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Namuhla, cishe konke ukusika kwe-laser okunembayo kwezinsimbi nezingezona zensimbi kwenziwa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi afakwe ama-laser fiber noma ama-ultrashort pulse (USP) lasers, noma ngezinye izikhathi kokubili.Kulesi sihloko, sizochaza izinzuzo ezihlukene zamalaser amabili futhi sibone ukuthi bobabili abakhiqizi bawasebenzisa kanjani la lasers. kanye namashubhu aguquguqukayo, kusetshenziswa imishini ehlanganisa i-fiber lasers.I-Motion Dynamics ikhiqiza ama-subassemblies, njengemihlangano “yokudonsa ucingo” esetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ku-neurology, isebenzisa umshini ohlanganisa i-USP femtosecond laser kanye nolunye lwezinhlelo zakamuva eziyingxube ezihlanganisa i-femtosecond ne-fiber lasers ukuze kube nokuguquguquka okukhulu kwe-Versa.
Sekuyiminyaka eminingi, iningi le-laser micromachining lenziwa kusetshenziswa ama-solid state nanosecond lasers abizwa ngokuthi ama-laser e-DPSS. Nokho, lokhu manje sekushintshe ngokuphelele ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo ze-laser ezimbili ezihluke ngokuphelele, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ezihambisanayo.Ekuqaleni zenzelwe ukuxhumana ngezingcingo, ama-fiber lasers akhule aba ama-workhorse processing lasers ezimbonini eziningi, avame ukuba seduze kwempumelelo. izakhiwo kanye namandla aqondile scalability.Lokhu kubangela ama-lasers ahlangene, athembeke kakhulu, futhi kulula ukuwahlanganisa emishinini ekhethekile, futhi ngokuvamile ahlinzeka ngezindleko eziphansi zobunikazi kunezinhlobo ze-laser ezindala.Okubalulekile nge-micromachining, i-output beam ingagxilwa endaweni encane, ehlanzekile yama-microns ambalwa kuphela ububanzi, ngakho-ke alungele ukusika okukhiphayo nokuguquguqukayo kakhulu. iyalawuleka, ngamanani okushaya kwenhliziyo asukela ekudutshulweni okukodwa kuya ku-170 kHz. Kanye namandla angaka, lokhu kusekela ukusika nokubhoboza okusheshayo.
Kodwa-ke, ukonakala okungaba khona kwama-fiber lasers ku-micromachining ukukhanda izici ezincane kanye/noma izingxenye ezincane, ezithambile.Ubude be-pulse (isb., 50 µs) buphumela endaweni encane ethinteke ekushiseni (HAZ) okufana nokusakazwa kabusha nobulukhuni obuncane bonqenqema, okungase kudinge ukucutshungulwa kwe-laser yase-US (ngenhlanhla) nge-laser yase-US. i-femtosecond output pulses—ukuqeda inkinga ye-HAZ.
Ngama-laser e-USP, ukushisa okuningi okwengeziwe okuhlobene nenqubo yokusika noma yokumba kuhanjiswa emfucumfucwini ekhishiwe ngaphambi kokuba kube nesikhathi sokusakazeka ezintweni ezizungezile.Ama-laser e-USP ane-piccosecond okukhiphayo kudala asetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwe-micromachining okubandakanya amapulasitiki, ama-semiconductors, i-ceramics, nezinsimbi ezithile (picoseconds = 10-2) Izinwele zensimbi . I-thermal conductivity ephezulu yensimbi kanye nosayizi omncane kusho ukuthi ama-lasecond lasers awanikezi ngaso sonke isikhathi imiphumela ethuthukisiwe engathethelela izindleko ezikhuphukile zamalaser e-USP angaphambili. Lokhu manje sekushintshile ngokufika kwama-laser e-femtosecond esezingeni lezimboni (femtosecond = 10-15 amasekhondi).Isibonelo i-Coherent's laser-fiber eseduze nochungechunge lwe-laser ye-Monacored i-laser ekhishwa yi-Monacored. kusho ukuthi bangakwazi ukusika noma ukubhoboza zonke izinsimbi ezisetshenziswa emishinini yezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa insimbi engagqwali, iplatinum, igolide, i-magnesium, i-cobalt-chromium, i-titanium, nokunye, kanye nezingezona izinsimbi.Yize inhlanganisela yesikhathi sokushaya kwenhliziyo emfushane namandla aphansi okushaya kwenhliziyo kuvimbela ukulimala okushisayo (HAZ), izinga eliphezulu (MHz) lokuphindaphinda isivinini semishini eminingi yezokwelapha liqinisekisa ukuphindaphindwa kwezindleko zemishini yezokwelapha.
Yebo, cishe akekho umuntu embonini yethu odinga i-laser eyodwa. Kunalokho, badinga umshini osekelwe nge-laser, futhi manje sekunemishini eminingi ekhethekile elungiselelwe ukusika nokubhoboza amathuluzi ezokwelapha.Isibonelo uchungechunge lwe-Coherent's StarCut Tube, olungasetshenziswa ngama-fiber lasers, ama-laser e-femtosecond, noma njengenguqulo ye-hybrid ehlanganisa zombili izinhlobo ze-laser.
Kusho ukuthini ukwazi ngemishini yezokwelapha?Iningi lale mishini ikhiqizwa ngamaqoqwana anqunyelwe ngokusekelwe emiklamweni yangokwezifiso.Ngakho-ke, ukuguquguquka nokusebenziseka kalula kuyizinto ezicatshangelwayo ezibalulekile.Nakuba amadivaysi amaningi enziwa ngamabhilidi, ezinye izingxenye kufanele zenziwe ngokunemba ngomshini ngamabhilidi ayisicaba; umshini ofanayo kufanele uphathe kokubili ukuze ukwandise inani lawo.Lezi zidingo zivame ukuhlangatshezwana nazo ngokuhlinzeka ngokunyakaza kwe-CNC elawulwa yi-multi-axis (xyz ne-rotary) kanye ne-HMI esebenziseka kalula ye-HMI yokuhlela nokulawula okulula.Endabeni ye-StarCut Tube, inketho yemoduli yokulayisha ishubhu entsha iza nomagazini wokulayisha oseceleni (obizwa nge-StarFeed) wamashubhu afinyelela ku-3 m ubude bokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo.
Ukuguquguquka kwenqubo yale mishini kuthuthukiswa nakakhulu ngokusekelwa kokusika okumanzi nokomile kanye nemibhobho yokulethwa elungiseka kalula yezinqubo ezidinga igesi yokusiza. Ukulungiswa kwendawo nakho kubaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni izingxenye ezincane kakhulu, okusho ukuthi ukuqina kwe-thermomechanical kuqeda imiphumela yokudlidliza okuvame ukuhlangana nayo ezitolo zemishini.I-StarCut Tube range ihlangabezana nalesi sidingo ngokwakha inombolo enkulu ye-granite ye-granite.
I-NPX Medical ingumkhiqizi omusha wenkontileka ohlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuklama, ubunjiniyela kanye nokunemba kwe-laser yokusika kubakhiqizi bemishini yezokwelapha.Isungulwe ngo-2019, inkampani yakhe idumela embonini ngemikhiqizo yekhwalithi nokuphendula, isekela amadivaysi amaningi ahlanganisa ama-stents, izimila, ama-valve stents kanye namashubhu okulethwa aguquguqukayo ezinqubo ezifanayo zokuhlinza ezihlukahlukene, ukungenelela kwenhliziyo, ukungenelela kwe-neurovascular, okuhlanganisa i-neurovascular interventions, i-spinal Ukuhlinzwa kwabesifazane, nokwamathumbu. Umsiki wayo oyinhloko we-laser i-StarCut Tube 2+2Â ene-StarFiber 320FC enamandla amaphakathi angu-200 watts. UMike Brenzel, omunye wabasunguli be-NPX, wachaza ukuthi "abasunguli baletha iminyaka yokuklama idivayisi yezokwelapha nolwazi lokukhiqiza - iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-90 efana ne-laser ye-laser ye-C eyedlule, enesipiliyoni esifana nese-Star se-C esiphelele Umsebenzi uhilela ukusika i-Nitinol futhi sesiyazi kakade ukuthi ama-fiber lasers anganikeza isivinini kanye nekhwalithi esiyidingayo. Kumadivayisi afana namashubhu anezindonga eziwugqinsi namavalvu enhliziyo, sidinga isivinini, futhi i-USP laser ingase ihambe kancane ngokwezidingo zethu. Ngaphezu kwama-oda okukhiqiza ivolumu ephezulu - sisebenza ngokukhethekile ngamaqoqo amancane ezingxenye - phakathi kwezingcezu ezingu-5 nezingu-150 kuphela - umgomo wethu uwukugcwalisa lezi zicucu ezincane, ukusika izinhlelo, ukujika nje kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ukuklama. ngemva kokucubungula nokuhlolwa, uma kuqhathaniswa namasonto ngemva kokufakwa kwe-oda ezinkampanini ezinkulu.”Ngaphezu kokubalula isivinini, uBrenzel ukhulume ukwethembeka komshini njengenzuzo enkulu, engadingi ucingo olulodwa lwesevisi phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-18 eziseduze zokusebenza okuqhubekayo.
Umfanekiso 2. I-NPX inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinketho zangemuva kokucubungula.Impahla eboniswe lapha yi-T316 yensimbi engagqwali ene-5mm OD ne-0.254mm odongeni ubukhulu.Ingxenye engakwesobunxele iyasikwa / i-microblasted futhi ingxenye efanele i-electropolished.
Ngaphezu kwezingxenye ze-nitinol, inkampani iphinde isebenzise kakhulu ama-alloys e-cobalt-chromium, ama-tantalum alloys, ama-titanium alloys nezinhlobo eziningi zezinsimbi zezokwelapha ezingenasici. awusizo kumashubhu amaningi azacile awusizo kakhulu amanye alawa mashubhu angu-0.012″ kuphela, futhi isilinganiso esiphezulu samandla aphezulu kumandla amaphakathi wama-laser akamuva akhulisa isivinini sethu sokusika kuyilapho sisanikeza ikhwalithi yomkhawulo esiyifunayo.
Ngokungeziwe ekusikeni okunembayo nokuphendula ngokushesha, i-NPX iphinde inikeze uhla oluphelele lobuchwepheshe bangemva kokucubungula, kanye nezinsizakalo zokuklama ezibanzi ezithuthukisa ulwazi lwayo olubanzi embonini.Lawa masu ahlanganisa i-electropolishing, sandblasting, pickling, laser welding, setting heat setting, forming, passivation, Af lokushisa ukuhlolwa, kanye nokuhlolwa kokukhathala, konke okuwukhiye wokulawula ukuthuthwa kwemishini ye-Nitinol. qeda, u-Brenzel uthe, "ngokuvamile kuncike ekutheni sikhuluma ngokukhathala okukhulu noma ukukhathala okuncane. Isibonelo, ingxenye ekhathele kakhulu njenge-valve yenhliziyo ingase igobe izikhathi eziyizigidi eziyinkulungwane phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwayo njenge-post-processing Njengesinyathelo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-sandblasting ukuze kwandiswe i-radius yayo yonke imiphetho. Kodwa i-low-fatigue guides efana ne-post-wire-processing idinga izingxenye eziningi ze-post-fatigue." Mayelana nobuchwepheshe bokuklama, u-Brenzel uyachaza, manje kunamakhasimende amaningi njengezingxenye ezintathu kwezine asebenzisa izinsizakalo zawo zokuklama ukuze asebenzise usizo lwe-NPX namakhono ekutholeni imvume ye-FDA.Inkampani inhle kakhulu ekuguquleni umqondo "we-napkin sketch" ube umkhiqizo ngendlela yawo yokugcina ngesikhathi esifushane.
I-Motion Dynamics (i-Fruitport, MI) ingumkhiqizi wemithombo emincane yangokwezifiso, amakhoyili ezokwelapha nezintambo ezihlanganisiwe injongo yazo kuwukuxazulula izinkinga zamakhasimende, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziyinkimbinkimbi noma zibonakala zingenakwenzeka kangakanani, ngesikhathi esifushane ngangokunokwenzeka. imihlangano.
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukukhetha i-fiber noma i-laser ye-USP kuyindaba yokukhethwa konjiniyela kanye nohlobo lwemishini nezinqubo ezisekelwayo.UChris Witham, uMongameli we-Motion Dynamics, wachaza: "Ngokusekelwe kumodeli yebhizinisi egxile kakhulu emikhiqizweni ye-neurovascular, singaletha imiphumela ehlukene ekwakhiweni, ekubulaweni nasensizakalweni. Sisebenzisa kuphela ukusika i-laser ukukhiqiza izingxenye esizisebenzisayo endlini, zibe "izingxenye ezinzima" okukhethekile kanye nesithunzi; asinikezi ukusika nge-laser njengesevisi yenkontileka Sithole ukuthi ukusikeka okuningi kwe-laser esikwenzayo kwenziwa kangcono ngamalaser e-USP, futhi iminyaka eminingi ngisebenzisa i-StarCut Tube ngeyodwa yala ma-laser Ngenxa yesidingo esinamandla semikhiqizo yethu, sinamashifu amabili angu-8 ngosuku, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho namashifu amathathu, futhi ngo-2019 sidinga ukusekela lokhu enye yamamodeli amasha ayingxube ye-laser ye-femtosecond USP kanye nama-laser wefayibha Siphinde sayibhangqa nesilayishi/isilayishi se-StarFeed ukuze sikwazi ukusika ngokuzenzakalelayo - opharetha umane abeke okungenalutho Ishubhu ilayishwa kusiphakeli futhi uhlelo lokusebenza lwesofthiwe lomkhiqizo luyaqalwa.
Umfanekiso 3. Leli shubhu lokulethwa lensimbi engenasici elishintshashintshayo (eliboniswe eduze kwerabha lepensela) lisikwe nge-laser ye-Monaco femtosecond.
U-Witham wengeza ngokuthi nakuba ngezinye izikhathi basebenzisa umshini ukuze bazinqumele phansi, ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-95 esikhathi sabo basichitha bedala noma belungisa imikhiqizo eyisilinda yama-catheter ahlanganayo, okungukuthi ama-hypotubes, amakhoyili nama-spirals, okuhlanganisa amathiphu okusika amaphrofayili kanye nezimbobo zokusika. insimbi engagqwali, igolide elimsulwa, iplatinum ne-nitinol.
Umfanekiso 4. I-Motion Dynamics iphinde isebenzise i-laser welding kakhulu.Ngenhla, ikhoyili ishiselwe eshubhu lokusika i-laser.
Yiziphi izinketho ze-laser? U-Witham wachaza ukuthi ikhwalithi enhle kakhulu yonqenqema kanye nama-kerfs amancane abalulekile ezingxenyeni eziningi zawo, ngakho baqale bancamela amalaser e-USP. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azikho izinto inkampani ezisebenzisayo ezingasikwa ngenye yalawa ma-laser, okuhlanganisa nezingxenye zegolide ezincane ezisetshenziswa njengezimaka ze-radiopaque kweminye yemikhiqizo yayo. "Akungabazeki ukuthi i-fiber optics ingahlinzeka ngesivinini esiphezulu," esho. "Kodwa ngenxa yokugxila kwethu kwesicelo esithile, lokhu ngokuvamile kusho uhlobo oluthile lokucutshungulwa kwangemuva, njengokuhlanzwa kwamakhemikhali ne-ultrasonic noma i-electropolishing. Ngakho ukuba nomshini oyingxubevange kusivumela ukuthi sikhethe ukuthi iyiphi inqubo iyonke - i-USP iyodwa noma i-fiber kanye nokusingatha ngemuva kokucubungula - I-Optimum engxenyeni ngayinye. nokuqina kwezindonga kuhilelekile: ngisho nokusika ngokushesha ngama-fiber lasers, Bese usebenzisa i-laser ye-femtosecond ukuze usike kahle.” Ulindele ukuthi i-laser ye-USP izohlala iyisinqumo sabo sokuqala ngoba iningi lokusikeka kwe-laser yabo lihlanganisa ukujiya kodonga phakathi kuka-4 no-6 wena, nakuba behlangabezana nogqinsi olusuka ku-1-20 you. Amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali phakathi kwakho.
Sengiphetha, ukusika nokubhoboza nge-laser kuyizinqubo ezibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwemishini yezokwelapha ehlukahlukene.Namuhla, ngenxa yentuthuko yobuchwepheshe be-laser obuyisisekelo kanye nemishini eyenziwe kahle kakhulu ehlelelwe izidingo ezithile zemboni, lezi zinqubo kulula ukuzisebenzisa futhi zilethe imiphumela engcono kunangaphambili.