Ukwamkelwa kokwenziwa kwezinto ezongeziweyo zesinyithi kuqhutywa zizinto ezinokuprintwa. Iinkampani kwihlabathi liphela sele ziyiqaphele le ntshukumo kwaye bezisebenza nzima ukwandisa uluhlu lwazo lwezinto zokuprinta zesinyithi ze-3D.
Uphando oluqhubekayo malunga nophuhliso lwezinto ezintsha zesinyithi, kunye nokuchongwa kwezinto zemveli, luncede ubuchwepheshe bamkelwe ngokubanzi. Ukuze siqonde izinto ezikhoyo zokuprinta nge-3D, sikuzisela uluhlu olupheleleyo lwezinto zokuprinta nge-3D zesinyithi ezifumaneka kwi-intanethi.
I-Aluminium (AlSi10Mg) yayiyenye yezinto zokuqala ze-AM zesinyithi ezathi zafaneleka kwaye zalungiselelwa ukuprinta kwe-3D. Yaziwa ngokuqina kwayo namandla ayo. Ikwanayo indibaniselwano entle kakhulu yeempawu zobushushu nezoomatshini, kunye nomxhuzulane ophantsi.
Izixhobo zokwenziwa kwezixhobo zokongeza isinyithi ze-aluminium (AlSi10Mg) zizixhobo zemveliso yeenqwelo-moya kunye neemoto.
I-Aluminium AlSi7Mg0.6 inombane oqhuba kakuhle, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle.
Izixhobo zokwenziwa kweAluminiyam (AlSi7Mg0.6) zeSongezelelo seMetal zokwenziwa kweePrototyping, uphando, iAerospace, iiMoto kunye neeHeat Exchangers
I-AlSi9Cu3 yi-alloy esekwe kwi-aluminiyam, i-silicon, kunye ne-copper. I-AlSi9Cu3 isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezifuna amandla amahle obushushu obuphezulu, uxinano oluphantsi kunye nokumelana okuhle nokugqwala.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokwenziwa kwesinyithi ze-aluminium (AlSi9Cu3) kwi-prototyping, uphando, i-aerospace, iimoto kunye ne-heat exchangers.
I-Austenitic chromium-nickel alloy enamandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Ilungile ngamandla obushushu aphezulu, ukwakheka kakuhle kunye nokudityaniswa. Ngenxa yokumelana kwayo okuhle nokugqwala, kubandakanya iindawo ezinamagqabi kunye ne-chloride.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zokwenziwa kwesinyithi esingenasici se-316L kwiindawo zokuvelisa izixhobo ze-aerospace kunye nezonyango (izixhobo zotyando).
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo eqinisa imvula enamandla, ukuqina kunye nobunzima obugqwesileyo. Inomxube olungileyo wokuqina, ukusebenza kakuhle komatshini, ukucocwa kobushushu lula kunye nokumelana nokugqwala, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yinto ethandwayo esetyenziswa kumashishini amaninzi.
Izinto zokuvelisa zesinyithi ezingenasici ze-15-5 PH zingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iinxalenye kwimizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo.
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo eqinisa imvula enamandla kakhulu kunye neempawu zokudinwa. Inomxube olungileyo wamandla, ubuchule bokusebenza, ukunyangwa kobushushu lula kunye nokumelana nokugqwala, okwenza ibe yintsimbi esetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini amaninzi. Intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-17-4 PH ine-ferrite, ngelixa intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-15-5 ayina-ferrite.
Izinto zokwenza izinto zesinyithi ezingenasici ze-17-4 PH zingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iindawo kwimizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo.
Intsimbi yokuqinisa iMartensitic inokuqina okuhle, amandla okutsalwa kunye neempawu eziphantsi zokugoba. Kulula ukuyisebenzisa ngomatshini, ukuqina kunye nokuwelda. Ukuqina okuphezulu kwenza kube lula ukuyibumba kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.
Intsimbi yokutsala ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza izixhobo zokujova kunye nezinye iindawo zomatshini zokuvelisa ngobuninzi.
Le ntsimbi iqinileyo yekesi inokuqina okuhle kwaye iyamelana nokuguguleka okuhle ngenxa yokuqina okuphezulu komphezulu emva konyango lobushushu.
Iimpawu zezinto ezenziwe ngentsimbi eqinileyo ziyenza ifaneleke kakhulu kwiindlela ezininzi zobunjineli beemoto kunye nobunjineli ngokubanzi kunye neegiya kunye nezinye izinto ezingasetyenziswayo.
Intsimbi yesixhobo se-A2 sisixhobo esisetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo sokuqinisa umoya kwaye sidla ngokuthathwa njengentsimbi "esetyenziswa ngokubanzi" ebandayo. Idibanisa ukumelana nokuguguleka okuhle (phakathi kwe-O1 kunye ne-D2) kunye nokuqina. Inganyangwa ngobushushu ukuze yonyuse ubulukhuni kunye nokuqina.
Intsimbi yesixhobo se-D2 inokumelana nokuguguleka okuhle kakhulu kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimisebenzi ebandayo apho kufuneka amandla aphezulu okucinezelwa, imiphetho ebukhali kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Ingalungiswa ngobushushu ukuze yonyuse ubulukhuni kunye nokuqina.
Intsimbi yesixhobo se-A2 ingasetyenziswa ekwenzeni isinyithi, ukubhoboza kunye needayi, iiblade ezingagugiyo, nezixhobo zokucheba
I-4140 yintsimbi ethambileyo ene-chromium, i-molybdenum kunye ne-manganese. Yenye yeentsimbi ezinokuguquguquka kakhulu, inobunzima, amandla aphezulu okudinwa, ukumelana nokuguguleka, kunye nokumelana neempembelelo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yintsimbi enokuguquguquka kwiimveliso zoshishino.
Izinto ze-AM ze-4140 Steel-to-Metal zisetyenziswa kwiijig kunye nezixhobo, iimoto, iibholithi/amantongomane, iigiya, ii-coupling zentsimbi, nokunye.
Intsimbi yesixhobo se-H13 yintsimbi yokusebenza eshushu ye-chromium molybdenum. Ibonakala ngokuqina kwayo kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka, intsimbi yesixhobo se-H13 inobunzima obuphezulu bokushisa, ukumelana nokuqhekeka kokudinwa kobushushu kunye nozinzo lonyango lobushushu - nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yintsimbi efanelekileyo kwizicelo zokusebenza kwezixhobo zokusebenza ezishushu nezibandayo.
Izixhobo zokwenza isinyithi se-H13 tool steel additive zisetyenziswa kwii-extrusion dies, ii-injection dies, ii-hot forging dies, ii-die casting cores, ii-inserts kunye nee-cavities.
Olu luhlobo oludumileyo kakhulu lwezinto zokwenza izongezo zesinyithi ze-cobalt-chromium. Luyi-superalloy enokumelana nokuguguleka nokugqwala okugqwesileyo. Ikwabonisa iipropati ezintle kakhulu zoomatshini, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nokuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, okwenza ukuba ilungele ukufakelwa kotyando kunye nezinye izinto eziguguleka kakhulu, kubandakanya iindawo zokuvelisa i-aerospace.
I-MP1 ikwabonakalisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kunye neempawu ezizinzileyo zoomatshini nokuba kubushushu obuphezulu. Ayina-nickel kwaye ngoko ke inesakhiwo esincinci nesilinganayo seenkozo. Olu dibaniso lufanelekile kwiindlela ezininzi zokusebenza kwimizi-mveliso yeenqwelo-moya kunye neyezonyango.
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa ziquka ukwenziwa kwee-prototyping ze-biomedical implants ezifana nomqolo, idolo, isinqe, uzwane kunye nee-dental implants. Ingasetyenziselwa iindawo ezifuna iipropati ezizinzileyo zoomatshini kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye neendawo ezineempawu ezincinci kakhulu ezifana neendonga ezincinci, ii-pin, njl.njl. ezifuna amandla aphezulu kunye/okanye ukuqina.
I-EOS CobaltChrome SP2 yi-superalloy powder esekelwe kwi-cobalt-chromium-molybdenum eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokulungiswa kwamazinyo ekufuneka zifakwe i-veneered ngezixhobo ze-ceramic zamazinyo, kwaye ilungiselelwe ngokukodwa inkqubo ye-EOSINT M 270.
Izicelo ziquka ukuveliswa kokulungiswa kwamazinyo nge-porcelain fused metal (PFM), ingakumbi iicrowns kunye neebridges.
I-CobaltChrome RPD yi-alloy yamazinyo esekelwe kwi-cobalt esetyenziswa ekuveliseni amazinyo okufakelwa angaphelelanga asuswayo. Inamandla okutsalwa aphezulu ayi-1100 MPa kwaye amandla okuvelisa ayi-550 MPa.
Yenye yezona alloys zetitanium ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yezongezo zesinyithi. Ineempawu ezintle kakhulu zoomatshini kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kunye nomxhuzulane ophantsi. Iphumelela ngaphezu kwezinye alloys ngomlinganiselo wayo ogqwesileyo wamandla-ubunzima, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemishini kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukunyanga ubushushu.
Olu hlobo lukwabonisa iimpawu ezintle kakhulu zoomatshini kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kunye nobunzima obuphantsi. Olu hlobo luphucule ukuguguleka kunye namandla okudinwa, nto leyo eyenza ukuba lufaneleke kakhulu kwii-implants zonyango.
Le superalloy inamandla amakhulu okuvelisa, amandla okutsalwa, kunye namandla okuqhekeka okuqhekeka kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Iipropati zayo ezibalaseleyo zivumela iinjineli ukuba zisebenzise le nto kwizicelo ezinamandla aphezulu kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu, ezinje ngezinto zeturbine kwishishini leenqwelo-moya ezihlala ziphantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu. Ikwanayo nokukwazi ukuwelda okuhle kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iisuperalloys ezisekelwe kwi-nickel.
I-Nickel alloy, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-InconelTM 625, yi-super alloy enamandla aphezulu, ukuqina kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. Yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kwiindawo ezinzima. Iyamelana kakhulu nokuqhekeka kwemingxuma, ukugqwala kwemingxuma kunye nokuqhekeka koxinzelelo kwiindawo ze-chloride. Ilungele ukwenziwa kweendawo kwishishini leenqwelo moya.
IHastelloy X inamandla aphezulu obushushu, iyasebenza kakuhle kwaye iyamelana ne-oxidation. Ayikwazi ukumelana nokuqhekeka koxinzelelo kwiindawo ze-petrochemical. Ikwanazo neempawu ezintle zokwenza kunye nokuwelda. Ke ngoko, isetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kwiindawo ezinzima.
Izicelo eziqhelekileyo ziquka iindawo zemveliso (amagumbi okutsha, izitshisi kunye nezixhasi kwii-oven zoshishino) eziphantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu kunye nomngcipheko omkhulu we-oxidation.
I-Copper ibisoloko iyinto ethandwayo yokwenziwa kwe-metal additive. I-3D printing copper ibisoloko ingenakwenzeka, kodwa iinkampani ezininzi ngoku ziphumelele ekuphuhliseni iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-copper ezisetyenziselwa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokwenza i-metal additive.
Ukuvelisa ubhedu kusetyenziswa iindlela zemveli kwaziwa ngokuba nzima, kuthatha ixesha kwaye kubiza kakhulu. Ukuprinta kwe-3D kususa uninzi lweengxaki, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba baprinte iindawo zobhedu ezintsonkothileyo ngokwejiyometri ngendlela elula yokusebenza.
I-Copper yintsimbi ethambileyo, ethambileyo esetyenziswa kakhulu ekuqhubeni umbane nasekuqhubeni ubushushu. Ngenxa yokuba inamandla aphezulu okuqhuba umbane, i-copper yinto efanelekileyo kwii-heat sinks ezininzi kunye nezitshintshi zobushushu, izinto zokusasaza umbane ezifana neebha zebhasi, izixhobo zokwenza izinto ezifana neziphatho zokuwelda, ii-antenna zonxibelelwano lwerediyo, kunye nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo.
I-copper ecocekileyo kakhulu inombane olungileyo kunye nobushushu kwaye ifanelekile kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo. Iimpawu zezinto ezibonakalayo ze-copper zenza ukuba ifaneleke kwii-heat exchangers, izinto ze-rocket engine, ii-induction coils, ii-electronics, kunye nayo nayiphi na into efuna i-electrical conductivity elungileyo efana nee-heat sinks, ii-welding arms, ii-antenna, ii-bus bars ezintsonkothileyo, nokunye.
Le copper icocekileyo ethengiswayo inika umbane ogqwesileyo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100% ye-IACS, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ilungele ii-inductors, ii-motors, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo.
Le alloy yobhedu inombane olungileyo kunye nobushushu kunye neempawu ezilungileyo zoomatshini. Oku kube nefuthe elikhulu ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwegumbi lerokhethi.
I-Tungsten W1 yi-alloy ye-tungsten ecocekileyo eyenziwe yi-EOS kwaye yavavanywa ukuba isetyenziswe kwiinkqubo zesinyithi ze-EOS kwaye iyinxalenye yosapho lwezinto ezivuselelayo ezinomgubo.
Iinxalenye ezenziwe nge-EOS Tungsten W1 ziya kusetyenziswa kwizakhiwo zesikhokelo se-X-ray ezinodonga oluncinci. Ezi gridi zokuthintela ukusasazeka zinokufumaneka kwizixhobo zomfanekiso ezisetyenziswa kwezonyango (abantu kunye nezilwanyana) nakwamanye amashishini.
Iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo ezifana negolide, isilivere, iplatinum kunye nepalladium nazo zingaprintwa kakuhle nge-3D kwiinkqubo zokwenziwa kwesinyithi ezongeziweyo.
Ezi zinyithi zisetyenziswa kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, kuquka ubucwebe kunye neewotshi, kunye nakwimizi-mveliso yamazinyo, ye-elektroniki, kunye neminye imimandla.
Sibone ezinye zezona zinto zidumileyo nezisetyenziswa kakhulu zokuprinta ngesinyithi ze-3D kunye nohlobo lwazo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezi zinto kuxhomekeke kubuchwepheshe ezihambelana nabo kunye nokusetyenziswa kokugqibela kwemveliso. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izinto zemveli kunye nezinto zokuprinta ze-3D azitshintshi ngokupheleleyo. Izinto zinokubonisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo eempawu zoomatshini, zobushushu, zombane kunye nezinye ngenxa yeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukuba ufuna isikhokelo esipheleleyo sokuqalisa ngokuprinta ngesinyithi se-3D, kuya kufuneka ujonge izithuba zethu zangaphambili malunga nokuqalisa ngokuprinta ngesinyithi se-3D kunye noluhlu lweendlela zokwenza izongezo zesinyithi, kwaye ulandele ezinye izithuba ezigubungela zonke izinto zokuprinta ngesinyithi se-3D.