Ke mālama ʻia nei kēia pūnaewele e hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā ʻoihana nona ʻo Informa PLC a nona nā kuleana kope āpau iā lākou. ʻO ke keʻena i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia o Informa PLC ʻo 5 Howick Place, Lākana SW1P 1WG. Ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma ʻEnelani a me Wales. Helu 8860726.
I kēia lā, kokoke i nā ʻoki laser kikoʻī āpau o nā metala a me nā mea ʻole metala e hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana i lako me nā lasers fiber a i ʻole nā ​​​​laser pulse ultrashort (USP), a i ʻole i kekahi manawa ʻelua. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e wehewehe mākou i nā pono like ʻole o nā lasers ʻelua a ʻike pehea e hoʻohana ai nā mea hana ʻelua i kēia mau lasers. ʻO NPX Medical (Plymouth, MN) kahi hui hana kūikawā ʻaelike e hana ana i nā ʻano mea hana like ʻole a me nā mea hana hoʻolaha, e like me nā stents, implants, a me nā tubing flexible, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mīkini e hoʻokomo i nā lasers fiber. Hana ʻo Motion Dynamics i nā subassemblies, e like me nā ʻākoakoa "pull wire" i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka neurology, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mīkini e komo pū ana me kahi laser USP femtosecond a me kekahi o nā ʻōnaehana hybrid hou loa me nā femtosecond a me nā lasers fiber no ka maʻalahi loa a me ka Versatility.
No nā makahiki he nui, ua hana ʻia ka hapa nui o ka micromachining laser me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lasers nanosecond solid-state i kapa ʻia ʻo DPSS lasers. Eia naʻe, ua loli loa kēia i kēia manawa mahalo i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ʻelua mau ʻano laser like ʻole, a no laila he complementary. I hoʻomohala mua ʻia no nā kamaʻilio kelepona, ua oʻo nā lasers fiber i nā mea hana hana lasers ma nā ʻoihana he nui, pinepine ma nā nalu infrared kokoke. Aia nā kumu o kona holomua i kona hoʻolālā maʻalahi a me ka scalability mana pololei. ʻO kēia ka hopena i nā lasers i compact, hilinaʻi nui, a maʻalahi hoʻi e hoʻohui i nā mīkini kūikawā, a hāʻawi pinepine i kahi kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa o ka nona ma mua o nā ʻano laser kahiko. ʻO ka mea nui no ka micromachining, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ke kukuna hoʻopuka i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi a maʻemaʻe o kekahi mau microns wale nō ke anawaena, no laila kūpono lākou no ka ʻoki ʻana, ka welding a me ka wili ʻana i ka hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe. He maʻalahi loa a hiki ke hoʻokele ʻia kā lākou mau hoʻopuka, me nā helu pulse mai ka pana hoʻokahi a i 170 kHz. Me ka mana scalable, kākoʻo kēia i ka ʻoki wikiwiki a me ka wili ʻana.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kahi hemahema hiki o nā lasers fiber i ka micromachining ʻo ia ka machining o nā hiʻohiʻona liʻiliʻi a/a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻāpana lahilahi a palupalu. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka pulse lōʻihi (e laʻa, 50 µs) ka hopena i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka ʻāpana i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka wela (HAZ) e like me ka mea recast a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka lihi, kahi e pono ai kekahi hana ma hope. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻo nā lasers hou - nā lasers pulse ultrashort (USP) me nā pulse output femtosecond - hoʻopau i ka pilikia HAZ.
Me nā lasers USP, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka wela keu e pili ana me ke kaʻina hana ʻoki a ʻeli paha e lawe ʻia aku i loko o nā ʻōpala i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma mua o ka manawa e hoʻolaha ai i loko o nā mea a puni. Ua hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻia nā lasers USP me ka hopena picosecond i nā noi micromachining e pili ana i nā plastics, semiconductors, ceramics, a me kekahi mau metala (picoseconds = 10-12 kekona). Akā no nā mea hao me nā pou e like me ka nui o ka lauoho kanaka, ʻo ke alakaʻi wela kiʻekiʻe o ka metala a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole hāʻawi mau nā lasers picosecond i nā hopena i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia e hoʻāpono ai i ke kumukūʻai hoʻonui o nā lasers USP mua. Ua loli kēia i kēia manawa me ka hiki ʻana mai o nā lasers femtosecond papa ʻoihana (femtosecond = 10-15 kekona). ʻO kahi laʻana ʻo Coherent Inc.'s Monaco series of lasers. E like me nā lasers fiber, ʻo kā lākou hopena he kukui kokoke i ka infrared, ʻo ia hoʻi hiki iā lākou ke ʻoki a wili paha i nā metala āpau i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea lapaʻau, me ke kila kila, platinum, gula, magnesium, cobalt-chromium, titanium, a me nā mea hou aku, a me nā mea ʻole metala. ʻOiai ʻo ka hui pū ʻana o ka lōʻihi pulse pōkole a me ʻO ka ikehu pulse haʻahaʻa e pale ai i ka hōʻino wela (HAZ), ʻo ka helu hana hou kiʻekiʻe (MHz) e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i nā wikiwiki throughput kūpono no nā mea lapaʻau waiwai nui.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaneʻane ʻaʻohe mea o kā mākou ʻoihana e pono ai i hoʻokahi laser wale nō. Akā, pono lākou i kahi mīkini laser, a i kēia manawa he nui nā mīkini kūikawā i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia no ka ʻoki ʻana a me ka ʻeli ʻana i nā mea lapaʻau. ʻO kahi laʻana ʻo Coherent's StarCut Tube series, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia me nā lasers fiber, nā lasers femtosecond, a i ʻole he mana hybrid e hoʻohui ana i nā ʻano laser ʻelua.
He aha ke ʻano o ka hoʻolaha kūikawā ʻana i nā mea lapaʻau? Hana ʻia ka hapa nui o kēia mau mea hana i nā ʻāpana palena e pili ana i nā hoʻolālā maʻamau. No laila, ʻo ka maʻalahi a me ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana nā mea nui e noʻonoʻo ai. ʻOiai he nui nā mea hana i hana ʻia mai nā billets, pono e hana pololei ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana mai nā billets pālahalaha; pono ka mīkini hoʻokahi e lawelawe i nā mea ʻelua e hoʻonui i kona waiwai. Hoʻokō pinepine ʻia kēia mau pono ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka CNC multi-axis (xyz a me ka rotary) a me kahi HMI maʻalahi no ka papahana maʻalahi a me ka kaohi. I ke ʻano o StarCut Tube, hele mai kahi koho module hoʻouka paipu hou me kahi makasina hoʻouka ʻaoʻao (i kapa ʻia ʻo StarFeed) no nā paipu a hiki i 3 m ka lōʻihi a me kahi sorter no nā huahana ʻokiʻoki, e ʻae ana i ka hana piha piha.
Hoʻonui hou ʻia ka maʻalahi o ke kaʻina hana o kēia mau mīkini e ke kākoʻo no ka ʻoki pulu a maloʻo a me nā nozzles hoʻouna maʻalahi e hoʻololi no nā kaʻina hana e pono ai ke kinoea kōkua. He mea nui loa ka hoʻonā wahi no ka mīkini ʻana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa, ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻopau ka paʻa thermomechanical i nā hopena o ka haʻalulu i loaʻa pinepine i nā hale hana mīkini. Hoʻokō ka laina StarCut Tube i kēia pono ma ke kūkulu ʻana i ka papa ʻoki holoʻokoʻa me ka nui o nā mea granite.
He mea hana ʻaelike hou ʻo NPX Medical e hāʻawi ana i nā lawelawe hoʻolālā, ʻenekinia a me ka ʻoki laser pololei i nā mea hana mea lapaʻau. Hoʻokumu ʻia ma 2019, ua kūkulu ka hui i kahi kaulana i ka ʻoihana no nā huahana maikaʻi a me ka pane ʻana, e kākoʻo ana i kahi ākea o nā mea hana e like me nā stents, implants, valve stents a me nā paipu lawe maʻalahi no nā kaʻina hana ʻoki like ʻole, me ka neurovascular, cardiac, renal, spine, orthopedic, gynecological, a me ka ʻoki gastrointestinal. ʻO kāna mea ʻoki laser nui ʻo StarCut Tube 2+2 me kahi StarFiber 320FC me ka mana awelika o 200 watts. Ua wehewehe ʻo Mike Brenzel, kekahi o nā mea hoʻokumu o NPX, "lawe mai nā mea hoʻokumu i nā makahiki o ka hoʻolālā mea lapaʻau a me ka ʻike hana - ʻoi aku ma mua o 90 mau makahiki i ka huina", me ka ʻike mua me nā mīkini like StarCut e hoʻohana ana i nā lasers fiber. ʻO ka hapa nui o kā mākou hana e pili ana i ka ʻoki ʻana o Nitinol a ua ʻike mua mākou hiki i nā lasers fiber ke hāʻawi i ka wikiwiki a me ka maikaʻi a mākou e pono ai. No nā mea hana e like me nā paipu paia mānoanoa a me nā valves puʻuwai, pono mākou i ka wikiwiki, a hiki i ka laser USP e lohi loa no kā mākou mau pono. Ma waho aʻe o nā kauoha hana nui - loea mākou i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā ʻāpana - ma waena o 5 a me 150 mau ʻāpana wale nō - ʻo kā mākou pahuhopu ka hoʻopau ʻana i kēia mau hoʻololi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i loko o kekahi mau lā wale nō, me ka hoʻolālā, ka papahana, ka ʻoki ʻana, ka hoʻokumu ʻana, ka hana ma hope a me ka nānā ʻana, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pule ma hope o ke kau ʻana o kahi kauoha no nā ʻoihana nui. "Ma waho aʻe o ka haʻi ʻana i ka wikiwiki, ua haʻi ʻo Brenzel i ka hilinaʻi o ka mīkini ma ke ʻano he pono nui, ʻaʻole koi i hoʻokahi kelepona lawelawe i nā mahina 18 i hala o ka hana kokoke i ka hoʻomau.
Kiʻi 2. Hāʻawi ʻo NPX i nā koho hana hope like ʻole. ʻO ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ʻaneʻi he kila kila T316 me ka OD 5mm a me ka mānoanoa o ka paia 0.254mm. Ua ʻoki ʻia/microblasted ka ʻaoʻao hema a ua electropolish ʻia ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau.
Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻāpana nitinol, hoʻohana nui ka ʻoihana i nā cobalt-chromium alloys, tantalum alloys, titanium alloys a me nā ʻano kila kila lapaʻau he nui. Ua wehewehe ʻo Jeff Hansen, Luna Hoʻoponopono Laser, "ʻO ka maʻalahi o ka mīkini kekahi waiwai nui, e hiki ai iā mākou ke kākoʻo i ka ʻoki ʻana i nā ʻano mea like ʻole, me ka tube a me ka pālahalaha. Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻopololei i ke kukuna i lalo i kahi 20-micron wahi, he mea pono no nā paipu lahilahi. He mea pono loa nā paipu lahilahi. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau paipu he 0.012″ ID wale nō, a ʻo ka lakio kiʻekiʻe o ka mana kiʻekiʻe i ka mana awelika o nā lasers fiber hou loa e hoʻonui i kā mākou wikiwiki ʻoki ʻoiai e hāʻawi ana i ka maikaʻi o ka lihi i makemake ʻia. Pono mākou i ka wikiwiki o nā huahana nui me ke anawaena waho a hiki i ka 1 ʻīniha.
Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻoki pololei a me ka pane wikiwiki, hāʻawi pū ʻo NPX i kahi ākea o nā ʻenehana hana hope, a me nā lawelawe hoʻolālā piha e hoʻohana ana i kona ʻike nui i ka ʻoihana. ʻO kēia mau ʻenehana e pili ana i ka electropolishing, sandblasting, pickling, laser welding, heat setting, forming, passivation, Af temperature testing, a me ka luhi hoʻāʻo, ʻo ia mau mea āpau he kī i ka hana ʻana o ka hāmeʻa Nitinol. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka hana hope e kāohi i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka lihi, wahi a Brenzel, "e hilinaʻi pinepine ʻia inā mākou e kamaʻilio nei e pili ana i kahi noi luhi kiʻekiʻe a luhi haʻahaʻa paha. No ka laʻana, ʻo kahi ʻāpana luhi kiʻekiʻe e like me ka valve puʻuwai e kūlou i hoʻokahi piliona mau manawa ma luna o kona ola ʻana ma ke ʻano he hana hope. Ma ke ʻano he ʻanuʻu, he mea nui e hoʻohana i ka sandblasting e hoʻonui i ka radius o nā kihi āpau. Akā ʻo nā ʻāpana luhi haʻahaʻa e like me nā ʻōnaehana hāʻawi a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kuhikuhi alakaʻi ʻaʻole pinepine lākou e koi i ka hana hope nui. Ma ke ʻano o ka ʻike loea hoʻolālā, ua wehewehe ʻo Brenzel, aia i kēia manawa he ʻekolu hapahā o nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻohana pū ana i kā lākou lawelawe hoʻolālā e hoʻohana i ke kōkua a me nā mākau o NPX i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻae ʻia e ka FDA. He maikaʻi loa ka ʻoihana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka manaʻo "napkin sketch" i huahana i kona ʻano hope loa i loko o kahi manawa pōkole.
ʻO Motion Dynamics (Fruitport, MI) kahi mea hana o nā pūnāwai miniature maʻamau, nā ʻōwili lapaʻau a me nā ʻākoakoa uea nona ka misionari e hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia o ka mea kūʻai aku, ʻaʻohe mea paʻakikī a i ʻole hiki ʻole paha, i ka manawa pōkole loa. I nā mea lapaʻau, hoʻoikaika nui ia i nā ʻākoakoa paʻakikī no ke ʻoki ʻana i ka neurovascular, me ka hoʻolālā, ka hana ʻana, a me ka ʻākoakoa ʻana o nā ʻākoakoa uea kiʻekiʻe no nā noi e like me nā mea hoʻokele catheter, me nā ʻākoakoa "pull wire".
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻo ke koho ʻana o ka fiber a i ʻole ka laser USP he mea ia o ka makemake ʻenekinia a me ke ʻano o nā lako a me nā kaʻina hana i kākoʻo ʻia. Ua wehewehe ʻo Chris Witham, Pelekikena o Motion Dynamics: "Ma muli o kahi kumu hoʻohālike ʻoihana e kālele nui ana i nā huahana neurovascular, hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i nā hopena ʻokoʻa i ka hoʻolālā, ka hoʻokō ʻana a me ka lawelawe. Hoʻohana wale mākou i ka ʻoki laser e hana i nā ʻāpana a mākou e hoʻohana ai i loko o ka hale. , e hana i nā ʻāpana waiwai nui, "paʻakikī" i lilo i kā mākou ʻoihana kūikawā a me ka inoa; ʻaʻole mākou e hāʻawi i ka ʻoki laser ma ke ʻano he lawelawe ʻaelike. Ua ʻike mākou ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻoki laser a mākou e hana ai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me nā lasers USP, a no nā makahiki he nui ua hoʻohana wau i kahi StarCut Tube me kekahi o kēia mau lasers. Ma muli o ke koi ikaika no kā mākou huahana, loaʻa iā mākou ʻelua mau hoʻololi 8 hola i ka lā, i kekahi manawa ʻekolu mau hoʻololi, a i ka makahiki 2019 pono mākou e loaʻa i kahi StarCut Tube ʻē aʻe e kākoʻo i kēia ulu ʻana. Akā i kēia manawa, ua hoʻoholo mākou e hele me kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona hybrid hou o nā lasers USP femtosecond a me nā lasers fiber. Ua hoʻohui pū mākou iā ia me kahi mea hoʻouka/unloader StarFeed. i hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokō piha i ka ʻoki ʻana - kau wale ka mea hoʻohana i ka hakahaka. Hoʻouka ʻia ka paipu i loko o ka mea hānai a hoʻomaka ka polokalamu hana polokalamu no ka huahana.
Kiʻi 3. Ua ʻoki ʻia kēia paipu lawe kila kila palupalu (i hōʻike ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o kahi mea holoi penikala) me ka laser femtosecond Monaco.
Hoʻohui ʻo Witham ʻoiai lākou e hoʻohana pinepine ana i ka mīkini no ka ʻoki pālahalaha, ʻoi aku ma mua o 95 pakeneka o ko lākou manawa e hoʻolilo ʻia ana i ka hana ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā huahana cylindrical no kā lākou mau hui catheter steerable, ʻo ia hoʻi nā hypotubes, coils a me nā spirals, me ka ʻoki ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo profiled a me nā lua ʻoki. Hoʻohana hope ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana i nā kaʻina hana e like me ka hoʻoponopono aneurysm a me ka wehe ʻana i nā thrombus. Pono kēia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻoki laser ma nā ʻano metala like ʻole me ke kila kila, ke gula maʻemaʻe, platinum a me nitinol.
Kiʻi 4. Hoʻohana nui ʻo Motion Dynamics i ka wili laser. Ma luna, ua wili ʻia ke kaula i ka ʻōmole ʻoki laser.
He aha nā koho laser? Ua wehewehe ʻo Witham he mea koʻikoʻi ka maikaʻi o ka lihi a me nā kerfs liʻiliʻi no ka hapa nui o kā lākou mau ʻāpana, no laila ua makemake mua lākou i nā lasers USP. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻohe o nā mea a ka hui e hoʻohana ai hiki ke ʻoki ʻia e kekahi o kēia mau lasers, me nā ʻāpana gula liʻiliʻi i hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā māka radiopaque i kekahi o kāna huahana. Akā ua hoʻohui ʻo ia i nā koho hybrid hou, me nā lasers fiber a me nā USP, hāʻawi iā lākou i ka maʻalahi i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā pilikia wikiwiki / lihi. "ʻAʻohe kānalua e hiki i nā fiber optics ke hāʻawi i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe," wahi āna. "Akā ma muli o kā mākou noi kikoʻī, ʻo ia hoʻi kekahi ʻano o ka hana hope, e like me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kemika a me ka ultrasonic a i ʻole ka electropolishing. No laila, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mīkini hybrid e hiki ai iā mākou ke koho i ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa - USP wale nō a i ʻole fiber a me ka hana hope - Optimum no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana. Hiki iā mākou ke ʻimi i ka hiki ke hana hybrid machining o ka ʻāpana like, ʻoiai kahi e pili ana nā diameters nui a me nā mānoanoa o ka paia: ʻoiai ka ʻoki wikiwiki me nā lasers fiber, A laila e hoʻohana i ka laser femtosecond no ka ʻoki maikaʻi. Manaʻo ʻo ia e noho mau ka laser USP i kā lākou koho mua no ka mea ʻo ka hapa nui o kā lākou ʻoki laser e pili ana i ka mānoanoa o ka paia ma waena o 4 a me 6 tausani, ʻoiai ke kū nei lākou i nā mānoanoa o ka paia mai 1-20 tausani. ʻO nā paipu kila kila ma waena o ʻoukou.
I ka hopena, ʻo ka ʻoki ʻana a me ka wili ʻana i ka laser nā kaʻina hana koʻikoʻi i ka hana ʻana i nā mea lapaʻau like ʻole. I kēia lā, mahalo i nā holomua i ka ʻenehana laser koʻikoʻi a me nā mīkini i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia no nā pono kikoʻī o ka ʻoihana, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o kēia mau kaʻina hana e hoʻohana a hāʻawi i nā hopena maikaʻi aʻe ma mua o ka wā ma mua.