Welding Stainless simbi inoda kusarudzwa kwekudzivirira gasi kuchengetedza metallurgical kuumbwa uye kubatanidzwa kwemuviri uye mechanical properties.Common shielding gas elements for stainless steel zvinosanganisira argon, helium, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, uye hydrogen (ona Mufananidzo 1) magasi aya akabatanidzwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekufambisa, mhando dzekufambisa, tambo yekufambisa, tambo yekufambisa, tambo yekufambisa, wire, tambo yekufambisa, wire , wire, speed base, wire , , , .
Nekuda kwekusashanda zvakanaka kwekupisa kwesimbi isina tsvina uye "kutonhora" hunhu hwepfupi-circuit kufambisa gasi simbi arc welding (GMAW), iyo nzira inoda "tri-mix" gasi rine 85% kusvika 90% helium (He), kusvika 10 % Argon (Ar) uye 2% kusvika 5% musanganiswa weCarbon 0%, A90% musanganiswa weCarbon Dioxide). 7-1 / 2% Ar, uye 2-1 / 2% CO2. Iyo yakakwirira ionization inokwanisa yehelium inokurudzira arcing mushure mepfupi pfupi; yakabatanidzwa nepamusoro-soro yekupisa kwayo, kushandiswa kweAnowedzera kunyunguduka kwedziva rakanyungudutswa.Iri chikamu cheAr cheTrimix chinopa kudzivirirwa kwakawanda kweweld puddle, nepo CO2 inoshanda sechinhu chinogadzirisa kugadzirisa arc (ona Mufananidzo 2 kuti magasi ekudzivirira akasiyana sei anokanganisa weld bead profile).
Mimwe misanganiswa ye ternary inogona kushandisa oxygen seyakagadzikana, asi vamwe vanoshandisa He / CO2 / N2 musanganiswa kuti vabudirire zvakafanana.Vamwe vanogovera gasi vane proprietary gas blends inopa zvikomborero zvakavimbiswa.
Chikanganiso chikuru chinogadzirwa nevagadziri ndechekuedza kupfupisa GMAW simbi isina tsvina ine gasi musanganiswa wakafanana (75 Ar/25 CO2) sesimbi yakapfava, kazhinji nekuti havadi kubata imwe humburumbira.Musanganiswa uyu une kabhoni yakawandisa.Kutaura zvazviri, chero gasi rekudzivirira rinoshandiswa pawaya yakasimba rinofanira kunge riine huwandu hunosvika 5% carbon dioxide.Kushandisa imwe simbi yakakura inoguma inoonekwa sesimbi yakakura L-grade. (L-grade ine carbon content iri pasi pe 0.03%). Yakawandisa kabhoni mukudzivirira gasi inogona kuumba chromium carbides, iyo inoderedza kusagadzikana kwekuora uye mechanical properties.Soot inogonawo kuonekwa pane weld surface.
Sechinyorwa chepadivi, pakusarudza simbi dzekupfupisa GMAW ye300 series base alloys (308, 309, 316, 347), vagadziri vanofanira kusarudza LSi giredhi.LSi fillers vane low carbon content (0.02%) uye saka zvinonyanya kukurudzirwa kana paine njodzi ye intergranular corrosion. weld uye kukurudzira fusion pachigunwe.
Vagadziri vanofanira kushandisa kuchenjerera pavanenge vachishandisa pfupi-circuit kufambisa maitiro.Isina kukwana fusion inogona kuguma nekuda kwekudzima kwearc, zvichiita kuti nzira yacho ive sub-par yezvikumbiro zvakakosha.Mumamiriro ezvinhu epamusoro-soro, kana zvinhu zvinogona kutsigira kupisa kwaro (≥ 1/16 inch inenge iyo thinnest material welded uchishandisa pulse spray mode), kuva zvinhu zvinotsigira nzvimbo, kupfapfaidza nzvimbo, kupfapfaidza kunenge kuri nani. GMAW inosarudzwa sezvo ichipa fusion inowirirana.
Aya maitiro ekupisa kupisa haadi He shielding gas.Nekuda kwespray transfer welding ye 300 series alloys, a common choice is 98% Ar uye 2% reactive zvinhu zvakadai se CO2 kana O2.Mimwe misanganiswa yegasi inogonawo kunge iine zvishoma zveN2.N2 ine yakakwirira ionization inogona uye thermal conductivity, iyo inokurudzira wetting uye inobvumira kukurumidza kufamba; zvinoderedzawo kukanganisa.
For pulsed spray transfer GMAW, 100% Ar inogona kuva sarudzo inogamuchirwa.Nekuda kwekuti pulsed current inogadzirisa arc, gasi haidi nguva dzose zvinhu zvinoshanda.
Dziva rakanyungudutswa rinononoka kune ferritic Stainless steels uye duplex Stainless steels (50/50 ratio ye ferrite kune austenite) .Kune aya alloys, gasi musanganiswa wakadai ~ 70% Ar / ~ 30% He / 2% CO2 ichakurudzira kunyorova uye kuwedzera kukurumidza kufamba (ona Mufananidzo 3) . fomu pane weld surface (semuenzaniso, kuwedzera 2% CO2 kana O2 yakakwana kuti iwedzere oxide yemukati, saka vagadziri vanofanira kuvadzivisa kana kugadzirira kupedza nguva yakawanda pavari). Abrasive nekuti ma oxides aya akaomarara zvekuti wire brush kazhinji haabvise).
Vagadziri vanoshandisa flux-cored stainless wires for out-of-situ welding because the slag system in these wires inopa "sherufu" inotsigira weld pool sezvainosimba.Nekuda kwekuti flux composition inoderedza migumisiro ye CO2, flux-cored stainless steel wire yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa ne 75% CO2 % 0 % 0 % / 2W musanganiswa CO2 / 2W musanganiswa CO2. Flux-cored wire inogona kudhura papound imwe neimwe, zvakakosha kuziva kuti yakakwirira-yese-nzvimbo welding kumhanya uye deposition mitengo inogona kuderedza huwandu hwese welding cost.Kuwedzera, iyo flux-cored wire inoshandisa yakajairika voltage DC inobuda, ichiita iyo yekutanga welding system isingadhure uye isinganyanyi kuomarara pane pulsed GMAW masisitimu.
Pamusoro pe300 uye 400 series alloys, 100% Ar inoramba iine sarudzo yegasi tungsten arc welding (GTAW) .Panguva yeGTAW yemamwe nickel alloys, kunyanya nemakanika maitiro, zviduku zvehydrogen (kusvika ku5%) zvinogona kuwedzerwa kuwedzera kukurumidza kufamba (ona kuti kusiyana nekabhoni steels, nickel kune hydrogen alloys haisi cracking).
Kune welding superduplex uye superduplex Stainless steels, 98% Ar / 2% N2 uye 98% Ar / 3% N2 isarudzo dzakanaka, zvichiteerana.Helium inogonawo kuwedzerwa kuvandudza kunyorova neanenge 30%.Kana welding super duplex kana super duplex stainless steels, chinangwa ndechekugadzira chibatanidza chine 50% yakaenzana uye 50% ferriture. austenite.Nekuti kuumbwa kweiyo microstructure kunoenderana nekutonhora kwekutonhora, uye nekuti iyo TIG weld pool inotonhora nekukurumidza, yakawandisa ferrite inoramba iripo kana 100% Ar inoshandiswa.Kana gasi rinosanganiswa rine N2 rinoshandiswa, iyo N2 inopinda mudziva yakanyungudutswa uye inokurudzira austenite kuumbwa.
Simbi isina tsvina inoda kuchengetedza mativi maviri emubatanidzwa kuti ibudise weld yakapedzwa neyakaomarara kusagadzikana.
Tight butt fittings ine zvinogara zvakanakisa kuenderana kana kusimba kwemukati kumashure kweiyo fitting ingasada tsigiro gasi.Pano, nyaya huru ndeyekudzivirira yakawandisa discoloration yenzvimbo yakakanganiswa nekupisa nekuda kwe oxide kuvaka-up, iyo inoda kubviswa kwemagetsi. 300 madhigirii Fahrenheit sechikumbaridzo.Zvakanaka, kutsigirwa kunofanira kuva pasi pe30 PPM O2. Kunze kwekuti kana mushure we weld ichave yakagochwa, pasi uye yakasungirirwa kuti iwane kupindira kwakakwana kwe weld.
Magasi maviri anotsigira esarudzo ndiN2 (yakachipa) uye Ar (inodhura zvakanyanya) .Kumagungano maduku kana kana maAr sources aripo nyore nyore, zvingave zviri nyore kushandisa gasi iri uye zvisingakodzeri kuchengetedza N2.Kusvika ku5% hydrogen inogona kuwedzerwa kuderedza oxidation.Kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekutengeserana zvinosarudzwa zviripo, asi zvitsigiro zvekumba uye madhamu ekuchenesa zvinowanzoitika.
Kuwedzerwa kwe10.5% kana kupfuura kwechromium ndiyo inopa simbi isina tsvina yayo.Kuchengetedza zvinhu izvi kunoda unyanzvi hwakanaka pakusarudza yakarurama welding shielding gasi uye kudzivirira kuseri kwekubatana.Stainless steel inodhura, uye pane zvikonzero zvakanaka zvekuishandisa.Hapana chikonzero mukuedza kutema makona kana zvasvika kune iyi shielding inogadzirisa shielding kana kuzadza simbi. ane ruzivo gasi mugovani uye filler simbi nyanzvi pakusarudza gasi uye filler simbi ye welding Stainless simbi.
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