Insimbi engagqwali ephindwe kabili inesakhiwo esincane esinezigaba ezimbili, lapho ingxenye yomthamo we-ferrite ne-austenite icishe ibe ngu-50%. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esincane esinezigaba ezimbili, lezi zinsimbi zihlanganisa izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zensimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic ne-austenitic. Ngokuvamile, isigaba se-ferritic (i-cubic lattice egxile emzimbeni) sinikeza amandla aphezulu omshini, ukuqina okuhle kanye nokumelana okuhle nokugqwala, kuyilapho isigaba se-austenitic (i-cubic lattice egxile ebusweni) sinikeza ukuguquguquka okuhle.
Ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwalezi zakhiwo, izinsimbi ezingagqwali ezimbili zisetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yamakhemikhali kaphethiloli, i-pulp kanye nephepha, ezolwandle kanye nezamandla. Zingamelana nezimo ezinzima, zandise isikhathi senkonzo futhi zisebenze ezimweni zemvelo ezimbi kakhulu.
Izinto eziqinile kakhulu zinciphisa ukujiya kanye nesisindo sengxenye. Isibonelo, insimbi engagqwali ye-super duplex inganikeza amandla okugoba aphindwe kathathu kuya kane kanye nokumelana nomgodi kwensimbi engagqwali engu-316.
Izinsimbi ezingagqwali ezimbili zihlukaniswa ngamabanga amathathu ngokusekelwe kokuqukethwe kwe-gravimetric chromium (Cr) kanye nenombolo elinganayo yokumelana nemigodi (PREN):
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zokushisela i-DSS, i-SDSS, i-HDSS kanye nezinsimbi ezingenalutho ezikhethekile ze-alloy ukulawula amapharamitha okushisela.
Izidingo zenqubo yokushisela embonini ye-petrochemical zinquma ubuncane be-PREN obudingekayo kwizinsimbi zokugcwalisa. Isibonelo, i-DSS idinga inani le-PREN elingu-35, kuyilapho i-SDSS idinga inani le-PREN elingu-40. 1 ikhombisa i-DSS kanye nensimbi yayo yokugcwalisa ehambisanayo ye-GMAW ne-GTAW. Njengomthetho, okuqukethwe kwe-Cr ensimbini yokugcwalisa kuhambisana nokuqukethwe kwe-Cr ensimbini eyisisekelo. Enye indlela okufanele uyicabangele lapho usebenzisa i-GTAW yezimpande neziteshi ezishisayo ukusebenzisa izinsimbi zokugcwalisa ze-superalloy. Uma insimbi yokugcwalisa ingalingani ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obubi, insimbi yokugcwalisa exutshwe ngokweqile inganikeza i-PREN efiselekayo kanye namanye amanani esampula yokugcwalisa.
Isibonelo, ukuze kuboniswe lokhu, abanye abakhiqizi batusa ukusebenzisa ucingo lokugcwalisa lwe-SDSS (25% Cr) kuma-alloy asekelwe ku-DSS (22% Cr) kanye nocingo lokugcwalisa lwe-HDSS (27% Cr) kuma-alloy asekelwe ku-SDSS (25% Cr). Ucingo lokugcwalisa lwe-HDSS lungasetshenziswa futhi kuma-alloy e-HDSS. Le duplex ye-austenitic-ferritic iqukethe cishe i-ferrite engu-65%, i-chromium engu-27%, i-nickel engu-6.5%, i-molybdenum engu-5% futhi kubhekwa njengengaphansi kwe-carbon ephansi engu-0.015%.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-SDSS, ukupakisha kwe-HDSS kunamandla aphezulu okukhiqiza kanye nokumelana okungcono nokugqwala kwemigodi kanye ne-crevice. Futhi kunokumelana okuphezulu nokuqhekeka kokucindezeleka kwe-hydrogen kanye nokumelana okuphezulu ezindaweni ezine-asidi enamandla kune-SDSS. Amandla ayo aphezulu asho izindleko zokulungisa eziphansi ekukhiqizweni kwamapayipi, njengoba insimbi yokushisela enamandla anele ingadingi ukuhlaziywa kwezinto ezilinganiselwe futhi izindlela zokwamukela zingaba zincane kakhulu.
Njengoba kunikezwe ububanzi bezinto eziyisisekelo, izidingo zemishini kanye nezimo zokusebenza, sicela uxhumane nochwepheshe we-DSS kanye nohlelo lokugcwalisa insimbi ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nephrojekthi yakho elandelayo.
I-WELDER, eyayibizwa ngokuthi i-Practical Welding Today, imelela abantu bangempela abenza imikhiqizo esiyisebenzisayo futhi esisebenza nayo nsuku zonke. Lo magazini ubulokhu ukhonza umphakathi wokushisela eNyakatho Melika iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20.
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