Liphaephe li ka aroloa ka liphaephe tsa tšepe le liphaephe tse seng tsa tšepe. Liphaephe tsa tšepe li aroloa hape ka mefuta ea ferrous le e seng ea ferrous. Litšepe tsa ferrous li entsoe haholo ka tšepe, ha litšepe tse seng tsa ferrous li sa etsoa ka tšepe. Liphaephe tsa tšepe ea carbon, liphaephe tsa tšepe e sa hloekang, liphaephe tsa chrome molybdenum le liphaephe tsa tšepe e lahlehileng kaofela ke liphaephe tsa tšepe tse nang le ferrous tse nang le tšepe e le karolo ea bohlokoa. Liphaephe tsa alloy ea nickel le nickel, hammoho le liphaephe tsa koporo, ke liphaephe tse se nang ferrous. Liphaephe tsa polasetiki, liphaephe tsa konkreite, liphaephe tse nang le polasetiki, liphaephe tse nang le khalase, liphaephe tse nang le konkreite le liphaephe tse ling tse khethehileng tse ka sebelisoang merero e khethehileng li bitsoa liphaephe tse seng tsa tšepe. Liphaephe tsa tšepe tse nang le ferrous ke liphaephe tse sebelisoang haholo indastering ea matla; liphaephe tsa tšepe ea carbon li sebelisoa haholo. Maemo a ASTM le ASME a laola mefuta e fapaneng ea liphaephe le thepa ea liphaephe tse sebelisoang indastering ea ts'ebetso.
Tšepe ea khabone ke tšepe e sebelisoang haholo indastering, e etsang karolo e fetang 90% ea tlhahiso eohle ea tšepe. Ho latela litaba tsa khabone, litšepe tsa khabone li arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e meraro:
Litšepeng tse kopantsoeng, likarolo tse fapaneng tsa likarolo tsa ho kopanya li sebelisoa ho fihlela litšobotsi tse lakatsehang (tse ntlafetseng) tse kang ho tjheseletsa, ho ductility, ho sebetsa ka thata, matla, ho thatafala le ho hanyetsa mafome, jj. Tse ling tsa likarolo tsa ho kopanya tse sebelisoang haholo le mesebetsi ea tsona ke tse latelang:
Tšepe e sa ruseng ke tšepe ea motsoako e nang le chromium ea 10.5% (bonyane). Tšepe e sa ruseng e bontša khanyetso e ikhethang ea khanyetso ka lebaka la ho thehoa ha lera le lesesaane haholo la Cr2O3 holim'a metsi. Lera lena le boetse le tsejoa e le lera le sa etseng letho. Ho eketsa bongata ba chromium ho tla ntlafatsa khanyetso ea khanyetso ea khanyetso ea thepa. Ntle le chromium, nickel le molybdenum lia eketsoa ho fana ka thepa e lakatsehang (kapa e ntlafetseng). Tšepe e sa ruseng e boetse e na le lik'habone tse fapaneng, silicon le manganese. Tšepe e sa ruseng e boetse e arotsoe ka lihlopha tse latelang:
Ntle le limaraka tse boletsoeng ka holimo, litšepe tse ling tse sa hloekang tsa limaraka tse tsoetseng pele (kapa limaraka tse khethehileng) tse sebelisoang indastering ke:
Litšepe tsa lisebelisoa li na le khabone e ngata (0.5% ho isa ho 1.5%). Khabone e ngata e fana ka thata le matla a mangata. Tšepe ena e sebelisoa haholo ho etsa lisebelisoa le hlobo. Litšepe tsa lisebelisoa li na le litekanyo tse fapaneng tsa tungsten, cobalt, molybdenum, le vanadium ho eketsa mocheso oa tšepe le ho hanyetsa ho tsofala hammoho le ho tšoarella. Sena se etsa hore tšepe ea lisebelisoa e be e loketseng lisebelisoa tsa ho seha le ho cheka.
Liphaephe tsena li sebelisoa haholo indastering ea ts'ebetso. Litlhaloso tsa ASTM le ASME bakeng sa liphaephe li shebahala li fapane, empa maemo a thepa aa tšoana. Mohl:
Sebopeho le thepa ea thepa ho likhoutu tsa ASME le ASTM lia tšoana ntle le lebitso. Matla a ho thapolla a ASTM A 106 Gr A ke 330 Mpa, ASTM A 106 Gr B ke 415 Mpa, 'me ASTM A 106 Gr C ke 485 Mpa. Phaephe ea tšepe ea khabone e sebelisoang haholo ke ASTM A 106 Gr B. Ho na le mokhoa o mong oa ho sebelisa ASTM A 106 Gr A 330 Mpa, ASTM A 53 (Hot Dip Galvanized kapa Line Pipe), eo hape e leng phaephe ea tšepe ea khabone e sebelisoang haholo bakeng sa phaephe. ​​Phaephe ea ASTM A 53 e fumaneha ka mekhahlelo e 'meli:
Phaephe ea ASTM A 53 e arotsoe ka mefuta e meraro - Mofuta oa E (ERW - Resistance Welded), Mofuta oa F (Sebōpi le ho Welded Butt), Mofuta oa S (Ha e na Seam). Mofuta oa E, ASTM A 53 Gr A le ASTM A 53 Gr B ka bobeli lia fumaneha. Mofuta oa F, ke ASTM A 53 Gr A feela e fumanehang, ha Mofuta oa S, ASTM A 53 Gr A le ASTM A 53 Gr B le tsona lia fumaneha. Matla a ho thaepa a phaephe ea ASTM A 53 Gr A a tšoana le ASTM A 106 Gr A ho 330 Mpa. Matla a ho thaepa a phaephe ea ASTM A 53 Gr B a tšoana le ASTM A 106 Gr B ho 415 Mpa. Sena se akaretsa liphaephe tsa tšepe ea khabone tse sebelisoang haholo indastering ea ts'ebetso.
Liphaephe tsa tšepe e sa hloekang tse sebelisoang haholo indastering ea ts'ebetso li bitsoa litšepe tse sa hloekang tsa austenitic. Tšobotsi ea bohlokoa ea tšepe e sa hloekang ea austenitic ke hore ha e na makenete kapa paramagnetic. Litlhaloso tse tharo tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa litšepe tse sa hloekang tsa austenitic ke:
Ho na le mekgahlelo e 18 tlhalosong ena, eo ho yona 304 L e sebediswang haholo. Sehlopha se tsebahalang ke 316 L ka lebaka la ho hanyetsa ho hoholo ha mafome.ASTM A 312 (ASME SA 312) bakeng sa diphaephe tse bophara ba lisenthimithara tse 8 kapa ka tlase ho moo. “L” hammoho le mekgahlelo e bontsha hore e na le khabone e tlase, e leng se ntlafatsang bokgoni ba ho weldwa ha mekgahlelo ya phaephe.
Tlhaloso ena e sebetsa ho liphaephe tse tjheseditsweng ka bophara bo boholo. Kemiso ea liphaephe e akaretsoang tlhalosong ena ke Kemiso ea 5S le Kemiso ea 10.
Ho Weldability ha Litšepe tse sa Khaotseng tsa Austenitic – Litšepe tse sa khaeng tsa Austenitic li na le katoloso e phahameng ea mocheso ho feta litšepe tse sa khaeng tsa ferritic kapa martensitic. Ka lebaka la coefficient e phahameng ea katoloso ea mocheso le conductivity e tlase ea mocheso oa tšepe e sa khaeng ea austenitic, ho fetoha kapa ho warpage ho ka etsahala nakong ea ho tjheseletsa. Tšepe e sa khaeng ea Austenitic e na le monyetla oa ho tiea le ho petsoha ha metsi. Ka hona, ho lokela ho nkoa tlhokomelo e loketseng ha ho khethoa thepa ea ho tlatsa le lits'ebetso tsa ho tjheseletsa. Ho tjheseletsa ha arc e kenelletsoeng ka metsing (SAW) ha ho khothalletsoe ha ho hlokahala ho tjheseletsa tšepe e sa khaeng ea austenitic ka botlalo kapa li-ferrite tse tlase. Tafole (Sehlomathiso-1) ke tataiso ea ho khetha terata e loketseng ea ho tlatsa kapa electrode ho latela thepa ea motheo (bakeng sa litšepe tse sa khaeng tsa austenitic).
Tube ea Chromium molybdenum e loketse likhoele tsa tšebeletso tsa mocheso o phahameng hobane matla a ho thapolla a tube ea chrome molybdenum ha a fetohe nakong ea mocheso o phahameng. Tube e sebelisoa litsing tsa motlakase, li-heat exchanger, le tse ling tse joalo. Tube ke ASTM A 335 ka mekhahlelo e 'maloa:
Liphaephe tsa tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe li sebelisetsoa ho tima mollo, ho ntša metsi, likhoerekhoere, mosebetsi o boima (tlas'a mosebetsi o boima) - liphaephe tsa ka tlas'a lefatše le lits'ebeletso tse ling. Mekhahlelo ea liphaephe tsa tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe ke:
Liphaephe tsa tšepe tse ductile li sebelisoa liphaepheng tse ka tlas'a lefatše bakeng sa litšebeletso tsa mollo. Liphaephe tsa Dürr li thata ka lebaka la boteng ba silicon. Liphaephe tsena li sebelisetsoa tšebeletso ea asiti ea khoebo, kaha sehlopha se bontša ho hanyetsa asiti ea khoebo, le bakeng sa phekolo ea metsi e ntšang litšila tsa asiti.
Nirmal Surendran Menon o fumane lengolo la Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering ho tsoa Univesithing ea Anna, Tamil Nadu, India ka 2005 le Master of Science in Project Management ho tsoa Univesithing ea Naha ea Singapore ka 2010. O indastering ea oli/khase/petrochemical. Hona joale o sebetsa e le moenjiniere oa tšimo morerong oa ho noa metsi a LNG ka boroa-bophirima ho Louisiana. E le karolo ea ts'ebetso ea projeke, lithahasello tsa hae li kenyelletsa ho hloekisa litsamaiso tsa liphaephe le thibelo ea tahlehelo bakeng sa libaka tsa ho noa metsi a LNG.
Ashish o na le lengolo la bachelor ho boenjiniere mme o na le dilemo tse fetang 20 tsa ho kenya letsoho ka botlalo boenjiniereng, netefatsong ya boleng/taolong ya boleng, mangolo/tlhokomelo ya bafepedi, theko, moralo wa mehlodi ya tlhahlobo, ho tjheseletsa, tlhahiso, kaho le ho etsa dikonteraka tse nyane.
Mesebetsi ea oli le khase hangata e fumaneha libakeng tse hole hole le ntlo-kholo ea k'hamphani. Joale, hoa khoneha ho beha leihlo ts'ebetso ea pompo, ho hlophisa le ho sekaseka lintlha tsa litšisinyeho tsa lefatše, le ho latela basebetsi lefatšeng ka bophara ho tsoa kae kapa kae. Hore na basebetsi ba ofising kapa ba le sieo, Inthanete le lits'ebetso tse amanang le eona li nolofalletsa phallo le taolo e kholo ea tlhahisoleseling ea mahlakore a mangata ho feta leha e le neng pele.
Ingolise ho OILMAN Kajeno, lengolo-tsoibila la beke le beke le tlang habeli le romelloa ho inbox ea hau le nang le sohle seo u hlokang ho se tseba ka litaba tsa khoebo ea oli le khase, liketsahalo tsa morao-rao le tlhaiso-leseling ea indasteri.