saline thiab khaws cia ua kev tswj zoo. Kev tswj tsis zoo: (n = 4) Cov qauv tsis tau txhaj tshuaj nrog cov tshuaj, piv txwv li cov hauv paus hniav tsis muaj kuab lom nrog E. faecalis, thiab tau khaws cia kom huv si ua kev tswj tsis zoo kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj kuab lom thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov txheej txheem. Siv 5 ml tshuaj ntxuav sim hauv txhua tus qauv. Txhua tus qauv tom qab ntawd tau ntxuav zaum kawg nrog 1 ml ntawm sterile saline.
Siv daim ntawv loj 35 uas tsis muaj kab mob siv los sau cov qauv ntawm cov cag hniav. Daim ntawv ntawd tau muab ntxig rau hauv lub raj kom ntev li ntev tau, tso rau 10 vib nas this, thiab tom qab ntawd muab hloov mus rau cov phaj agar kom paub seb muaj pes tsawg lub colony forming units (CFU) ib lub phaj. Cov phaj no tau muab tso rau hauv qhov kub 37ºC rau 24 teev thiab tom qab ntawd soj ntsuam seb puas muaj kab mob loj hlob. Lub phaj pob tshab qhia tias tsis muaj kab mob tag nrho. Cov phaj uas tsis meej pem suav tias loj hlob zoo. Tus lej nruab nrab ntawm CFUs hauv thaj chaw loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob ib lub tais tau txiav txim siab thiab tus lej ntawm CFUs tau suav. Cov neeg uas tseem muaj sia nyob feem ntau ntsuas nrog cov lej uas siv tau ntawm cov phaj ntws. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub khob nchuav tau siv los suav cov CFUs qis, thiab kev dilution rau 106 tau siv los suav cov CFUs siab. 36.37
Npaj cov raj uas muaj 15 ml ntawm cov agar medium uas tau yaj ua ntej sterilized hauv lub autoclave tib hnub rau kev sim. Enterococcus faecalis yog ib qho facultative Gram-positive anaerobic coccus uas tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob ntawm pH siab heev, ​​​acidity thiab kub siab. 39 Cov qauv kab mob (Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212) tau npaj los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov hlwb los ntawm cov pawg nrog sterile saline. Cov qauv kab mob tom qab ntawd tau diluted nrog saline kom phim McFarland 0.5, sib npaug rau 108 CFU / mL. Lub ntim qauv ntxiv yog 10 µl. 39 Tus qauv turbidity (McFarland 0.5) 40 tau npaj los ntawm kev nchuav 0.6 ml ntawm 1% (10 g / l) barium chloride dihydrate kua rau hauv lub tog raj kheej 100 ml thiab sau rau 100 ml nrog 1% (10 g / l) sulfuric acid. Cov qauv ntsuas qhov turbidity tau muab tso rau hauv tib lub raj li cov qauv kua zaub thiab khaws cia rau hauv chav sov li 6 lub hlis hauv qhov tsaus ntuj thiab kaw kom tiv thaiv kev ua kom qhuav. Qhib lub hau ntawm lub tais Petri khoob thiab nchuav cov qauv rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tais. Yog tias agar tau khov tag, tig lub phaj thiab incubate ntawm 37 ° C rau 24 teev.
Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau raug sau, teev ua pawg thiab raug tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv suav lej. Kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv tau ua tiav los ntawm kev siv IBM® SPSS® Statistical Version 17 rau Windows (SPSS Inc., IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA).
Kev solubility ntawm Chx.HCl hauv ntau theem roj, cov tshuaj surfactant, cov tshuaj co-surfactant, thiab dej tau kawm. Chx.Hcl muaj qhov solubility siab tshaj plaws hauv Labrafil M thiab qhov solubility qis tshaj plaws hauv oleic acid. Kev solubility tshuaj ntau dua hauv theem roj yog qhov tseem ceeb rau nanoemulsions vim tias nanoemulsions muaj peev xwm khaws cov tshuaj hauv daim ntawv yaj, txhais tau tias kev solubility tshuaj ntau dua hauv roj ua rau muaj roj tsawg dua hauv cov qauv thiab yog li ntawd cov tshuaj tsawg dua. loading Ib qho nyiaj ntawm surfactant thiab co-surfactant yog qhov yuav tsum tau los emulsify cov roj droplets.
Ib daim duab pseudo-triple theem tau tsim los txhais cov cheeb tsam nanoemulsion thiab ua kom zoo dua qhov concentration ntawm cov roj xaiv, surfactants, thiab ntxiv surfactants (Labrafil M, Tween 80, Tween 20, thiab propylene glycol, feem). Chx.Hcl qhia tau tias solubility qis heev hauv oleic acid, ua rau muaj huab thaum oleic acid raug titrated nrog thawj tee dej. Yog li ntawd, lub kaw lus oleic acid tau raug tshem tawm ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb no. Lwm cov qauv tau npaj siv 1: 9 sib xyaw ntawm roj thiab surfactant. ntau yam ntawm pH thiab ionic zog, yog li cov surfactants no tau raug xaiv.
Tag nrho cov mis tshuaj uas tau npaj tseg yog pob tshab tshwj tsis yog System F2, uas zoo li pob tshab thiab yog li ntawd raug tshem tawm ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntxiv.
Cov qauv nanoemulsion zoo tagnrho yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tawg tag nrho thiab sai sai thaum diluted nrog kev sib xyaw maj mam. Cov qauv nanoemulsion Chx.HCl qhia txog lub sijhawm emulsification luv luv, txij li 1.67 txog 12.33 vib nas this. Tween 80 muaj lub sijhawm emulsification luv tshaj plaws. Qhov no tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm lub peev xwm solubilizing siab dua ntawm Tween 80. Lub sijhawm self-emulsification nce nrog kev nce ntxiv ntawm surfactant concentration, uas tej zaum yuav yog vim qhov nce ntxiv ntawm viscosity ntawm lub kaw lus nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm surfactant.
Qhov loj ntawm cov tee dej ntawm cov emulsion txiav txim siab qhov nrawm thiab qhov ntev ntawm kev tso tshuaj. Qhov me me ntawm cov tee dej emulsion ua rau lub sijhawm emulsification luv dua thiab thaj chaw ntau dua rau kev nqus tshuaj. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov tee dej ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw xaiv ntawm Chx.HCl nanoemulsion yog 711 ± 0.44, 587 ± 15.3, 10.97 ± 0.11, 16.43 ± 4.55, thiab 12.18 ± 2.48, thiab PDI yog 0.76, 0.19, 0.61, 0.47 thiab 0.76 rau F1, F2., F3 thiab 0.16 feem F4, F5 thiab F6. Cov qauv uas muaj Tween 80 ua ib qho surfactant qhia tau hais tias muaj cov spherulites me dua. Qhov no yuav yog vim nws lub zog emulsifying siab dua. Tus nqi PDI qis dua qhia txog kev faib tawm qhov loj me ntawm lub cev. Cov qauv no muaj qhov zoo li huv si vim tias lawv cov tee dej me dua li qhov wavelength ntawm lub teeb pom kev (390-750 nm) uas qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm lub teeb tawg tshwm sim. 41
Hauv daim duab 2 qhia txog feem pua ​​ntawm Chx.HCl uas tau tso tawm los ntawm cov tshuaj uas tau tsim. Kev tso tawm tag nrho ntawm cov tshuaj los ntawm cov tshuaj uas tau npaj tseg ntawm Chx.HCl nanoemulsion yog li ntawm 2 txog 7 feeb. Nws tau pom tias qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev tso tawm tshuaj tau txais hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Chx.HCl F6 nanoemulsion formulation (2 feeb), uas tej zaum yog vim muaj Tween 80, uas qhia txog qib siab dua ntawm emulsification, thiab cov nanoemulsion tshwm sim. muab thaj chaw loj rau kev tso tawm tshuaj, uas ua rau muaj kev tso tawm tshuaj ntau ntxiv. Tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom solubility ntawm propylene glycol tso cai rau ntau cov hydrophilic surfactants kom yaj hauv cov roj. 40
Kev tso tawm Chx.HCl hauv vitro tau pom tias ua raws li qhov kev txiav txim sib txawv, thiab tsis muaj qhov kev txiav txim kinetic meej meej tuaj yeem qhia txog kev tso tawm tshuaj los ntawm cov qauv nanoemulsion sib txawv. Kev tso tawm kinetic ntawm F4 tshuaj yog thawj qhov kev txiav txim kinetics, uas txhais tau tias lawv raug tso tawm raws li qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj uas tseem nyob hauv lawv. 42 Kev tso tawm kinetic ntawm lwm cov tshuaj yog sib xws nrog Higuasha diffusion qauv, uas qhia tau tias qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj tso tawm yog sib npaug rau cov hauv paus plaub fab ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj yaj hauv nanoemulsion. 42
Cov qauv xaiv tau raug rau kev ruaj khov thermodynamic sib txawv los ntawm kev sim kev ntxhov siab siv cov voj voog kub-txias, centrifugation thiab freeze-thaw cycles. Nws tau pom tias cov qauv F3 thiab F4 qhia txog kev nag ntawm cov tshuaj tom qab cov voj voog yaj, thaum F1 qhia txog kev tuab (gelling). F5 thiab F6 dhau lub voj voog centrifugation tas mus li, kev sim cua sov-txias thiab kev sim khov-thaw. Nanoemulsions yog cov thermodynamically ruaj khov systems tsim ntawm qee qhov concentration ntawm roj, surfactant thiab dej tsis muaj kev sib cais theem, emulsification lossis tawg. Nws yog thermal stability uas sib txawv nanoemulsions los ntawm emulsions, uas yog kinetically ruaj khov thiab thaum kawg yuav sib cais ua theem. 19 F3 qhia txog qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me (587 nm) dua li lwm cov qauv, uas yuav piav qhia txog kev sib cais theem thiab cov tshuaj nag hauv kev sim thermodynamic stability. F4 uas muaj Tween 80 thiab tsis muaj co-surfactant qhia txog kev nag ntawm cov tshuaj, qhov no yuav qhia txog qhov xav tau siv propylene glycol thiab Tween 80 los txhim kho kev ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv nanoemulsion. F1 uas muaj Tween 20 tsis muaj surfactant ntxiv tau ua rau tuab (gelling), uas yog qhov nce ntxiv ntawm viscosity lossis lub zog ntawm gel vim yog cov tee dej sib sau ua ke.
Cov txiaj ntsig ruaj khov qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov muaj ntxiv propylene glycol surfactant kom nce qhov sib kis ntawm cov khoom me me thiab tiv thaiv cov tshuaj kom tsis txhob poob. 43 F6 yog cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws vim yog qhov me me ntawm cov khoom me me (12.18 nm), lub sijhawm emulsification luv luv (1.67 vib nas this) thiab qhov nrawm nrawm tom qab 2 feeb. Nws tau pom tias yog lub kaw lus thermodynamically / lub cev ruaj khov thiab yog li ntawd tau xaiv rau kev kawm ntxiv.
Cov kev ua tsis tiav tom qab kev kho mob hauv paus hniav tau dhau los ua ntau zaus, txhais tau tias cov neeg mob muaj feem yuav kis tau kab mob ntau dua. 44,45 Yuav tsum tshem tawm cov Biofilm thaum lub sijhawm tua kab mob thiab sau cov hauv paus hniav. 46,47 Vim yog qhov nyuaj ntawm lub kaw lus hauv paus hniav, nws nyuaj rau tshem tawm cov kab mob hauv paus hniav tag nrho siv cov cuab yeej thiab kev ywg dej xwb. 48 Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj yaug hauv paus hniav nyob ntawm qhov nkag mus ntawm cov tshuaj ywg dej rau hauv DT thiab lub sijhawm ntawm kev raug cov kab mob. 49 Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem tshiab ntawm kev tua kab mob hauv paus hniav tau raug sim thiab sim. Cov tshuaj yaug ib txwm tsis tshem tawm E. faecalis tag nrho vim tias DT.50 nkag mus tsawg dua.
Lub zog ntxuav nruab nrab ntawm cov nanoemulsion rinse yog 2001.47 µm2, thiab qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom me me ntawm cov tshuaj rinse aid yog 2609.56 µm. Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm cov nanoemulsion ntxuav thiab cov khoom me me ib txwm ntxuav yog 608.09 µm2. Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) ntawm cov nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov particle size irrigants uas muaj (P-value 0.00052). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) ntawm cov nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov particle size irrigants uas muaj (P-value 0.00052). Между иррригационными растворами наноэмульсии и ирригационными растворами с нормальным размерть часта статистически высокозначимая (P<0,001) разница (значение P 0,00052). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P < 0.001) (P tus nqi 0.00052) ntawm cov nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov khoom me me ib txwm muaj.纳米乳液冲洗剂和正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P<0.00502）.纳米乳液冲洗剂和正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P<0.00502）. Между ополаскивателем с наноэмульсией и ополаскивателем с нормальным размером частиц бычила статист и разница (P<0,0001) (значение P 0,00052). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P < 0.0001) ntawm nanoemulsion rinse thiab cov khoom me me ib txwm rinse (P tus nqi 0.00052).Cov nanoemulsion tau qhia txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev piv rau cov khoom siv me me, qhia txog qhov chaw seem qis dua, piv txwv li cov khoom siv nanoemulsion muaj peev xwm ntxuav tau zoo tshaj plaws, raws li pom hauv daim duab 3.
Daim Duab 3. Kev sib piv ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev ntxuav ntawm cov tshuaj ntxuav tes: (A) nrog Nano CHX laser qhib, (B) nrog CHX laser qhib, (C) nrog PUI Nano CHX, (D) tsis muaj Nano CHX qhib, (E) tsis muaj CHX qhib, thiab (F)) CHX PUI qhib.
Qhov nruab nrab ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov seem Chx.HCl 1.6% yog 2320.36 µm2, thiab thaj chaw nruab nrab ntawm Chx.HCl 2% yog 2949.85 µm2. Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) ntawm qhov concentration siab dua ntawm cov nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov particle size irrigants ib txwm muaj (P-value 0.00000). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) ntawm qhov concentration siab dua ntawm cov nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov particle size irrigants ib txwm muaj (P-value 0.00000). Наблюдалась статистически высокозначимая (P<0,001) разница между более высокой концентрацинуй нанимном ирригационных растворов и ирригационными растворами с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,0000). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) ntawm qhov concentration siab dua ntawm cov nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov particle size irrigants ib txwm muaj (P value 0.00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差。值0.00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学显着的差异 (1P<0.0) Наблюдалась статистически очень значимая разница (P<0,001) между более высокими концентрациями опонцентрациями опонцентрациями наноэмульсией и ополаскивателя с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P <0.001) ntawm cov concentration siab dua ntawm nanoemulsion rinse thiab cov khoom me me ib txwm rinse (P tus nqi 0.00000).Txawm hais tias qhov concentration ntawm nanoemulsion irrigant qis dua li ntawm cov khoom me me ib txwm muaj, qhov concentration qis dua no tau ua haujlwm zoo dua hauv kev tshem tawm cov khib nyiab thiab ua haujlwm zoo dua hauv kev ntxuav cov hauv paus hniav.
PUI muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (p<0.001) thaum piv rau lwm txoj kev ua kom muaj zog. PUI muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (p<0.001) thaum piv rau lwm txoj kev ua kom muaj zog. PUI имел статистически высокозначимую разницу (p<0,001) по сравнению с другими методами активации. PUI muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (p<0.001) piv rau lwm txoj kev ua kom muaj zog.与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上非常显着的差异(p<0.001).与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上非常显着的差异(p<0.001). По сравнению с другими методами активации PUI имел статистически очень значимую разницу (p<0,001). Piv rau lwm txoj kev ua kom muaj zog, PUI muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (p<0.001).Nrog kev qhib lub ISP, thaj chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov seem ntawm cov khib nyiab yog 1695.31 µm2. Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab Laser yog 987.89929 uas qhia tau tias muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) nrog (p-value 0.00000). Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab Laser yog 987.89929 uas qhia tau tias muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) nrog (p-value 0.00000). Средняя разница между PUI и Laser составила 987,89929, демонстрируя высокостатистически значимую (P<0,001) 0,00000). Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab Laser yog 987.89929, qhia txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) ntawm (p-value 0.00000). PUI 和Laser 之间的平均差异为987.89929，显示出高度统计学显着性(P<0.001) 差异(p 0.000).PUI thiab Laser Средняя разница между PUI и Laser составила 987,89929, что свидетельствует о высокой статистической <00,000. разницы (p-значение 0,00000). Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab Laser yog 987.89929, qhia txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) (p-value 0.00000). Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm yog 712.40643 qhia txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) nrog tus nqi p ntawm 0.00098). Kev siv Laser ua kom muaj zog lossis tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis txawv ntau ntawm statistically (P>0.05) nrog tus nqi P ntawm 0.451211. Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm yog 712.40643 qhia txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P < 0.001) nrog tus nqi p ntawm 0.00098). tus nqi P ntawm 0.451211. Средняя разница между PUI и отсутствием активации составила 712,40643, демонстрируя высочостатиси чуа (P<0,001) разницу с p-значением 0,00098). Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm yog 712.40643, qhia txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P < 0.001) nrog p-value ntawm 0.00098).Tus nqi P yog 0.451211. PUI 和未激活之间的平均差异为712.40643，显示高度统计学显着性差异(P<0.001), p 80 值).PUI Средняя разница между PUI и инактивацией составила 712,40643, что свидетельствует о высокой статист разницы (P<0,001, p-значение 0,00098). Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab kev tsis ua haujlwm yog 712.40643, qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov sib txawv (P<0.001, p-value 0.00098).使用激光激活或不激活在统计学上没有显着差异(P> 0.05) P 值为0.451211.使用激光激活或不激活在统计学上没有显着差异(P> 0.05) P 值为0.451211. Статистически значимой разницы (P>0,05) с лазерной активацией или без нее не было со значением 1 P 1 0,4. Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev suav lej (P> 0.05) nrog lossis tsis muaj laser ua haujlwm nrog tus nqi P ntawm 0.451211.Qhov nruab nrab ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov seem seem thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm laser yog 2683.21 µm2. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov seem seem yam tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm yog 2407.72 µm2. Piv nrog rau kev ua haujlwm laser lossis tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm, PUI muaj thaj chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov chip me dua, uas yog lub zog ntxuav zoo tshaj plaws.
Lub zog ntxuav nruab nrab ntawm cov nanoemulsion rinse yog 2001.47 µm2, thiab qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom me me ntawm cov tshuaj rinse aid yog 2609.56 µm. Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm cov nanoemulsion ntxuav thiab cov khoom me me ib txwm ntxuav yog 608.09 µm2. Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) ntawm cov nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov particle size irrigants uas muaj (P-value 0.00052). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) ntawm cov nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov particle size irrigants uas muaj (P-value 0.00052). Между иррригационными растворами наноэмульсии и ирригационными растворами с нормальным размером часы статистически высокозначимая (P<0,001) разница (значение P 0,00052). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P < 0.001) (P tus nqi 0.00052) ntawm cov nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov khoom me me ib txwm muaj.纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异 (P<0.001.0P) P <0.001) (P值0.00052). Между ополаскивателем с наноэмульсией и ополаскивателем с нормальным размером частиц бычила статист и разница (P<0,0001) (значение P 0,00052). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P < 0.0001) ntawm nanoemulsion rinse thiab cov khoom me me ib txwm rinse (P tus nqi 0.00052).Piv rau cov khoom siv me me ib txwm muaj, cov nanoemulsion muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev, qhia txog qhov nruab nrab qis dua ntawm thaj chaw seem, piv txwv li cov khoom siv Nanoemulsion muaj peev xwm ntxuav tau zoo dua raws li pom hauv Daim Duab 3.
Qhov nruab nrab ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov seem Chx.HCl 1.6% yog 2320.36 µm2, thiab thaj chaw nruab nrab ntawm Chx.HCl 2% yog 2949.85 µm2. Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) ntawm qhov concentration siab dua ntawm cov nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov particle size irrigants ib txwm muaj (P-value 0.00000). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) ntawm qhov concentration siab dua ntawm cov nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov particle size irrigants ib txwm muaj (P-value 0.00000). Имелась статистически высокодостоверная (P<0,001) разница между более высокой концентрацией наноэмульная ирригационных средств и ирригационными растворами с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,0000). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev suav lej (P<0.001) ntawm qhov concentration siab dua ntawm cov nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov khoom me me ib txwm muaj (P value 0.00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异 (P<0.001) (P值0.00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的工粒。 Наблюдалась статистически высокозначимая разница (P <0,001) между более высокими концентрациями опонцентрациями опонцентрациями наноэмульсией и ополаскивателем с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P < 0.001) ntawm cov concentration siab dua ntawm nanoemulsion rinse thiab cov particle size rinse ib txwm muaj (P value 0.00000).Txawm hais tias qhov concentration ntawm nanoemulsion irrigant qis dua li ntawm cov khoom me me ib txwm muaj, qhov concentration qis dua no tau ua haujlwm zoo dua hauv kev tshem tawm cov khib nyiab thiab ua haujlwm zoo dua hauv kev ntxuav cov hauv paus hniav.
PUI muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (p<0.001) thaum piv rau lwm txoj kev ua kom muaj zog. PUI muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (p<0.001) thaum piv rau lwm txoj kev ua kom muaj zog. PUI имел статистически высокую значимую разницу (p<0,001) по сравнению с другими методами активации. PUI muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb (p<0.001) piv rau lwm txoj kev ua kom muaj zog.与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上的显着差异(p<0.001). Piv nrog rau lwm txoj kev ua kom muaj zog, PUI muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb (p<0.001). PUI статистически значимо отличался (p<0,001) по сравнению с другими методами активации. PUI txawv ntawm lwm txoj kev ua haujlwm (p<0.001) piv rau lwm txoj kev ua haujlwm.Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm PUI, thaj chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov khib nyiab seem yog 1695.31 μm2. Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab Laser yog 987.89929 qhia txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) nrog (p-value 0.00000). Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm yog 712.40643 qhia txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) nrog (p-value 0.00098). Kev siv Laser ua haujlwm lossis tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm statistical (P>0.05) nrog (P-value 0.451211). Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab Laser yog 987.89929 uas qhia tau tias muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) nrog (p-value 0.00000). Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm yog 712.40643 uas qhia tau tias muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) nrog (p-value 0.00098). Kev siv Laser ua haujlwm lossis tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm statistically (P>0.05) nrog (P-value 0.451211). Средняя разница между PUI и лазером составила 987,89929, демонстрируя высокостатистически значируски значим 1 значируни, 1 P. (p-значение 0,00000). Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab laser yog 987.89929, qhia txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P < 0.001) nrog (p-value 0.00000). - значение 0,00098).Использование лазерной активации или отсутствие активации не имело статистически зне имело статистически знатистически (P>0,05) с (P-значение 0,451211). - tus nqi 0.00098). Kev siv laser activation lossis tsis muaj activation muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb (P> 0.05) nrog (P-tus nqi 0.451211). PUI 和激光之间的平均差异为987.89929，与(p 值0.00000) 差异具有高度统计学意义0(P<0). Qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm PUI thiab laser yog 987.89929, thiab qhov sib txawv (p 值0.00000) muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev suav lej (P <0.001). Средняя разница между PUI и лазером составила 987,89929, что было высоко статистически значимым значимым (P<0,P<0) 0,00000). Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab laser yog 987.89929, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev (P <0.001) nrog (p tus nqi 0.00000). PUI 与未激活之间的平均差异为712.40643，与(p) 差异具有高度统计学意义(P<0.001)0.001. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm PUI thiab tsis ua haujlwm yog 712.40643, thiab qhov sib txawv (p) muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev suav lej (P<0.001) - tus nqi 0.00098. Средняя разница между PUI и инактивацией составила 712,40643, что было высоко статистически значниремы значимым (P<0,001 — значение 0,00098). Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab kev tsis ua haujlwm yog 712.40643, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev nrog qhov sib txawv (p) (P <0.001 - tus nqi 0.00098).使用激光激活或不激活没有显着统计学差异(P> 0.05) 与(P 值0.451211). Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom laser thiab tsis ua kom (P> 0.05) thiab (P 值0.451211). Не было статистически значимой разницы (P> 0,05) по сравнению с (значение P 0,451211) с лаизерной лакти. Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev suav lej (P> 0.05) piv rau (P tus nqi 0.451211) nrog lossis tsis muaj laser ua haujlwm.Qhov nruab nrab ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov seem seem thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm laser yog 2683.21 μm2. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov seem seem yam tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm yog 2407.72 μm2. Piv nrog rau kev ua haujlwm laser lossis tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm, PUI muaj thaj chaw nruab nrab me dua ntawm cov nti, piv txwv li muaj peev xwm ntxuav tau zoo dua.
Qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov nanoemulsion rinse rau kev tshem tawm cov khib nyiab yog siab dua li ntawm cov khoom me me ib txwm muaj. Chx.HCl 1.6%, PUI 1938.77 µm2, 2510.96 µm2 nrog laser. Yog tsis ua haujlwm, tus nqi nruab nrab yog 2511.34 µm2. Thaum 2% Chx.HCl siv thiab ua haujlwm nrog laser, cov txiaj ntsig yog qhov phem tshaj plaws thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov khib nyiab yog qhov siab tshaj plaws. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam tau txais thaum 0.75% Chx.HCl tsis ua haujlwm. Nws yog qhov tseeb, cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws tau txais los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj ntxuav ntau dua hauv nanoemulsion. PUI tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev ua haujlwm irrigant thiab kev ntxuav cov khib nyiab, raws li pom hauv Daim Duab 3A-F)).
Raws li tau pom hauv Rooj 2, Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ua tau zoo dua li cov khoom me me ib txwm hais txog cov kab mob me me uas muaj sia nyob thiab muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog kev nkag mus rau hauv cov mis thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntxuav raws li cov kev ntsuas hauv qab no: qhov loj me, kev sib xyaw ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntxuav thiab txoj kev ua kom muaj zog.
Cov kab mob tuaj yeem raug rhuav tshem tag nrho los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj ntxuav uas muaj zog dua. Txawm tias muaj PUI activation, 0.75% Chx.HCl muaj cov nyhuv tua kab mob phem tshaj plaws. Kev ua haujlwm laser muaj qhov tsis zoo rau nano-emulsion rinses. Raws li tuaj yeem pom los ntawm txhua qhov txiaj ntsig yav dhau los, kev siv laser txo qhov ua tau zoo ntawm Chx.HCl 0.75% nanoemulsion, qhov twg CFU ntawm nanoChx.HCl 0.75% yog 195, uas yog tus nqi siab heev, qhia tias cov reagents ntawm qhov concentration no zoo ib yam li laser activation. Diode lasers yog photothermal, yog li lub teeb lossis cua sov tuaj yeem ua rau nanoemulsion poob nws cov nyhuv tua kab mob. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov concentration siab yog kev rhuav tshem tag nrho ntawm cov kab mob. Nano Chx.HCl 1.6% qhia txog kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob tsis zoo hauv qhov muaj laser activation, uas txhais tau tias lub laser tsis cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm tua kab mob ntawm nano Chx.HCl 1.6%. Nws tuaj yeem xaus lus tias cov khoom siv nanoemulsion nrog cov concentration siab dua muaj cov nyhuv tua kab mob zoo dua.
Hauv txoj haujlwm no, Chx.HCl nanoemulsions tau npaj siv ob hom roj sib txawv, ob hom surfactants thiab ib hom co-surfactant, cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws (F6) nrog cov khoom me me, lub sijhawm emulsification luv luv thiab tus nqi yaj siab) tau xaiv. Ntxiv rau, (F6) tau sim rau thermodynamic/physical stability. Hauv Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ntawm qhov concentration ntawm 1.6%, Chx.HCl nanoemulsion tau qhia txog qhov permeability zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov tubules dentinal piv rau Chx.HCl ib txwm ua kua dej yaug, thiab PUI ua txoj kev ua kom muaj peev xwm ntxuav. Ntxiv rau, kev tshawb fawb txog kev tua kab mob ntawm Chx.HCl nanoemulsion tau qhia txog kev tshem tawm tag nrho cov kab mob. Cov txiaj ntsig tau lees paub qhov no. Chx.HCl nanoemulsion tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog cov kua ntxuav zoo.
Peb ua tsaug ntau rau cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub chaw kuaj mob tshawb fawb ntawm Misr University of Science thiab Technology rau lawv txoj kev txhawb nqa zoo.