Gukoresha ibikoresho byongera ibyuma bikoreshwa mu gucapa bituruka ku bikoresho bishobora gucapa. Amasosiyete hirya no hino ku isi amaze igihe kinini yemera iyi gahunda kandi yakomeje gukora cyane kugira ngo yongere ibikoresho byayo byo gucapa by’ibyuma bya 3D.
Ubushakashatsi bukomeje ku iterambere ry'ibikoresho bishya by'icyuma, ndetse no kumenya ibikoresho gakondo, byafashije ikoranabuhanga kwemerwa cyane. Kugira ngo dusobanukirwe ibikoresho biboneka mu icapiro rya 3D, turabagezaho urutonde rwuzuye rw'ibikoresho byo gucapa bya 3D by'icyuma biboneka kuri interineti.
Aluminium (AlSi10Mg) ni kimwe mu bikoresho bya mbere bya AM by'icyuma byashyizwe mu byiciro kandi binogeye gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D. Bizwiho gukomera no gukomera kwabyo. Bifite kandi uruvange rwiza rw'imiterere y'ubushyuhe n'iy'ikoranabuhanga, ndetse n'uburemere buke.
Ibikoresho byo gukora ibikoresho by'inyongera bya aluminiyumu (AlSi10Mg) ni ibikoresho by'indege n'ibicuruzwa by'imodoka.
Aluminiyumu AlSi7Mg0.6 ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi neza, ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwiza kandi irwanya ingese neza.
Ibikoresho byongeramo ibyuma bya aluminiyumu (AlSi7Mg0.6) byo gukora ibishushanyo mbonera, ubushakashatsi, iby’ikirere, iby’imodoka n’ibihindura ubushyuhe
AlSi9Cu3 ni aloyi ikozwe muri aluminiyumu, silikoni, na umuringa. AlSi9Cu3 ikoreshwa mu bikorwa bisaba imbaraga nziza z'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubucucike buke no kurwanya ingese neza.
Gukoresha ibikoresho by'inyongera by'icyuma bya aluminiyumu (AlSi9Cu3) mu gukora ibishushanyo mbonera, ubushakashatsi, indege, imodoka n'ibikoresho bihindura ubushyuhe.
Aloyi ya chromium-nickel ya Austenitic ifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi idashobora kwangirika. Ifite imbaraga nyinshi mu bushyuhe bwinshi, ikora neza kandi irashobora gusudira. Kubera ko irwanya ingese neza, harimo n'ahantu habitswe n'amazi n'amazi ya chloride.
Gukoresha ibikoresho by'icyuma kitagira umuze cya 316L mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga mu kirere no mu by'ubuvuzi (ibikoresho byo kubaga).
Ingufu zidapfa zikomera kandi zikomera cyane. Ifite imbaraga, ubushobozi bwo gukora, uburyo bworoshye bwo kuvura ubushyuhe no kwirinda ingese, bigatuma iba ibikoresho bikunzwe cyane bikoreshwa mu nganda nyinshi.
Ibikoresho byongeramo ibyuma bitagira umwanda bifite ubugari bwa 15-5 PH bishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ibice mu nganda zitandukanye.
Ingufu zidapfa zikomera kandi zituma zikomera cyane. Ifite imbaraga nyinshi, ubushobozi bwo gukora, uburyo bworoshye bwo kuvura ubushyuhe no kurwanya ingese, bigatuma iba icyuma gikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nyinshi. Ingufu zidapfa zikoresha 17-4 PH zirimo ferrite, mu gihe 15-5 zidafite ferrite zirimo.
Ibikoresho byongeramo ibyuma bitagira umwanda bifite 17-4 PH bishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ibice mu nganda zitandukanye.
Icyuma gikomera cya Martensitic gifite ubukana bwiza, imbaraga zo gukurura no kudakora neza. Byoroshye gukoresha imashini, gukomereza no gusudira. Uburemere bwinshi butuma byoroha kuyishushanya mu buryo butandukanye.
Ibyuma bya maragari bishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho byo gutera inshinge n'ibindi bice by'imashini bikoreshwa mu gukora byinshi.
Iyi icyuma gikomeye gifite ubushobozi bwo gukomera no kudashira bitewe n'ubukana bwinshi bw'ubuso nyuma yo gushyuha.
Imiterere y'ibikoresho by'icyuma gikomeye bituma kiba cyiza cyane mu bikorwa byinshi mu buhanga bw'imodoka n'ubw'ubuhanga rusange ndetse no mu bikoresho n'ibindi bikoresho bisimbura ibyangiritse.
Icyuma cya A2 gikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye mu gukomeretsa umwuka kandi gikunze gufatwa nk'icyuma gikonjesha "gikoreshwa muri rusange". Gihuza uburyo bwiza bwo kudashira (hagati ya O1 na D2) no gukomera. Gishobora kuvurwa ubushyuhe kugira ngo cyongere ubukana no kuramba.
Icyuma cya D2 gifite ubushobozi bwo kudashira neza kandi gikoreshwa cyane mu mirimo ikonje aho bisaba imbaraga nyinshi zo gukanda, impande zityaye no kudashira. Gishobora kuvurwa ubushyuhe kugira ngo cyongere ubukana no kuramba.
Icyuma cya A2 gishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ibyuma, gukubita no gukata, ibyuma bidashira, n'ibikoresho byo gukata
4140 ni icyuma gito gifite chromium, molybdenum na manganese. Ni kimwe mu byuma bifite ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu byinshi, gifite imbaraga, imbaraga nyinshi zo kunanirwa, ubushobozi bwo kwangirika no kudakora ibintu, bigatuma kiba icyuma gikoreshwa mu nganda.
Ibikoresho bya AM 4140 by'icyuma bikoreshwa mu bikoresho bya jig na fixtures, imodoka, bolts/nuts, gears, couplings z'ibyuma, n'ibindi.
Icyuma cy'ibikoresho bya H13 ni icyuma gishyushye cya chromium molybdenum. Kirangwa n'ubukomere bwacyo no kudashira, icyuma cy'ibikoresho bya H13 gifite ubushyuhe bwiza, kirwanya umunaniro w'ubushyuhe kandi kidapfa kuvurwa n'ubushyuhe - bigatuma kiba icyuma cyiza cyo gukoresha mu bikoresho bishyushye n'ibikonje.
Ibikoresho byongeramo ibyuma bya H13 bifite akamaro mu bikoresho byo gusohora, ibikoresho byo guteka, ibikoresho byo gucura bishyushye, ibikoresho byo gutwika, ibikoresho byo gutwika no mu myobo.
Iyi ni ubwoko buzwi cyane bw'ibikoresho bikozwe mu byuma bikozwe muri kobalti-chromium. Ni superalloy ifite ubushobozi bwo kwangirika no kudashwanyagurika. Igaragaza kandi imiterere myiza ya mekanike, idashwanyagurika, idashwanyagurika, kandi ihura neza n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, bigatuma iba nziza cyane mu kubaga implants n'izindi porogaramu zikoreshwa mu gutwara ibintu byinshi, harimo n'ibikoresho byo mu kirere.
MP1 kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese neza ndetse n'ubushobozi bwo kudahinduka ndetse no mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Ntirimo nikeli bityo ikaba ifite imiterere myiza kandi isa. Iyi mvange ni nziza cyane mu bikorwa byinshi mu nganda z'indege n'iz'ubuvuzi.
Ikoreshwa risanzwe ririmo gushushanya implants za muganga nk'iz'umugongo, ivi, ikibuno, amano n'iz'amenyo. Rishobora kandi gukoreshwa ku bice bisaba imiterere ihamye ya mekanike ku bushyuhe bwinshi n'ibice bifite imiterere mito cyane nk'inkuta nto, imigozi, nibindi bisaba imbaraga nyinshi cyangwa gukomera.
EOS CobaltChrome SP2 ni ifu ya superalloy ishingiye kuri cobalt-chromium-molybdenum yakozwe by’umwihariko kugira ngo ihuze n’ibisabwa mu gusana amenyo bigomba gusigwa ibikoresho bya ceramic by’amenyo, kandi by’umwihariko ikoreshwa neza muri sisitemu ya EOSINT M 270.
Mu bikorwa harimo gukora ibikoresho byo gusana amenyo bya porcelain fused metal (PFM), cyane cyane amakamba n'ibiraro.
CobaltChrome RPD ni aloyi y'amenyo ishingiye kuri cobalt ikoreshwa mu gukora amenyo y'amenyo akurwaho igice. Ifite imbaraga zo gukurura za 1100 MPa n'imbaraga zo gutanga 550 MPa.
Ni imwe mu mashini zikoreshwa cyane mu gukora inyongeramusaruro z'icyuma. Ifite imiterere myiza ya mekanike kandi irwanya ingese ifite uburemere buke. Irusha izindi mashini imbaraga zayo, ubushobozi bwo gukora no gutunganya ubushyuhe.
Iyi shami kandi ifite imiterere myiza ya mekanike kandi irwanya ingese hamwe n'uburemere buke bwihariye. Iyi shami ifite ubushobozi bwo kugenda neza no gukomera ku munaniro, bigatuma ikoreshwa cyane mu gutera imiti kwa muganga.
Iyi superalloy ifite imbaraga nziza cyane mu gutanga umusaruro, imbaraga zo gukurura, n'imbaraga zo gucika kw'ingufu mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Imiterere yayo idasanzwe yemerera injeniyeri gukoresha ibikoresho mu bikorwa bikomeye mu bidukikije, nk'ibice bya turbine mu nganda z'indege bikunze gukorerwa ahantu hashyuha cyane. Ifite kandi ubushobozi bwo gusudira neza ugereranije n'izindi superalloy zishingiye kuri nikeli.
Ifu ya nikeli, izwi kandi nka InconelTM 625, ni ifu ya aloyi ikomeye cyane ifite imbaraga nyinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi irwanya ingese. Ikoreshwa cyane mu bidukikije bikomeye. Irwanya cyane ingese, ingese n'ihungabana ry'ingese mu bidukikije bya chloride. Ni nziza cyane mu gukora ibice by'inganda z'indege.
Hastelloy X ifite imbaraga nyinshi mu bushyuhe bwinshi, ikora neza kandi irwanya ogisijeni. Irwanya kwangirika kw'ingufu mu bidukikije peteroli. Ifite kandi ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukora no gusudira. Kubwibyo, ikoreshwa mu gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi mu bidukikije bikomeye.
Ikoreshwa rikunze gukoreshwa ririmo ibice by'umusaruro (ibyumba bitwika, amashyiga n'ibikoresho bishyigikira mu itanura ry'inganda) bihura n'ubushyuhe bukomeye kandi bikaba byagira ingaruka mbi ku isuku y'umuriro.
Kuva kera, umuringa wabaye ibikoresho bikunzwe cyane mu gukora inyongeramusaruro z'icyuma. Gucapa umuringa mu buryo bwa 3D ntibyari bigishoboka, ariko amasosiyete menshi ubu yashoboye gukora ubwoko bw'umuringa bukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye bwo gukora inyongeramusaruro z'icyuma.
Gukora umuringa hakoreshejwe uburyo gakondo bizwiho kugorana, bifata igihe kinini kandi bihenze. Gucapa 3D bikuraho imbogamizi nyinshi, bigatuma abakoresha bacapa ibice by'umuringa bigoye cyane mu buryo bw'ikigereranyo hakoreshejwe uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora.
Umuringa ni icyuma cyoroshye kandi gishobora gukoreshwa cyane mu gutwara amashanyarazi no gutwara ubushyuhe. Kubera ko gifite ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi, umuringa ni igikoresho cyiza cyane mu bikoresho byinshi bishyushya n'ibihindura ubushyuhe, ibice bikwirakwiza amashanyarazi nka za bisi, ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu nganda nko gusudira ahantu hatandukanye, antene z'itumanaho rya radiyo, n'ibindi bikorwa.
Umuringa ukozwe mu muringa ufite ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi n'ubushyuhe kandi ukwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye. Imiterere y'ibikoresho by'umuringa ituma uba mwiza ku bikoresho bihindura ubushyuhe, ibice bya moteri za roketi, induction coils, ikoranabuhanga, ndetse n'ibindi byose bisaba ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi nk'ibice bishyushya, amaboko yo gusudira, antene, bisi zikomeye, n'ibindi.
Uyu muringa ukozwe mu bucuruzi utanga uburyo bwiza bwo gutwara ubushyuhe n'amashanyarazi kugeza kuri IACS 100%, bigatuma uba mwiza cyane ku bikoresho bitwara ingufu, moteri, n'ibindi byinshi.
Iyi aluminiyumu y'umuringa ifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gutwara amashanyarazi n'ubushyuhe ndetse n'ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga. Ibi byagize ingaruka zikomeye mu kunoza imikorere y'icyumba cy'indege.
Tungsten W1 ni aloyi ya tungsten yakozwe na EOS kandi yageragejwe gukoreshwa mu byuma bya EOS kandi ni imwe mu miryango y'ibikoresho bihindura ifu.
Ibice byakozwe muri EOS Tungsten W1 bizakoreshwa mu nyubako zo kuyobora X-ray zifite inkuta nto. Izi nsinga zirinda gukwirakwira zishobora kuboneka mu bikoresho byo gufata amashusho bikoreshwa mu buvuzi (abantu n'amatungo) n'izindi nganda.
Amabuye y'agaciro nka zahabu, ifeza, platine na palladium na yo ashobora gucapwa neza mu buryo bwa 3D mu buryo bwo gukora inyongeramusaruro z'ibyuma.
Ibi byuma bikoreshwa mu bintu bitandukanye, harimo imitako n'amasaha, ndetse no mu nganda z'amenyo, iz'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, n'izindi nganda.
Twabonye bimwe mu bikoresho by'icyuma bikoreshwa cyane mu gucapa 3D hamwe n'ubwoko bwabyo. Imikoreshereze y'ibi bikoresho iterwa n'ikoranabuhanga bihuye nabyo ndetse n'ikoreshwa ryabyo. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ibikoresho gakondo n'ibikoresho byo gucapa 3D bidahinduka burundu. Ibikoresho bishobora kugaragaza imiterere itandukanye ya mekanike, ubushyuhe, amashanyarazi n'ibindi bitewe n'imikorere itandukanye.
Niba ushaka ubuyobozi bwuzuye bwo gutangira gucapa mu byuma bya 3D, ugomba kureba inyandiko zacu zabanje ku bijyanye no gutangira gucapa mu byuma bya 3D n'urutonde rw'uburyo bwo gukora inyongeramusaruro mu byuma, hanyuma ukurikire izindi nyandiko zivuga ku bice byose bya capiro mu byuma bya 3D.