Umjikelo wamva nje weefowuni zengeniso zekota yokuqala eziya kubacoci baseMelika kunye nabavelisi abaphezulu phantse bebengavumelani ngazwi linye…
IJamani neNetherlands zinikwe ilungelo lokuthumela isabelo esikhulu sentsimbi eMelika ukususela nge-1 kaJanuwari 2022, emva kokuba iMelika igqibe inkqubo yangoku yerhafu yokungenisa intsimbi kwiCandelo 232 evela kwiManyano yaseYurophu phantsi kwesivumelwano samazwe amabini, ngokutsho kwamaxwebhu apapashwe eJamani naseNetherlands. Iwebhusayithi yeSebe lezoRhwebo lase-US. Izabelo eSweden nase-Austria nazo zibonwa njengeziluncedo ngokucacileyo kwezinye iimveliso.
IJamani, eyona mveliso inkulu yentsimbi kwi-EU, ifumene isabelo esikhulu se-TRQ yonyaka yommandla wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-US, kwiitoni eziyi-3.33 yezigidi. IJamani iya kuba nelungelo lokuthumela ngaphandle iitoni ezingama-907,893 zeemetrikhi zeemveliso ezahlukeneyo, ngokoluhlu. Isabelo sayo siquka iitoni ezili-121,185 ze-tinplate, iitoni ezingama-86,221 zephepha elinqunyiweyo kunye neetoni ezingama-85,676 zepayipi yomgca enobubanzi obungaphandle obudlula i-406.4 mm ngonyaka.
I-Itali, umvelisi wesibini ngobukhulu wentsimbi kwi-EU, inesabelo esipheleleyo seetoni ezingama-360,477, emva kakhulu kweJamani, kwaye iNetherlands inesabelo esipheleleyo seetoni ezingama-507,598. INetherlands likhaya le-IJmuiden mill ephambili yeTata Steel, umthengisi wendabuko we-HRC eMelika.
INetherlands inesabelo sonyaka se-122,529 t yesheti egoqwe ngobushushu, i-72,575 t yekhoyili egoqwe ngobushushu kunye ne-195,794 t yeplate yetinplate e-US.
Inkqubo yesabelo serhafu iza kuthatha indawo yerhafu ekhoyo ye-25% kwiimpahla zentsimbi ze-EU ezithe zabekwa nguMongameli wangaphambili wase-US uDonald Trump ngoMatshi 2018 phantsi komthetho weCandelo 232. Ukungeniswa kwexabiso lerhafu yonyaka kumiselwe kwi-3.3 yezigidi zeetoni, kuquka iindidi zemveliso ezingama-54, ezabelwe ilizwe elingamalungu e-EU, ngokuhambelana nexesha lembali lika-2015-2017, litshilo iSebe lezoRhwebo lase-US.
“Ukwahlukana yindlela elula yokubala ii-TRQs kufutshane nokuhamba kwe-EU okuqhelekileyo e-US (ngokwelizwe ngalinye elilungu),” utshilo isithethi sombutho wentsimbi waseYurophu i-Eurofer.
Nangona kunjalo, i-United States iyaqhubeka nokubeka irhafu yeCandelo 232 kwiimpahla zentsimbi ezivela kwamanye amazwe, nangona i-United States neJapan okwangoku zikwingxoxo-mpikiswano phakathi kwamazwe amabini malunga namalungiselelo orhwebo olunokusetyenziswa kwezinye iindlela.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokutsho komthombo kwimarike yeepleyiti zaseJamani: “Itoni yaseJamani ayininzi kangako. ISalzgitter isenemisebenzi ephezulu yokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma, nto leyo uDillinger anokuthi azuze kuyo. Nangona iBelgium inesabelo esincinci, kodwa kunjalo ne-Industeel. I-NLMK iseDenmark.”
Imithombo yeeflethi yayibhekisa kwiirhafu zeeflethi ezimfutshane okanye ezicutshungulwayo ngabanye abenzi beeflethi baseYurophu: i-US yabeka irhafu yokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma kubavelisi abaliqela ngo-2017.
I-TRQ yonyaka yeemveliso ezitshisiweyo ezishushu zase-Austria ziitoni ezingama-22,903, kwaye i-TRQ yeepayipi zemithombo yeoyile kunye neetyhubhu ziitoni ezingama-85,114. Ekuqaleni kwale nyanga, uHerbert Eibensteiner, umphathi oyintloko we-voestalpine yomenzi wentsimbi, ubize inqanaba lesabelo selizwe lase-US "lifanelekile e-Austria". U-Eibensteiner uthe i-voestalpine iqhubekile nokuthumela ngaphandle e-US nangona "umthwalo omkhulu wolawulo" ujongene ne-voestalpine yokufumana ukukhululwa kunye nerhafu yonyaka ye-40 yezigidi zeerandi (i-$45.23 yezigidi) yokuthumela ngaphandle iipayipi kwicandelo leoyile negesi lase-US.
Ezinye zezabelo ezinkulu zelizwe ziquka i-76,750 t yephepha eligoqekileyo elibandayo kunye nezinye iimveliso eSweden, i-32,320 t ye-hot rolled coil kunye ne-20,293 t yephepha eligoqekileyo elishushu. Isabelo saseBelgium siquka iitoni ezingama-24,463 zephepha eligoqekileyo elibandayo kunye nezinye iimveliso, iitoni ezingama-26,610 zephepha eligoqekileyo elishushu, iitoni ezili-13,108 zepleyiti kunye neetoni ezili-11,680 zemveliso ezigoqekileyo ezingenanto.
Ixabiso lerhafu leRiphabliki yaseCzech liza kuvumela ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kweetoni ezingama-28,741 zemitha zesitimela esiqhelekileyo, iitoni ezili-16,043 zeemitha zebha ezigoqiweyo ezishushu, kunye neetoni ezili-14,317 zemitha zepayipi yomgca enobubanzi obungaphandle obufikelela kwi-406.4 mm ngonyaka. Kwipleyiti enqunyiweyo, iFrance ifumene i-TRQ yeetoni ezingama-73,869, iDenmark yeetoni ezili-11,024 kunye neFinland yeetoni ezili-18,220. IFrance ikwafumene iitoni ezingama-50,278 zebha ezigoqiweyo ezishushu.
IGrisi ifumene iTRQ yeetoni ezingama-68,531 zeemitha zemibhobho enobubanzi obungaphandle obungaphezulu kwe-406.4 mm. ILuxembourg ifumene isabelo seetoni ezingama-86,395 zokuthumela ii-engile, amacandelo kunye neeprofayili e-US, kunye nesabelo seetoni ezingama-38,016 zeesheet piles.
Umthombo wezorhwebo ulindele ukuba ukungeniswa kwe-rebar evela e-EU kufikelele kwi-67,248t, nto leyo engayi kuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimarike yokuthumela ngaphandle i-rebar yaseTurkey.
“ITosyali Algeria ngomnye wabadlali abanciphisa irebar yaseTurkey ukuya eMelika,” utshilo, wongeza ngelithi nangona irebar yaseTosyali ibeka irhafu ye-25% kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa eMelika, abanazo iintlawulo zokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma kunye nerhafu yokuthintela ukuthengiswa kwenkunkuma, ngoko ke abathengi eMelika babhukishe irebar ngaphandle kweAlgeria.
ISebe lezoRhwebo licacisile kwiwebhusayithi yalo ukuba ii-quotas zerhafu ziya kubalwa kunyaka ngamnye womlinganiselo kwaye zilawulwe rhoqo ngekota. Nasiphi na ivolumu ye-TRQ engasetyenziswanga kwikota yokuqala yalo nyaka, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4% ye-quota eyabelwe loo kota, iya kusiwa phambili kwikota yesithathu. Nasiphi na ivolumu ye-TRQ engasetyenziswanga kwikota yesibini yalo nyaka, phantsi kwemiqathango efanayo, iya kusiwa phambili kwikota yesine, kwaye nasiphi na ivolumu ye-TRQ engasetyenziswanga kwikota yesithathu, phantsi kwemiqathango efanayo, iya kusiwa phambili kwikota elandelayo yokuqala yonyaka.
“Izabelo zerhafu ziya kwabelwa udidi ngalunye lwemveliso kwilizwe ngalinye elilungu le-EU ngokwesiseko sofike kuqala. I-US iza kubonelela kwiwebhusayithi kawonke-wonke ngohlaziyo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwezabelo zekota nganye kudidi ngalunye lwemveliso, kuquka ulwazi malunga neerhafu ezingayi kusetyenziswa. Isixa sesabelo sidluliselwa ukusuka kwikota enye ukuya kwenye,” itshilo.
Kulula kwaye kulula ukuyenza. Nceda usebenzise iqhosha elingezantsi kwaye siza kukubuyisela apha xa ugqibile.