Simbi isina ngura haisi yakaoma kushanda nayo, asi kuibatanidza kunoda kunyatsotarisirwa. Haibvisi kupisa senge simbi isina ngura kana aruminiyamu uye inogona kurasikirwa nekusagadzikana kwengura kana ukaipisa zvakanyanya. Maitiro akanaka anobatsira kuchengetedza kusagadzikana kwayo kwengura. Mufananidzo: Miller Electric
Kusagona ngura kwesimbi isingasvibi kunoita kuti ive sarudzo inokwezva kune akawanda mashandisirwo akakosha emapombi, kusanganisira chikafu nechinwiwa chakachena, mishonga, midziyo inomanikidza uye maindasitiri epetrochemical. Zvisinei, chinhu ichi hachibvise kupisa senge simbi isina kusimba kana aruminiyamu, uye kusungirirwa zvisina kunaka kunogona kuderedza kusagona kwayo ngura. Kuisa kupisa kwakawandisa uye kushandisa simbi isina kusimba ndizvo zvinhu zviviri zvinokonzera.
Kutevedzera mamwe emhando yepamusoro yekupinza simbi isingatsvi kunogona kubatsira kuvandudza mhedzisiro uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti simbi inoramba ichidzivirira ngura. Pamusoro pezvo, kuvandudza maitiro ekupinza simbi kunogona kuwedzera kugona kwayo pasina kukanganisa mhando.
Pakusanganisa simbi isingatsvi, kusarudza simbi yekuzadza kwakakosha pakudzora huwandu hwekabhoni. Simbi dzekuzadza dzinoshandiswa kusanganisa pombi dzesimbi isingatsvi dzinofanira kuvandudza mashandiro ekusanganisa uye kukodzera kushandiswa.
Tsvaga simbi dzinozadza dzinonzi “L” dzakadai seER308L sezvo dzichipa kabhoni shoma iyo inobatsira kuchengetedza ngura musimbi dzisina kabhoni shoma. Kubatanidza simbi dzine kabhoni shoma nesimbi dzakajairwa dzinozadza kunowedzera kabhoni mujoini re weld, zvichiwedzera njodzi yekuora. Dzivisa simbi dzinozadza dzakanyorwa kuti “H” sezvo dzichipa kabhoni yakawanda uye dzakagadzirirwa kushandiswa dzinoda simba rakawanda pakupisa kwakakwirira.
Pakusanganisa simbi isingatsvi, zvakakoshawo kusarudza simbi yekuzadza ine huwandu hushoma hwezvinhu (zvinonziwo tsvina). Izvi zvinhu zvakasara muzvinhu zvinoshandiswa kugadzira simbi dzekuzadza, zvinosanganisira antimony, arsenic, phosphorus nesarufa. Zvinogona kukanganisa zvikuru kuramba kwengura kwezvinhu.
Nekuti simbi isingatsvi inonzwa kupisa zvakanyanya, kugadzirira majoini uye kuungana kwakakodzera kunoita basa guru mukudzora kupisa kuti zvinhu zvirambe zviripo. Mipata iri pakati pezvikamu kana kusakwana kwakakwana inoda kuti tochi igare panzvimbo imwe kwenguva yakareba, uye simbi yakawanda inodiwa kuti izadze mipata iyoyo. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kupisa kuungana munzvimbo yakakanganiswa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuti chikamu chipise zvakanyanya. Kusakwana zvakanaka kunogonawo kuita kuti zviome kubatanidza mupata uye kuwana kupinda kweweld kunodiwa. Chenjerera kuti zvikamu zvacho zvienderane nesimbi isingatsvi zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
Kuchena kwechinhu ichi kwakakoshawo zvikuru. Zvishomanana zvetsvina kana tsvina mumajoini akasungirirwa zvinogona kukonzera zvikanganiso zvinoderedza simba uye kuramba ngura kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira. Kuti uchenese substrate usati wabatanidza, shandisa bhurashi resimbi isina ngura risina kushandiswa pasimbi yekabhoni kana aruminiyamu.
Musimbi isingatsvi, kunzwa kwesimba ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekurasikirwa nekusagadzikana kwengura. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kana tembiricha yekuwelda uye mwero wekutonhora zvichichinja zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera shanduko muchimiro chechinhu chacho.
Iyi welding yekunze iri papombi yesimbi isingatsvedzeri, yakasungirirwa neGMAW uye controlled deposition metal (RMD) isina root backwash, yakafanana nechitarisiko uye kunaka kweGTAW backwash welds.
Chikamu chikuru chekudzivirira ngura kwesimbi isingatsvi ichromium oxide. Asi kana huwandu hwekabhoni muweld hwakanyanya, chromium carbide inoumbwa. Inosunga chromium uye inodzivirira kuumbwa kwechromium oxide inodiwa, izvo zvinoita kuti simbi isingatsvi irambe ichidzivirira ngura. Kana pasina chromium oxide yakakwana, chinhu chacho hachizove nehunhu hwaunoda uye ngura ichaitika.
Kudzivirira kukanganiswa kwesimba kunobva pakusarudza simbi yekuzadza uye kudzora kupisa. Sezvambotaurwa, zvakakosha kusarudza simbi yekuzadza ine kabhoni shoma pakusanganisa simbi isingatsvi. Zvisinei, kabhoni dzimwe nguva inodiwa kuti ipe simba kune mamwe mashandisirwo. Kudzora tembiricha kwakakosha zvikuru kana simbi dzekuzadza kabhoni shoma dzisina kukodzera.
Deredza nguva iyo weld nenzvimbo yakakanganiswa nekupisa zvinoramba zviri patembiricha yakakwira, kazhinji 950 kusvika 1500 degrees Fahrenheit (500 kusvika 800 degrees Celsius). Kana soldering ikapera kwenguva shoma munzvimbo iyi, kupisa kwayo kushoma. Nguva dzose tarisa uye tarisa tembiricha yepakati pepakati panguva yekusoldering.
Imwe nzira ndeyekushandisa simbi dzinozadza dzine zvikamu zve alloying zvakaita se titanium ne niobium kudzivirira kuumbwa kwe chromium carbide. Nekuti zvikamu izvi zvinokanganisawo simba nekusimba, simbi idzi dzinozadza hadzigone kushandiswa mune zvese zvinoshandiswa.
Kubatanidza midziyo yesimbi inonzi tungsten arc welding (GTAW) inzira yechinyakare yekusanganisa mapaipi esimbi isingatsvi. Izvi zvinowanzoda argon backflush kudzivirira oxidation pasi pesimbi iyi. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwenzira dzekubatanidza waya mumapaipi esimbi isingatsvi kuri kuwedzera. Muzviitiko izvi, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti magasi akasiyana ekudzivirira anokanganisa sei kuramba kwengura kwezvinhu.
Pakusanganisa simbi isina ngura uchishandisa gas arc welding (GMAW) kwaiwanzo shandiswa argon necarbon dioxide, musanganiswa weargon neokisijeni, kana musanganiswa wegesi nhatu (helium, argon necarbon dioxide). Kazhinji, musanganiswa uyu une argon kana helium yakawanda uye isingasviki 5% carbon dioxide nekuti carbon dioxide inopinza kabhoni mudziva rekusanganisa uye inowedzera njodzi yekunzwa. Argon yakachena haikurudzirwi yeGMAW pasimbi isina ngura.
Waya ine simbi isina ngura yakagadzirwa kuti ishande nemusanganiswa wekare we75% argon uye 25% carbon dioxide. Mvura iyi ine zvinhu zvakagadzirirwa kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwe weld nekabhoni kubva mugasi rinodzivirira.
Sezvo maitiro eGMAW akachinja, zvakaita kuti zvive nyore kusundira machubhu nemapombi esimbi isingatsvi. Kunyange zvazvo mamwe mashandisirwo angave achiri kuda maitiro eGTAW, maitiro ekugadzirisa waya epamberi anogona kupa mhando yakafanana uye kugona kwakawanda mumabasa mazhinji esimbi isingatsvi.
Maweld esimbi isina ngura eID akagadzirwa neGMAW RMD akafanana mumhando uye chitarisiko kune maweld eOD anoenderana nawo.
Kupinda kwemidzi uchishandisa nzira yeGMAW yakachinjwa yakaita seMiller's controlled metal deposition (RMD) kunobvisa backwash mune mamwe maapplication esimbi isingatsvedzi. Kupinda kwemidzi yeRMD kunogona kuteverwa nepulsed GMAW kana flux-cored arc welding kuti izadze uye ivhare, shanduko inochengetedza nguva nemari zvichienzaniswa nekushandisa backflushed GTAW, kunyanya pamapombi makuru.
RMD inoshandisa nzira yekufambisa simbi inodzorwa nemazvo kuti igadzire dziva rakanyarara uye rakagadzikana re arc uye weld. Izvi zvinoita kuti pave nemukana mudiki wekudonha kana kusanyunguduka kwemvura, kusapararira kwemvura, uye kuti pave nemhando iri nani yepipe root pass. Nzira yekufambisa simbi inodzorwa nemazvo inoitawo kuti pave nekudonhedzwa kwemadonhwe akafanana uye kuti dziva re weld rive nyore kudzora uye nekumhanya kwekupisa.
Maitiro asiri echinyakare anogona kuvandudza kugona kwewelding. Pakushandisa RMD, kumhanya kwewelding kunogona kubva pa6 kusvika 12 in/min. Nekuti maitiro aya anovandudza kugona pasina kuwedzera kupisa kwezvikamu, zvinobatsira kuchengetedza hunhu uye kuramba ngura kwesimbi isingatsvi. Kuderedza kupisa kwemaitiro aya kunobatsirawo kudzora kushanduka kwesubstrate.
Maitiro aya eGMAW anotenderera anopa hurefu hupfupi hwearc, ma arc cones akatetepa, uye kupisa kushoma pane kutamiswa kwespray kwakajairwa. Sezvo maitiro acho akavharwa, kutenderera kwearc uye kuchinja-chinja kuri pakati pemuromo nechinhu chebasa zvinobviswa zvachose. Izvi zvinoita kuti hutungamiriri hwedziva rekuchinjisa huve nyore kana paine welding panzvimbo yacho uye pasina welding. Pakupedzisira, kusanganiswa kwe pulsed GMAW yekuzadza uye top roll neRMD ye root roll kunobvumira maitiro ekubatanidza kuti aitwe uchishandisa waya imwe chete negasi rimwe chete, zvichideredza nguva yekuchinja kwemaitiro.
Tube & Pipe Journal 于1990 年成為第一本致力于為金属管材行业服务的杂志. Tube & Pipe Journal muna 1990 Tube & Pipe Journal стал первым журналом, посвященным индустрии металлических труб в 1990 году. Tube & Pipe Journal yakava magazini yekutanga yakatsaurirwa kuindasitiri yemapombi esimbi muna 1990.Nhasi, ichiri bhuku rega remuindasitiri muNorth America uye rave sosi yeruzivo rwakavimbika kune nyanzvi dzemapombi.
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