E gosipụtara ihe nchebe mgbapụta mgbapụta iji chebe nfuli site na ájá na ịgbatị ndụ ọrụ nke ESP na olulu mmiri na-adịghị mma. Nke a ngwọta na-achịkwa backflow nke frac ájá na ndị ọzọ siri ike nke nwere ike ime ka ibu ibu na downtime.The na-enyere technology na-ewepụ nsogbu ndị metụtara urughuru size nkesa ejighị n'aka.
Dị ka ọtụtụ mmanụ mmanụ na-adabere na ESPs, ịgbatị ndụ nke eletriki submersible pumping (ESP) usoro na-aghọwanye mkpa.The ọrụ ndụ na arụmọrụ nke artificial lift nfuli na-enwe mmetụta siri ike na-emepụta fluids.The ọrụ ndụ na arụmọrụ nke ESP ebelata budata na-abawanye na siri ike particles.Na mgbakwunye, solids na-abawanye nke ọma downtime na workover ugboro chọrọ iji dochie ESP.
Ihe siri ike nke na-emekarị site na nfuli mgbapụta artificial na-agụnye ájá e guzobere, hydraulic fracturing proppants, ciment, na eroded ma ọ bụ corroded metal particles.Downhole teknụzụ e mere iji kewapụ solids nso si ala-arụmọrụ cyclones na elu-arụmọrụ 3D igwe anaghị agba nchara waya mesh.Downhole vortex desanders na-bụ-eji na-eji na mgbakọ vortex desanders nke ọma na-eji na ọtụtụ iri afọ na-eji na mgbakọ na-agbapụta vortex desanders nke ọma na-eji na ọtụtụ iri afọ. ahụ n'oge mmepụta. Otú ọ dị, unconventional olulu mmiri na-n'okpuru intermittent slug eruba, nke na-eme ka dị downhole vortex separator technology naanị na-arụ ọrụ intermittently.
Ọtụtụ dị iche iche variants nke jikọtara ájá akara screens na downhole vortex desanders e tụrụ aro iji chebe ESPs. Otú ọ dị, e nwere ọdịiche dị na nchebe na mmepụta arụmọrụ nke niile nfuli n'ihi na ejighị n'aka na size nkesa na olu nke siri ike na-emepụta site na nke ọ bụla well.Ana-ejighị n'aka na-abawanye ogologo nke ájá akara components, si otú mbenata omimi na nke ESP nwere ike na-adabaghị na nke na-ebelata ike nke ESP, na-ebelata ike nke ESP. mmetụta nke ọma Economics.Deeper ntọala omimi na-họọrọ na unconventional olulu. Otú ọ dị, ojiji nke de-sanders na nwoke-plug apịtị arịlịka kwụsị ogologo oge, isiike ájá akara mgbakọ na casing ngalaba na elu dogleg severity mmachi ESP MTBF. Corrosion nke n'ime tube bụ ihe ọzọ na-abụghị akụkụ nke a zuru ezu chepụta.
Ndị na-ede akwụkwọ nke 2005 na-enye nsonaazụ nnwale nke ihe nkesa ájá nke na-adabere na tube cyclone (Figure 1), nke dabere na ọrụ cyclone na ike ndọda, iji gosi na ike nkewa na-adabere na viscosity mmanụ, ọnụego eruba, na nha nha .Ha na-egosi na arụmọrụ nke separator na-adabere n'ụzọ dị ukwuu na njedebe nke separator. Mbelata na mbelata eruba ọnụego, ibelata siri ike urughuru size, na-amụba mmanụ viscosity, Figure 2.For a ahụkarị cyclone tube downhole separator, na nkewa arụmọrụ tụlee ka ~ 10% dị ka urughuru size tụlee ka ~ 100 µm. Na mgbakwunye, dị ka eruba ọnụego na-abawanye, vortex separator bụ isiokwu mbuze iyi, nke na-emetụta ojiji nke structural components ndụ.
Nhọrọ ọzọ ezi uche dị na ya bụ iji ihuenyo njikwa ájá 2D nke nwere oghere oghere akọwapụtara. Akụkụ akụkụ na nkesa bụ ihe dị mkpa mgbe ị na-ahọrọ ákwà ngebichi iji nyochaa ihe siri ike na mmepụta nke ọma ma ọ bụ nke na-adịghị mma, ma ha nwere ike ịbụ ndị a ma ama. Ihe siri ike nwere ike si na mmiri mmiri, ma ha nwere ike ịdịgasị iche site n'ikiri ụkwụ ruo n'ikiri ụkwụ; N'aka nke ọzọ, ihuenyo ahụ nwere ike ịdị mkpa ka ihicha ájá sitere na hydraulic fracturing. N'ọnọdụ ọ bụla, ọnụ ahịa nchịkọta siri ike, nyocha na ule nwere ike igbochi.
Ọ bụrụ na 2D tubing ihuenyo na-adịghị ahazi nke ọma, na ya pụta nwere ike imebi akụ na ụba nke well.Sand ihuenyo mmeghe nke dị oke obere nwere ike ịkpata akaghi aka plugging, shutdowns na mkpa maka remedial workovers.If na ha dị oke ibu, ha na-ekwe ka siri ike banye kpamkpam n'ime mmepụta usoro, nke nwere ike corrode mmanụ ọkpọkọ, mebie artificial elu nfuli, na-ejuputa na-emepụta elu nfuli, na-ejuputa na-emepụta elu nfuli, na-ejuputa wuru n'elu nfuli. mkpofu.Ọnọdụ a chọrọ ngwọta dị mfe, nke dị ọnụ ala nke nwere ike ịgbatị ndụ nke mgbapụta ahụ ma kpuchie oke nkesa nke ájá ájá.
Iji gboo mkpa a, a ọmụmụ e duziri na ojiji nke valvụ mgbakọ na Nchikota igwe anaghị agba nchara waya ntupu, nke bụ enweghị uche na dapụtara solids nkesa.Studies egosiwo na igwe anaghị agba nchara waya ntupu na variable pore size na 3D Ọdịdị nwere ike n'ụzọ dị irè ịchịkwa solids nke dị iche iche nha n'amaghị na urughuru size nkesa nke dapụtara solids, The mesh 3D nwere ike na-ejiri igwe anaghị agba nchara mkpa niile igwe anaghị agba nchara. extra secondary filtration.
Mgbakọ valvụ a na-agbanye na ala ihuenyo ahụ na-enye ohere ka mmepụta ya nọgide na-aga n'ihu ruo mgbe ESP na-apụ apụ. Ọ na-egbochi ESP ka a na-enweta ya ozugbo mgbe ihuenyo bridged. Ihe na-esi na ya pụta na mkpuchi mkpuchi ájá ájá na mgbakọ valve na-echebe ESPs, mkpara ebuli nfuli, na gas na-ebuli mmecha site na ihe siri ike n'oge mmepụta site na ihicha mmiri mmiri na-asọba ma na-enye ihe ngwọta dị irè na-enwe ike ịgbatị ndụ mgbapụta na-enweghị ike ịgbatị ndụ mgbapụta mmiri dị iche iche.
Nke mbụ ọgbọ mgbapụta nchekwa design.A mgbapụta nchekwa mgbakọ na-eji igwe anaghị agba nchara ajị ákwà na-deployed na a uzuoku aka ike ndọda drainage nke ọma na Western Canada iji chebe ESP site na ihe siri ike n'oge mmepụta ihe. na olulu mmiri nke elu.
N'ime oge mmepụta ihe, oghere annular n'etiti ihuenyo na casing na-eme ka ájá na-ejikọta ya na ájá, nke na-eme ka nkwụsị nke mmiri na-asọ asọ. N'ikpeazụ, annulus bridges kpamkpam, na-akwụsị na-asọpụta, ma na-emepụta ihe dị iche iche nrụgide n'etiti wellbore na eriri mmepụta, dị ka e gosiri na Figure 3. N'oge a, mmiri enweghị ike ịbanye na ESP na eriri mmecha ga-adọta. Dabere n'ọtụtụ mgbanwe dị iche iche metụtara mmepụta ihe siri ike, oge achọrọ iji kwụsị ịgbasa site na akwa mmiri siri ike na ihuenyo nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-erughị oge nke ga-eme ka ESP na-agbapụta mmiri siri ike na-ebufe mmiri pụtara oge n'etiti ọdịda na ala, ya mere e mepụtara ọgbọ nke abụọ nke components.
Mgbakọ nchekwa mgbapụta ọgbọ nke abụọ. A na-akwụsịtụ ihuenyo ntinye ájá nke PumpGuard * na usoro mgbakọ valve n'okpuru REDA * mgbapụta na Figure 4, ihe atụ nke mmecha ESP na-adịghị mma. Ozugbo olulu mmiri ahụ na-emepụta, ihuenyo na-enyocha ihe siri ike na mmepụta, ma ọ ga-amalite iji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ejikọta ájá na ájá ma mee ka nrụgide nrụgide dị iche iche. eriri na ESP. Nke a na-asọba na-eme ka nrụgide dị iche iche dị iche iche na-agafe ihuenyo ahụ, na-eme ka njide nke akpa ájá dị n'èzí nke ihuenyo ahụ. Ajị na-enwere onwe ya pụọ ​​​​na annulus, nke na-ebelata nkwụsị nke na-eguzogide site na ihuenyo ma na-enye ohere ịmaliteghachi. Dị ka nrụgide dị iche iche na-adaba, valvụ ahụ na-alaghachi n'ọnọdụ ya mechiri emechi na ọnọdụ ịgba ọsọ nkịtị maliteghachi. pụta ìhè n'isiokwu a na-egosi na usoro bụ ike budata ịgbatị ndụ nke mgbapụta ma e jiri ya tụnyere-agba ọsọ screening ẹkụre naanị.
N'ihi na-adịbeghị anya echichi, a na-eri-chụpụrụ ngwọta e ẹkenam maka ebe kewapụrụ n'etiti igwe anaghị agba nchara waya ntupu na ESP.A ala chere ihu cup packer na-n'ịnyịnya n'elu ihuenyo section.N'elu iko packer, ọzọ center tube perforations na-enye a eruba ụzọ maka emepụta mmiri mmiri ịkwaga si n'ime ime ihuenyo na annular ohere n'elu ngwugwu, ebe mmiri nwere ike ịbanye ESP na akpa.
The igwe anaghị agba nchara waya ntupu nyo ahọrọ maka nke a ngwọta na-enye ọtụtụ uru n'elu ọdịiche dabeere 2D ntupu ụdị.2D nzacha na-adabere isi na urughuru spanning nyo gaps ma ọ bụ ohere mpere na-ewu sandbags na-enye ájá control.However, ebe ọ bụ naanị otu ọdịiche uru nwere ike họrọ maka ihuenyo, ihuenyo na-aghọ nke ukwuu mmetụta uche na urughuru size nkesa nke emepụtara ọmụmụ.
N'ụzọ dị iche, akwa akwa akwa akwa nke igwe anaghị agba nchara nchara nchara na-enye nnukwu porosity (92%) na nnukwu oghere na-emeghe (40%) maka mmiri mmiri na-emepụta wellbore. A na-emepụta ihe nzacha site na ịpịkọta igwe anaghị agba nchara ajị anụ na-ekpuchi ya ozugbo na gburugburu tube etiti gbawara agbawa, wee kpuchie ya n'ime mkpuchi nchebe perforated nke a na-agbanye n'ime etiti nkesa nkesa nke mebere na njedebe ọ bụla. angular nghazi (site na 15 µm ka 600 µm) na-enye ohere na-adịghị emerụ fines na-asọba tinyere a 3D eruba ụzọ kwupụta Central tube mgbe ibu na-emerụ ahụ na-tọrọ atọ n'ime ntupu.Sand njigide ule na ụdị nke a sieve gosiri na nyo na-ekwusi ike elu permeability n'ihi na mmiri na-eme site na nkesa nile nke sieve, nyo nwere ike na-eme site n'otu ebe nkesa. Nke a na-emepụta mmiri mmiri zutere. Nke a igwe anaghị agba nchara ajị ihuenyo e mepụtara site a isi ọrụ na 1980 kpọmkwem maka onwe-nwere ihuenyo completions na uzuoku kpaliri reservoirs na nwere ọtụtụ usoro ndekọ nke ọma nrụnye.
Mgbakọ valvụ ahụ nwere valvụ mmiri na-ebu mmiri nke na-enye ohere ka otu ụzọ na-abanye n'ime eriri tubing site na mpaghara mmepụta ya. Site n'ịgbanwe eriri mmiri mmiri preload tupu echichi, valvụ ahụ nwere ike ịhazi ya iji nweta nrụgide mgbawa a chọrọ maka ngwa ahụ. nrụgide mgbawa dị ala karịa valvụ kacha ala.
Ka oge na-aga, ihe ndị e guzobere na-ejupụta mpaghara annular n'etiti elu elu nke mkpuchi mkpuchi mgbapụta mgbapụta na mgbidi nke mmepụta casing. Dị ka oghere jupụtara na ájá na ihe ndị ahụ na-ejikọta ya, nrụgide nrụgide n'ofe sandbag na-abawanye.Mgbe nsogbu nrụgide a rutere n'ọnụ ahịa preset, valvụ cone na-emeghe ma na-enye ohere ịbanye ozugbo site na mgbapụta mgbapụta. Mpụ nke ihe nzacha ihuenyo. N'ihi mgbanwe dị iche iche nke nrụgide na-ebelata, mmiri ga-amaliteghachi site na ihuenyo na valvụ oriri ga-emechi. Ya mere, mgbapụta ahụ nwere ike ịhụ mmiri ahụ kpọmkwem site na valvụ maka obere oge.
A na-eji usoro nchebe mgbapụta arụ ọrụ na ndị na-ebubata ihe na olulu mmiri atọ dị iche iche na Delaware Basin dị na United States. Ihe mgbaru ọsọ bụ isi bụ iji belata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ESP na-amalite na nkwụsị n'ihi oke ibu nke ájá metụtara ájá na ịbawanye ohere ESP iji meziwanye mmepụta. A na-akwụsịtụ usoro nchebe mgbapụta site na njedebe ala nke ESP string. Nsonaazụ nke mmanụ nke ọma na-egosi arụmọrụ mgbapụta kwụsiri ike, belata ụda na ájá na ugbu a. 75% belatara oge nkwụsị nke siri ike yana ndụ mgbapụta mụbara karịa 22%.
A olulu mmiri.An ESP usoro e arụnyere na a ọhụrụ mkpọpu ala na fracturing ọma na Martin County, Texas.The vetikal akụkụ nke ọma bụ mkpokọta 9,000 ụkwụ na kehoraizin òkè gbatịrị 12,000 ụkwụ, tụrụ omimi (MD) .N'ihi na mbụ abụọ mmezu, a downhole vortex ájá separator usoro na isii liner njikọ eji arụnyere dị ka ihe ESP Content. otu ụdị nke ájá separator, ejighị n'aka omume nke ESP arụ ọrụ parameters (ugbu a ike na vibration) hụrụ.Disassembly analysis nke dọtara ESP unit gosiri na vortex gas separator mgbakọ e clogged na mba ọzọ okwu, nke e kpebisiri ike ịbụ ájá n'ihi na ọ bụ na-abụghị magnetik na ọ dịghị chemically meghachi omume na acid.
Na nke atọ ESP echichi, igwe anaghị agba nchara waya ntupu dochie ájá separator dị ka a n'aka ESP ájá control.Mgbe wụnye ọhụrụ mgbapụta nchedo usoro, na ESP exhibited ọzọ mụ omume, mbenata nso nke moto ugbu fluctuations si ~ 19 A maka echichi # 2 ka ~ 6.3 A maka echichi # 3.Vibration bụ ihe kwụsiri ike na omume na-ebelata site na 75% nke gara aga na-enwe mmetụta na-adịwanye mma ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe nrụnye nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-edozi ahụ. 100 psi nke nrụgide nrụgide. A na-ebelata nkwụsị nke ESP site na 100% na ESP na-arụ ọrụ na obere mkpọtụ.
Ọfọn B. N'otu olulu mmiri dị nso Eunice, New Mexico, olulu mmiri ọzọ na-adịghị ahụkebe nwere ESP arụnyere ma ọ nweghị nchebe mgbapụta. Mgbe mmalite buut mbụ dara, ESP malitere igosi àgwà na-adịghị mma. Mgbanwe dị ugbu a na nrụgide na-ejikọta ya na spikes vibration. Mgbe ọ na-ejigide ọnọdụ ndị a maka ụbọchị 137, ESP dara na onye na-anọchi anya na-etinyere ya. Nke abụọ nrụnye na mmepụta nke ọma mgbapụta ESP. na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, na-enwe amperage kwụsiri ike na obere mkpọtụ. N'oge mbipụta, ọsọ nke abụọ nke ESP eruola ihe karịrị ụbọchị 300 nke ọrụ, ọganihu dị ịrịba ama karịa nrụnye gara aga.
Ọfọn C.The usoro nke atọ na saịtị echichi bụ na Mentone, Texas, site mmanụ na gas ọpụrụiche ụlọ ọrụ na ahụmahụ outages na ESP ọdịda n'ihi na ájá mmepụta na chọrọ ka mma mgbapụta uptime.Operators a na-agba ọsọ downhole ájá separators na liner na onye ọ bụla ESP well. Otú ọ dị, ozugbo liner jupụtara na ájá, na separator ga-ekwe ka ájá na-eruba, na-agba na-agbapụta n'elu ngalaba nke mgbapụta na-agbapụta n'elu, nke na-agbapụta n'elu akụkụ nke nfuli mmiri na-agbapụta n'elu akụkụ nke mgbapụta na-agbapụta. lift.Mgbe na-agba ọsọ usoro ọhụrụ na mgbapụta mgbapụta, ESP nwere 22% ogologo ndụ na-arụ ọrụ na-enwekwu ike nrụgide dobe na mma ESP metụtara uptime.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nkwụsị nke ájá na ihe siri ike metụtara mgbe a na-arụ ọrụ belatara site na 75%, site na 8 bufee ihe omume na ntinye nke mbụ na abụọ na ntinye nke abụọ, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ịmaliteghachi nke ọma mgbe nkwụsịtụ bufee mụbara site na 30%, site na 8 na ntinye mbụ. Ngụkọta ihe omume 12, maka ngụkọta nke ihe omume 8, mere na ntinye nke abụọ, na-ebelata nrụgide eletrik na ngwá ọrụ na ịbawanye ndụ ọrụ nke ESP.
Ọnụọgụ 5 na-egosi mmụba na mberede na ntinye aka nrịbama oriri (acha anụnụ anụnụ) mgbe a na-egbochi nchara igwe anaghị agba nchara ma meghee mgbakọ valve. Nke a na-edebanye aha nrụgide nwere ike imeziwanye mmepụta mmepụta ihe site n'ịkọ amụma ọdịda ESP metụtara ájá, ya mere enwere ike ịhazi ọrụ ngbanwe na workover rigs.
1 Martins, JA, ES Rosa, S. Robson, "Nnyocha nnwale nke swirl tube dị ka downhole desander ngwaọrụ," SPE Paper 94673-MS, nke e gosipụtara na SPE Latin America na Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, June 20 - February 23, 2005.https://doi2173809.
Edemede a nwere ihe sitere na akwụkwọ SPE 207926-MS, nke ewepụtara na ihe ngosi na ogbako International Petroleum Abu Dhabi na Abu Dhabi, UAE, 15-18 Nọvemba 2021.
A na-edobe ihe niile n'okpuru iwu nwebiisinka akwadoro nke ọma, biko gụọ Usoro na Ọnọdụ anyị, Amụma Kuki na Amụma Nzuzo tupu iji saịtị a.